高中英语 高三 01不定式 学案

不定式---不定式的构成式｜态主动语态被动语态一般式towritetobewritten完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten进行式tobewriting

完成进行式tohavebeenwriting不定式的句法功能作主语Tohearfromyouisnice.不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主语，而不定式置于谓语动词后。如：It’snicetohearfromyou.作宾语通常用于afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,continue,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,hate,help,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,long,love,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,pretend,promise,prove,refuse,seek,threaten,trouble,wait,want,wishIforgottolockthedoor.Pleaseremembertowritetome.作表语Myjobistopickupletters.作定语须放在被修饰的名词之后Heisalwaysthefirstonetogetup主动表被动Ihaveabooktoread.作宾补通常用于advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,challenge,convince,enable,encourage,expect,forbid,force,instruct,invite,order,permit,persuade,recommend,remind,request,require,teach,tell,train,urge,want,warn等词后。如：Heorderedhertoleaveatonce.作状语Hegotupearlytocatchthefirstbus.作独立成分tobehonest,tobeginwith,tostartwith,totellyouthetruthTotellyouthetruth,Itoldalie.Tobegin/startwith,let’ssingasong.“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：Idon’tknowhowtochoosethem.不定式复合结构ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.但当表语表示不定式的逻辑主语的特征属性时要用of如：good,kind,nice,wise,clever,silly,stupid,foolish,right,wrong,rude,impolite,carelessItisverykindofyoutohelpme.=youarekindtohelpme.too…to结构。如：Hewastooexcitedtogotosleep.动词不定式省略省略towatch,see,notice,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,make,let,have但getsbtodo注意：主动省to,被动加to。donothingbutIdidnothingbutsleep.Iwanted/chose/desirednothingbuttosleep.两个或两个以上的不定式并列在一起时，第一个不定式带to，后面的不定式往往把to省去。Iwishtofinishmytaskand(to)getaway.但表对照，不能省toItisbettertolaughthantocry.省略动词部分,为避免重复，口语中常可省去与前边动词重复的动词原形而留下to。---Wouldyouliketogotothefilmswithme?---I’dliketo.inorderto,soastoIgotupearlyinorderto/soastocatchthefirstbus.Heissaidtohavebeenrich.Itissaidthathehasbeenrich.onlytodo表结果Hehurriedhomeonlytofindthedogdead.练习1.It’simportantforthefigures______regularly.（北京卷）A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated2.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable______.（福建卷）A.held B.holdingC.beheld D.tohold3.Simonmadeabigbamboobox____thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.（四川卷）A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep4.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproduced______people’sconcernoverfoodsafety.（重庆卷）A.toraise B.raisingC.tohaveraised D.havingraised5.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.(山东)A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted6.Hisfirstbook____nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(陕西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished7.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant___.(四川)A．todealwithB．dealingwithC．tobedealtwithD．dealtwith8.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(辽宁)A．findingB．tofindC．findD．tobefound9.Thatbeggarseems____anythingyesterday.A.nottohaveeaten B.nottoeatC.didn’teat D.tonothaveeaten10.Weareinvitedtoaparty____inourclubnextFriday.（山东）A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding11.Davidthreatened_____hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.（上海）A.tobereported B.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported12.Hetolduswhether__apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.（四川）A.tohave B.havingC.have D.had13.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(重庆)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing14.—Haveyouenjoyedyourvisithere?—Yes,I’llbeverysorry___.A.forleaving B.ofleaving C.toleave D.withleaving15.Thelostchilddesirednothingbut_____home.A.go B.togo C.going D.went16.Nowwecouldnotdoanythingbut_____forhimhere.A.waited B.waiting C.towait D.wait17.Idon’tknowherandIdon’t____.A.wantB.wanttoC.wantitD.wantso18.Toplayfairisasim