2021-2022学年陕西省榆林市高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年陕西省榆林市高二上学期期末考试英语试题注意事项:1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号；3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题卷不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesBilllikeverymuch?A.Englishlessons.B.Musicalinstruments.C.Singingsongs.2.Wheredoesthemanliketowritehispaper?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inhishome.C.Intheclassroom.3.WhydoesBrucerefusethewoman’srequest?A.Heisinahurrytowork.B.Hiscarisbeingrepaired.C.Theairportistoofaraway.4.Whocouldgoforadriveintheman’sopinion?A.Onlyoneofthem.B.Thetwoofthem.C.Theirwholefamily.5.HowlongdidthewomanstayinCanadalastyear?A.Fortwomonths.B.Forfourmonths.C.Forsixmonths.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatwillAntondoforthefashionshow?A.Sellthetickets.B.Placelights.C.PrepareCDs.7.Whowillhelpwiththeclothes?A.Julia.B.Sarah.C.Karl听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Onwhichfloorwillthemanstay?A.Thefourthfloor.B.Thethirdfloor.C.Thefifthfloor.9.Howmuchshouldthemanpayfortwonights?A.150dollars.B.80dollars.C.160dollars.10.Whenisthesupperready?A.At5:30p.m.B.At6:00p.m.C.At6:30p.m.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.Whichuniversitywillthewomanattend?A.ColumbiaUniversity.B.Harvard12.Howwasthewoman’sinterviewgoing?A.Itwasterrible.B.Itwasfine.C.Itwasdifficult.13.Whydoesthewomangotothemedicalschool?A.Herfatheraskshertodoso.B.Themangivestheadvice.C.Sheisinterestedinmedicine.14.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?A.Adoctor.B.Areporter.C.Ateacher.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whydidtheofficerwanttoseethedriver’slicense?A.Thedriverwasspeeding.B.Thedriverwasastranger.C.Thedrivertookawrongturning.16.Whatisthespeedlimitinbusinessareasofthatcity?A.20milesperhour.B.25milesperhour.C.35milesperhour.17.Whatdidthepoliceofficerfinallydo?A.Shetookthemantothepolicestation.B.Sheaskedhimtoseethesigns.C.Shejustwarnedhim.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatwastheweatherlikelastweek?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Snowy.19.HowmuchsnowisexpectedonMountA.Nineinches.B.Teninches.C.Fourfeet.20.WhenisChristmasDay?A.NextWednesday.B.NextThursday.C.NextFriday.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcometothePaintingCompetitionforWoodlandsStudentsTheInternationalAnti-DrugDaythisyeariscomingsoon.Inordertoraiseteenagers’awarenesstofightagainstdrugtaking,theCityArtCouncilisgoingtoholdapaintingcompetitionforthestudentsinourcity.Studentswhowanttotakepartinthecompetitioncanhandintheirown2Dpaintingsineitherofthefollowingtwoways:Eachschoolwillbeprovidedwithaboxforstudentstoputintheirpaintings.BoxeswillbepickedbytheCityArtCouncilonThursday,June23rd,2016,beforetheendoftheschoolday.PaintingscanbealsohandedinonFriday,June24th,from8:00amto10:00amattheWoodlandsArtHall(175RiversideStreet).Allpaintingsarerequiredtobe60cmwideby80cmlongorsmaller.Largersizeswillnotbeaccepted.Eachstudentcanonlyhandinonepainting.ThefinaldecisiononthecompetitionresultswillbemadeonJune26th,theAnti-DrugDay.ThenamelistofthewinnerswillbemadeknownonthewebsiteoftheCityArtCouncilonthesameday.AllwinningpaintingswillbeshowntothepublicattheCityPrizes:1stPrize(10students)＝$300GiftCardeach2ndPrize(20students)＝$200GiftCardeach3rdPrize(30students)＝$100GiftCardeachForfurtherinformation:Visithttp://www.woodlandsartcouncil.orgorcall2569-8632.1.Thesizeofthepaintingslike______willbeaccepted.A.50cmwideby90cmlong B.70cmwideby60cmlongC.60cmwideby90cmlong D.60cmwideby70cmlong2.Thepubliccanenjoythewinningpaintings______.A.attheCityYouthC.attheWoodlandsArtHall D.attheCityArtCouncil3.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Eachstudentcantakepartinthecompetitionwithone3Dpainting.B.Eachofthesecondprizewinnersinthecompetitionwillget300dollars.C.Studentscangetmoreinformationaboutthecompetitionintwoways.D.StudentsmustputtheirpaintingsintheschoolboxonJune24th.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告类型的文章。文章介绍了今年的国际禁毒日即将到来，市艺术委员会将为本市学生举办伍德兰学生绘画比赛，文章介绍了其有关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段前两句“Allpaintingsarerequiredtobe60cmwideby80cmlongorsmaller.Largersizeswillnotbeaccepted.”（所有绘画都要求60厘米宽，80厘米长或更小。不接受较大尺寸。），可知像D选项（60厘米宽，70厘米长）这样的尺寸的画将会被接受。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“AllwinningpaintingswillbeshowntothepublicattheCityYouthParkfromJune27thtilltheendofJuly.”（所有获奖作品将于6月27日至7月底在城市青年公园向公众展出。），可知公众可以在城市青年公园欣赏获奖作品。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一个标题及其内容“Forfurtherinformation:Visithttp://www.woodlandsartcouncil.orgorcall2569-8632.”（有关进一步信息：浏览网站http://www.woodlandsartcouncil.或致电2569-8632。）可知，从这篇文章中我们知道学生可以通过两种方式获得有关比赛的更多信息。故选C。BLiBaiisregardedasthegreatestromanticpoetoftheTangDynastyandarepresentativeoftheHighTangculture,combinationofrealisticNorthernculturerepresentedbyConfucianphilosophyandromanticSouthernculturerepresentedbyTaoistphilosophy.ButhecouldneitherrealizehisConfucianidealtoservethecountrynorfindspiritualfreedominTaoism,sohecouldonlychantpoetryanddrinkwinetodrownhissorrowasdescribedbyDuFuinEightImmortalDrinkers.HereweseethetragedyofagenuinestayinglonelyonearthlikeanangelfallenfromHeaven.HistryismarkedbymalegreatnessintheWaterfallinMountLuViewedfromAfar,inwhichweseethemountaincloudfromdownbelowandtheSilverRiver,ChinesenamefortheMilkyWay,fallfromonhigh,andheavenandearthseemtomergeintoone,thatistheChinesewayofcommunionwithnature.Inhispoetry,wecanfindhisloveofnature,offreedom,ofthepeople,ofhisfriends,inshort,oftruth,gooandbeauty.LiBaiisbestknownfortheextraordinaryimaginationandstrikingTaoistimageryinhispoetry,aswellasforhisgreatloveforliquor.LikeDuFu,hespentmuchofhislifetravelling,althoughinhiscaseitwasbecausehiswealthallowedhimto,ratherthanbecausehispovertyforcedhim.HeissaidtohavedrownedintheYangtzeRiver,havingfallenfromhisboatwhiledrunkenlytryingtoembracethereflectionofthemoon.4.AccordingtothepassagethestatementsareaboutLiBaiEXCEPT______.A.heisarepresentativeofthecombinationofrealisticandromanticcultureB.hecouldnotputhisabilitytogooduseinservinghiscountryatthattimeC.hehadadepressedmentalstateandonlydrunkwineandchantedpoetryD.hemadethepoemsinwhichcomplaintsanddissatisfactioncouldbeshown5.InhispoetryLiBaimainlydescribed______.A.relationshipbetweendifferentclasses B.criticismofsocialrealismC.beautifulnatureandfeelings D.crueltyoftheofficialdom6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.LiBaienjoyeddrinkingmoreteathananythingelse.B.LiBaispentmuchtimeontravellingaswellasDuFu.C.LiBaihadamoreextraordinaryimaginationthanTao.D.LiBaihadtodothatbecausehewasverypoor.7.Inwhichcolumnofthenewspapermaythepassageappear?A.Literature. B.Health. C.Sports. D.Fashion.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人李白的诗歌和生平经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“LiBaiisregardedasthegreatestromanticpoetoftheTangDynastyandarepresentativeoftheHighTangculture,combinationofrealisticNorthernculturerepresentedbyConfucianphilosophyandromanticSouthernculturerepresentedbyTaoistphilosophy.ButhecouldneitherrealizehisConfucianidealtoservethecountrynorfindspiritualfreedominTaoism,sohecouldonlychantpoetryanddrinkwinetodrownhissorrowasdescribedbyDuFuinEightImmortalDrinkers.”（李白被认为是唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人，是以儒家哲学为代表的现实主义北方文化与以道家哲学为代表的浪漫主义南方文化相结合的盛唐文化的代表。但他既无法实现儒家的报国理想，也无法在道家中找到精神自由，只能吟诗饮酒，如杜甫在《八仙饮客》中所描述的那样，借以消愁。），可知A选项（他是现实主义和浪漫主义文化结合的代表）B选项（当时他不能很好地利用自己的能力为国家服务）C选项（他情绪低落，只能喝酒和吟诗）都正确；D选项（他创作的诗歌中抱怨和不满能够被展示出来）没有被提及。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Inhispoetry,wecanfindhisloveofnature,offreedom,ofthepeople,ofhisfriends,inshort,oftruth,gooandbeauty.”（在他的诗歌中，我们可以找到他对自然、自由、人民、朋友的热爱，简言之，对真、善、美的热爱。），可知李白在他的诗歌中主要描写了美丽的自然与情感。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“LikeDuFu,hespentmuchofhislifetravelling,althoughinhiscaseitwasbecausehiswealthallowedhimto,ratherthanbecausehispovertyforcedhim.”（和杜甫一样，他一生中的大部分时间都在旅行，尽管对他来说，这是因为他的财富允许他旅行，而不是因为贫穷迫使他旅行。），可知从最后一段我们能了解到：李白和杜甫一样花了很多时间在旅行上。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意，文章介绍了唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人李白的诗歌和生平，可知这篇文章会出现在报纸的文学专栏。故选A。CDon’tyouwanttotalklessandsmilemore?ThatseemstobeAmazon’svisionforthefutureofthesmarthome.Accordingtothecompany,talkingtotheirdevicesisjustatemporarystage.Next,theirgadgets(小玩意)willjustknowwhatwewantanddoitforuswithoutasinglecommand.Toplotthisroute,theconsumertechgiantshowedoffaseriesofnewgadgetsatitsannualhardwareeventinSeptember,2020.Thisvisionofasmarthomehasbeentheroadmapforhomeautomationfordecades.Atruesmarthomedoesn’tjustreacttocommands,itcanforeseewhatwillhappenandtakeactionaccordingly.Thiscouldincludelightsswitchingonwhenyouarrivehome,heatingturningoffwhenthehouseisempty,orsecuritydrones(无人机)activatingwhensomebodybreaksin.Amazonsaysit’sreadyforthisdomesticrevolution,evenifit’sstillafewdecadesoff.Connectivityistheguaranteeofatruesmarthome.TheupdatedEchosmartspeakerlinethatwasrecentlydisplayeddoesn’tjusthaveashowynewlook,itcomeswithasuiteoftechtokeepeverythingconnected.Thisextendednetwork,whichwillbelaunchedintheUSinlater2021,isdesignedtosupportexpandingthesmarthomeouttothesmartgardenandthesmartdrivewayandbeyondtothesmartneighbourhood.Attheevent,Amazonalsoshowedoffanactualrobot.TheRingAlwaysHomeCam($250,comingin2021)wasperhapsthemostfancyofferingfromtheevent,andcertainlyraisedafairnumberofeyebrows.Atroughly13cmhigh,theAlwaysHomeCamisadronewithacamera.Itrisesupfromitsdockingstationandfliesonpre-setpaths.Ifasecurityeventisdetected,itwillsendwarningstoyourphone.Ultimately,atruesmarthomewon’tjustrelyonvoicecommandsordrones.Thelessaggressivetechsuchassensors,computervision,andAIwillworktogethertorespondtoourneedswithoutviolatingourprivacy.But,asLimpsays,thetruesmarthome“isalong-termvision,andthere’sstilllotstobedonetomakethatareality”.8.AccordingtoAmazon’svision,atruesmarthome______.A.isalreadyavailabletotheconsumerslastSeptemberB.willbeactiveandpredictiveC.willbelimitedtoindooractivitiesD.canonlyactatitsowner’srequest9.AbouttheupdatedEchosmartspeakerline,weknow______.A.itonlyconnectsthingsinone’sownhome B.itisnecessityforatruesmarthomeC.ithasanattractivenewlook D.itenjoysgreatpopularity10.WhatmaytheRingAlwaysHomeCambeunabletodo?A.Callthepolice. B.Detectinvaders. C.Sendmessages D.Takephotos.11.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.IntroducingthecompanyofAmazon.B.Advertisingthebenefitsofthesmarthome.C.TalkingabouthowEchosmartspeakerlineworks.D.Whatthetruesmarthomeislikeandsomerelatedgadgets.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊对智能家居未来的愿景和畅想，以及描述了智能家居的一些设备功能。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Atruesmarthomedoesn'tjustreacttocommands,itcanforeseewhatwillhappenandtakeactionaccordingly.”（一个真正的智能家居不仅仅是对命令作出反应，它可以预见将会发生什么并且有依据的采取措施）可知，一个智能家是积极的并且可预测的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“TheupdatedEchosmartspeakerlinethatwasrecentlydisplayeddoesn'tjusthaveashowynewlook,itcomeswithasuitoftechtokeepeverythingconnected.”（最近显示更新的Echo智能扬声器不仅具有显眼的新外观，还配备了一套技术来保持所有连接）可推断出，它有一个吸引人的新外表，与选项C一致，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“theAlwaysHomeCamisadronewithacamera.Itrisesupfromitsdockingstationandfliesonpre-setpaths.Ifasecurityeventisdetected,itwillsendwarningstoyourphone.”（这个机器人是一个带相机的无人机，它从对接站升起，按照预先设定的路线飞行。如果检测到安全事件，它会向你的手机发送警告）可推断出，它能够拍照、发送消息以及侦测安全，但不能给警察打电话。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Don'tyouwanttotalklessandsmilemore?ThatseemstobeAmazon'svisionforthefutureofthesmarthome.”（你想说更少的话并笑的更多吗？这似乎是亚马逊对智能家居未来的愿景。）和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了智能家居的未来是什么样子，并且也描述了机器人，扬声器等小玩意，选项D可以全面概括文章的主旨。故选D。DThenexttimeyouaretemptedtoordertakeoutorbuyfoodanddrinksonthego,youmightwanttoholdoff.Theresultsofamajornewstudymaybeenoughtostartleyoutoadjustyourconsumptionhabits,astheyrevealsignificantamountsofglobalplasticlitterlinkedtotakeoutfoodproducts.Thestudyanalyzed12millionpiecesoflittercollectedfromoceansandrivers,shorelines,theseafloor,andopenwaters.Researchersfoundthat80%ofitemswereplastic,andnearlyhalf(44%)wasrelatedtotakeoutfoodanddrinks—specifically,single-usebags,plasticbottles,foodcontainers,andfoodwrappers.Otheritemsincludedplasticcapsandlidsanddisposablecuttingtools.LeadstudyauthorDr.CarmenMoralessaid,“Iwasshockedtofindoutthatbags,bottles,foodcontainersandcuttingtoolstogetherwithwrappersaccountforalmosthalfofthehuman-madeobjectsonaglobalscale.”Desertedfishingnetsandropeswereanotherproblemresearchersnoted,althoughmoresointheopenocean,notalongornearshorelines.Basedontheiranalysis,theresearchersmadethreesuggestions:First,replacetakeoutfoodanddrinkcontainerswithmaterialsthataremorereadilybiodegradable;Second,introducebansonavoidableplastics;Third,usedepositrefundschemestoincentivizereusableproducts.Untilthatdaycomes,however,it’suptousasconsumerstochangethewaywechooseproductsinordertoavoidunnecessaryplasticpackaging—andthereisabettertimetogetstartedthannow,asPlastic-FreeJulykicksoff.Ifyouhavenotyetheardofit,Plastic-FreeJulyisanannualmonth-longchallengetoreduceone’suseofsingle-useplasticandtodiscoveralternativestopurchasing,consumingandtransportingfood(amongotheritems).Keepingthisnewstudyinmind,herearesomepracticalsuggestionsforreducingtakeout-relatedsingle-useplasticsinone’sday-to-daylife.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“startle”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Stop. B.Prohibit. C.Stimulate. D.Promise.13.Howdotheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byanalyzingthedata. B.Byperformingexperiments.C.Bydoingquestionnaires. D.Bycomparingtheimpact.14.Whatmaybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Waystobuyreusableproducts. B.C.Furtherstudymadebyresearchers. D.TheimpactofPlastic-FreeJuly.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.OrderingTakeoutHasBecomeaTrendB.ThrownWastesDoHarmtotheOceanC.WeShouldFormRightConsumptionHabitsD.PlasticWastefromTakeoutIsaBigProblem【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了一项研究表明外卖塑料包装成为一个大问题，然后给出了一些建议，呼吁我们立刻行动起来保护环境。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词所在句子“Theresultsofamajornewstudymaybeenoughtostartleyoutoadjustyourconsumptionhabits,astheyrevealsignificantamountsofglobalplasticlitterlinkedtotakeoutfoodproducts.”（一项新的重大研究结果可能足以startle你来调整你的消费习惯，因为它们揭示了大量与外卖食品相关的全球塑料垃圾。），可知新的研究结果足以激发你去调整你的消费习惯。C选项Stimulate(促进，激发，刺激)符合题意。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一二句“Thestudyanalyzed12millionpiecesoflittercollectedfromoceansandrivers,shorelines,theseafloor,andopenwaters.Researchersfoundthat80%ofitemswereplastic,andnearlyhalf(44%)wasrelatedtotakeoutfoodanddrinks—specifically,single-usebags,plasticbottles,foodcontainers,andfoodwrappers.Otheritemsincludedplasticcapsandlidsanddisposablecuttingtools.”（这项研究分析了从海洋、河流、海岸线、海底和开阔水域收集的1200万件垃圾。研究人员发现80%的物品是塑料的，近一半（44%）与外卖食品和饮料有关，特别是一次性包装袋、塑料瓶、食品容器和食品包装。其他物品包括塑料盖和盖子以及一次性切割工具。），可知研究者们是通过分析数据来进行研究的。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Keepingthisnewstudyinmind,herearesomepracticalsuggestionsforreducingtakeout-relatedsingle-useplasticsinone’sday-to-daylife.”（记住这项新的研究，以下是一些减少日常生活中与外卖相关的一次性塑料的实用建议。），可知接下来的内容应该是如何去做来减少和外卖一次性塑料包装，也就是我们应该做的正确的事情。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读整篇文章，前两段讲述了外卖包装的一次性塑料包装给我们带来了很大的问题，后面两段提出了三项建议，呼吁我们马上行动起来，在我们的日常生活中减少外卖相关的一次性塑料包装。可知D选项（外卖产生的塑料垃圾是一个大问题）作为标题最合适。故选D。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We’veallheardthenutritionalconsultants,dietitiansandfoodexpertswhowarnusaboutwhatnottoeat—givinguswarningsandstatisticsaboutthebadconsequencesofpoordietarychoices.___16___.Whiletotheuntrainedeyeourfoodisjustfood.BelowI’velistedsomecommonfoodsfoundinyourdietthatareactuallymakingyouhealthy.

CoffeeThecaffeinefoundincoffeecanhelpaidphysicalperformance,fatlossandmentalalertness.___17___,aswellasantioxidants(抗氧化物质)thathavebeenshowntopreventcertaintypesofcanceranddisease.___18___.Anythingmorethanfivecouldbecounterproductive(适得其反),astoomuchcaffeinehasbeenshowntoincreaselevelsofanxietyandstress.

ChocolateNormallyit’sdarkchocolatethatgetsalotofattentionforitsantioxidantsandhealthbenefits.However,studiesshowthateatingregularchocolatecanbringussomegoodtoo.Chocolatereleasesthechemicalserotonin(血清素)inthebrain,makingusfeelhappyandalsoimprovingourstresslevels.___19___,aslongasyouhaveabalanceddietincheckthenhavingabitofchocolatefromtimetotime,nomatterthevariety,isactuallyagoodthing!Bychoosingaqualitybrand,andperhapsleavingoutthesugar,youcouldbereceivingmorethanapick-me-upforthemorning.___20___.A.YouwillalsoreceivearangeofbenefitsthatwillaidyourhealthdownthelineB.WhiledarkchocolateseemstobeamoresensiblechoicethanyouraveragechocolatebrandC.It’sbeenrecommendedtodrinkfivecupsofcoffeedailytoreceivethesebenefitsD.Drinkingcoffeedoesgoodtopeople’shealthanditcanmakepeopleexcitedandrelaxedE.However,whatmanypeopledon’tknowisthatcoffeecontainsessentialnutrientsforhumanhealthF.Asweallknow,eatingtoolittleisharmfulG.However,therearesomecommonfoodsweeateverydaythatstudiesshowprovidegreathealthbenefits【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.B20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了健康饮食方面两种常见的食物：咖啡和巧克力，以及他们正确的食用方法。【16题详解】根据上文“We’veallheardthenutritionalconsultants,dietitiansandfoodexpertswhowarnusaboutwhatnottoeat—givinguswarningsandstatisticsaboutthebadconsequencesofpoordietarychoices(我们都听过那些警告我们什么食物不可以吃的营养顾问、营养师和食品专家给我们提供不良饮食选择的不良后果的警告和统计数据)”可知，营养顾问、营养师和食品专家眼中的食物有的属于不健康食品。设空处之后“Whiletotheuntrainedeyeourfoodisjustfood.BelowI’velistedsomecommonfoodsfoundinyourdietthatareactuallymakingyouhealthy.(而在外行看来，我们的食物只是食物。下面我列出了一些日常饮食中可以让你健康的常见食物)”可知，前面一句提到专家们关于不良饮食的告诫，后一句却列出了让人健康的常见食物，故设空处的句子与前句为转折关系，G项“However,therearesomecommonfoodsweeateverydaythatstudiesshowprovidegreathealthbenefits(然而，研究表明，我们每天吃的一些常见食物对健康非常有益)”本句与上句为转折关系，与后一句则语意顺接连贯，本句中“providegreathealthbenefits”与下一句的“makingyouhealthy”意思相近。故选G项。【17题详解】本段的中心词为Coffee，第一句“Thecaffeinefoundincoffeecanhelpaidphysicalperformance,fatlossandmentalalertness(咖啡中的咖啡因有助于提升身体活动能力，有助于减肥和提高精神敏捷性)”可知，咖啡有益健康。E项“However,whatmanypeopledon’tknowisthatcoffeecontainsessentialnutrientsforhumanhealth(然而，许多人不知道的是，咖啡含有人体健康所必需的营养成分)”，与后面的“aswellasantioxidants(抗氧化物质)thathavebeenshowntopreventcertaintypesofcanceranddisease(还有已经被证明可以防止某些类型的癌症和疾病的抗氧化剂)”构成完整句意，进一步说明了咖啡有益健康的原因。故选E项。【18题详解】由后句“Anythingmorethanfivecouldbecounterproductive(适得其反),astoomuchcaffeinehasbeenshowntoincreaselevelsofanxietyandstress.(任何食物超过五份就可能会适得其反，过多的咖啡因可以导致焦虑和压力的增加)”可知，不宜过量饮用咖啡。C项“It’sbeenrecommendedtodrinkfivecupsofcoffeedailytoreceivethesebenefits(建议每天喝五杯咖啡来获得这些好处)”可知，此处“五杯”与后一句“超过五杯就适得其反了”之间语意连贯。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Normallyit’sdarkchocolatethatgetsalotofattentionforitsantioxidantsandhealthbenefits.(通常黑巧克力因其抗氧化剂和有益健康而备受关注)”，“However,studiesshowthateatingregularchocolatecanbringussomegoodtoo.Chocolatereleasesthechemicalserotonin(血清素)inthebrain,makingusfeelhappyandalsoimprovingourstresslevels(然而，研究表明，吃普通巧克力也能给我们带来一些好处。巧克力会在大脑中释放化学物质血清素，使我们感到快乐，也改善我们的压力水平)”可知，普通的巧克力能给我们带来一些好处,那么黑巧克力肯定比普通巧克力带来更大的好处。B项“Whiledarkchocolateseemstobeamoresensiblechoicethanyouraveragechocolatebrand(比起你的普通巧克力品牌，黑巧克力似乎是一个更明智的选择)”，前提是“aslongasyouhaveabalanceddietincheckthenhavingabitofchocolatefromtimetotime,nomatterthevariety,isactuallyagoodthing!(只要你有一个平衡的饮食控制，那么偶尔吃一点巧克力，不管品种，其实是一件好事!)”。B项符合上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Bychoosingaqualitybrand,andperhapsleavingoutthesugar,youcouldbereceivingmorethanapick-me-upforthemorning.(选择一个优质品牌的巧克力，或许不加糖，你不仅仅是一个早上都精神大振，你可能还有其他得益)”可知，优质品牌的巧克力益处多多。A项“Youwillalsoreceivearangeofbenefitsthatwillaidyourhealthdowntheline(你还将获得一系列的将有助于你的健康的福利)”，语意衔接连贯。故选A项。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ilookedoutofthedoorofmy100-year-oldhouseandsawmynewlybuiltgarden.Irealizednothingisrubbish.Iwasfullof___21___andappreciation.I___22___tolookatthethingsthatweusuallythinkofas___23___—plasticbags,pollutedwater,rubberbands,andnewspapers,clothesandfurniturewe___24___.Ialsobegantothink,actandliveaccordingtoabeliefthatallthingshavethe___25___ofbeingreusedaslongaswetryto___26___it.AndIexploredtheworthof___27___.Imeanrecyclingisn’tjustabout___28___rubbishlikeputtingglassandpaperin___29___bins.Italsorequirescreativity,commitmentandevenlove.Myneighborswouldputtheautumn____30____bytheroadsidetobepickedupbythegarbagetruck.Thisdidn’t____31____withmynewfoundconceptofrecyclingtrash,soImadeanew____32____withmovingboxesandputupa____33____saying,“Dump(倾倒)leaveshere”.Iwatchedcarefullythroughtheautumnasmyneighbors____34____theleavesinthenewgarden.Ialsowateredtheleaves____35____withrainwaterandcollecteddogs’wasteasfertilizer.ThenI____36____flowerseeds.Finally,Ihadanew____37____garden,fullofcolorfulflowers.Nothinghastobereally____38____.Ifyoutryhardenough,everythingcanberecycled.Ievenusedmybathwatertowatermygarden,thoughitmightbealittle____39____formyfriends.ButIthinkifweallcanturnwaste,sometimesalittledirty,into____40____,theworldwillbeamuchbetterplace.21.A.joy B.sympathy C.doubt D.regret22.A.refused B.hesitated C.liked D.started23.A.wealth B.garbage C.rewards D.necessities24.A.packedup B.broughtup C.threwaway D.gaveaway25.A.value B.request C.confusion D.consequence26.A.own B.find C.forget D.lose27.A.collecting B.recovering C.recycling D.competing28.A.sorting B.picking C.spotting D.recording29.A.uniform B.broken C.limitless D.separate30.A.fruit B.rice C.leaves D.vegetables31.A.compare B.deal C.communicate D.fit32.A.platform B.garden C.picture D.schedule33.A.building B.tent C.sign D.show34.A.piled B.polished C.decorated D.cleaned35.A.unwillingly B.hardly C.seriously D.casually36.A.made B.sowed C.removed D.reserved37.A.awful B.annoying C.imaginary D.attractive38.A.useless B.careless C.priceless D.loveless39.A.pleasant B.vivid C.violent D.disgusting40.A.trouble B.treasure C.terror D.trade【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.A26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C36.B37.D38.A39.D40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者利用循环利用的理念，把邻居废弃的秋叶当成肥料建立了吸引人的花园的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我充满了喜悦和感激。A.joy快乐；B.sympathy同情；C.doubt怀疑；D.regret后悔，遗憾。根据空格后的“andappreciation”可知，此处是与“appreciation”并列的是褒义词，joy符合题意。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始研究我们通常认为是垃圾的东西——塑料袋、污水、橡皮筋、报纸、衣服和我们扔掉的家具。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.liked喜欢；D.started开始。根据下一句的“Ialsobeganto…”可知，本空表示“我开始……”，用started符合题意。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始研究我们通常认为是垃圾的东西——塑料袋、污水、橡皮筋、报纸、衣服和我们扔掉的家具。A.wealth财富；B.garbage垃圾；C.rewards回报；D.necessities必需品。结合破折号后面的内容“plasticbags,pollutedwater,rubberbands,andnewspapers,clothesandfurniture”可知，这些都是我们通常认为是垃圾的东西。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始研究我们通常认为是垃圾的东西——塑料袋、污水、橡皮筋、报纸、衣服和我们扔掉的家具。A.packedup打包；B.broughtup提出，抚养成人，呕吐；C.threwaway扔掉；D.gaveaway赠送，分发。结合前文提到的这些被人们认为是垃圾的东西，与它们并列的应该是“furniturewethrewaway(我们扔掉的家具)”。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也开始按照这样一种信念思考、行动和生活：只要我们努力寻找，所有的东西都有被重复使用的价值。A.value价值；B.request请求；C.confusion困惑，混乱；D.consequence结果。结合空格后的“beingreused”可知，此处表达的是“所有的东西都有被重复使用的价值”。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也开始按照这样一种信念思考、行动和生活：只要我们努力寻找，所有的东西都有重复使用的价值。A.own拥有；B.find寻找，发现；C.forget忘记；D.lose丢失。根据18空后的“

Ifyoutryhardenough,everythingcanberecycled.”和下一句中的“explore”可知，本句表示“只要我们努力寻找”。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：并且我探索了回收的价值。A.collecting收集；B.recovering恢复；C.recycling循环利用；D.competing竞争。结合下一句中的“Imeanrecyclingisn’tjustabout…”可知，本句中提到的是recycling。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的意思是回收不仅仅是关于分类垃圾，比如把玻璃和纸分别放在不同的垃圾桶里。A.sorting分类；B.picking捡起；C.spotting发现；D.recording记录。结合空格后的“likeputtingglassandpaperin

9bins”可知，这里说的是“sortingrubbish(分类垃圾)”。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的意思是回收不仅仅是分类垃圾，比如把玻璃和纸分别放在不同的垃圾桶里。A.uniform一致的，统一的；B.broken破碎的；C.limitless无限的；D.separate分开的，不同的。根据常识，分类垃圾应该是把玻璃和纸分别放在不同的垃圾桶里。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我邻居会把秋叶放在路边，然后由垃圾车来收拾。A.fruit水果；B.rice米饭；C.leaves叶子；D.vegetables蔬菜。结合13空后的标志牌的内容“Dump(倾倒)leaveshere(倾倒叶子在这里)”可知，这里提到的是“我的邻居会把秋叶放在路边”。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不符合我新发现的回收垃圾的观念，所以我建了一个新的带移动箱子的花园，并挂了一个标志牌，上面写着“倾倒叶子在这里”。A.compare比较；B.deal处理；C.communicate交流；D.fit适合，符合。结合前文提到邻居把秋叶放在路边和我进行回收利用的观念，由此可知，这与我新发现的回收垃圾的观念不相符。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不符合我新发现的回收垃圾的概念，所以我建了一个新的带移动箱子的花园，并挂了一个标志牌，上面