职称英语资料大全我的全面你不懂

职称英语知识点讲解大全

一、职称英语报考指南1

二、职称英语考试技巧5

三、阅读练习68

一、职称英语报考指南

•报名时间

每年11月中下旬（双休日除外），逾期不再补报。

•考试时间

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试一般为每年4月的第二个

星期日举行

•考试级别/适用范围

以下是全国职称外语等级考试级别划分及适用范围，请大家根据

自己的职称英语要求选择报考。

考试等级申报职称职称系列A级B级C级

高校教师教授、副教授讲师

自然科学研究与社会科学研究研究员、副研究员助理研究员社会

科学研究（研究员、副研究员第二外语）

卫生技术（医、药、护、技）主任医（药、护、技）师副主任医（药、

护、技）师⑴主治（管）医（药、护、技）师⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作

的人员申报正、副主任医（药、护、技）师，在县及县以下所属单位

工作的人员申报主治（管）医（药、护、技）师。

工程技术高级工程师（含教授级高级工程师）⑴工程师⑵在县

及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报高级工程师（含教授级高级工程

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师）⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报工程师。

农业技术农业技术推广研究员高级农艺师农艺师

实验技术高级实验师实验师

中学教师中学高级教师

中等专业学校教师高级讲师讲师

技工学校教师高级讲师（高级实习指导教师）讲师

经济专业高级国际商务师高级经济师国际商务师经济师助理

国际商务师

会计专业高级会计师会计师

统计专业高级统计师统计师

审计专业高级审计师审计师

体育教练员国家级教练高级教练一级教练

工艺美术专业高级工艺美术师工艺美术师

翻译专业译审、副译审（第二外语）翻译（第二外语）

播音专业播音指导主任播音员一级播音员

新闻专业高级记者（高级编辑）主任记者（主任编辑）记者（编辑）

艺术（广播电视艺术）艺术一级艺术二级、主任舞台技师艺术三

级、舞台技师

出版专业编审副编审编辑（一级校对•）

文博专业、图书资料专业、档案专业研究馆员副研究馆员馆员

公证员一级公证员二级公证员三级公证员

律师一级律师二级律师三级律师

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•报考类别的选择

综合类，理工类，卫生类考试原则上没有严格的界限。综合类文

章可以考到理工类去，理工类可以考到卫生类和综合类。三类考试之

间没有严格界限区分。国家在每位考生评定职称的时候，到底要求是

理工类成绩，卫生类成绩，基本上国家还没有明确规定。假如你评定

主任医师，卫生类职称，你可以考综合类，也可以考卫生类。严格意

义上没有很严格的要求。到底决定报综合类，理工类，还是卫生类，

有两个依据。首先问一下自己单位的人，要评定职称要报什么类比较

合适。如果单位没有明确要求和规定的话，可以根据自己的现实情况

选择，如果工作中接触的文章都是理工类的文章，那就报理工类。假

如接触的文章是社会类文章，那就报综合类。

•免考规定

取得外语（从事翻译工作人员及外语教师第二外语）专业专科及以

上学历的人员申报中、高级职称评审;获得博士学位申报高级（含正高

级）职称评审;获得硕士学位申报中级职称评审;留学回国人员首次参

加职称评审；申报副高级职称评审时已取得职称外语合格证书（含

1977年底前参加工作人员外语成绩达到45分）的人员申报正高级职

称评审;参加《全国工商企业出国培训备选人员外语考试》，通过中（I）

级者申报中级职称评审，通过高（A）级者申报高级职称评审等五类考

生可免职称外语等级考试。

凡参加国家人事部和北京市人事局组织的各类专业技术资格考

试和职（执）业资格考试取得资格证书的人员，聘用单位可根据岗位需

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要自主决定对应聘人员的外语水平要求。凡实行考评结合的系列（专

业）及体育教练员、工艺美术、广播电视艺术、技校高级实习指导教

师系列（专业），外语考试成绩可不作为申报条件，其合格成绩或当年

考试成绩作为职称评审的要素之一。

•注意事项

为了保证报考信息的准确采集和处理，报考人员在报名和考试时

要注意以下事项：

1、根据各省市人事厅（局）考试中心发布的报名程序和要求，到指

定的报名点领取报名表。如果规定实行光电阅读器-计算机自动采集

报名信息，还要领取报名信息卡和《报考手册》。由单位集体组织报

名的，应按本人所在单位规定的具体程序报考。

2、如实、准确、工整地填写报名表中的各有关项目，并由所在

单位加盖公章。使用报名信息卡的，除按要求填写报名表外，还应严

格按照《报考手册》中规定的填涂工具和填涂要求，认真、准确添涂

好报名信息卡。报名表和报名信息卡填好后，应认真检查，确保报名

的填写和报名信息卡的填涂准确无误。

3、携带报名表、报名信息卡、照片、身份证和其它所需证件到报名

点办理报名手续，报名点发给每一报考人员一个报名序号，该报名序

号应保存好，以备后用。

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二、职称英语考试技巧

给大家说说关心的“字典”问题：

针对职称英语考试中的第一部分词汇题，我建议大家带一本同义

词词典(双解词典)，这类词典的特点是用几个同义词注解某一英文

单词，大家可以非常方便地在注解中找到答案。

有了字典，又该如何查呢？我经常听到有学员在答疑室中说：某

某单词在字典里查不到，其实不是字典里没有，而是他们不会查，最

常见到的情况有两种：

第一种：分不清单词词性；如：

1.Beforeleavingthehouse,sheclosedthewindows.

2.Sheisdosetosuccess.

两句话里都有close,但是词性不同，第一句话里的是动词，因为有

形式上的变化(-ed)；而第二句话里的close跟在is的后面，而且形

式上没有变化，因此判断为形容词。当寻找他们的同义词时一，应针对

不同的词性加以判断。这一点对于大家来说非常重要！

第二中：分不清划线单词是原形，现在分词或过去式：

如：Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.(P602)

advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised

如果去字典里查urged,当然是查不到的。

Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.(P461)

postedB.SentC.handedD.Given

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接下来，我们一起练几题，大家可以八仙过海各显神通，看谁做得又

快又!

1.Practicallvallanimalscommunicatethroughsounds.

A.ClearlyB.AlmostC.AbsolutelyD.Basically

2.Thestorywasverytouching.

A.InspiringB.BoringC.MovingD.absorbing

Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly.

A.SpreadB.MixedC.BeatenD.covered

4.1won'ttoleratethatkindofbehaviour.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take

5.Theindexisthegovernment'schiefgaugeoffutureeconomic

activity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner

阅读理解常用提问方式

1.有关主旨题的提问方式:

1）Themain（主要的）idea（思想,主意）ofthispassage（文章）is...

2）Whichofthefollowing（下列的）statements（句子）bestexpresses

（表达）themainideaofthepassage?

3）Thepassagemainlydiscusses（讨论）...

4）Thispassagemainlydealswith（涉及）...

5）Theauthor/spurpose（意图）inwritingthispassageis...

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6)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.有关细节题的提问方式：

1)Somepeopledosth.because?

2)Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

3)What...?Which...?Who(Whom)...?When(Whattime)...

4)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueexcept...?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentioned?

Whichofthefollowingismentioned?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.有关词语释义题的提问方式：

1)Thewordline(行)...refersto(指)...

2)Inparagraph4,"it"referto(means)

4.有关推理判断题的提问方式：

1)Itcanbeinferred(推断)fromthepassagethat

2)Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?

3)Itcanbeconcluded(结论)fromthepassagethat

5.有关作者观点意图题的提问方式：

1)Theauthor'smain(主要的)purpose(BtKl)inthispassageis

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2)Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageis

3)Inthispassagetheauthor/sattitude(看法)couldbest..

4)Theauthor'smainthought(思想)isthat...

众所周知，阅读理解题的成败关乎到考试能否及格，所以一定要

掌握好的解题方法，在大家词汇量都不是很多的情况下，方法就显得

极其重要！

阅读理解例题：

例一：

LightNight,DarkStars

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheir

nightsky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallights

toblocktheview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,says

DennisWard,anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationfor

AtmosphericResearch(UCAR)ir)Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeopleare

surroundedbycitylights,hesays,they/reluckytosee150stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglow

fromagreatdistance,you/vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhen

lightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreams

intospaceandilluminatesthenightsky.Thishazeoflightmakesmany

starsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYork

glowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficulto

8

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsen

theeffectsotlightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollution

thananother,“Wardsays,“thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflight

pollutiononamuchgreaterscale."

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodo

theirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtile

faintlightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatethese

objects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

6.Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It'sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooff

course”.There'sincreasingevidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirds

usesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreaus

Jr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlight

occursatnight/hesays,“ithasaverydisruptiveinfluence."Sometimes

birdsflyintolightedtowers,highrises,andcablesfromradioand

televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethisway

everyyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.

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BWhentheyareinalargecity.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsand

buildinglights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthe

night.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair.

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers7work?Why

doeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

starso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclear

night

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOT

correct?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

io

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitlewLightNight,

DarkStars”?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解标题，推测文章内容：没有生词,

LightNight,DarkStarso

明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看题目，还不易推测出文章的主要内

容，因此，要快速浏览全文，看能否找到出现频率较高的词或短语，

它们有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我用黑线标出了出现频率最

多的短语：lightpollution.所以可以推测文章的内容和光污染有关。

接下来判断所给5题的题型，我们发现1至4都是细节题，因此

只需要找到关键词逐一回答即可。而第5题是主旨题，而且是最后一

题，所以要等文章读完后最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope当他们有一个非常不错的望

远镜.

BWhentheyareinalargecity当他们在大城市时.

li

CWhenthenightskvisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights

当夜空中没有云、月光和人造灯光时.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog当夜空没有阴霾和大雾

时.

分析：关键词很容易找14000stars,在第一段出现了该词：

Thousandsofpeople（数以千计的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）

stepoutside（走出去）togazeat（凝视）theirnightsky.Onaclear

（晴朗的）night,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificial（人造的）

lightstoblock（遮挡、挡住）theview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000

starsintheskv（答案C）,saysDennisWard,anastronomer（天文学家）

withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）in

Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded（被。。包围）bycity

lights,hesays,they/reluckytosee150stars.

补充：请注意短语：beclearofsth:无阻碍、障碍、危险

如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing”等到路上没车

时再过马路。）

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements（叙述）isNOTrelatedto同。。有

关）lightpollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsand

buildinglightsC阴霾的光是由人造光而形成的,如路灯和建筑物的光）.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

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illuminatethenightsky来自于不同来源的光进入太空并照亮了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthe

night夜空由晚上大城市发出的光照亮.

DStargazing（star+gazing观望星.星）becomesdifficultbecausethere

isalayerofhazeintheair由于空气中有一层霾，所以观望星星变得困

难.

分析：本题的关键词是lightpollution,而且按照题目的题号应该在文

章的前面，所以从第二段找找看：

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfroma

）

greatdistance（答案C£you/vewitnessed（见证、目睹）light

pollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,

andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky（答案

A,B表述）.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleon

Earth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,

makingstargazingdifficult（请注意这句话并不是答案D,他们不同，

该句是说：甚至在晚上，许多像纽约这样的大城市所产生的灯光使观

望星星变得困难。）所以，D的表述同光污染没有关联。

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers/work?Why

doeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbvlights因为曾

经黑暗的乡村地区被光污染了.

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BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

stars因为乡村地区不是一个好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclear

night

分析：题目是说：不断扩大的城市会影响天文学家的工作吗？为什么

他会这样认为？

在A答案中我们可以看到线索词：polluted和lights.所以，根据阅读

的规律，只要和线索词有关的答案，多半就是最终答案。如果大家想

检查答案是否正确的话，也可以带着关键词astronomers去找答案：

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheir

jobs.

通过对句子的分析，排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下来的段落中可

以对答案加以判断：

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasingly

obscuring（使。。。变得模糊）thefaint（微弱的）lightgivenoffbydistant

stars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate（确定。。。的位置）theseobjects,

theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

总结：做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词，只要被

选项中有核心内容的出现就可以推测为正确答案！

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOT

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correct?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights

由于受到人造光的吸引，动物们可能偏离航向.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbvartificiallightstogointocities.

动物们可能会受到人造光的吸引而进入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

夜间的人造光可能会使迁徙的鸟类们迷路

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引，鸟类飞进有光的建筑物里。

分析：题目是说：光污染是如何影响野生动物？下列哪个说法不正

确？

关键词就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到内容：

Lightpollutiondoesn/tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It/sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooff

course"（答案A）.There/sincreasingevidence.Forexample,that

migratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,says

SydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,“hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive

（破坏性的）influence（答案C）."Sometimesbirdsflvintolighted

towers（答案D）,highrises,andcablesfromradioandtelevision

towers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

所以，答案B并未提到。

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5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest（最接近的）inmeaning（意思）tothe

title"LightNight,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是浅色的而星星

是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光显现在夜晚而在黑暗中人们看见星星.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskvandmakestarsinvisible

城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的灯光照亮了天空中的星星。

分析：本题是唯一的一道主旨题，所以需要纵观全文。通过我们对前

4题的解答，完全可以判断出文章的主题就是说：由于不断扩大的城

市，越来越多的城市灯光，已经成为一种污染，使得天空中的星星黯

然失色，所以答案就是C。

例二：

DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.Australia/sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahas

reported.Newfiguresshowthatonly13percentofhighschool

graduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfourdecadesago,40

percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

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2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheir

career.ShebelievesthatAustralia/seconomicboom,whichisdrivenby

red-hotdemandforitsminerals,ishelpingmaskseriousdeficienciesin

itslanguageskills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofits

tradingpartners.Butastheworld'seconomicpowershiftstoemerging

regionssuchasAsia,itslanguagegapcouldsoonbeexposed.According

tothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percentofhighschoolgraduatesare

proficientinanAsianlanguage.Academicsworrythatthismeans

Australiawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromitseconomicallyimportant

Asianneighbors.DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyat

SydneyUniversity,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities.

IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisveryimportantfor

themtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertothe

culture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearning

PippaMcCowage,a22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoung

Australianshaveahalf-heartedapproachtoforeignlanguages,andthe

languagecurriculumisoftenweak."Whilewe'reencouragedinhigh

schooltolearnanotherlanguage,it'snotreallyapparenttomeasa

realisticexpectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,“saidMcCowage."For

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example,IlearnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwentonanexchange

inYear10,IfoundthattheJapanesestudentsofmyagehadamuch

greaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidinJapanese.Sointhatsense,it

almostdiscouragesyou.

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia/smajorexportsgotoAsia

andtheAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser

economicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.Academicssaythat,asAsia

becomesoneoftheworld'seconomicpowerhouses,Australianeedsto

improveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusiness

opportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeign

languagesfortyyearsago?

A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

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C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedin

strengtheningtieswithAsia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia/smajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternational

affairs.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)department.

解题目：Declining衰退的Interest兴趣inDeveloping发展、开

发ForeignLanguage外语Skills技能,所以串在一起可以将之理

解成：逐渐丧失提高外语技能的兴趣。通过理解题目，我们可以推测

一下,在文章中foreignlanguages和declininginterest应是核心词。

接下来，来看5道题的题目，对出题方式加以判断：1,3,4都是细

节题，而2题是推断题；5题是词语释义题。针对不同出题方式的题

目要以不同的方法加以应对。

1.Howmuchpercent百分数ofhighschoolgraduates(高中毕业生)

wereproficient(精通的)inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago(40

19

年前）？

A）70.B）13.C）40.D）6.5.

分析：这是细节题,关键词：highschoolgraduates,fortyyearsagoo

位于第一题的位置，所以答案应该来源于第一段：

Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahas

reported.Newfigures（数字）showthatonly13percentofhigh

schoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfour

decades（一个decade是10年）ago（40年前）,40percenthadforeign

languageskills（答案的出处）.

2.Whatcanbeinferred（推测出）fromparagraph2?

A）Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.（澳大禾tl亚有丰富的矿

藏）

B）Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C）AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D）Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

分析：题目中有infer,所以该题是推断题。因此，需要读第二段，

寻找核心内容，主要是要找到关键句：

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheir

career.ShebelievesthatAustralia'seconomicboom（经济的繁荣）,

whichisdriven（受至!j驱动）byred-hot（非常有活力的）demand（要

20

求）foritsminerals物（核心'词），ishelpingmask掩盖serious

deficiencies不足initslanguageskills.

注意：一般发现A、B、C、D四个选项中，哪个选项出现中心词，一

般该选项就是正确答案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析：这是一道标准的细节题，中心词就是：DilipDuttao带着它，

我们可以在第三段里搜索到相关的语句：

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydney

University,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D

出处！）.IFAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisvery

importantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtoget

closertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亚政府）beenkeenly

（强烈地）interestedinstrengthening（加强）ties（联系）withAsia

（亚洲）？

A）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

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B）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsg。

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternational

affairs.

分析：从题目的类型来说，一定是细节题，找到核心词：Australian

government,keenlyinterestedin,tieswithAsia。我们会发现核心词

没有出现在第四段中，而在最后一段中出现了：

Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexports（主要的出口货

物）gotoAsiaand（该词相当于so,因果关系连词）theAustralian

governmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser（亲密的）economic

（经济的）anddiplomatic（夕卜交的）tieswithAsia（答案出处）.

Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld/seconomic

powerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitis

totakefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college学院.B）institute学会、研究所

C）university大学.D）department系.

分析：这是一道词语释义题。大家可以查字典，也可以根据单词出现

的前后文来判断:DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics（经济学）and

business（贸易）facultyatSydneyUniversity,□□。因为后面有…university,

因此自然想到是大学里的“系、

22

例三:

OlderVolcanicEruptions

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausethey

werebigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlife

greaterease.

2.PaulWignailfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelink

betweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcanic

eruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctions

overthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsof

volcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptions

were,themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe

“killingefficiency'7forthesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionof

lifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.Hefound

thatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveat

wipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250million

yearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveran

arearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughtto

havepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.The

globalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegenera

atthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60

23

millionyearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivity

andglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappear

butthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears.MThemost

recentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,“Wignallsays.Heignoredthe

extinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,because

manyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofan

asteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecause

morerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwithincreased

levelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,

saysthatWignalKsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardto

dothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerof

volcaniceruptionsdependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossible

totellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.

Healsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoric

volcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarily

correspondtocarbondioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecent

ones?

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

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D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignailcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcanic

eruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflava

produced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A)300millionyearsago.

B)250millionyearsago.

C)60millionyearsago.

D)65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.

B)Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A)Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B)Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C)Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

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D)Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

解标题：OlderVolcanic（火山的）Eruptions（喷发）

本文讲的是远古火山喷发，所以oldervolcaniceruptions应是核心词。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecent

ones?（为什么远古火山喷发比近期喷发损害更大？）

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析：细节题。第一题，一般在开头段落寻找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破坏'性的）inancienthistory

（在古代的劳历史中），notbecause（不是因为）theywerebigger,but

because（而是因为）thecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他

们所释放的，定语修饰前面的thecarbondioxide）wipedout擦去、

抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.

句子是说：古代的火山更具杀伤力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它

们释放出来的二氧化碳更容易把人杀死。所以答案A表述的内容同本

段相符。

2.How（如何，询问方式）didWignailcalculate（计算）thekillingpower

26

（杀伤力）ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通过估计他们持续多长时间。

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通过数死去的恐龙的的数量

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.通过研究熔岩的化学构

成。

D.Bvcomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolu