河北省沧州市五县联考2024-2025学年高三下学期一模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试题PAGEPAGE1河北省沧州市五县联考2024-2025学年高三下学期一模英语试题第I卷(选择题)一、选择题(略)二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AAssociateProfessor/Professor(OpenRank)ClimateSystemsEngineeringinitiativeEmployer:ClimateSystemsEngineeringLocation:Chicago,IllinoisSalary:OpenClosingdate:Jan22,2025TheUniversityofChicagoinvitesapplicationsformultiplefacultypositions(tenuredassociateorfullprofessor)fromscholarswhowillmakesignificantcontributionstoClimateSystemsEngineering.TheUniversityisbuildingaworldleadingClimateSystemsEngineeringinitiativewithmultiplefacultyhiresaddressingsolargeoengineering,open-systemcarbonremovalsuchasenhancedweathering,andinterventionstolimitlossofglacialice.Weseekindividualswhowillleadresearchprogramsthatwillproducesignificantcontributionstotheirfieldandtothisresearchinitiative.Applicationsarewelcomefromallrelevantacademicdisciplinesincludingphysicalandbiologicalsciences,socialsciences,engineering,andhumanities.ApplicationsarewelcomefromscholarswhofocusonthephysicalorsocialrisksofClimateSystemsEngineering.ResearchonClimateSystemsEngineeringisinterdisciplinary,soweseekindividualswithatrackrecordofcollaborationbeyondtheirdiscipline.Qualifications·PhDinthephysical,biological,orsocialsciences;engineering;orthehumanities.·Evidenceofleadershipinthefieldandarecordofindependentresearch.ApplicationInstructionsApplicationsmustbesubmittedonlinethroughtheUniversityofChicago’sAcademicJob’swebsite:/161236.ReviewofapplicationswillbeginonJanuary22,2025andcontinueuntilallpositionsarefilled.Thefollowingmaterialsarerequired:·Abriefcoverletter.·AC.V.·Astatementofresearchplans(upto5pages)thatdescribeshowyouplantointegrateresearchonclimatesystemsengineeringintoyouroverallresearchprocess.·Astatementofteachingphilosophyandexperience.Thefollowingmaterialsmayberequested:·ListofreferencesEEOStatementWeseekadiversepoolofapplicantswhowishtojoinanacademiccommunitythatencouragesdiverseperspectives,experiences,andideastoinformandstimulateintellectualchallenge,engagement,andexchange.TheUniversity’sStatementsonDiversityare/statements-diversity.Jobseekersinneedofareasonableaccommodationtocompletetheapplicationprocessshouldcall773-834-3988oremailequalopportunity@withtheirrequest.1.Whoismostlikelyqualifiedfortheposition?A.Cindy,ascholarwhoheadedaresearchteamonsocialrisksofClimateSystemsEngineeringyearsagoB.Tommy,agraduatewhomajorsinengineeringyetisinexperiencedinrelevantresearchC.Claire,adistinguishedundergraduatewhodigsdeepinhismajorhumanitiesD.Peter,ascholarwhospecializesingeologyandisateammemberofaresearchteam2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Listofreferencesmustbeattachedtotheapplicationwithothermaterials.B.Applicantsshouldturnintheirapplicationsatequalopportunity@.C.ApplicationswillbelookedoverbyJanuary22,2025online.D.Applicantsshouldequipthemselveswithadescriptionofaresearchschemeasmanyas5pages.3.Whattypeofarticleisthis?A.abiography B.aproposal C.anadvertisement D.anotice【答案】1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章类型为招聘类广告。芝加哥大学为气候系统工程倡议招聘教授或副教授，希望他们能在此领域做出应有的贡献。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Weseekindividualswhowillleadresearchprogramsthatwillproducesignificantcontributionstotheirfieldandtothisresearchinitiative.(我们寻求那些将领导研究项目的个人，这些研究项目将对他们的领域和这项研究计划做出重大贡献)”以及第二段中“Applicationsarewelcomefromallrelevantacademicdisciplinesincludingphysicalandbiologicalsciences,socialsciences,engineering,andhumanities.(欢迎来自所有相关学科的申请，包括物理和生物科学、社会科学、工程和人文科学)”和第三段Qualifications中“PhDinthephysical,biological,orsocialsciences;engineering;orthehumanities.(物理、生物或社会科学博士学位；工程；或者人文学科)”以及“Evidenceofleadershipinthefieldandarecordofindependentresearch.(在该领域具有领导地位和独立研究记录的证据)”可知，A选项“Cindy,ascholarwhoheadedaresearchteamonsocialrisksofClimateSystemsEngineeringyearsago(辛迪，几年前领导了一个气候系统工程社会风险研究小组的学者)”所提及的申请者领导过气候系统工程关于社会危机的研究项目，符合招聘条件，很有可能被录取的。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章中ApplicationInstructions部分中的“Astatementofresearchplans(upto5pages)thatdescribeshowyouplantointegrateresearchonclimatesystemsengineeringintoyouroverallresearchprocess.(一份研究计划陈述(最多5页)，描述你计划如何将气候系统工程的研究融入你的整体研究过程中)”可知，申请者需要提供一份最多5页的研究计划描述。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了芝加哥大学招聘气候系统工程领域教职人员的信息，包括职位要求、申请资格、申请方式和截止日期等。因此，这是一则招聘广告。故选C。BCathyBrennancalmlypaddledherbrightyellowkayak(皮艇)downthePotomacRiver,continuinghervoyage,thelatestofhersolotripsonmajorwaterways.Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.“I’minthemoment,lookingatthewaves.”saidBrennan.Thejourneyisaminimaliststyle:sleepingbag,smalltent,rainjacket,changeofclothes,firstaidkit,applesandcheesesticks.Whenshe’sthirsty,shescoopswaterfromtheriversandpumpsitthroughafilter.“Ialwaysdrinktheriver,”shesays.Brennanlovesbeingontherivers,seeingthebaldeaglesabove,deeronthebanksandafascinatingarrayofbugsandinsectsthatneverfindtheirwayintohomes.However,everyfewdaysBrennanwillfindahotelforthenightwhereshecangetashowerandeatacheeseburger.She’llalsocheckinwithherhusbandJohn,whohashelpedherselecttheriverandresearchthetripsattheirhome.“He’smyvirtualSherpawithbenefits,”Brennansays,laughing.Shehasaphonewithherbutrarelycallsortextsanyone.Herchildrenusuallykeeptrackofherviathetransponderthat

sendsthemherlocationevery10minutesorso.Brennanknowsthatsolokayakingisnotforeveryoneandshe’snotreckless.Brennangrewuponalakeandwasastrongswimmerandboaterfromanearlyage.Whengoingthroughroughrapids,shewatchestheweathercarefully.Sheiscautiousaboutwhereshecampsandwhoisaroundher.Shehaspackeduphergearandheadedbackoutontheriverwhenshehasfeltunsafe.Surely,sheisaloneonthesejourneysbutsheisn’tlonely.Shesuggestedthatweallneedsomedisconnectionfromthewiredworldtofindthewiderworldaroundus.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutCathyBrennanfromparagraph1?A.Shelongsforcalmness. B.Sheseeksinnerpeace.C.Sheisfondoftravelling. D.Sheistiredofeverydayhousework.5.WhydoesBrennanregardherhusbandas“virtualSherpawithbenefits”?A.Becausehekeepstrackofher. B.Becausehearrangestherouteforher.C.Becauseheaccompaniesherontheriver. D.Becausehecontactsherwithcallsandtexts.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reckless”inparagraph4mean?A.Cautious. B.Fearless. C.Ambitious. D.Thoughtless.7.HowisBrennan’skayaktripaccordingtothepassage?A.Oddandinstructive. B.RomanticandthrillingC.Costlyandrelaxing D.Toughandrewarding.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了凯茜·布伦南用她的黄色皮艇独自旅行的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.(这很艰难，但它让布伦南放下了其他一切，把她的大脑从日常琐事中清空，专注于现在)”可知，凯茜·布伦南独自旅行是为了寻求内心的平静。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She’llalsocheckinwithherhusbandJohn,whohashelpedherselecttheriverandresearchthetripsattheirhome.“He’smyvirtualSherpawithbenefits.”(她还会和丈夫约翰联系，他帮她选择了河流，并在家里研究了旅行。“他是我有福的虚拟夏尔巴人。”)”可知，布伦南认为她的丈夫是“有福的虚拟夏尔巴人”，因为他为她安排路线。故选B。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Brennangrewuponalakeandwasastrongswimmerandboaterfromanearlyage.Whengoingthroughroughrapids,shewatchestheweathercarefully.Sheiscautiousaboutwhereshecampsandwhoisaroundher.Shehaspackeduphergearandheadedbackoutontheriverwhenshehasfeltunsafe.(布伦南在湖边长大，从小就擅长游泳和划船。在穿越险滩时，她会仔细观察天气。她对自己的营地和周围的人都很谨慎。当她感到不安全时，她会收拾好装备，回到河上)”可知，布伦南非常谨慎，并不鲁莽。由此可知，划线词reckless与thoughtless“轻率的，欠考虑的”意思接近。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.(这很艰难，但它让布伦南放下了其他一切，把她的大脑从日常琐事中清空，专注于现在)”及最后一段中的“Shesuggestedthatweallneedsomedisconnectionfromthewiredworldtofindthewiderworldaroundus.(她认为，我们都需要与有线世界断开一些联系，以发现我们周围更广阔的世界)”可知推，布伦南的旅行虽然很艰难，但是很值得。故选D。CWhenyouseesomeonetakethatfirstsipoffreshlymademilktea,theirfacelookslikepurejoy.Today,millionsofpeopleenjoythisexperience.Acrosstheworld,customersflocktotheirfavoritespotstomeetwithfriendsandsavorsipsofthesetastydrinks.Intheearly2000s,though,milkteawasjustcomingonthescene.Thefewbrandsthathadsuccessfullyestablishedthemselvesintheindustryweredearlyconcerned:Wouldmilkteajustbeanotherfashionfood?Sure,peopleareenjoyingittoday,butwouldtheystillbeinayear,orfiveyears?Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,wouldpeoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteacompanies?ThesearethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog,whichledthemtoresearchintothedeep,unexploredpsychologyofmilktea.LikeAirbnb,Sereniteapartneredwithanagency,CIABootlegManila(CBM),thatspecializesindrillingdowntothedeepconsumer“why”.Theagencyconductedaseriesofintensive,psychological-basedtechniquesinitsmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.Whattheyfoundwasthatmilkteawasacomplextopic.Theirresearchrevealedthatmilkteaproducesthreeconsistentpsychologicalresponses.Peopleconnectedtomilkthroughtheconceptofnurturing(滋养);theyfondlyrememberedtheirchildhoodandbeingcaredforbytheirmothers.Next,consumersconnectedteatoitshealingproperties.Respondentswouldrecallreceivingteawhentheyhadstomachacheorseeingtheirparentsdrinkingherbalteaforhealthreasons.Lastly,theyassociatedmilkteaitselfwithteenagefun:aguiltypleasureoftheiryouth.Theyhaduncoveredthethreepsychologicalcornerstones(基石)ofthemilkteaexperience:nurturing,healing,andteenagefun.Thissetofinsightswascrucial.Byintegratingthemintothecoreoftheirbrandstrategy,theystruckoutanentirelynewpath.8.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“probed”inparagraph4?A.Applied. B.Related. C.Demonstrated. D.Investigated.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Serenataplannedtodistinguishitselffromcompetitors.B.Sereniteaoutperformeditsopponentsinresearchfield.C.Sereniteasufferedatemporarystrategicfailurein2014.D.Sereniteapartneredwithaleadingpsychologicalagency.10.WhatcanSereniteadowiththefindingsfromtheirresearch?A.Offerasmanynewflavorsaspossible.B.Createayouthfulandplayfulbrandimage.C.Redesignstoresbyaddingromanticelements.D.ConductintensivemarketresearchwithCBM.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANewPathtoBusinessSuccess B.ThreeCornerstonesofMilkTeaC.SharingthePureJoyofMilkTea D.RevealingMilkTeaPsychology【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了奶茶背后心理学原理的发现和揭示过程。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog,whichledthemtoresearchintothedeep,unexploredpsychologyofmilktea.(在成功开设60家门店的同时，他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾，这促使他们开始研究奶茶的深层次、未被探索的心理)”可知，他们要调查researchinto。结合第五段“Whattheyfoundwasthatmilkteawasacomplextopic.(他们发现，奶茶是一个复杂的话题)”可知，他们调查出了结果。故划线词后文“theconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea”指出了他们研究调查的细分领域。故划线词意思是“调查”。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,wouldpeoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteacompanies?(有了这么多新的兴奋点，人们能区分出奶茶公司吗？)”以及第三段“ThesearethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.(这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题)”可知，Serenata计划将自己与竞争对手区分开来。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Next,consumersconnectedteatoitshealingproperties.Respondentswouldrecallreceivingteawhentheyhadstomachacheorseeingtheirparentsdrinkingherbalteaforhealthreasons.Lastly,theyassociatedmilkteaitselfwithteenagefun:aguiltypleasureoftheiryouth.(其次，消费者将茶与它的治疗特性联系起来。受访者会回忆起当他们胃痛或看到他们的父母为了健康原因喝凉茶时收到的茶。最后，他们将奶茶本身与青少年的乐趣联系在一起：他们年轻时的一种罪恶的快乐)”以及最后一段“Theyhaduncoveredthethreepsychologicalcornerstones(基石)ofthemilkteaexperience:nurturing,healing,andteenagefun.(他们发现了奶茶体验的三个心理基石：养育、治疗和青少年乐趣)”可知，Serenitea可以用他们的研究结果打造年轻俏皮的品牌形象。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“ThesearethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog,whichledthemtoresearchintothedeep,unexploredpsychologyofmilktea.(这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题。在成功开设60家门店的同时，他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾，这促使他们开始研究奶茶的深层次、未被探索的心理)”以及文章主要说明了奶茶背后心理学原理的发现和揭示过程，按照时间顺序展开，从出现问题到寻求解决，最终找到答案。故D选项“揭示奶茶心理”最符合文章标题。故选D。DScientistshavelongbeenfascinatedbycollectiveintelligence,theideathatgroupscansolveproblemsbetterthanindividuals.Now,aninterestingnewstudyrevealssomeunexpectedfindingsaboutgroupproblem-solvingabilitiesacrossspecies,specificallycomparinghowantsandhumanstacklecomplexspatialchallenges.ResearchersattheWeizmannInstituteofSciencedesignedanexperimentinvolvingbothgroupsoflonghorncrazyants(LCAs)andgroupsofhumansinsolvingthesamegeometric(几何)puzzleatdifferentscales.TheseLCAs,measuringjust3millimetersinlength,aredistributedallovertheworld.Thepuzzle,knownasa“piano-movers’problem”,requiredmovingaT-shapedloadthroughaseriesoftightspacesandaroundcorners.Whatmakesthisstudyparticularlyfascinatingisthatbothantsandhumansareamongthefewspeciesknowntocooperativelytransportlargeobjectsinnature.Theresearchersfoundthatwhilelargergroupsofantsperformedsignificantlybetterthansmallergroupsorindividuals,theoppositewastrueforhumanswhentheircommunicationwasrestricted.Whenhumangroupswerenotallowedtospeakorusegesturesandhadtowearmasksandsunglasses,theirperformanceactuallydeterioratedcomparedtoindividualsworkingalone.Thisfindingspeakstofundamentaldifferencesinhowantsandhumansapproachcollectiveproblem-solving.Individualantscannotgrasptheglobalnatureofthepuzzle,buttheircollectiontranslatesintoemergentcognitive(认知的)abilities;inotherwords,theydevelopnewproblem-solvingskillssimplybyworkingtogether.Thelargeantgroupsmaintainedtheirdirectionevenafterencounteringwallsandefficientlyexploredtheirenvironmentuntilfindingopenings.“Anantcolonyisactuallyafamily.Alltheantsinthenestaresisters,andtheyhavecommoninterests.It’satightlyorganizedsocietyinwhichcooperationgreatlyoutweighscompetition,”explainsstudyco-authorProf.OferFeinerman.“That’swhyanantcolonyissometimesreferredtoasasuper-organism,sortofalivingbodycomposedofmultiple‘cells’thatcooperatewithoneanother.”Incontrast,humangroupsshowednosuchenhancementofcognitiveabilities.12.WhyareLCAsusedassubjectsforexperimentsoncollectiveintelligence?A.Theyarewidespreadallovertheworld.B.TheycantransportT-shapedstuffeasily.C.Theyaremuchstrongerthanotherants.D.Theyhavethesharedbehaviorwithhumans.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deteriorated”inparagraph3mean?A.Becameworse. B.Remainednormal.C.Changedgreatly. D.Stoppedsuddenly.14.HowcanweassessLCAsabouttheirsolvingpuzzles?A.Individualintelligencematters.B.Hardworkisthekeytosuccess.C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.D.Thewholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AntandHumanProblem-Solving. B.AntColonies’TeamStrategies.C.Humans’GroupWorkBottlenecks. D.Cross-SpeciesIntelligenceSecrets.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蚂蚁和人类在解决几何难题时集体智慧表现的差异。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whatmakesthisstudyparticularlyfascinatingisthatbothantsandhumansareamongthefewspeciesknowntocooperativelytransportlargeobjectsinnature.(这项研究特别有趣的地方在于，蚂蚁和人类都是已知的少数几种在自然界中会合作运输大型物体的物种)”可知，长角疯蚁被用作集体智慧实验的对象是因为它们和人类有共同的行为，即合作运输大型物体。故选D。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatwhilelargergroupsofantsperformedsignificantlybetterthansmallergroupsorindividuals,theoppositewastrueforhumanswhentheircommunicationwasrestricted.Whenhumangroupswerenotallowedtospeakorusegesturesandhadtowearmasksandsunglasses(研究人员发现，虽然较大群体的蚂蚁比较小群体或个体的表现要好得多，但当人类的交流受到限制时，情况却恰恰相反。当人类群体不被允许说话或使用手势，并且必须戴口罩和太阳镜时)”以及“comparedtoindividualsworkingalone(与独自工作的个体相比)”可推知，当人类交流受限，他们的表现实际上比独自工作的个体更差，所以deteriorated意思是“变得更差”。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Individualantscannotgrasptheglobalnatureofthepuzzle,buttheircollectiontranslatesintoemergentcognitive(认知的)abilities;inotherwords,theydevelopnewproblem-solvingskillssimplybyworkingtogether.Thelargeantgroupsmaintainedtheirdirectionevenafterencounteringwallsandefficientlyexploredtheirenvironmentuntilfindingopenings.(单个蚂蚁无法把握难题的全局性质，但它们的集合转化为新兴的认知能力；换句话说，它们仅仅通过合作就发展出了新的解决问题的技能。大型蚂蚁群体即使在遇到墙壁后也能保持方向，并有效地探索周围环境，直到找到出口)”可推知，对于长角疯蚁来说，整体大于部分之和，它们通过合作能展现出更强的解决问题的能力。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Now,aninterestingnewstudyrevealssomeunexpectedfindingsaboutgroupproblem-solvingabilitiesacrossspecies,specificallycomparinghowantsandhumanstacklecomplexspatialchallenges.(现在，一项有趣的新研究揭示了一些关于不同物种群体解决问题能力的意外发现，特别是比较了蚂蚁和人类如何应对复杂的空间挑战)”可知，文章主要介绍了关于蚂蚁和人类在解决问题方面集体智慧的研究，所以A项“蚂蚁和人类解决问题”作为文章标题最合适。故选A。三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Lastsummerover12,000fanswereatWembleyArenainLondon,shoutingandcheering.Thousandsmorewerewatchingonline.___16___Itwasesports,orcompetitivecomputergaming.MillionsofpeopleintheUKplaycomputergamesforfun.Someofthemhavebecomeprofessionalgames,playinggamesastheirfull-timejob.___17___Theypracticefortenormorehoursaday,fiveorsixdaysaweek.Theydoexercisesliketypingsomethingandtryingtotypeitfasterandfaster.Theyalsostudyvideosofotherplayersandplanwaystobeatthem.___18___Areplayersathletes?Somesayno.Esportsplayersdon’tneedtorun,jump,throwordobigphysicalactions.Atthemoment,theUKgovernmentclassifiesesportsaskindsofgames,notassports.Butotherssayyes:esportsaresports.Playersdoneedsomephysicalskills,especiallyhand-eyecoordination,reflexes,accuracyandtiming.Ifdarts,snookerandshootingareclassifiedassports,thenperhapsesportsshouldbetoo.___19___AndtheywillbeanofficialmedalsportintheAsianGamesstartingfrom2022.Nextstep:theOlympics?Formanyesportsfansandplayers,though,themostimportantthingisthatesportsaregrowinginpopularityandimportance.___20___A.Butareesportsreallysports?B.Putsimply,esportsiscompetitivelevelgaming.C.It’snoteasybeingaprofessionalgamer,though.D.Butthiswasn’tafootball,basketballortennismatch.E.Itiscertainthatesportswillcomeintothe2028Olympics.F.Infact,ChinaandR.O.Koreadoclassifyesportsassports.G.Ifesportsarenotasimportantassportsnow,theydefinitelywillbeinthenearfuture.【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.F20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“电子竞技比赛”这一话题，讲述职业竞技玩家的辛苦，其被认可程度，以及对其未来进行了展望。【16题详析】根据前文“Lastsummerover12,000fanswereatWembleyArenainLondon,shoutingandcheering.Thousandsmorewerewatchingonline.(去年夏天，超过12000名球迷聚集在伦敦温布利体育场，欢呼雀跃。还有数千人在网上观看。)”讲到了一个比赛的盛大场面，且后文“Itwasesports,orcompetitivecomputergaming.(这是电子竞技，或竞争性电脑游戏。)”已经解释了这是一项“电子竞技”，那么可推知，设空句应是一个转折句，提及并不是人们所认为的常规大型比赛，从而引出后文话题。选项D“Butthiswasn’tafootball,basketballortennismatch.(但这不是一场足球、篮球或网球比赛。)”为“But”句，与前文构成了转折关系，且在句意上符合分析。故选D项。【17题详析】根据前文“Someofthemhavebecomeprofessionalgames,playinggamesastheirfull-timejob.(他们中的一些人已经成为职业游戏玩家，把玩游戏当成了他们的全职工作。)”提到了“职业游戏玩家”，且空后内容“Theypracticefortenormorehoursaday,fiveorsixdaysaweek.(他们每天练习10个小时以上，每周练习5到6天。)”仍然在讲述职业玩家的辛苦，由此推知，设空句作为中间句，应呼应前后主题“职业玩家”，同时又能延申到“职业玩家的辛苦”这一内容。选项C“It’snoteasybeingaprofessionalgamer,though.(然而，成为一名职业玩家并不容易。)”呼应主题“职业玩家”，与前文构成转折关系，与后文构成顺承关系。故选C项。【18题详析】根据后文的回答“Somesayno.Esportsplayersdon’tneedtorun,jump,throwordobigphysicalactions.Atthemoment,theUKgovernmentclassifiesesportsaskindsofgames,notassports.(有人说不。电子竞技选手不需要跑、跳、投或做大的身体动作。目前，英国政府将电子竞技归类为游戏，而不是体育。)”可知，这里在讨论“电子竞技是不是体育运动”这一话题，因此，设空句作为该段首句，应提出该话题。选项A“Butareesportsreallysports?(但电子竞技真的是体育吗？)”提出了该话题，符合分析。故选A项。【19题详析】根据后文“AndtheywillbeanofficialmedalsportintheAsianGamesstartingfrom2022.(从2022年开始，它们将成为亚运会的正式奖牌项目。)”可知，这里举例了电子竞技被官方认可的具体事件，同时结合句中的“And”可推知，该句应是承接设空句，对设空句的具体举例，即，设空句应该也是一个类似认可的事实说明句。选项F“Infact,ChinaandR.O.Koreadoclassifyesportsassports.(事实上，中国和韩国确实将电子竞技归类为体育运动。)”在句意上符合分析，与后文衔接紧密，同时“Infact”可与前文构成转折关系。故选F项。【20题详析】根据前文“Formanyesportsfansandplayers,though,themostimportantthingisthatesportsaregrowinginpopularityandimportance.(然而，对于许多电子竞技迷和玩家来说，最重要的是电子竞技越来越受欢迎和重要。)”可知，该段对电子竞技的前景进行了积极的展望，设空句作为末尾句，也应是对前景的积极展望。选项G“Ifesportsarenotasimportantassportsnow,theydefinitelywillbeinthenearfuture.(如果电子竞技现在没有体育那么重要，那么在不久的将来肯定会如此。)”是对电子竞技未来的积极展望，符合该段主题；同时，在句意表达上可作为末尾段总结句。故选G项。四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。Onceuponatime,inabusycity,therelivedayounggirlnamedLinda.Lindawasknownforhersharpmindandherlovefor___21___newthings.Herparentsalwaysencouragedhertoexploreandprovidedherwithcountlessopportunitiesto___22___herknowledgeandskills.Onesunnyafternoon,Linda’sfathersuggestedtheytakeatriptothelocalmuseum.Lindawas___23___fortheidea,havingheardtalesofancientartifactsandfascinatingexhibits.Astheywalkedthroughthemuseum,Linda’seyeswidenedin___24___atthesightofintricate(精巧的)sculpturesandrarepaintings.Herfather,tofurther___25___hereagerness,pointedoutvariouspiecesofartandexplainedtheirhistoricalsignificance.Lindalistenedattentively,___26___everywordherfathersaid.Shewasparticularlyfascinatedbyapaintingofapeacefullandscape,whichseemedtohavethemagicto___27___hersoul.Suddenly,Linda___28___somethingstrange.Asmallboy,lookinglostandconfused,wasstandingneartheentrance,___29___aroundasifsearchingforsomeone.Linda,sensingtheboy’sdistress,approachedhim___30___andaskedifheneededhelp.Theboy,tearswellingupinhiseyes,noddedandexplainedthathehad___31___separatedfromhisfamily.Linda,withoutthinking___32___,tookhishandandledhimtothemuseum’sinformationdesk,wheretheywereableto___33___hisparents.Linda’sfatherwatchedthiswithasenseof___34___.Hesawinhisdaughteraheartfullofcompassionandawillingnesstohelpothersinneed.Thatevening,astheywalkedhome,Linda’sfatherpraisedherforherbraveryand___35___.21.A.discovering B.investigating C.imagining D.inventing22.A.deepen B.identify C.broaden D.shorten23.A.sorry B.eager C.anxious D.grateful24.A.amazement B.boredom C.anger D.disappointment25.A.issue B.arouse C.flash D.mount26.A.takingcontrolof B.referringto C.checkingin D.takingin27.A.confuse B.schedule C.calm D.shape28.A.noticed B.concentrated C.registered D.requested29.A.going B.demanding C.pretending D.looking30.A.creatively B.confidently C.specifically D.kindly31.A.extremely B.obviously C.accidentally D.actually32.A.twice B.about C.back D.over33.A.greet B.communicate C.contact D.recognize34.A.responsibility B.pride C.curiosity D.power35.A.courage B.kindness C.honesty D.patience【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.D31.C32.A33.C34.B35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫琳达的年轻女孩以她敏锐的头脑和对发现新事物的热爱而闻名，某天在参观当地的博物馆时，她帮助了一个和家人走散的男孩，父亲为她骄傲。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：琳达以她敏锐的头脑和对发现新事物的热爱而闻名。A.discovering发现；B.investigating调查；C.imagining想象；D.inventing发明。根据后文“newthings”以及“Herparentsalwaysencouragedhertoexplore”可知，琳达的父母鼓励她探索，所以她喜爱发现新事物。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父母总是鼓励她去探索，并为她提供了无数的机会来扩大她的知识和技能。A.deepen加深；B.identify认出；C.broaden扩大；D.shorten缩短。根据上文“Herparentsalwaysencouragedhertoexploreandprovidedherwithcountlessopportunitiesto”可知，她的父母总是鼓励她去探索，并为她提供了无数的机会来扩大她的知识和技能。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：琳达对这个主意很热心，因为她听过有关古代工艺品和迷人展品的故事。A.sorry抱歉的；B.eager热衷的，热心的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.grateful感激的。根据后文“havingheardtalesofancientartifactsandfascinatingexhibits”可知，因为她听过有关古代工艺品和迷人展品的故事，琳达对这个主意很热心，故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们穿过博物馆时，琳达惊讶地睁大了眼睛，看到了错综复杂的雕塑和罕见的绘画。A.amazement惊诧；B.boredom无聊；C.anger愤怒；D.disappointment失望。根据后文“atthesightofintricatesculpturesandrarepaintings”可知，看到了错综复杂的雕塑和罕见的绘画，琳达惊讶地睁大了眼睛，故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲，进一步激发她的热情，指出各种艺术品，并解释他们的历史意义。A.issue发表；B.arouse激发，引起；C.flash闪光；D.mount开展。根据后文“hereagerness,pointedoutvariouspiecesofartandexplainedtheirhistoricalsignificance”可知，父亲指出各种艺术品，并解释他们的历史意义，进一步激发她的热情，故选B。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：琳达聚精会神地听着，把她父亲说的每一句话都听进去了。A.takingcontrolof控制；B.referringto参考；C.checkingin入住；D.takingin理解。根据后文“everywordherfathersaid”指琳达理解了父亲说的每一句话。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对一幅宁静的风景画特别着迷，这幅画似乎有使她的灵魂平静下来的魔力。A.confuse使困惑；B.schedule安排；C.calm使平静；D.shape塑造。根据上文“apeacefullandscape”指宁静的风景画使她的灵魂平静下来。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，琳达注意到一些奇怪的事情。A.noticed注意到；B.concentrated集中；C.registered注册；D.requested要求。根据后文“Asmallboy,lookinglostandconfused”指琳达注意到一些奇怪的事情：一个小男孩，看起来迷茫困惑。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个小男孩站在门口，一脸迷茫，东张西望，好像在找什么人。A.going去；B.demanding要求；C.pretending假装；D.looking看。根据后文“aroundasifsearchingforsomeone”指男孩东张西望地找人。故选D。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：琳达觉察到了男孩的痛苦，便友善地走近他，问他是否需要帮助。A.creatively创造性地；B.confidently自信地；C.specifically特意；D.kindly善良地。根据后文“andaskedifheneededhelp”可知，琳达友善地靠近男孩，询问是否需要帮助。故选D。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：男孩眼里噙满了泪水，他点点头，解释说他不小心和家人走散了。A.extremely非常；B.obviously显然；C.accidentally意外地；D.actually实际上。根据后文“separatedfromhisfamily”可知，男孩意外和家人走散了。故选C。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：琳达不假思索地拉着他的手，把他带到博物馆的问讯处，在那里他们可以联系到他的父母。A.twice两次；B.about关于；C.back向后；D.over越过。根据后文“tookhishandandledhimtothemuseum’sinformationdesk”可知，琳达不假思索地拉着他的手，把他带到博物馆的问讯处，withoutthinkingtwice表示“毫不犹豫地，不假思索地”。故选A。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：琳达不假思索地拉着他的手，把他带到博物馆的问讯处，在那里他们可以联系到他的父母。A.greet问候；B.communicate交流；C.contact联系；D.recognize认可。根据上文“ledhimtothemuseum’sinformationdesk”可知，带到博物馆的问讯处，是为了联系男孩的父母。故选C。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达的父亲带着一种自豪的心情看着这一切。A.responsibility责任；B