2025版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练36Alandofdiversity含解析新人教版

PAGE1-课时提能练(三十六)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·济南模拟)Lima，thecapitalofPeru(秘鲁)，hascountlessmuseumsthattouristscan'taffordtomiss.NowstartpackingupandprepareforyourperfectPeruvianhistoryexplorationatthesewonderfulmuseums.◆LarcoSteppinginside，visitorsgettolearnthe4，000yearsofPeruvianpre­Columbianhistorythroughanunbelievablecollectionofobjects.ThebestthingaboutthemuseumisthatitkeepsthedoortotheStoreroomopentovisitorssothattheycanadmireitscollectionclosely.◆GoldMuseumofPeruIfyoulikeshinyobjectsorpreciousmetals，thenplanatriptoGoldMuseumofPeru.Inancienttimes，thePeruvianpeoplewerecelebratedfortheirskillswithmetals.Andthemuseumisaimedatpreservingthisheritage.◆LimaArtexpertsaremuchpleasedasthecityisalsohometoLimaArtMuseum.Itspermanentexhibitofover1，200piecesismerelyasmallpartofitsamazingcollectionmorethan17，000artifacts.ThehighlightofthemuseumisitscollectionofCarlosBaea­Flormasterpieces，whichisconsideredtobethemostcompletesetintheworld.◆MuseumofItalianArtTheonlymuseumdedicatedtoEuropeanartinPeru，MuseumofItalianArtisastorehouseofclassicalandcontemporarypaintingsandsculpturesbelongingtothe20thcentury.ThepropertyiseasilyaccessiblebyashortwalkfromLima◆MuseumofNaturalHistoryLastbutcertainlynottheleastistheMuseumofNaturalHistory.GivingaglimpseintotherichbiodiversityinPeru，themuseumhasondisplaytheskeletonsofaspermwhaleandfossilsofseveralmammals.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了秘鲁首都利马市的五个各具特色的博物馆。1．InwhichmuseumcanvisitorsentertheStoreroom?A．LarcoB．GoldMuseumofPeruC．LimaD．MuseumofA[细微环节理解题。依据LarcoMuseum部分中的“ThebestthingaboutthemuseumisthatitkeepsthedoortotheStoreroomopentovisitorssothattheycanadmireitscollectionclosely”可知，这个博物馆最棒的地方在于它对游客放开了通往贮存室的门，这样游客就可以近距离观赏它的保藏品了。故游客能够进入贮存室的博物馆是LarcoMuseum，故选A项。]2．WhatmakesGoldMuseumofPerudifferentfromothermuseums?A．Itsexhibitsofdiversitiesofanimals.B．Itslargecollectionofobjects.C．Itsclassicalpaintingsandsculptures.D．ItsdisplayofPeruvianskillswithmetals.D[细微环节理解题。依据GoldMuseumofPeru部分中的“thePeruvianpeoplewerecelebratedfortheirskillswithmetals.Andthemuseumisaimedatpreservingthisheritage”可知，秘鲁人民因其金属技艺而著名，GoldMuseumofPeru旨在爱护这一遗产。因此GoldMuseumofPeru与其他博物馆的不同之处在于它展示并爱护了秘鲁人民的金属技艺，故选D项。]3．WhichmuseumistheclosesttoLimaA．MuseumofB．MuseumofC．LarcoD．GoldMuseumofPeru.B[细微环节理解题。依据MuseumofItalianArt部分中的“ThepropertyiseasilyaccessiblebyashortwalkfromLimaArtMuseum”可知，MuseumofItalianArt距离LimaArtMuseum只有一小段路，因此离LimaArtMuseum最近的就是MuseumofItalianArt，故选B项。]B(2024·武汉调研)WhenIgraduatedfromtheUniversityofIowalastyear，Ididsomethingmyfriendsdidnotunderstand.IleftIowa，whereIhadfriendsandstability，toliveonasmallhouseboatnearSanFrancisco.Atschool，Ihadfoundajobdrivingaschoolbussopeopleasked，“Whyonearthareyouleaving？”Well，atgraduationIwaspresentedwithtwothings—adegreeinpsychologyandaquestion.Itwasthesameonethatmanyinmygenerationgot：“WhatdoIdonow？”Itwasasdifficultasitwascommon.That'sbecausemanypeopleatmyagewereraisedwiththesamewords，repeatedoverandoverbyparents，teachersandTV，that“youcanbewhateveryouwanttobe”．Asayoungboy，everytimewhenIwaspuzzledaboutmyfuture，theywouldsaythattheywouldbehappyifIwashappy.However，whatIneededwasconcreteadvicebutnotavagueidea，forexample，“beadoctor，orbeabusdriver”．Myexperiencewasbynomeansuniversal.ManyAmericansaretaughtbytheirparentsthattheonlypurposeinlifeistoattainmoneyandpower.Asagoal，thisseemsmucheasierandclearerthanfinding“happiness”or“gentleness”．Theresultofthisupbringingisthatmanyofmyclassmatesdidnotspecializeinanyparticularskill，ratherassumingthatsomethingwouldmagicallyhappentoovercometheirproblems.Theyoftengetarealshockwhentheyenterthe“realworld”andfindthattheiroptionsareverylimited.Manyofmyfriendshavetakenjobsaswaitersorcooksaftergraduating，orhavemovedbackinwiththeirparents.Mylifeontheboatishardattimes，especiallyduringstorms.Butthisismysmallattempttobehappyonmyown.I'mnotbuyingintomynation'sideaoflimitlesspossibilitiesbecauseIfeelthatstopsthegrowthofmanyoftoday'syouth.【语篇解读】本文是文化教化类夹叙夹议文。作者用自身的经验指出当今美国的一个社会问题：青少年须要父母更为详细的引导和教化，让他们知道自己将来详细想要做什么，而不是简洁地告知他们“成为你想成为的人”。4．Whywerethefriendsconfusedaboutthewriter'sleaving?A．Hewastiredofdriving.B．Hesuddenlyquitschool.C．Hewouldlosehisfriends.D．Hewouldleadachanginglife.D[推理推断题。依据题干中的关键词confused定位到文章第一段中的“Ididsomethingmyfriendsdidnotunderstand.IleftIowa，whereIhadfriendsandstability，toliveonasmallhouseboatnearSanFrancisco”可知，作者离开了艾奥瓦州，那里有他的挚友，有稳定的工作，但他去了旧金山旁边的一个船屋，起先自己一种新的生活，他的挚友们对他的这种做法很不理解，故答案是D。]5．WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheguidancehegotfromAmericansociety?A．It'sspecific. B．It'swrong.C．It'sgeneral. D．It'scorrect.C[推理推断题。依据题干中的关键词guidance定位到文章的其次段，这一段讲解并描述了作者对于来自他人的指导的想法；依据其次段内容，尤其是其中的“whatIneededwasconcreteadvicebutnotavagueidea”可知，作者想要的是详细的建议，故可推知他认为他得到的指导是宽泛的，故答案是C。]6．WhatdirectlycausedalotofAmericanstohavejobslowerthantheirexpectations?A．Theirachievablegoals.B．Thepracticalguidance.C．Beingshockedbytherealworld.D．Lackingprofessionalcompetence.D[细微环节理解题。依据题干中的关键词“jobslowerthantheirexpectations”定位到文章第三段最终一句“Manyofmyfriendshavetakenjobsaswaitersorcooksaftergraduating，orhavemovedbackinwiththeirparents”(我的许多挚友在毕业后都当了服务生或厨师，或者搬回去跟父母住在一起)，上文分析了导致这种状况的缘由“Theresultofthisupbringingisthatmanyofmyclassmatesdidnotspecializeinanyparticularskill”，也就是说，父母的这种教化方式导致许多孩子没有去仔细学习专业技能。故答案是D。]7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．StaywhereyouareB．BewhateveryouwanttobeC．BlindfaithinindustrialsocietyD．MistakenbeliefinlimitlesspossibilitiesD[主旨大意题。文章主要阐述了作者指出当前美国的一个社会问题：父母没有给孩子提出详细的、明确的建议，教化其孩子把钱和权力当成了生活的唯一目标，这导致许多孩子没有去仔细学习专业技能，在走上社会之后受到了影响，只能去做一些很低层次的工作。依据最终一段中的“I'mnotbuying...today'syouth”可知，作者指责了这种教化方式，并且不再信任美国社会的“无限可能”的信念。所以答案是D。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·长沙检测)Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour__1__wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample,whilewearelookingforwardto__2__anewplaceorcountry,we__3__whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe__4__peoplewilleat,dressandact.Ofcourse,wedonotalwayspredictthings__5__.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__6__themtobe.Oneofthe__7__dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist,Kekule,whohadbeen__8__toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad__9__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays,butthere__10__tobenowayof__11__outtheanswer.Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe__12__up,herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis__13__.Itissaidthatinordertofigureouttheprocess，thehypnotist(催眠者)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke__14__：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Thinkabout__15__.Youknownothingbutmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiontomyvoice,your__16__willgetheavier.Soonyou'llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand__17__mywords,butyourbodywillbeasleep,youreyesaretooheavy.Youare__18__asleep,andwhenyouwakeupyouwill__19__nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.NowIamgoingto__20__slowlyfromonetofive.One,two,three,four,five...”【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明白人类大脑的奇妙实力。1．A.brains B．sensesC．minds D．sightsC[依据前一句“Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象将来的实力；据此可知，空处指“思维”，故C项正确。]2．A.visiting B．seekingC．reaching D．discoveringA[依据该句中的“anewplaceorcountry”可以推断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine)那里会是什么样子。]3．A.imagine B．knowC．feel D．guessA[参见上题解析。]4．A.custom B．habitC．style D．wayD[依据该段最终一句中的“theway”，并结合该句“Wepredictthe__4__peoplewilleat，dressandact”可知，我们总会预料(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。D项意为“方式”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“风俗”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“风格”。]5．A.quickly B．simplyC．correctly D．neatlyC[依据空处后一句“Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__6__themtobe”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以推断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预料事物。]6．A.required B．wishedC．left D．expectedD[参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期”。]7．A.funny B．dullC．famous D．sillyC[依据该句中的“dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦。C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“好玩的”；B项意为“无趣的”；D项意为“愚蠢的”。]8．A.managing B．tryingC．thinking D．hopingB[依据该句中的“Kekule，whohadbeen__8__toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics”及下文可知，Kekule始终在努力解一道物理难题；trytodosth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境，故B项正确。managetodosth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，与语境不符。]9．A.studied B．learnedC．discussed D．searchedA[依据该句中的“Hehad__9__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays”可知，他从多个角度探讨(studied)和分析了这个难题。]10．A.used B．oughtC．seemed D．hadC[依据该句中的“butthere__10__tobenowayof__11__outtheanswer”可知，似乎没有方法弄清答案。seem意为“似乎，似乎”符合语境，故C项正确。]11．A.bringing B．findingC．turning D．lettingB[参见上题解析。findout“弄清，查明”；bringout“使表现出”；turnout“结果是，证明是”；letout“突然，发出”。]12．A.gave B．satC．woke D．gotC[依据前一句“Thenonen