2023-2024学年江苏省苏州市高一下学期期中考英语试题及答案

苏州市高一期中调研试卷英语2024.04注意事项：1．本试卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。2．答卷前，学生务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号等相关信息填写在答题卡上规定的地方。3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的BC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在调研卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatkindoffruitdoeslikebest?A.Oranges.Pears.Bananas.2.Wheredidtheworkbefore?A.aInanoffice.arestaurant.3.HowlonghavethespeakersbeenA.30minutes.60minutes.90minutes.4.Whatthedothisafternoon?A.Gothepark.pictures.aclass.5.Whydoestheaskforleave?A.HeseriouslyHelikesrestathome.试卷第1页，共14页Hehaslookafterhis第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5B、C每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.AtaAtanoffice.Athome.7.Whatdidthedotoday?A.HeattendedajobHewroteanarticle.Heengineers.听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。8.WhatattractswatchHeartlandprobably?A.Thefamousactors.TheexcitingThepeacefullifestyle.9.Whatdoesthinkofhisgrandparents’life?A.tough.simple.boring.10.Wheredoesthelive?A.theOnafarm.Inthecountryside.听第8段材料，回答第至13小题。Howlonghasthebeencollege?A.lessthanoneaboutyears.almostthreeyears.12.Whatdoesthewantstudynow?A.13.Howdoestheprobablyfeeltheend?A.Medicine.试卷第2页，共14页听第9段材料，回答第14至16小题。14.Wherethefrom?A.Singapore.China.America.15.Whatthegoodat?A.Swimming.Skiing.Skating.16.Whattheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.Strangers.Friends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20小题。17.Whatthespeakerprobably?A.AAAn18.Whathappenswhenignoreyourbasicneeds?A.healthimproves.refreshes.bodysuffers.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakerpeople?A.careofthemselves.Givingothers.Goingona20.Whatthemainlyabout?A.Importanceofself-care.ofimprovinghealth.Experienceofthe第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（、、C和）中，选出最佳选项。AExplorepartsunknownsouthernbeachesattracttravelersworldwide,butexploretheSoutheastAsianBanKrutforbeachfans试卷第3页，共14页InBanKrut,travelersfindoneofthecleanestandquietestwhitesandybeacheswithindrivingdistanceofthecapital,Bangkok.Thissleepyseasideknownmostlybylocals,afive-hourorsix-hourtraindowntheGulfofThailand.missthegreataBuddhistlocatedonThongChaiMountain.LopburiforhistoryloversLopburi,oneofoldestcities,hometemplesandtheuncrowdedruinsofKingPalace,whichwasbuiltthe1600s.alsoknownforthethatgatheratPhraPrangtemplethecenteroftown.Atip:asafedistancefromthemonkeysandhideanythingwantthemsteal.Cave(洞穴)forholidayhikersHikingtrails,wetlandsandforestsRoiNationalaweekendadventureworthyoftoppingyourThailandThecrownjeweltheamazingNakhonCave.OutdoorsytravelerscanaparkorchoosebetterroomsthenearbytouristtownofHuaHin.Carrentalcostsabout$20perandaninternationaldriver’srequired.canalsohireadriveratmostmajorcarrentalcompanies,bookaorexplorebytrain.1WhatdoweknowaboutBanKrut?AItacrowdedtouristdestination.．wherelocated.．thecleanestandquietestbeach.DItknownthepeoplenationwide.2WhathappenclosemonkeysLopburi?ATheystareat．Theysuddenlyhidethemselves.．Theyafriendlywave.DTheyawayyourbelongings.3Whichofthefollowingbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyadventures?ATheThongChaiMountain.．ThetouristtownofHuaHin.．ThePhraPrangtemple.试卷第4页，共14页DKhaoRoiNationalPark.BFromthedesertsofSouthernCaliforniatheforestsofAlaska,theU.possessesadiversity(多样性)ofnature.mostofherlife,JoyneversawthescenerybeyondherhomestateofOhio.Then,whenshewashermid-eighties,hergrandsonBraddecidedheronajourneyalloftheU.NationalParks,whichtookeightyearscomplete.Attheof93,GrandmaJoyhasfinallyseenall63parks,endingherjourneytheNationalofAmericanSamoa.“WhenIlearnedshehadneverseenthegreatwildernessesofAmerica-deserts,mountains,oceans,Idecidedintervene(干预)Bradsays.ThisideainspiredtheirfirsttheGreatMountains.oncetheywereontheroad,Bradrealizedthattheycouldvisitmoreparksthatweretheyears,theymanagedseeallofthefamousattheGrandCanyon,theRedwoods,andsoon.ButBradvaluesthespenthisgrandmotherjustasastheamazingplacestheywereablevisit.DespiteGrandmaolderage,shewasablemountains.Bradregardsherforasthehergoodhealth.gratefulforeachnewdayandalwaysexcitedforthenexttheirlongjourneyacrosstheanendAmericanSamoa.amthankfuleverymorningforgivingmeanotherGrandmaJoyshares.“Andyou’reyourchoicewhetheryou’regoinghavearainydayorasunnysmileatandleteverybodyknowyou’rehavingawhaleofatime.”hertouroftheU.hasaclose,sheandhergrandsonarenotdonetraveling.up,theyhavetheirsightssetonKenya.4WhydidBraddecideinterveneAcelebrateGrandma93rd．completeataskhepromisedGrandma．enrichGrandmatravellingexperiences.DrealizeGrandmadreamofvisitingparks.5Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheirtoureyes?Aandchallenging.．Stressfulbuteye-opening.buteducational.DAmazingandworthwhile.试卷第5页，共14页6WhichfactormainlycontributesGrandmagoodhealth?AHerinspiration.．Herregularexercise.Herpositiveattitude.DHeradventurousspirit.7Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ACurious,．theBestMedicineNevertootheRoadDContributesLongCSomeofuslikekeepthingsprivate—maybewewantpeopleknowingaboutourrelationship,ourorwherewelive—becausethesedetailsarepersonal.Theproblemis,everywhereweonline,weseemleaveadigitalfootprint.Onoursocialmediaaccounts,weoftenpresentthingslikeouropinions,connectionsandholidayphotos.Theissueis,howdowestopeverybodyseeingeverything?wewantastrangerknowingourfavouriteofAndcookies—therewasatheywerejustsomethingniceeat.Nowtheyseemappearunexpectedlyonwebsites.howcanstaymoreprivate?Therearestepscantake.First,onyoursocialaccounts,checkyourprivacysettings.Manysocialsitesalloweverythingbeseenbydefault(默认),andtheresponsibilityonsetyourboundaries.Andlimitingtheamountshareonlyconfined(局限于)socialmedia.Therearemanysitesouttherethathelpsharedocuments—soagoodbenotputanythingtooprivate,passwords,onthere.Onecarelessclickmaysendthewrongperson.cookiesaredesignedimproveyoursurfingexperiencebytrackingandsavinginformationaboutyourvisitsasite,helpingpersonaliseyoursessions.Deleting(删除)yourusinghistorymayhelp,buttherearecertainappswhichcanblockthemfeelcomfortable.wantmaintainyourprivacyonline,maybeonlysharethingsyou’dbehappyastrangerseeing—andfeelcomfortablecookies,decideapplytechblockIfnotenough,justacceptthemandvisitanother—andwhynothaveayummycookieeatinstead?试卷第6页，共14页8Whatthearticleat?ARemindingupdateinformation.．Advisingmaintainprivacyonline.．Encouragingliveasimpledigitallife.Ddeletesocialmediaaccounts.9Whyimportantcheckprivacysettingsonsocialmediaaccounts?Aincreasethenumberoffollowers.．blockallthecookiesfromtracking.．theamountofinformationshared.Dpreventstrangersfromviewingusing．Whichstepdoestheauthorsuggestreadersstaymoreprivate?ADisablesocialmediasites.．Sharepasswordsfamiliarones.．documentsonpublicsites.DUsesuitableappsblockcookies.．Whatthelastparagraphmainlyabout?AConcernsforpersonalRecommendationofprivateapps.DApplicationoftechnologies.．SuggestionsforprotectingDItawell-knownfactthatnotallanimalshavetheabilityinstantlyrecognizethemselvestheafewanimalscanrecognizethemselves,suchasdolphins,Asianelephants,andofcoursehumans!Aspeciesoffishtheabilityrecognizeitselfthemirrorcommonlyknownasthecleanerfish.FoundtheIndianOceanandthePacificOcean,cleanerfishas“cleaningstations”forotherfish(knownashosts).They“clean”thedeadskinandparasites(寄生虫)fromotherfish.Thisofbenefitforcleanerfish,whichameal,aswellasfortheotherfishspecies,whicharefreedfromparasites.Suchaofrelationshipknownasmutualism.agroupofscientistsJapanfoundthatcleanerfishhavetheabilityidentify(识别)themselvesphotographs!Itwasalreadyknownthatcleanerfishcouldrecognize试卷第7页，共14页themselvesmirrorsandwouldattackunknowncleanerfish.theteamwantedtestwhetherthewasseenthecaseofphotosaswell.Thus,theteamofscientistsshowedfourtypesofphotosthecleanerfish.Thefirstwasaphotoofthemselves,whilethesecondinvolvedanunknowncleanerfish.ThethirdofpicturewasaphotoofanunknowncleanerfishtheownfaceeditedontoThefourthofphotoincludedownbodybutthefaceofanunknowncleanerfish.Theyfoundthatcleanerfishattackedonlythosephotographswhichdidnothavetheirownfaces.Thisresultwassimilartheabilityofhumansrecognizeeachotherbasedontheirfacesandnotbytheirbodies.Thisstudysuggeststhatself-awarenessmaybefarmorewidespreadamonganimalsthanscientistsoncethought.Peoplebesurprisedthatfishcouldhaveasenseofselfgiventhattheyhavealreadybeenshownhavecomplexbehaviorincludingtooluseandplanning.．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mutualism”probablyparagraph2?AAhost-parasiterelationship.Amaster-servantrelationship.DBeneficialcleaning．Dependenceoneach．Whatthenewfindingaboutcleanerfish?ATheycanidentifythemselvesthe．Theycanrecognizethemselvestheimages.．Theyhavethesenseofselfashumans.DTheyhaveabettersenseofselfthananimals.．Whichtypesofphotoswouldcleanerfishprobablyattack?AThefirstandsecondtypes.．Thefirstandthirdtypes.Thesecondandfourthtypes.DThesecondandthirdtypes.．Whattheattitudetowardthestudy?A．Doubtful.Supportive.D．Unconcerned.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humiliation(蒙羞).Manyofushaveexperiencedthatfearfulfeelingofjustwantingthe试卷第8页，共14页groundopenupanddown,right?moveonfrom16Butwhathumiliation,andhowcanweHumiliationquiteoftencomparedthefeelingofshame.Shamemoreofaprivatefeelingofregretandwhichresultsfromhavingsaidordonesomethingwrongorstupid.example,agoodpersonfeel‘shameful’forspeakingordoingsomethingafriend.17thecaseofhumiliationdiffers.Itdescribedasastrongfeelingthatcomeslossofself-respect.Imagineyourworkmatesshockbyunfairlycallingoutonyourworkduringameetingyourboss.Oryourfriendmaylookdownuponbyquestioningyourknowledgeahobbyorinterestfrontofyourotherfriends.18howcandealAccordingpsychologistRobertJ.thereareafewstepscantake.First,acceptthehumiliationandrealizeyou’renottheonlyonewhohasfeltlikethis.—oftenhumiliationpersonal.resilience(恢复力)seemsbeextremelyimportant.Somepeoplekillonlymakesstronger”.20Whynotusethedisadvantageas19Also,immediatelyandbackfor‘round2’motivation(动力)becomeabetterworkerorlearnaboutthathobbyorinterest?Itcouldbeanopportunitystartspendingmoredoingsomethinglove.Thatwaymayhaveanunexpectedbenefit.Ahumiliationprobablykillyou,canhurt.．occurswhensomeonedecidesusfeelsmall.．makesthatpersonfeelbadandregretfulofhisDTherefore,talkotherswhohaveexperiencedandmoveon.．Thus,thisarticlehelpsunderstandthispainfulprivatefeeling.．Thepresenceofothersthefactor—apublicdressing-down.Gthechallengeknownthepublicandback.第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（、B、C和）中，选出可以试卷第9页，共14页填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavealwaysenjoyedcoldclimatesandconnectingtheenvironment.InNovember2023,IjoinedtheUKAntarcticHeritage(英国南极遗产信托基金会),thecharitythatlooksafterBritishheritageAntarctica,astheirsortingthelettersthataresenthere,thesouthernmostposttheworld.observetheenvironmentandmyneighbours,thepenguins(企鹅).ofusnowsharetheisland1,000penguins,whoofcoursearegivenTheyhavetheirownpathswalkdowntheshore(岸边)andweusedslowingdown,alwayskeepingour,andwaitingforthempass.Everydayswe.I’mresponsiblefor,I.thenestsandeggs,andsendthatinformationBritishAntarcticWhenwearrivedherethebasehadbeenshutforwhenwetheship,wedugthroughsnowforhoursbeforewecouldopenthefrontourlivesheretakesalotofasnorunningnoshowers,andtherealotofsnowAsa.20,000letterssoincludingpostcardsfromstamp.Theyrequestparticularpostmarksorstamps,andcanbeaboutwheretheywantthemplaced.Onourdaysweenjoygoingonlongwalksaroundtheisland,takingforallthethings,suchasslightchangestheweatherandtinygreenplants.SometimesIsimplybylookingatthesunreflectedthefeel．Areporter．postmasterresearcherInadditioncontrolofpreferencewordD．explorerD．InsummaryD．holdofD．treatmentD．distanceD．replace．AInotherwords．turn．Akeeptrackof．guardagainst．Aduties．Asecrets．Aclean．Aso．supplies．balance．remove．butcountbecauseD．or．Aeasily．breathlesslyunwillinglyEscapingdisappearingD．separatelyD．EnrichingD．digging．ADiscovering．Maintaining．Afighting．remaining试卷第10页，共14页．Aprocessed．Acollectors．Ahesitant．Asmall．written．sellers．curious．obvious．toucheddeliveredbuyersD．collectedD．makersanxiouspowerfulconfusedD．specificD．importantD．surprised．Aworried第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。thanabillionmeals36(throw)awayeverydespitemorethan730mpeoplelivinghungeraroundtheworld.Abouta37(five)offoodaroundtheworldwasted,andoneimportantreasonthatpeoplehavenoaccess38refrigerationorstorage,accordingtheUNFoodIndexReport.Notonlythisawasteofnaturalresources,alsoa39(account)forclose10%ofglobal(contribute)theclimatecrisis(危机),greenhouseemissions(排放).40countrieshaveplansplacereducefoodwaste,andfail(include)theirplansforreducingcarbonemissions.41Moon,chiefexecutiveoftheGlobalFoodBankingNetwork,calledonfoodproducerswork42(close)foodbanksthanbefore.“Foodbanking43uniquemodelreducingfoodlossandwaste,asnotonlyrescuesfood,butalsomakessurethatfoodendsuponthetablesofpeople44(face)foodinsecurity(不安全).”IntheUK,thegovernmenthasannounced£295moffundingweeklycollectionsoffoodwaste,sothatpeoplecanseeclearlyhowmuchofwasted.45theybuybeing第三节单词填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列各句，根据汉语或首字母，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。．Astheclassroomfellsilent,thephysicsteachergaveanexactd(根据首字母单词拼写)oftheexperiment.Pleasehandtheapplicationformpersonbeforeunlessostated.(根试卷第页，共页据首字母单词拼写)．Fooddserviceshavebecomeincreasinglypopularrecentyearsduetheirconvenienceandwidevarietyofchoices.(根据首字母单词拼写)Afterbeingrfromtheburningbuilding,wasrushedthehospitalandreceivedtimelytreatment.根据首字母单词拼写)．Thehappiestarenotthosewhoownallthebestthings,butthosewhocanabeautyoflife.(根据首字母单词拼写)the．Thephotooftheirbaseballteamwinningthefirstplacehasofexcitementandpride.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)(唤醒)feelingsThedetailsofthestory提示单词拼写)(透露)bythelocalpaperturnedoutbeuntrue.(根据汉语Studentsoftenseekoutmethodsofrelaxation,汉语提示单词拼写)(缓解)theiracademicstress.((奖牌)theAsianGamescheeredallthe(正式地)openthepublicnext．ThenewsthattheathleteswonChineseup.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)．Ithasbeenconfirmedthatthelibrarybe(根据汉语提示单词拼写)第四部分写作（共两节，满分30分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）joinforcesprotectour_________”进行投稿。内容包括：1.分析保护的必要性；2.提出保护措施。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。joinforcesprotectour_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________试卷第12页，共14页___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写（满分15分）．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iwassurprisedfindthatthebusylinesoutsideprimaryschoolhadremarkablydisappeared—Ieasilyfoundaparkingspaceand,foronce,Iwasontime.Theschoolbellrang,andagroupofchildrenmerrilytheirwaythroughthegate.somethingwasdifferent—thechildrenwereallsqueezing(挤进)intocarsgroupsofthreeorBeforeIcouldaskmydaughterLayla,theheadapproached“Mrs.Pavis,seeourletter?”Letter?Whatletter?Ihadahabitofnotpayingattentionthemand,mostcases,notreading“Theletter?Ofcourse.Ididn’tnoticethat.I’vebeenawayforwork.”athome,Iexaminedthroughschoolbag.Ifoundseveralletters,allabouttheproblemofparkingoutsidetheschoolgates.dueparentsparkingthepolicewereaboutstepin.“Whytheseletters?”Idemanded.Laylaraisedhershoulders.“Iforgot.”IwasaboutheralecturewhenoccurredmethatIhadalwayshadLaylahermoneyforthecookingclassthatmorningandhangoutthekids’washedclothes.Icalmeddownandrealizedthattheywantedparentscarpool(拼车).thenexthalfIcalledtheparentsoffriends,askingtheywouldlikecarpoolus.theyhadalreadyarrangements.Itwasmyownfault—Ishouldhavereadthoseletterslongago.“Um...Ioverheardotherstalkingaboutit,”Laylasaid,saidtheyknowwhowouldcarpoolusbecausewe’realwayslate.”Isuddenlyfeltwerea注意：1.续写词数应为100词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Imadeupmymindchange.试卷第13页，共14页_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ACACCCBCBABCABA16-20BBCAA试卷第14页，共14页1B．D．D【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了泰国一些值得探索的冷门景点。1．细节理解题。根据BanKrutforbeachfans中关键句missthegreataBuddhisttemplelocatedonThongChaiMountain.(不要错过坐落在ThongChai山上的佛寺——塔塞寺)”可知，在泰国BanKrut可以游览塔塞寺。故选。2Lopburiforhistorylovers中关键句“Atip:asafedistancefromthemonkeysandhideanythingwantthemsteal.(小贴士：和猴子保持一段安全距离，把你不想让它们偷的东西藏起来)”可知，Lopburi的猴子会拿走你的物品。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据Cave(洞穴)forholidayhikers中关键句“Hikingtrails,wetlandsandforestsKhaoRoiNationalaweekendadventureworthyoftoppingyourThailandto-dolist.(KhaoRoi国家公园成为你列在泰国待办事项清单上的周末冒险之旅)”可知，KhaoRoi国家公园最适合喜欢冒险的人。故选D。4C．D．B7．BJoy在孙子Brad的带领下走遍了美国所有的国家公园的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhenIlearnedshehadneverseenthegreatwildernessesofAmerica-deserts,mountains,oceans,Idecidedintervene(干预)当我得知她从未见过美国的荒野——“ThisideainspiredtheirfirsttheGreatSmokyMountains.(这个想法激发了他们第一次去大烟山的旅行。)”可知，Brad决定以丰富Joy奶奶的旅行经历来介入。故选C5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,oncetheywereontheroad,Bradrealizedthattheycouldvisitparksthatweretheyears,theymanagedseeallofthefamoussightsattheGrandCanyon,theRedwoods,andsoon.ButBradvaluesthespenthisgrandmotherjustasmuchastheamazingplacestheywereablevisit.(Brad大峡谷、红杉林等所有著名景点。但Brad珍惜和祖母一起度过的时光，就像他们能去的那些神奇的地方一样。)”可知，在Brad眼中，他们的旅行令人惊奇且值得。故选D6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中regardsherforasthehergoodhealth.答案第1页，共13页(Brad)”可知，Joy奶奶身体健康的主要原因是她积极的生活态度。故选B7“DespiteGrandmaolderage,shewasablemountains.Bradregardsherforasthehergoodhealth.gratefulforeachnewdayandalwaysexcitedforthenexttheirlongjourneyacrosstheanendAmericanSamoa.(Joy奶奶年纪大了，但她还能爬山。Brad认为她对生活的热爱是她身体健康的关键。她感激每一个新的一天，总是对下一个旅程感到兴奋。)”老奶奶Joy在孙子Brad的带领下走遍了美国所有的国家公园的故事。B“去旅行，永远不要嫌老”符合主题，故选B8B．C10DC【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要通过阐述在线隐私泄露的问题，分析了数字足迹的产生，特别是在社交媒体上的信息分享、cookies的追踪功能，进而提出了一系列实用的建议和措施来帮助读者维护其网络隐私。8．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Someofuslikekeepthingsprivate—maybewewantpeopleknowingaboutourrelationship,ourorwherewelive—becausethesedetailsarepersonal.Theproblemis,everywhereweonline,weseemleaveadigitalfootprint.(我们中的一些人喜欢把一些事情保密——住在哪里——字足迹)”可知，第一段提到个人隐私问题，以及第三段中“Therearestepscantake.(你可以采取一些措施。)”可知，这篇文章旨在建议读者维护在线隐私。故选。9“First,onyoursocialaccounts,checkyourprivacysettings.Manysocialsitesalloweverythingbeseenbydefault(默认),andtheresponsibilityonsetyourboundaries.Andlimitingtheamountshareonlyconfined(局限于)socialmedia.()”因为可以限制分享的信息量。故选。．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Deleting(删除)yourusinghistoryhelp,buttherearecertainappswhichcanblockthemfeelcomfortable.(删除你的使用记录可能会有所答案第2页，共13页帮助，但如果你觉得不舒服，有些应用程序可以阻止它们。)”可知，如果对感到不舒服，可以使用特定的应用程序来阻止它们。故选D。．主旨大意题。根据最后一段wantmaintainyourprivacyonline,maybeonlysharethingsyou’dbehappyastrangerseeing—andfeelcomfortablecookies,decideapplytechblockIfnotenough,justacceptthemandvisitanother—andwhynothaveayummycookieeatinstead?(所以，如果你想在网上保护你的隐私，也许只分享那些你愿意让陌生人看到的东西——如果你对cookie感问另一个网站——为什么不吃一块美味的饼干呢？)”作的建议来保护隐私：一是如果想要在网上保持隐私，只分享与陌生人可见也舒适的内容；二是如果不舒服于cookies因此，这一段主要是关于保护隐私的建议。故选。．C13B．B．C出自己，动物的自我意识可能比科学家们曾经认为的要广泛得多。．词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线部分前的“They“clean”thedeadskinandparasites()fromotherfish.Thisofbenefitforcleanerfish,whichameal,aswellasfortheotherfishspecies,whicharefreedfromparasites.(它们“清理”)”所以，双方都是互利的，由此可知，这种关系被称为“互利关系”，划线单词的意思应与“互”意义相近。故选CagroupofscientistsJapanfoundthatcleanerfishhavetheabilityidentify(识别)themselvesphotographs!(现，清洁鱼可能有能力在照片中识别自己(识别)!)”“So,theteamwantedtestwhetherthewasseenthecaseofphotosaswell.(因此，研究小组想测试一下照片是否也会出现同)”进行一项实验测试，结合倒数第二段中的“Theyfoundthatcleanerfishattackedonlythosephotographswhichdidnothavetheirownfaces.()”答案第3页，共13页他们能在照片中认出自己。故选B．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thefirstwasaphotoofthemselves,whilethesecondinvolvedanunknowncleanerfish.ThethirdofpicturewasaphotoofanunknowncleanerfishtheownfaceeditedontoThefourthofphotoincludedownbodybutthefaceofanunknowncleanerfish.(第一种是他们自己的照片，第二种是一条不知名的四种类型的照片包括它自己的身体，但脸是一条不知名的清洁鱼。)”以及下文中的“Theyfoundthatcleanerfishattackedonlythosephotographswhichdidnothavetheirownfaces.(击第二种和第四种类型的照片。故选B．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Thisstudysuggeststhatself-awarenessbefarmorewidespreadamonganimalsthanscientistsoncethought.Peopleshouldn’tbesurprisedthatfishcouldhaveasenseofselfgiventhattheyhavealreadybeenshownhavecomplexbehaviorincludingtooluseandplanning.(这项研究表明，动物的自我意识可能比科学家们曾经认为的括工具使用和计划。)”支持的。故选C．B17C．F．D20A耻辱的经历中恢复和成长。．由上文“Humiliation(蒙羞).Manyofushaveexperiencedthatfearfulfeelingofjustwantingthegroundopenupanddown,(自己躲进去的恐惧感，对吧？)”以及下文“Butwhathumiliation,andhowcanwemoveonfrom(但什么是耻辱，我们又该如何从中走出来呢？)”可知，首段提出了耻辱这一概念，并引出下文对其定义及应对方法的讨论，E选项occurswhensomeonedecidesusfeelsmall.(当有人决定让我们感到渺小时，就会发生这种情况。)”It指代上文的答案第4页，共13页humiliation，同时引出下文对于耻辱的进一步探讨，符合题意。故选B。．由上文“Forexample,agoodpersonfeel‘shameful’forspeakingordoingsomethingmeanafriend.(‘羞愧’)”在举例说明羞愧的感觉来源于个人行为不当，C选项makesthatpersonfeelbadandregretfulofhis(这让他对自己的行为感到糟糕和后悔)”承接上文，解释了为什么好人会对自己的不当行为感到羞愧，符合题意。故选。“Imagineyourworkmatesshockbyunfairlycallingoutonyourworkduringameetingyourboss.Oryourfriendmaylookdownuponbyquestioningyourknowledgeahobbyorinterestfrontofyourotherfriends.(兴趣的知识，从而看不起你。)”可知，这里列举了两种公开场合下遭受羞辱的情景，F“Thepresenceofothersthefactor—apublicdressing-down.(他人的在场是关键因素公开的责骂。)”。“First,mustacceptthehumiliationandrealizeyou’renottheonlyonewhohasfeltlikethis.()”在提供应对耻辱的第一个步骤，强调接受并认识到耻辱是一种普遍感受，D选项“Therefore,talkotherswhohaveexperiencedandmoveon.(因此，与其他经历过这些的人交谈并继续)”选D。．由上文“Somepeople‘Whatkillonlymakesstronger’.(有些人说：‘那些杀不死你的只会让你变得更强大’。)”以及后文“Whynotusethedisadvantageasmotivation(动力)becomeabetterworkerorlearnaboutthathobbyorinterest?(为什么不利用这个劣势作为成为更好的工作者或了解更多关于那个爱好或兴趣的动力呢？)”论将负面经历转化为成长的动力，A选项“Whilehumiliationprobablywon’tkillyou,canhurt.(虽然耻辱可能不会杀死你，但它会伤害你。)”承上启下，既回应了前文提到的不致命却让人更强大的事物”A。B22CA24CD26C27A28B29B答案第5页，共13页．D．A32A．D．A35B长的经历，描述了他在南极的生活状态、与企鹅的相处、工作环境以及日常活动。2023年照顾英国在南极洲遗产的慈善机构，担任邮政局长。A.reporter记者；postmaster邮政局长；researcher研究人员；D.explorer探险者。根据下文“AsI’ve20,000letterssoincludingpostcardsfrom____12____.”长。故选。——企鹅。A.otherwordsInturnInadditionD.summary“Itheenvironmentand____3____neighbours,thepenguins(企鹅).”是对上文“I’mresponsibleforsortingthelettersthataresenthere,thesouthernmostposttheworld.”的补充说明，都是作者的工作。故选。——企鹅。A.keeptrackof记录；guardagainst防止、防范；controlof控制；D.holdof抓住。根据下文“sendthatinformationBritishAntarcticA。．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我们五个人和1000只企鹅共享这座岛屿，当然企鹅们A.dutiessuppliespreferenceD.treatment对待、治疗。根据下文“Theyhavetheirownpathswalkdowntheshore(岸边)andweusedslowingdown,alwayskeepingour____5____,andwaitingforthempass.”可知，在南极，企鹅享有优先权。故选。A.secrets秘密；balance平衡；word词语；D.distance距离。根据上文的“slowingdown”以及空后的“waitingforthempass”可知，南极大陆上的企鹅享有特权，由此可知，人们需要保持和企鹅的距离，等待企鹅通过小路。故选D。A.cleanremovecountD.replace据空后的“thenestsandeggs”以及上文提到的作者需要观察企鹅的情况可知，没两天作者需要数一次巢穴和蛋的数量。故选。答案第6页，共13页．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们月到达这里时，基地已经关闭过冬，所以当我们A.so因此；but但是；because因为；D.or“Whenwearrivedherethebasehadbeenshutfor和“whenwetheship,wedug____8____throughsnowforhoursbeforewecouldopenthefront可知，因为基地关闭过冬，所以作者他们需要挖雪从而打开前门，两句之间存在因果关系。故选A。．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们月到达这里时，基地已经关闭过冬，所以当我们下船时，我们上气不接下气地在雪地里挖了几个小时，才打开前门。A.easily轻易地；breathlessly气喘吁吁地；unwillingly不情愿地；D.separately分别地、分开地。根据空后“forhours”以及常识可知，挖雪数小时后，人们会气喘吁吁。故选B。A.Discovering发现；Maintaining维持；Escaping逃避；D.Enriching“aswe’venorunningnoshowers,andtherealotofsnow____10____.”可知，空处指的是维持在基地的生活不轻松。故选B。水，没有淋浴，而且有很多雪需要挖掘。A.fighting打架、对抗；remaining仍然；disappearing消失；D.digging“wedug____8____throughsnowforhoursbeforewecouldopenthefrontdoor”以及常识可知，作者到达南极时已经是月份，所以需要挖很多雪。故选D。2A.processedwrittendelivered表；D.collected收集。根据下文“includingpostcardsfromstamp____12____.”以及作者是邮局局长可知，作者需要处理信件。故选A。2A.collectorssellersD.makers商。根据下文“Theyrequestparticularpostmarksorstamps,andcanbe____13____aboutwheretheywantthemplaced.”可知，有很多是来自集邮者的明信片。故选A。们想要放置的位置。A.hesitant迟疑的；curious好奇的；anxious焦虑的；D.specificrequestparticularpostmarksorstamps”答案第7页，共13页因此对于邮戳的位置等都有明确的要求。故选D。A.smallobviouspowerful强大的；D.important重要的。根据空后的“suchasslightchangestheweatherandtinygreenplants”可知，这些都是生活中的一些小事情。故选A。A.worried担忧的；touched感动的、有触动；confused困惑的；D.surprised惊讶的。反射在水面的阳光也会让作者有所触动。故选。arethrown43a3839contributor．whataccounting41include．moreclosely44facing【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球食物浪费问题的严重性。7.3有超过10亿顿饭被扔掉。throw(扔)是句中谓语动词，与主语meals之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语everyday，描述习惯性行为应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语arethrown。中一个重要原因是人们无法获得冷藏或储存。分数的基本表达形式为“基数词+序数词”；句中表示“五分之一，用序数词fifth。故填fifth。accessto...使用/得到的方法/机会权利”。故填to。温室气体排放量的近10%contributor“”，结合冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填contributor。．考查非谓语动词。句意：这不仅是对自然资源的浪费，也是造成气候危机的主要原因，占全球温室气体排放量的近10%。“(account)forclose10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放)”accountfor(占)之间是主动关答案第8页，共13页系，用现在分词表主动。故填accounting。将其纳入减少碳排放的计划。faildo是固定搭配，用不定式作宾语。故填include。．考查比较级。句意：全球食品银行网络首席执行官丽莎呼吁食品生产商与食品workcloselythanbefore可知，应使用比较级moreclosely，意为“更加密切地”。故填closely。而且确保粮食最终出现在面临粮食不安全