河南高考英语语法单选题100道及答案

河南高考英语语法单选题100道及答案1.Itwasinthesmallhouse______wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather______hespenthischildhood.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;where答案：A解析：第一空是定语从句，先行词是house，关系代词which在从句中作主语；第二空是强调句结构itis/was...that...，强调地点状语inthesmallhouse。2.______thedangerfromenemyaction,peoplehadtodealwithasevereshortageoffood,clothing,fuelandalmosteverything.A.AssoonasB.AslongasC.AswellasD.Asfaras答案：C解析：aswellas表示“除……之外，也”，这里表示除了来自敌人行动的危险，人们还要应对物资短缺。A选项“一……就”；B选项“只要”；D选项“就……而言”均不符合语境。3.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen答案：D解析：当先行词是theonlyoneof...时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，根据时间状语forthreeyears，要用现在完成时。4.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,______visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe答案：A解析：当主语后面跟有with等连接的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致，这里主语是theteacher，是单数，根据语境用过去进行时。5.______environmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemtorecover.A.EvenifB.IfonlyC.WhileD.Once答案：D解析：once表示“一旦”，引导条件状语从句，符合“一旦环境被破坏，生态系统需要很多年才能恢复”的语境。A选项“即使”；B选项“要是……就好了”；C选项“当……时候，虽然”均不合适。6.Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butplease______thebookswhenyou’vefinishedwiththem.A.putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoff答案：C解析：putback表示“放回原处”，符合把看完的书放回书架的语境。A选项“穿上，上演”；B选项“放下，记下”；D选项“推迟”。7.Onlyaftermyfriendcame______.A.didthecomputerrepairB.herepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired答案：C解析：only+状语从句位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且电脑是被修理，用被动语态。8.—IwonderwhyMaryissounfriendlytous.—Sheis______thanunfriendly,I’mafraid.A.shyerB.muchshyerC.moreshyD.shymore答案：C解析：more...than...表示“与其说……不如说……”，这里表示与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。9.TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair______hewantedtositnexttohiswife.A.althoughB.unlessC.becauseD.if答案：C解析：前后是因果关系，因为老人想坐在他妻子旁边，所以让Lucy换椅子。10.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep______hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether答案：B解析：unless表示“除非”，小男孩除非妈妈给他讲故事，否则就不睡觉。11.—DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?—______.A.Yes,youmayborrowB.Yes,youcouldC.Yes,goonD.Yes,helpyourself答案：D解析：helpyourself表示“随便用，自便”，符合语境。A选项表达不完整；B选项回答一般不用could；C选项“继续”不合适。12.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were答案：C解析：thenumberof表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；anumberof表示“许多”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。13.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but______didn’thelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.he答案：A解析：这里用it指代前面医生建议Vera度假这件事。14.______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited答案：C解析：wait这个动作发生在realized之前，且与主语Tom是主动关系，用现在分词的完成式作时间状语。15.Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas答案：D解析：asmuch...as...表示“和……一样多，既是……也是……”，这里表示教学既是一门科学也是一门艺术。16.______bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted答案：B解析：thegirl与attract是被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语。17.ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplaying-cards______forentertainmentandeducation.A.werebeingdesignedB.havedesignedC.havebeendesignedD.weredesigned答案：D解析：cards与design是被动关系，且根据语境是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。18.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun答案：D解析：oncebegun是onceitisbegun的省略形式，it指代research，与begin是被动关系。19.Themanagerhadfallenasleepwherehe______,withoutundressing.A.waslayingB.waslyingC.hadlaidD.hadlied答案：B解析：lie表示“躺”，其过去式是lay，这里表示经理当时正躺在那里睡着了，用过去进行时。A选项lay作及物动词表示“放置，下蛋”；C选项laid是lay（放置，下蛋）的过去式；D选项lied是lie（说谎）的过去式。20.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless______everyday.A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater答案：A解析：unlesswatered是unlesstheyarewatered的省略形式，flowers与water是被动关系。21.Thenewsuspensionbridge______bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned答案：B解析：根据时间状语bytheendoflastmonth，要用过去完成时，且桥与设计是被动关系。22.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway答案：D解析：quantitiesof后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词，谓语动词都用复数形式，且泥土是被冲走，用现在进行时的被动语态。23.Idon’tmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore.______,thewalkwilldomegood.A.SoonerorlaterB.StillC.IntimeD.Besides答案：D解析：besides表示“此外，而且”，这里表示帮忙去商店拿东西，而且散步对自己有好处。A选项“迟早”；B选项“仍然”；C选项“及时”。24.Icanthinkofmanycases______studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where答案：D解析：先行词是cases，在定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导。25.I______ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play答案：D解析：这里表示现在的能力，用一般现在时。26.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept______helphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever答案：C解析：whatever表示“无论什么”，修饰help，引导宾语从句。A选项“无论哪一个”；B选项“无论怎样”；D选项“无论何时”。27.—Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.—Iagreewithyou______.A.inawayB.onthewayC.bythewayD.intheway答案：A解析：inaway表示“在某种程度上”，符合语境。B选项“在路上，即将到来”；C选项“顺便说一下”；D选项“挡道，妨碍”。28.I______younottomovemydictionary—nowIcan’tfindit.A.askedB.askC.wasaskingD.hadasked答案：A解析：根据语境，“要求不要动字典”是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。29.______isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which答案：B解析：what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，“Whatisknowntousall”表示“我们大家都知道的事情”。30.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay______matters.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this答案：A解析：这是一个强调句结构，强调的是主语whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay，用that引导。31.Thehero’sstory______differentlyinthenewspapers.A.wasreportedB.wasreportingC.reportsD.reported答案：A解析：故事是被报道，用被动语态，且是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。32.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when答案：D解析：beabouttodo...when...表示“正要做某事这时……”。33.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling答案：C解析：appreciate后面接动名词作宾语，your是动名词的逻辑主语。34.Thechairmanthought______necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him答案：B解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是toinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting。35.—Isthisthefirsttimeyou______Chengdu?—No.ButthefirsttimeI______here,thecitywasn’tsobeautiful.A.visited;cameB.visited;havecomeC.havevisited;havecomeD.havevisited;came答案：D解析：在This/Itisthefirst/second...timethat...句型中，that从句用现在完成时；thefirsttime引导时间状语从句，根据语境用一般过去时。36.Thewater______coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels答案：C解析：feel是系动词，没有被动语态，根据时间状语whenIjumpedintothepool，用一般过去时。37.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce______witheachother.A.theyhadquarreledB.theyhavequarreledC.havetheyquarreledD.hadtheyquarreled答案：C解析：否定词never位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，根据时间状语for40years，用现在完成时。38.Ilike______intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one答案：C解析：it在这里作形式宾语，真正的宾语是whentheweatherisclearandbright。39.______theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.Tocomplete答案：D解析：tocompletetheprojectasplanned是不定式作目的状语，表示为了按计划完成项目。40.—Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema?—That______mefine.A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits答案：D解析：suit表示“适合”，指时间、口味、条件等方面合适；fit表示“大小、尺寸合适”；meet表示“满足，遇见”；satisfy表示“使满意”。41.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared答案：D解析：ocean与compare是被动关系，whencompared是whenitiscompared的省略形式。42.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,______ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis答案：A解析：which引导非限定性定语从句，Ithink是插入语，which在从句中作主语。43.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I______thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.mustn’thavetaken答案：C解析：needn’thavedone表示“本不必做某事而做了”，这里表示本不必带伞。A选项“本应该做某事而没做”；B选项“本能够做某事”；D选项“禁止做某事”没有这种用法。44.______modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.A.WhileB.SinceC.AsD.If答案：A解析：while表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，这里表示虽然模特行业很难进入，但好的模特总是有需求的。45.______inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing答案：B解析：belost表示“迷路”，这里用过去分词作原因状语。46.Thefamouswriterisstillactive,______inhiseighties.A.evenB.thoughC.despiteD.inspiteof答案：B解析：though引导让步状语从句，这里省略了heis，意思是虽然他八十多岁了，但仍然很活跃。A选项“甚至”；C、D选项后面接名词或动名词。47.Itis______workofartthateveryonewantstohavealookatit.A.sounusualB.suchunusualC.suchanunusualD.soanunusual答案：C解析：such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that...，work是可数名词，unusual以元音音素开头，用an。48.Wehadtobepatientbecauseit______sometime______wegotthefullresults.A.hasbeen;sinceB.hadbeen;untilC.was;afterD.wouldbe;before答案：D解析：itwouldbe+一段时间+before...表示“要过多久才……”，这里表示要过一段时间我们才能得到全部结果。49.—DoyouhaveanyideawhatPauldoesallday?—AsIknow,hespendsatleastasmuchtimeplayingashe______studying.A.doesB.hasC.spendsD.is答案：A解析：这里用does代替前面的spends，避免重复。50.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.—Oh,notatall.I______hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe答案：A解析：根据语境，强调从过去到现在在这儿的状态，用现在完成时。51.Themotherdidn’tknow______toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.what答案：A解析：根据语境，是不知道该责备谁，用who引导宾语从句。52.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe______thepresentone.A.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigasC.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas答案：B解析：倍数表达法：倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as。53.______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As答案：D解析：as引导非限定性定语从句，可置于句首，指代后面整个句子的内容，意为“正如”。54.Theboydivedintothewaterandafter______seemedtobealongtime,hecameupagain.A.whatB.thatC.itD.which答案：A解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，whatseemedtobealongtime表示“看起来似乎很长一段时间”。55.Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mpaying______here.A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch答案：D解析：倍数表达法，“倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as”，这里省略了asathome。56.Theprofessorcouldtellbythe______lookinMaria’seyesthatshedidn’tunderstandasinglewordofhislecture.A.coldB.blankC.innocentD.fresh答案：B解析：blanklook表示“茫然的表情”，符合Maria没听懂讲座的语境。A选项“冷漠的”；C选项“无辜的”；D选项“新鲜的”。57.Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnot______anyimportantdetailswhileretellingthestory.A.bringoutB.letoutC.leaveoutD.makeout答案：C解析：leaveout表示“遗漏，省略”，符合不要遗漏重要细节的语境。A选项“使显现，出版”；B选项“泄露，发出”；D选项“辨认出，理解”。58.______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given答案：D解析：given表示“如果给予”，在这里相当于ifheisgiven，he与give是被动关系。59.Itisobviousthatthehopes,goals,fearsanddesires______widelybetweenmenandwomen,betweentherichandthepoor.A.alterB.shiftC.transferD.vary答案：D解析：vary表示“变化，不同”，这里指希望、目标等在男女、贫富之间有很大不同。A选项“改变，改动”；B选项“转移，转变”；C选项“转移，调动”。60.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but______containedanyusefulsuggestions.A.allB.noneC.eitherD.neither答案：D解析：根据前面的tworeports可知，是两者，neither表示“两者都不”，符合没有一份报告包含有用建议的语境。A选项用于三者或三者以上；B选项用于三者或三者以上；C选项“两者中的任何一个”。61.Myparentshavealwaysmademe______aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodC.feelwellD.feelgood答案：D解析：makesb.dosth.，排除A、B；feel是系动词，后面接形容词good，well作形容词时表示“身体好”。62.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof______itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that答案：C解析：介词后面只能用whether引导宾语从句，不能用if。63.—I’mvery______withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm,itdoeshavea______smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant答案：D解析：pleased表示“感到满意的”，常用来形容人；pleasant表示“令人愉快的，宜人的”，常用来形容事物。64.The______lookonhisfacesuggestedthathe______so.A.surprising;shouldn’tsayB.surprised;shouldn’thavesaidC.surprising;hadn’tsaidD.surprised;hadn’tsaid答案：D解析：surprised常用来形容人“感到惊讶的”；suggest表示“表明”时，后面的从句用陈述语气，根据语境用过去完成时。65.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou______swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t答案：D解析：recommend表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。66.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse______andalotofthings______.A.hasbrokeninto;hasbeenstolenB.hadbrokeninto;hadbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto;stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto;stolen答案：D解析：house与breakinto是被动关系，且动作发生在found之前，用过去完成时的被动语态；and连接两个并列的谓语结构，things与steal是被动关系，此处省略了hadbeen。67.Thecomputersystem______suddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.A.brokedownB.brokeoutC.brokeupD.brokein答案：A解析：breakdown表示“出故障，崩溃”，符合电脑系统突然出问题的语境。B选项“爆发”；C选项“分手，解散”；D选项“闯入，打断”。68.—Whatshallweuseforpowerwhenalltheoilintheworldhas______?—Nothingelsebutthesun.A.givenoutB.putoutC.heldupD.usedup答案：A解析：giveout表示“用完，耗尽”，是不及物动词短语；useup是及物动词短语，要用被动语态；putout“扑灭”；holdup“举起，阻挡”。69.Thelittlegirl______herheartoutbecauseshe______hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried;lostB.cried;hadlostC.hascried;haslostD.cries;haslost答案：B解析：cry这个动作发生在过去，用一般过去时；lose这个动作发生在cry之前，用过去完成时。70.Heis______amanthatweallrespecthim.A.sonobleB.suchnobleC.sonobleaD.suchnoblea答案：C解析：so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that...，such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that...，所以选C。71.—HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao?—Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthe______daysattheseaside.A.fewlastsunnyB.lastfewsunnyC.lastsunnyfewD.fewsunnylast答案：B解析：多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：限定词（last）+数量词（few）+描绘性形容词（sunny）+名词。72.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay______matters.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this答案：A解析：这是强调句结构，强调主语whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay，用that引导。73.Thebookis______moredifficultthantheoneIrecommendedtoyou.A.ratherB.veryC.muchD.so答案：C解析：much可以修饰形容词比较级，而rather一般不用于修饰more+形容词原级构成的比较级；very和so不能修饰比较级。74.______isknowntousallisthatthe2022WinterOlympicswillbeheldinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which答案：B解析：what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，“Whatisknowntousall”表示“我们大家都知道的事情”。75.Iwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldgivemeahand.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one答案：A解析：appreciate后面不能直接跟从句，常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是if引导的从句。76.Theoldman,______abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworked答案：D解析：work这个动作发生在isonthewayback之前，且与主语theoldman是主动关系，用现在分词的完成式作状语。77.Theboyislookingforwardtoachance______abroad,ashisparentshavepromisedhim.A.goB.goingC.togoD.havinggone答案：C解析：lookforwardtoachancetodosth.表示“期待有机会做某事”，to是不定式符号。78.Thenews______ourathleteswonanothergoldmedalwasreportedinyesterday’snewspaper.A.whichB.whetherC.whatD.that答案：D解析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明news的内容。79.Theyoungmanmadea______tohisparentsthathewouldtrytoearnhisownlivingaftergraduation.A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution答案：B解析：makeapromisetosb.表示“向某人许下诺言”，符合语境。A选项“预测”；C选项“计划”；D选项“贡献”。80.Itwasnotuntilmidnight______theyreachedthecampsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as答案：A解析：这是一个强调句结构，强调时间状语notuntilmidnight，用that引导。81.Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake答案：D解析：asksb.nottodosth.表示“要求某人不要做某事”。82.—Iwonderwhyhehasbeenactingsostrangelythesedays.—Recentpressureatworkmay______hisbehavior.A.accountforB.makeforC.changeforD.standfor答案：A解析：accountfor表示“解释，说明……的原因”，符合工作压力可以解释他奇怪行为的语境。B选项“导致，有助于”；C选项“换成”；D选项“代表”。83.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were答案：C解析：thenumberof表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；anumberof表示“许多”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。84.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where答案：C解析：先行词是hours，在定语从句中作时间状语，用when引导。85.—Youseemtoshowinterestincooking.—What?______,I’mgettingtiredofit.A.OnthecontraryB.TothecontraryC.OntheotherhandD.Incontrast答案：A解析：onthecontrary表示“相反”，符合前后意思相反的语境。B选项“与事实相反”；C选项“另一方面”；D选项“相比之下”。86.Thegirlsattherequitesilentandstillwithhereyes______onthewall.A.fixingB.fixedC.tobefixingD.tobefixed答案：B解析：fixone’seyeson表示“凝视，注视”，这里eyes与fix是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。87.Theproblem______atthemeetingtomorrowisveryimportant.A.todiscussB.beingdiscussedC.tobediscussedD.discussed答案：C解析：根据时间状语tomorrow，可知问题是将来要被讨论，用不定式的被动式作后置定语。88.—DoyouknowAnna’stelephonenumber?—______.Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowanyAnna,either.A.IthinksoB.I’mafraidnotC.IhopesoD.I’drathernot答案：B解析：根据后面说不认识Anna，可知是不知道她的电话号码，I’mafraidnot表示“恐怕不知道”。A选项“我认为是这样”；C选项“我希望如此”；D选项“我宁愿不”。89.______isoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As答案：D解析：as引导非限定性定语从句，可置于句首，指代后面整个句子的内容，意为“正如”。90.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun答案：D解析：once