历年中考英语2018湖南长沙英语试卷+答案+解析

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷(满分:120分考试时间:120分钟)Ⅰ.听力技能(两部分,共20小题,计20分)(略)Ⅱ.知识运用(两部分,共20小题,计20分)第一节语法填空从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(共10小题,计10分)21.—Theweatherreportsaysitsgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon.—Itdoes?Wedbetternow,justincase.

A.toleave B.leaving C.leave22.—IsthemanoverthereAdam?—Itbehim.HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation.

A.must B.cant C.mustnt23.—Dothetwinslookthesame?—No,JaneistallerthanClaire.

A.little B.more C.alittle24.—HowmanyapplescanIhave?—Youcanhavetwo.areforJim.

A.Theothers B.Others C.Theother25.Youmustntdriveacarontheroadyougetadriverslicense.

A.unless B.if C.since26.—Mom,Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018WorldCupinRussia.—Really?pleasantsurprise!

A.How B.What C.Whata27.BritishphysicistStephenHawking,whoasthe“smartestmanalive”,passedawayinEnglandonMarch14,2018.

A.praised B.waspraised C.willbepraised28.Aslongasthewholeofoursocietytrying,wewillmakeourskiesblueagain.

A.keeps B.willkeep C.kept29.Kids,Ihopeyoullrememberthegoodolddayswespenttogetherinjuniorhighthoughitstimetosaygoodbye.

A.who B.what C.which30.—DoesanybodywanttoshareonFathersDay?

—Guesswhat?Illwriteapoemformydad.A.whenwillyoushop B.whatyouwilldo C.whereyouwillgo第二节词语填空通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。(共10小题,计10分)WhenIwasfifteenyearsold,Ibecameveryinterestedinshopping.Afterawhilebeingjustabuyer,Iwantedto31something.IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome.IknewwiththehelpofmyfatherIcouldmakemoney.SoformonthsandmonthsI32myselfbysellingthingsonmydadsbankaccount(账户).

OnJuly18th,2015,Imademyownaccountandbegantostartmyown33.ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIrealizedthatsellingthingsaroundthehousewasnt34forme,soIdecidedtoexpand(拓展)mybusinessbyrunningaresaleshop.Iwentaroundtotheyardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat35pricestomakemoney.

LastOctober,Iwenttoayardsalethatwasalittlebitdifferent.Aladyhadmanynicethingstosell.Iwentuptoherandhada36withher.Throughthecommunication,Iknewshewasjoblessatthatmomentandneededmoneytofeedherfamily.IthoughtIcoulddoitbetterandmorequicklyforher.SoImadeadecisiontohelpherout.Shelookedatmeforawhileandthensaid37.AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade$1,500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney,shebrokedownintotears(眼泪)38.

Ihaveneverfeltso39tohelpsomeoneinmylife.Iknowmyskillscouldbeusedtohelpthoseinneedandthatevenonesmallactofkindnesscould40.

31.A.buy B.sell C.produce32.A.annoyed B.enjoyed C.punished33.A.business B.holiday C.education34.A.familiar B.helpful C.enough35.A.higher B.lower C.half36.A.competition B.fight C.conversation37.A.no B.yes C.sorry38.A.peacefully B.regretfully C.thankfully39.A.worried B.stressed C.pleased40.A.makeadifference B.makeamess C.makeamistakeⅢ.阅读技能(四部分,共24小题,计48分)第一节图表理解阅读下面的图表,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共5小题,计10分)A41.TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.drinks B.snacks C.freeWi-Fi42.Fromtheposter(海报)above,wecanknowthat.

A.theeventendsat10p.m.B.theeventisjustforthebestplayersC.theticketonlineischeaperthanthatatthedoorBNameJonathanSmithDateofbirthFeb.25,2001PlaceofbirthNewYork,NY,theUSAContact(联系方式)Address:37GreenfieldRoad,Sydney,AustraliaTelephone:0123186225689E-mail:jonathan@EducationGED-12,includingEnglishandmathGreenfieldHighSchool,Sydney,AustraliaWorkexperienceWaiteratBettysPizzaRestaurantonSaturdays—9months;Volunteerasajudge(裁判)inGreenfieldNurserySchoolsportsmeeting—3timesLanguagesEnglish—firstlanguageChinese—secondlanguageSkillsandinterestsSports,singing,drawing,traveling,gardening43.Accordingtothechart(图表),howoldisJonathanthisyear?A.17. B.27. C.37.44.WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation?A.InLondon. B.InNewYork. C.InSydney.45.Thecharttellsusthat.

A.JonathanhasntgotanyworkexperienceB.JonathanknowstwolanguagesandloveslifeC.JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages第二节短文理解阅读下面的短文,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共10小题,计20分)AAfterwandering(闲逛)aroundinthecityforalongtime,Tomfinallyfoundhimselfstandinginfrontofthepalace.Helookedthroughitsgoldengate,hopingtotakealookatarealprince(王子).Thereweresomeguards(卫兵)standingatbothsidesofthegate.Tom,dressedbadly,wasmovingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowasfollowedbyseveralservants.Hewasnodoubttheprince!Tomwasexcited.Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim.However,aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely(粗鲁地).Theyoungprince,whosenamewasEdward,wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness.HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace.Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends.TheyevenexchangedtheirclothesafterTomtoldEdwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressinglikeaprince.Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror,theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!ThetwoboyswereineachothersclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise(瘀伤)onTomshand.HesoonrealizedthatitwascausedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely.Inamoment,theyoungprinceranoutoftheroom.Hedecidedtopunishtheguard.However,theguarddidntrealizethattheprincewasinTomsoldwornclothes.HehitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace.46.WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace?A.Totalkwiththeguard.B.Toaskforaplacetolivein.C.Tohavealookatarealprince.47.HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards?A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Proud.48.WhenTomwasstopped,Edwardgotmadbecauseof.

A.thebadmannersofTomB.thestrictrulesofthepalaceC.therudebehavioroftheguard49.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers.B.Edwardwaskind,caringandfriendly.C.Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace.50.Wecaninfer(推断)fromthepassagethat.

A.bloodisthickerthanwaterB.twoheadsarebetterthanoneC.neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooksBElephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday.Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroupscalledherds(群).Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother.Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant.Sheisthematriarch(族长).Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100elephants.Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger.Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants,andalsolearnfromlife.Babyelephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold.Elephantslivetobe50or60yearsold.Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories.Inthedryseason,amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast.Theherdwillfollowherthere.Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast-movingriver.Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds.Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem.Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears,butalsowiththeirfeet,andeventrunks(longnosesoftheelephants).Theyalsogreeteachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet.Ifdangerappears,mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem.Otheranimalsdontusuallyattack(攻击)elephants.However,alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy.Ifthishappens,theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants.Theadultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks.Thematriarchputsherselfbetweenthelionandtheherd.Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger.Thenshelowersherherdandattackstheenemy(敌人)inabigcloudofdust(灰尘).51.AccordingtoParagraph(段落)One,anelephantherd.

A.hasafatherelephantastheleaderB.ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdangerC.alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephants52.Longmemorieshelpelephantsto.

A.choosetheirmatriarchB.communicatewitheachotherC.findwaterandcrosstheriver53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rumbling”mean?A.低沉的 B.尖细的 C.高亢的54.Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies?A.Tokeeptheirbabiessafe.B.Towelcometheirfriends.C.Toattacktheirenemies.55.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout.

A.whytheelephantsliveinherdsB.whattheelephantslivinghabitsareC.howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。(共4小题,计8分)Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally,whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged.Infact,thereisalotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Herearesometips(贴士)foryou.◆56.

Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin,andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus.Thisexplainsthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultseasilybutstruggle(挣扎)withdatesfromtheirhistorylessons!Developanactiveinterestinwhatyouwanttoremember.Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions—themore,thebetter!◆Repeatthingsinchunks(块).Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime,forexample,rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds.57.Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember:1492178919318483.Butlookatthemin“groups”or“chunks”repeatedly,anditbecomesmucheasier:1492178919318483.

◆Inventastory.Torememberlonglists,tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Inexperiments,peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway.Whentheyweretestedlater,theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem.58.

◆Takephysicalexercise.Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory,becauseitincreasesyourheartrate(心率)andsendsmoreoxygen(氧气)toyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.59.Asweknow,toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory.

A.Takeaninterest.B.Exercisealsolowersstress.C.Thetestresultwasreallyamazing!D.Anotherwaytoimprovememoryistogetenoughrest.E.Groupingnumbersmayhelpyoutorememberthem.第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题。(共5小题,计10分)InHebei,thereisasmallvillagecalledYeli.Throughthevillage,youcanseegreentreesalongtheriverbank.However,youcanhardlyimaginethat,about16yearsago,thisareawascoveredwithrocksandweeds(杂草).Thebigchangeisallbecauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends:JiaHaixia,whoisblind,andJiaWenqi,whohasnoarms.Thetwofriendsdecidedtoplanttreestomakealivingbackin2002.Althoughbotharedisabled,theylearnedtoworktogetherbybecomingeachotherseyesandhands.Withlittlemoneytobuyyoungtrees,theyhadtocollectandplantcuttings(插枝,插条).Everymorning,theywenttotheriverbanktogether.JiaWenqiwalkedinthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhisfriendsemptysleeves(衣袖).Aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank,JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriendsshoulderstogetcuttingsandJiaWenqiwouldtellhimwhichcuttingswerethebest.Afterthat,theydugholesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether.Theyplanted800treesinthefirstyear,butonlytwosurvived(存活).Theydidntgiveup.Instead,theycontinuedtoplantmoreinthenextfewyears.Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees.Today,thetwofriendsnolongerneedtomakealivingbyplantingtrees,buttheyhavenoplanstostop.Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromflooding(洪水)andtoimprovethelocalenvironment.60.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?

61.Couldpeopleseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago?

62.Howdidthesetwodisabledmenworktogether?(Nomorethan12words)

63.Howmanytreesaretherealongtheriverbanknowadays?

64.Whatsthepurposeoftheirplantingtreesnow?

Ⅳ.写作技能(三部分,共11小题,计32分)第一节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文,将画线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题,计10分)Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbadforschoolchildren,andtheyhavedifferentopinions.65.Somepeoplethinkthathomeworkisanimportantpartoflearningforstudents.Theybelieveitnotonlyenableschildrentopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinclass,butalsohelpsimprovetheirhandwriting.Theyalsosaythathomeworkhelpsteachchildrenhowtoworkontheirown.66.Also,itsaskillwhichisusefultotheminfuturelife.

Othersdisagree,though.67.他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力。Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodootheractivitieslikereadingandplayingsports.Tobackuptheiropinion,theygivetheexampleofFinland(芬兰).68.在芬兰,学生几乎没什么作业。Butthecountryremainsoneofthemosteducationallysuccessfulcountriesintheworld.Hereismypointofview(观点)onthismatter.69.Whetherthehomeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit.Ifthereisnoclearreasonforgivinghomework,thestudentswontgetanythingfromdoingit,soitshouldnotbeset.However,Istillbelievethathomeworkcanreallyhelpwithchildrenslearning,ifteachersclearlytellthemwhytheyshoulddothehomeworkandletthemknowhowtheyhavedoneintheirhomework.

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第二节情景交际通读下面的对话,根据上下文补全对话内容。(共5小题,计10分)A:Hey,Emily,howsitgoing?B:70.Youknowwhat?IvemadesomeprogressinEnglish,andIgotan“A”inthelastexam.

A:Wow,goodforyou!Youreffortsfinallypaidoff.71?

B:Well,Ijustlistenedtotheteachercarefullyinclass.Besides,readingEnglishnewspapersandnovelshelpedmealot.A:Nowondergrammarisjustapieceofcakeforyounow.B:Anyhow,Istillhavealongwaytogo.Bytheway,Icalledyouatnineoclocklastnight,butyoudidntanswer.72?

A:Oh,terriblysorry.IwaswatchingthemovieAmazingChina.73?

B:Yes,Ihave.AmazingChinareallyshowsushowamazingChinais!AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofourcountry.A:Icantagreemore.IdliketowatchmoremovieslikethatafterthebigexaminJune.ButnowIhavetogoalloutfortheexam.B:Youareright.Studycomesfirst.Goodluck,myfriend.A:74.Thesametoyou!

第三节书面表达(计12分)75.假如你是李华,于4月13日星期五这一天参加了学校组织的郊游活动。请你以schooltrip为主题,写一则英文日记,内容包括参加活动的人员、集合时间、郊游地点、交通方式、活动内容以及个人感受等。要求:(1)80词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数);(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;(3)日记中不得出现真实的人名和校名。Friday,April13thItwassunnytoday.Wewentonaschooltrip.

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷答案速查21222324252627282930CBCAACBACB31323334353637383940BBACACBCCA41424344454647484950ACACBCACBC515253545556575859BCAABAECBⅡ.知识运用第一节语法填空21.C句意:——天气预报报道说今天下午有阵雨。——是吗?我们最好现在就走,以防万一。本题考查非谓语动词。hadbetterdosth.是固定搭配,意为“最好做某事”。由句意可知答案为C。22.B句意:——那边的那个男人是Adam吗?——不可能是他。他去香港度假了。本题考查情态动词。must必须;cant不可能;mustnt禁止。根据答语后一句“他去香港度假了”可知“不可能”是他,故答案为B。23.C句意:——这对双胞胎看上去一样吗?——不,简比克莱尔高一点。alittle可修饰形容词比较级。故答案为C。24.A句意:——我可以吃几个苹果?——两个给你,其余的给吉姆。本题考查不定代词。theothers其余的(特指其余所有的人或物);others另一些,泛指别的人或物(不是全部);theother(两个之中的)另一个。根据语境可知答案为A。25.A句意:除非你有驾照,否则你禁止在马路上开车。本题考查连词。unless除非;if如果;since既然。根据句意可知答案为A。26.C句意:——妈妈,我给我们买了两张在俄罗斯举办的2018世界杯的门票。——是吗?多么令人高兴的惊喜啊!本题考查感叹句。本句结构符合What+a/an+adj.+n.!的结构。且surprise在此句中作可数名词。故答案为C。27.B句意:被赞誉为“世界上最聪明的人”的英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金于2018年3月14日在英格兰逝世。本题考查被动语态。主语StephenHawking和动词praise构成被动关系。且时间状语为表过去的时间,故本题应使用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were+动词过去分词,故选B。28.A句意:只要我们全社会继续努力,我们的天空一定会再次变蓝。本题考查时态。aslongas意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”的原则。故答案为A。29.C句意:孩子们,虽然是时候说再见了,但我希望你们将记住我们在初中一起度过的美好的旧时光。本题考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句,故排除B。此处定语从句先行词为days,且关系词在从句中作宾语,故答案为C。30.B句意:——有没有人愿意分享一下你将在父亲节那天做什么?——你猜怎么着?我将给我的爸爸写首诗。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应使用陈述句语序,故排除A。又根据答语可知答案为B。第二节词语填空[语篇解读]本文为记叙文,讲述了作者以一己之力帮助他人走出困境的故事。作者通过这个故事告诉大家帮助有需要的人,即使一个微小的善意的举动都会产生巨大的影响。31.B由第一段最后一句,作者十分享受用父亲的银行账户卖东西,可知答案为B。32.B根据上文,在父亲的帮助下,作者赚到了钱可知卖东西让他感到很快乐。enjoyoneself=havefun,意为“过得愉快”。annoy使恼怒,使生气;punish处罚,惩罚。33.Abusiness生意;holiday假期;education教育。根据上下文可知答案为A。34.C根据下文作者决定拓展生意可知他不满足于在家附近卖东西。故答案为C。35.A以低价买入,再以高价售出来赚钱。根据上下文可知答案为A。36.Ccompetition比赛;fight打架;conversation对话。根据下文communication可知,作者与那位女士进行了交谈。haveaconversationwithsb.与某人交谈。故答案为C。37.B根据后文,作者拿走了她的一些物品,并为她赚到1,500美元可知那位女士同意与作者进行生意。故答案为B。38.Cpeacefully和平地;regretfully遗憾地;thankfully感激地。根据语意可知,那位女士对作者充满了感激之情。故答案为C。39.C作者对能帮助他人感到十分快乐。worried担心的;stressed有压力的;pleased快乐的。40.A句意:我知道我的技能可以被用来帮助那些需要帮助的人,甚至一个小小的善举都能产生影响。makeadifference产生影响;makeamess一团糟;makeamistake犯错误。根据句意可知答案为A。Ⅲ.阅读技能第一节图表理解A41.A细节理解题。通过海报中Drinksnot...可知答案。42.C细节理解题。通过海报中Tickets...可知答案。B43.A细节理解题。通过表格中Dateofbirth中的内容可知选A。44.C细节理解题。通过表格中Education中的内容可知选C。45.B推理判断题。通过表格中Languages和Skillsandinterests中的内容可知选B。第二节短文理解A[语篇解读]本文为记叙文,讲述了贫穷的孩子汤姆和王子爱德华之间的故事。46.C细节理解题。由第一段最后一句(他透过金色的大门(向里)看,希望看一看真正的王子)可知他希望看一看真正的王子。故答案为C。47.A细节理解题。由第二段第二句(当穿着破旧衣服的Tom忽然看见一个身着华丽衣服的男孩被几个仆人跟从时,他正紧张地走过卫兵们)可知穿着破旧衣服的汤姆经过卫兵时十分紧张,故答案为A。48.C细节理解题。由第四段第一句(年轻的Edward王子对于卫兵的粗鲁行为感到生气)可知,王子因为卫兵的粗鲁行为而感到生气。故答案为C。49.B推理判断题。由第五段王子对待汤姆的行为可知答案为B。50.C推理判断题。A选项意为“血浓于水”,B选项意为“三个臭皮匠顶一个诸葛亮”,C选项意为“不要以貌取人”。根据文章大意可知答案为C。B[语篇解读]本文为说明文,介绍了大象的基本生活习性。51.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知选B。52.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句(在干旱的季节,族长能够记得在过去找到水的地方)和最后一句,可知选C。53.A词义猜测题。根据下文:有些声音很低沉,以至于人们不能听到。可知答案为A。54.A细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,如果象宝宝遭到攻击,成年大象会围成一个圆圈来保护象宝宝。55.B主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知本文讲述了大象的生活习性,故答案为B。第三节语篇补全[语篇解读]本文为说明文,介绍了形成良好记忆力的方法。56.AA选项意为“发展一个兴趣爱好。”设空处后提示:我们会记得我们感兴趣的东西,为了你想记住的东西,积极发展一个兴趣爱好。所以答案为A。57.EE选项意为“组合数字能帮助你记住它们。”设空处后是一个数字分组记忆的事例,所以答案选E。58.CC选项意为“测验结果真令人惊叹!”设空处前讲的实验取得了可喜的结果,且该设空处位于该段结尾应是总结性的句子。所以答案为C。59.BB选项意为“锻炼也可以减压。”设空处前提示锻炼身体能让记忆力更好,其后提示压力太大,记忆力就不好。