2024年中考英语二轮复习阅读理解基础优题10人教新目标版

PAGEPAGE12024年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（10）及答案【实战训练】A（2024中考训练题）DearMrScott,Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournext-doorneighbor,butIhavetoraiseathemethatitwillbeeasierformetodiscussinwriting.YoumayhavenoticedthatIhavealineofappletreesrunningalongthefence（栅栏）thatseparatesourtwogardens.Youmayalsohavefelthappywhenyouseeyourtwochildrensittingonyourgrassbythefence.Andyoumayalsohavenoticedthatmyappletreesbendoverthefenceandseemtolookdownatyourchildrenwithinterest.Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthatinterest.Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypickingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredofseeingyourchildren,dayafterday,destroythebranchesofeveryoneofmyappletrees.Anditseemsthatawarhasbeenfoughtononesideofmyappletrees.Besides,IammoretiredofwakinguponthesefineautumnmorningstofindeventheapplesonMYsideofthefencemuchlessinnumber.Iknowthistooistheworkofyourchildren,sincelastnightIwaswokenatmidnightbythenoisetheyweremakingwhenclimbingoneofmytrees,and(astheymayhavetoldyou)Idrovethemaway.Yourssincerely,BeckyAldrin1．Whatisthis?A．Acomplaintletter.B．Aninvitationletter.C．Athank-youletter.D．Arecommendationletter.2．Whichseasonwasit?A．Spring.B．Summer.C．Autumn.D．Winter.3．Whatdidthetwochildrendolastnight?A．Theysatonthegrass.B．Theyranalongthefence.C．Theydestroyedthebranches.D．Theyclimbedanappletree.4．HowwasBeckyAldrinwhenshewrotethisletter?A．Politebutserious.B．Surprisedbuthappy.C．Angryandrude.D．Tiredanduninterested.5．WhatdidBeckyAldrinwishMrScotttodonext?A．BekindtohisneighbourB．Makefriendswithhischildren.C．Haveatalkwithhischildren.D．Growappletreesinhisgarden.【解析】这篇短文是Becky写给Scott的一封信，他们两个是邻居，Becky沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是Scott先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告知Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。1．主旨大意题。这篇短文是BeckyAldrin写给Scott先生的一封信，依据信中Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredofseeingyourchildren,dayafterday,destroythebranchesofeveryoneofmyappletrees.…Besides,IammoretiredofwakinguponthesefineautumnmorningstofindeventheapplesonMYsideofthefencemuchlessinnumber.Iknowthistooistheworkofyourchildren可知，她是在向Scott先生埋怨，因为Scott先生家的孩子毁坏了她的苹果树，还偷她的苹果。因此这些一封埋怨信，故选A。2．推理推断题。依据短文中Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypickingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.可知，现在苹果树上已经结苹果了，因此应当是秋季。故选C。3．细微环节理解题。依据短文的最终sincelastnightIwaswokenatmidnightbythenoisetheyweremakingwhenclimbingoneofmytrees可知，昨天晚上，Scott先生家的两个孩子爬上了BeckyAldrin的一棵苹果树，由此可知应选D。4．推理推断题。从Becky写的这封信中的一些文字，如Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournext-doorneighbor,butIhaveto…、Itisonlynaturalthat…、Anditisquitelegal…、Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredof…等等，我们可以看到她写信的语气是很委婉、有礼貌的，但同时她也肃穆地提出了这个问题，故应选A，有礼貌但肃穆的。B是惊异的但快乐的；C是生气的、粗鲁的；D是累的、不感爱好的。5．推理推断题。这封信中Becky向Scott先生埋怨了他的孩子们的所作所为，她的目的应当是希望Scott先生能和他的孩子好好的谈一谈，不要再去破坏她的苹果树了。故应选C。点睛：这篇短文是Becky写给Scott的一封信，他们两个是邻居，Becky沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是Scott先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告知Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。文章内容贴近学生的日常生活，比较简单理解。对于这篇短文和题目来说，理解文意是次之，而最主要的是学生们在阅读的时候，能够读出作者的写作意图以及她的写作语气。后面的题目也考查了这一点，例如第4小题，问的就是Becky在写信时的感受，依据文意可知，虽然在信中Becky向Scott先生埋怨了他的孩子的不好的行为，但整篇文章Becky的语气都是很委婉的，如开头的这句话Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournext-doorneighbor,butIhaveto…以及文章中Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthatinterest.Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypickingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.这两句话站在对方的角度想问题，这些语言都让我们能够看出Becky是很礼貌、很仔细的讲解并描述问题，故应选A。【实战训练】B阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Doyouoftengivethankstoyourfamily,friends,teachersorotherpeople?Ifyoudon’t,youshouldstartdoingitnow.Accordingtoastudy,“givingthanks”isnotonlygoodforourmind,butalsogoodforourbody.“Givingthanks”topeopleshowsyouaregrateful(感谢的),friendlyandnice.Ithelpsyougetonwellwithyourfamilyandfriends.Itmakesyoulivehappily.“Ifthankfulnesswereakindofmedicine,itwouldbetheworld’sbestmedicine”.Ithelpsourorgans(器官)workbetter,”saysDrPMuraliDoraiswamyfromDukeUniversity.Thestudyhastwogroupsofstudents.Onegroupwrites“thank-you”letterstopeopletheyknow.Theothergroupdoesn'twriteletters.Thegroupthatwritesthelettersfindsthattheirlifeishappierthanbefore.Happylifeisveryimportanttohealth.Youwillsleepwellandworkwell.Andyouwon’tfallilleasily.Soshowyourthankstopeopleinwordsorinlettersfromtoday. 51.Givingthankstoothersis______forourmindandbody.A.friendly B.easy C.good D.bad52.Accordingtothepassage,ifweoftengivethankstootherswecan______.A.workwell B.livehappily C.sleepwell D.Allabove53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thegroupthatwrites“thank-you”lettersishappierthanbefore.B.“Givingthanks”willhelpyougetonwellwithothers.C.“Givingthanks”showsyouaregrateful.D.Youwillfallillwhenyougivethankstoyourfamily.参考答案51—53CDD【实战训练】CAgreenlifesometimesjustneedsagoodidealikesharingcars(拼车).Sharingcarsmeansyoucanuseacarbutyoudon’tneedtoownit.Nowtheideaofcarsharinghasbecomeanimportantwayofpeople’sgettingoutaroundtheworld.Asweknow,mostpeopleparktheircarsingarages（车库）formuchtime.Infact,wedriveourowncarsforaboutoneortwohoursaday.Whenwedon’tusethem,wehavetopayforparkingandotherthings.Thatcoststoomuchmoney.Butifweshareacar,we’llonlypaywhenweuseit.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearestartingtosharecars.InSwitzerland,almost40,000peoplehavejoinedit.Japanisalsotryingtomakeitpopulararoundthecountry.Carsharingisthebeginningofanewideaintransportation（交通）.Itisalsopossibleforustotraveleverywherewithoutbuyingacar.Doyoulovetoshareacarwithothers?54.Accordingtothepassage,carsharingmeans______.A.youcanbuyacarwithothers B.youcanuseacarwithoutbuyingitC.youcan’taffordacar D.youarenotabletodriveacar55.Theideaofcarsharingispopular______.A.onlyinChina B.onlyinSwitzerland C.onlyinJapan D.aroundtheworld56.Peoplelikesharingcarsbecause______.A.theyhavenogarages B.theydrivetheirowncartoooftenC.theydon’twanttoownacar D.theywanttosavemoney57.Fromthepassageweknow______.A.carsharingisanewwayofgettingoutB.peoplewon’tbuycarsanymoreC.fewerpeoplewillgotravelingD.peoplesharingcarshavenocarsathome参考答案54—57BDDA【实战训练】D隐形杀手——抑郁症Althoughweallwanthappinessandjoyeveryday,sometimeswestillfeelblue.Mostpeoplecancontrolthis,butsometimesitcangetworseandpeoplefallintodepression(抑郁).Thisyear,theWHOchose“depression”asthethemeofWorldHealthDay.Thisaimstoraisepeople'sawareness(意识)ofit.Accordingtoitsrecentreport,about322millionpeoplesuffereddepressionin2015.Thisismorethan4percentoftheworld'spopulation.Depressionisdescribedasamentaldisorder(精神疾病).Ithasseveralsymptoms(症状)likesadnessandlossofinterest.Inextremecases,depressionmayleadtosuicide(自杀)．Therearethreegroupsofpeoplethataremorelikelytodevelopdepression,accordingtoWHO.Oneisoldpeople,whileanotheriswomenwhoarepregnant(怀孕的)orhavejustgivenbirth.Andyoungpeoplearealsooneofthethreegroups.InChina,depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise,ZhuZhuohong,afamouspsychologyprofessortoldXinhua.Competitions,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressure.Luckily,effortsarebeingmadetosolvethisproblem.NowseveralsocialorganizationsinChinaaretryinghardtohelpthosewithdepression.WHOalsoheldthe“Depression:Let'stalk”campaignthismonth,aimingtomakesurethatpeoplewithdepressionseekandgethelp.1.Peoplewithdepressionevenwantto________．A.seekandgethelp B.havecompetitionsC.havepressure D.commitsuicide2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Depressionisamentaldisorder.B.Pregnantwomenaremorelikelytodevelopdepression.C.Peoplewithdepressioncannotgotowork.D.Depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise.3.Theunderlinedword“blue”inthepassagemeans“________”．A.thecolorofthesky B.sadandhopelessC.sadmusic D.badbehavior4.DepressionamongyoungpeopleinChinamaybecausedby________．A.pressure B.largepopulationC.sadness D.mentaldisorder5.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DepressionDevelopmentB.Depression—ASilentKillerC.EducationCompetitionsD.DepressionCampaign【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了抑郁症患者的数量、症状、患病人群及为了阻挡患抑郁症而实行的一些措施。1.D【解析】细微环节理解题。题干意为：精神抑郁的人甚至想去________。依据第三段最终一句中“...depressionmayleadtosuicide(自杀)．”可知“抑郁者有自杀倾向”，故选D。2.C【解析】推理推断题。题干意为：下列哪一个叙述是不正确的？A项：抑郁是一种精神疾病；B项：孕妇更可能患抑郁；C项：有抑郁的人不能去工作；D项：年轻人抑郁人数上升。A、B、D三项内容文中均有提到，是正确的。文中提到有部分人没有意识到自己患了抑郁，还有些学生由于教化的压力导致抑郁等，均说明抑郁的人是可以工作的，C项错误。故选C。3.B【解析】词义揣测题。题干意为：文中划线单词“blue”的意思是“________”。前句提示“happiness”和“joy”，后文转折，故可以推断是“sadandhopeless难受和无望”。故选B。4.A【解析】细微环节理解题。题干意为：在中国，青少年抑郁可能是由________引起。依据第五段最终一句“Competitions,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressure.”可知教化竞争的压力导致年轻人患上抑郁。故选A。5.B【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最佳的标题是什么？本文主要介绍抑郁对人们的危害。故B选项Depression—ASilentKiller“抑郁——缄默的杀手”符合题意，故选B。【实战训练】EIshookhandswithmyfatherinthetruck,andforalongtimehelookedstraightaheadanddidn'tsayaword.ButIknewhewasgoingtosayalittletome."Ican'ttellanything,"hefinallysaid."Ineverwenttocollege,andnoneofyourbrotherswenttocollege.Ican'tsaydon'tdothisanddothat,becauseeverythingisdifferentandIdon'tknowwhatisgoingtocomeup.Ican'thelpmuchwithmoneyeither,butIthinkthingswillworkout."Hegavemeanewcheck-book."Ifthingsgetpushing,writeasmallcheck.Butwhenyouwriteone,sendmealetterandletmeknowhowmuch.Therearesomethingswecanalwayssell."InfouryearsallthechecksIwrotewerelessthanathousanddollars.Mypart-timejobssuchasreadingtotheblindstudentandsittingwiththeteachers'kidsfilledinthefinancialgaps."Youknowwhatyouwanttobe,andthey'lltellyouwhattotake,"myfatherwenton."Whenyougetajob,besureit'shonest,andworkhard."IknewthatsoonIwouldbealoneinthebigtown,andIwouldbemissingthecoolwindsandalifewhereyourthinkingwasdoneforyou.Thenmydadreacheddownbesidehisseatandbroughttheold,brokenBiblethathehadreadsooften,theoneheusedwhenhewantedtolooksomethingupinafriendlyquarrelwithoneoftheneighbours.Iknewhewouldmissit.Iknew,though,thatImusttakeit.Hedidn'tsayreadthiseverymorning.Hejustsaid,"Thiscanhelpyouifyouwillletit."Didithelp?Igotthroughcollegewithoutbeingaburdenonthefamily.Ihavebeenab