《新大学英语·综合教程3 》课件-B3U4 Attitudes to Social Problems

AttitudestoSocialProblemsAttitudestoSocialProblemsAttitudestoSocialProblemsUnit4CONTENTSLearningObjectivesAbouttheTextsPre-readingDiscussionTextATextBLearningObjectivesStudentsaresupposedtousecorrectlytheprefix“under-”andthenominativeabsolute;learnhowtoorganizeandwriteacause-effectessay;;learnaboutthesocialfactorsunderlyingsomeoftheproblemsfacedbyAmericanstudentstoday.AbouttheTextsThetwotextsinthisunitpresentthepracticalandpsychologicalproblemssomeAmericancollegestudentsareconfrontedwith.InReadingA,thecauseofthespringbreak“famine”canbetracedtothefinancialdifficultyforsomeethniccollegestudents.InReadingB,thesuicidalattemptsofsomestudentsaremorealarmingthananythingelseontheAmericancampus.Instudyingthetwotexts,studentsareencouragedtoseehowtheycanbettersolvesimilarproblemsonthestrengthofasocialistsystem.Readthestatisticsandinformationinthebox,anddiscusswithyourclassmatesthefollowingquestions.Pre-readingDiscussion1.Whatarethepossiblecausesforunemploymentamongyoungpeople,especiallyuniversitygraduates?2.Howshouldweviewthissocialproblemandwhatcanbedoneaboutit?3.Apartfromunemployment,arethereanyothersocialproblemsthatuniversitystudentsfacetoday?Nameoneproblemandexpressyouropiniononit.ReadingAAttitudestoSocialProblems

AnthonyAbrahamJackCulturalBackgroundTextAnalysisLanguageFocusFurtherEnhancementSupplementaryResourcesReadingACulturalBackgroundSpringbreakreferstothecustomamongAmericanschools,collegesanduniversitiestogivetheirstudentsafullweekofffromtheirstudiesatsometimeduringthespringseason.TheexactdatevariesfromyeartoyearbuttypicallyfallsbetweenMarch22andApril25.SomeschoolstimetheirbreakstofitinwiththeEasterweekendwhileotherssettheirspringbreaktoencompassSt.Patrick’sDay(March17).Somecollegestudentsmightusetheirspringbreakstocatchupontheirstudiesortoenjoyreunionwiththeirfamilieswhilemanyothersmaytraveltoresortdestinations,inoroutoftheUnitedStates.ReadingATextAnalysisStructureoftheTextPartI

(Paragraphs1—4)AgeneralintroductiontothefaminesomepoorstudentsendureduringspringbreakThetextdescribesthefaminesufferedbypoorstudentsduringspringbreakandtheharmfuleffectitmaycause,andproposessolutionstotheproblem.Thetextcanbedividedintofourparts:ReadingATextAnalysisStructureoftheTextPartII(Paragraphs5—12)Adescriptionofstudents’stateofsufferingfromfamineanditsharmfuleffects1)(Paragraph5)Ageneralstatementofstudents’situationduringspringbreak:Theycan’taffordspringbreak.2)(Paragraphs6—11)Examplesandstatisticswhichshowstudents’difficultsituations3)(Paragraph12)HarmfuleffectscausedbyfamineReadingATextAnalysisStructureoftheTextPartIII(Paragraphs13—14)Solutionsadoptedbysomecollegesandthesuggestionproposedbytheauthor1)(Paragraph13)Somecolleges’solutions:openingcafeterias,chargingnofees,openingfoodbanks,etc.2)(Paragraph14)Theauthor’ssuggestion:changingthenationalpolicyPartIV(Paragraph15)Aconclusion:anappealfortreatingpoorstudentsproperlyReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(1)ReadingforgistReadthetextanddecidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor’sopinion.A.Itisdifficultfortoday’scollegestudentstostayhungryduringspringbreak.B.Thegovernmentshouldhelpthosepoorfirst-generationcollegestudents.C.Somestudentsstayhungryduringspringbreakbecausethefoodisnotsafe.D.Campusfamineduringspringbreakisaproblemwhichshouldbetakenseriously.TextComprehension(2)ReadingforstructureReadingATextAnalysisReadthetextcloselyandfillintheblankswithwordsandphrasesinthefollowingdiagramtoshowhowtheauthoranalysestheproblemanditsharmfuleffects,andwhatsuggestionsheputsforth.ClosingdininghallsFamineUndercuttingstudents’academicperformanceWeakeningstudents’senseofbelongingChangingnationalpolicyReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(3)ReadingfordetailsAnswerthequestions.1.Whyisspringbreakaluxurytomanystudents?2.Telltwowaysstudentsresorttoinordertodealwiththeproblemoffamineduringspringbreak.3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thisinstitutionaloversight”(Para9)?Becausetheyhavetopayextramoneyforfoodoraccommodation,orboth.Hemeansthecollegeadministrators’neglectoflower-incomestudents’famineproblemduringspringbreak.华东师范大学出版社BuyingthingsfromFamilyDollar;rationingfoodwhichwastakenfromthecafeteria;stealingfoodinadvance;goingtoasoupkitchennearby;increasingonlinedatingactivities.(Anytwoofthefiveways).ReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(3)ReadingfordetailsAnswerthequestions.4.Whydoestheauthormentiontheconferenceoffirst-generationcollegestudentsfromtheIvyLeague?5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthechangessomecollegeshavemadeduringthebreak?Hesupportsthosechanges,butdoesnotthinkthattheyareenoughtosolvetheproblem.ToshowthesenseofisolationandmiseryofpoorcollegestudentsevenineliteschoolsReadingATextAnalysis

TextComprehension(3)ReadingfordetailsAnswerthequestions.6.WhatdoestheauthormeanbycitingViola’swordsthatdiversityisnotahashtag?7.Canyouinterpretthetitleintwoways?Whichmeaningissuitableinthistext?ToshowthesenseofisolationandmiseryofpoorcollegestudentsevenineliteschoolsTobehungryisdifficultduringspringbreak.Manystudentshaveadifficulttimeduringspringbreakforbeinghungry.Thesecondmeaningisproperinthistext.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin1.Thephrase“springbreak”conjuresupimagesofcollegestudentsloungingonbeachesbydayandhittingtheclubsatnight.(Para1)lounge:tositorlieinarelaxedorlazywaye.g.Theyateanddrankandloungedintheshade.hittheclub:tovisittheclubfrequently2.Manystudentsdo,infact,travelfromcampustofar-flungplaces.(Para1)far-flung:usedtorefertoplacesthatareagreatdistanceaway,orsomethingthatisspreadoveraverylargeareae.g.Shehastravelledtothemostfar-flungcornersoftheworld..ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin3....revealthatroughlyoneinfourkepttheircafeteriasopenduringspringbreakthesamewaytheydowhenclassesareinsession.(Para3)insession:intheprocessofworkingonsomethinge.g.Ihaven’tbeenabletotalktothelawyeryetbecausecourtisstillinsession.4.Springbreakisaluxurythatmanystudentscan’tafford.Inasense,though,itisonethatmanycollegesmakethembuyanyway.(Para5)Paraphrase:Manypoorstudentsdon’thavethemoneytoenjoythepleasureofspringbreak,buttosomeextent,manycollegesforcethemtopayforthe“pleasure”.(Forexample,somecollegeschargestudentsadditionalfeestostayoncampusduringspringbreak.)ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin5.Instead,IforagedthroughcampusjobpostingstopickupextrashiftstopayoffmealsIputonmycreditcard.(Para6)payoff:tofinishpayingforsomethingboughtoncredit(usingone’screditcard)e.g.Ishouldhaveenoughinmyaccounttopaythephonebilloffthismonth.6.Worse,thestrategiesstudentsadoptinresponseamplifytheirsenseofisolationanddifference.(Para9)amplify:toincreaseinsize,extent,effect,etc.e.g.Themisthadbeenreplacedbyakindofhazethatseemedtoamplifytheheat.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin7.Bankingonmenpayingforthefirstdate,shefeltthatherbestoptionwastouseTinderasifitwereOpenTable.(Para10)Tinder:apopularonlinedatingappthatbasicallyusesthelocationinformationfrompeople’smobiledevicetomatchsomeoneupwithotherusersintheareaOpenTable:anAmericanpubliccompanythatoffersonlinereal-timerestaurant-reservationserviceParaphrase:Shethoughtthebestwaytosolvetheproblemofhungerwastousethedatingapptofindsomementodate,sothattheycouldpayforthemeals.Inthiswaytheappseemedtofunctionasanonlinerestaurant-reservationservice.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin8.Hungerinthemidstofplentyweakensstudents’senseofbelongingandundercutstheirsocial,emotionalandphysicalwell-being.(Para12)Paraphrase:Whenseeingmanyotherstudentsenjoyingtheirlife,thepoorones,stillworryingaboutwhattoeat,nolongerseethemselvesaspartofthecommunity,andtheirsenseofhappinessdwindles.9.IncreasestofederalPellGrantswouldprovidestudentswithresourcesforexpensesassociatedwithbeingincollege,thosecoveredbytuitionandthemanyincidentalsthatarenot.(Para14)incidental:smallamountsofmoneyspentwhiletryingtoachievesomethinge.g.Thecompany’sexpensespolicylimitswhatpeoplecanspendonincidentals.ReadingATextAnalysis

Zoomingin10.ToborrowfromtheactressViolaDavis,diversity“isnotahashtag”tobecelebratedwhenrecruitingpoorstudentsandputonthebackburneroncetheyareoncampus.(Para15)Paraphrase:TocitewhattheactressViolaDavissaid,“diversity”shouldnotbetakenassomethingfashionablewhichmerelylaysemphasisonrecruitingpoorstudents,whilesimplyneglectingthemoncetheyarein.11.Itisonethingtoextendcovetedinvitationstothem.(Para15)coveted:greatlydesirede.g.TheMichelinAwardisthemostcoveteddreamforrestaurantsallovertheworld.ReadingALanguageFocusFillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesmarkedwithA,B,CandD.1.Thehumanbrainisanincredibly______organ.concerned B.complicated C.complacent D.compact2.Halfthepeoplequestionedsaidtheywereopposedtomilitary____inthecivilwar.intervention B.interview C.interval D.interaction3.Theformerly______economyhasbeguntoweaken.enthusiastic B.holistic C.robust D.exciting4.Thepartyhasjustlostofficeandwithita_____numberofseats.A.substantive B.substantial C.standard D.subtleTask1ABBCReadingALanguageFocus5.ThepartnershipbetweentheUnitedStatesandWesternEuropeis_____bydivergingeconomicinterests.undercut B.understood C.underpinned D.undiscovered6.Thegovernmentquietlyputtheschemeontheback_______.corner B.burner C.liner D.manner7.Byanunfortunate______,fullinstructionsdonotcomewiththeproduct.A.overview B.overflow C.overturn D.oversightDBAFillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesmarkedwithA,B,CandD.Task1ReadingALanguageFocus8.Tarrthrewhimselfinfrontofatrainina______efforttosavethechild.A.valiant B.violent C.vigilant D.virile9.Desperatetimes_____desperatemeasures.A.callforth B.callby C.callfor D.callup10.This_______beyondalllimitsofacceptablebehaviour.A.goes B.comes C.excesses D.crossesACFillintheblankswiththemostappropriatewordfromthefourchoicesmarkedwithA,B,CandD.Task1AReadingALanguageFocusCompletethefollowingsummarywithwordsorphraseschosenfromReadingA.Task2Recentsurveysrevealthatmanypoorcollegestudentsarefacing______duringspringbreakwhenmostschoolcafeteriasareclosed.Somecafeteriasmakespecial____________forcertaingroupsofstudents,butnotthelower-incomestudentswhohavetostruggletomake________meet.Foodinsecurity_______________academicperformancebecauseitlowerspoorstudents’grades,weakenstheirsenseofbelonging,theirsocial,emotionalandphysicalwell-beingaswellas____________theirsenseof____________anddifference.Somechangeshavehappenedonindividualcampusesto___________this_____________problem.Buta___________changeneedsmorerobust_____________andcallsfornationalpolicychanges.famineconcessionsendsundercutsamplifyingisolationbattlecomplicatedsystemicinterventionsTask3ReadingALanguageFocus

theprefix“under-”StudythefollowingsentencefromReadingAandguessthemeaningof“undercut”withoutconsultingthedictionary.Canyouthinkofmoresimilarwordswhichareformedwith“under-”?.Foodinsecurityundercutsacademicperformance.华东师范大学出版社Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

theprefix“under-”Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordswith“under-”basedonthemeaninggiveninthebrackets..1.SomepeoplemightthinkI’ve______________inmyjob,butactuallyIhavetriedmybest.(havingdonelessthanyouareabletodo)2.IgetthefeelingthatJohn’scolleaguesaredistinctly______________byhislatestproposal.(feelingnoexcitementaboutoradmirationforsomethingorsomeone)3.Officersseized500bottlesandcansofalcoholfrom____________drinkers.(notoflegalage)华东师范大学出版社underachievedunderwhelmedunderageTask3ReadingALanguageFocus

theprefix“under-”Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordswith“under-”basedonthemeaninggiveninthebrackets..4.Itwasacomedyactwithan__________ofcruelty.(alowornotobviousvoice)5.Therefugeelookspaleand___________.(nothavingenoughfoodtoeat)6.Rothexplainedthatthelegislaturefirstbeganto___________theprogrammebackin1993.(tofailtoprovidesufficientmoneyforsomebodyorsomething)7.Someclaimthatshestillhasconnectionstothecriminal_____________.(theworldofcrime)8.Weshouldhelp______________childrentolearntoread.(havinglessmoneyandfewerpossessionsandopportunitiesthanotherpeople)underfundundertoneunderfedunderworldunderprivilegedTask3ReadingALanguageFocus

preposition“to”withnounsStudythefollowingsentencesfromReadingAandpayattentiontothepreposition“to”.Canyouthinkofmoreexamplesof“noun+to(prep)”?1.DataIcollectedin2016oncollegesthathaveadoptedno-loanfinancialaidpolicies,whichisonewayofmeasuringaschool’scommitmenttolowerincomestudents,…2.Withnoaccesstoakitcheninwhichtocookorstorefood,Michael,aslim,reservedfirst-generationcollegestudent,toldme,....Task3ReadingALanguageFocus

conditionalclauseinanomittedformFillintheblankswiththeappropriateprepositions.1.Ireadmagazinesforadvice______relationships.Hisanxiety_______publicspeakingissobadthathesweatswhenheisonstage.Hetookpleasure_______playingthepiano.ProfessorSmith’sapproach______theexperimentwasincrediblyinnovative.Mostpeopleseemtounderestimatetheadvantage____majoringinphilosophy.Everyoneadmiredthedoctor’sdevotion______herpatients.Itisnotuncommontohaveabelief_______ahigherpower.8.Climatechangeisapotentialthreat______certainspecies.aboutontoinoftointoTask3ReadingALanguageFocus

thenominativeabsoluteStudythefollowingsentencefromReadingAandexplainthecompositionofthestructureinboldred.

Miranda,herwordsheavywithemotion,yelled:“Wedon’thaveakitchen.It’sreallyfrustrating.Whatthehellarewesupposedtodo?”Task3ReadingALanguageFocusWeatherpermitting

thenominativeabsoluteTranslatetheChineseinthebracketsintoEnglishbyusingthenominativeabsolute.1.__________________(如果天气允许),severalboatownersoperatedailyexcursion,usuallystartingataround10.am.2.Sittingforwardonthesofa,_____________________________________________(两肘搭在膝盖上，双手托着脸),Grahamwasstaringpensivelyatthecarpet.3._______________(戏剧结束后),theaudienceleftthetheater.4.______________________(因为父亲对他生气),theboydecidedtoworkharder.5.Weredoubledourefforts,_________________________(一个人干两个人的活).6.__________________(如果给我们更多的时间),weshouldhavedonethejobmuchbetter.hiselbowsonhisknees,hishandscuppedoverhisfaceTheplaydoneHisfatherangrywithhimeachmanworkingliketwoMoretimegivenReadingALanguageFocusTypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’Writings1.Whenwetakepartinsometrainingbutdonotobtainwhatwewanttolearn,wealwaysowethefailuretothebadtrainingcourseorsaythatwearenotadapttothestyleoftheteachers.Analysis:In“owe…to…”,“owe”isusuallyfollowedbysomethinggoodorpositive,soitisnotproperinthesentenceandshouldbereplacedby“attribute…to…”or“blame…on…”.Besides,“always”istoostrongintone,leavingnoroomforotherpossibilities.Finally,“adapt”isaverbandcannotbeplaceddirectlyafter“arenot”.Asuggestedversion:Whenwetakepartinsometrainingbutdonotobtainwhatwewanttolearn,weusuallyattributethefailuretothebadtrainingcourseorsaythatwecannotadapttothestyleoftheteachers.Anothersuggestedversion:Whenwetakepartinsometrainingbutdonotobtainwhatwewanttolearn,weusuallyblamethefailureonthebadtrainingcourseorsaythatwecannotadapttothestyleoftheteachers.ReadingALanguageFocus

TypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’Writings2.Intheotherhand,Ihaveanotherprooftoprovemyopinion.Analysis:“Intheotherhand”isunidiomatic,theproperexpressionbeing“ontheotherhand”.“Prooftoprove”isalsoredundant.Asuggestedversion:Ontheotherhand,Ihaveanotherpieceofevidencetoprovemyopinion.3.OurphotoisplacedwhereIcaneasilyseeitatanytimeasIwant.Itmakesmethinkbackthehappydayswespenttogether.Analysis:“AtanytimeasIwant”isredundant—itwouldbemoreconcisetosay“anytimeIwant”.Besides,“thinkback”cannotbefolloweddirectlybyanobject—thepreposition“to”isneeded.Asuggestedversion:OurphotoisplacedwhereIcaneasilyseeitanytimeIwant.Itmakesmethinkbacktothehappydayswespenttogether.Anothersuggestedversion:OurphotoisplacedwhereIcaneasilyseeitanytimeIwant.Itremindsmeofthehappydayswespenttogether.ReadingALanguageFocus

TypicalMistakesFoundinChineseStudents’Writings4.Henevercomplainedmymother,letalonegaveventtohisangertoher.Analysis:“Complain”isanintransitiveverbandneedsthepreposition“to”or“about”whenitisfollowedbyanobject.“Gaveventtohisangertoher”isnotidiomaticandshouldbereplacedby“ventedhisangeronher”.Asuggestedversion:Henevercomplainedtomymother,letaloneventedhisangeronher.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

Listening(1)Listentothereportandanswerthefollowingquestions.Fashionshapesidentityinnumerousways.1.Accordingtothereport,isprovidingfullscholarshipstostudentsfrompoorruralareaseffectiveinhelpingthemsucceedincollege?2.Howdoesthereportpredictthepotentialfundingissuesencounteredbystudentsinsecond-andthird-tiercolleges?3.Whatdoesthereportconcludeaboutthescholarshipfundingatfirst-tiercolleges?No,itisn’t.Providingfullscholarshipstopoorfirst-yearcollegestudentsdoesnotmeasurablyimprovestudentstresslevels,self-esteem/self-efficacy,orparticipationincollege.Theyarelikelytobemorechallenging.Scholarshipfundingatfirst-tiercollegesmightbeusedmoreefficientlyifitwereprovidedforlower-tiercolleges,highschool,andotherpre-collegepursuits..ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

Listening(2)Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestion.Ofpoorstudentsfromprimaryschools,secondaryschools,andcolleges,whichgroupofthemneedscholarshipsthemost?Openfordiscussion.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

SpeakingAccordingtoacircularreleasedbytheMinistryofEducation,Chinesestudentsfromimpoverishedfamilieswillhaveanadvantageoverothercollegeapplicants.Amongapplicantswiththesamescoreonthenationalcollegeentranceexam,thosefromregisteredimpoverishedfamilieswillreceivepriorityinadmissiontokeycollegesanduniversities.Thenewpolicyispartofaprojecttoprioritizestudentsfrompoorandruralareasinadmissiontokeycollegesanduniversities.Whatdoyouthinkofthisnewpolicy?Whatmightbethestrengthsandweaknessesofthispolicy?Debateingroupsoffouronthefollowingtopic:“Shouldenrollmentprioritybegiventopoorstudents?”Openfordiscussion.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseoftheboldfacedwordsorexpressionsintheEnglishsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Thephrase“springbreak”conjuresupimagesofcollegestudentsloungingonbeachesbydayandhittingtheclubsatnight.2.DataIcollectedin2016revealthatroughlyoneinfourkepttheircafeteriasopenduringspringbreakthesamewaytheydowhenclassesareinsession.2016年我调研获得的数据显示，仅有约四分之一的学校才在春假期间照常开放学校餐厅。“春假”一词能让人想到大学生们日间闲憩海滩，夜晚出入俱乐部的画面。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseoftheboldfacedwordsorexpressionsintheEnglishsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.3.IforagedthroughcampusjobpostingstopickupextrashiftstopayoffmealsIputonmycreditcard.4.Hungerinthemidstofplentyweakensstudents’senseofbelongingandundercutstheirsocial,emotionalandphysicalwell-being.我在校园工作招聘广告中遍寻额外的兼职工作，为的是偿还刷信用卡支付的一日三餐的费用。华东师范大学出版社眼见他人生活富足，自己却有缺食之忧，这会使学生的归属感减弱，也会削弱他们的社会幸福感，有损他们的身心健康。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseoftheboldfacedwordsorexpressionsintheEnglishsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.5.ToborrowfromtheactressViolaDavis,diversity“isnotahashtag”tobecelebratedwhenrecruitingpoorstudentsandputonthebackburneroncetheyareoncampus.华东师范大学出版社借用美国女演员维奥拉·戴维斯的话说，多样性“不是一个社交媒体话题”，不能只在招收寒门学子时备受推崇，而一旦贫困学生入学后，就被搁置一旁。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseoftheboldfacedwordsorexpressionsintheEnglishsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.6.Knowingone’speersareawayrelaxingwhileyouscroungeforfoodmakespoorstudentsnotonlykeenlyawareoftheirowneconomicdisadvantagebutalsoofwhattheircollegesmakethemendurebecauseofit.华东师范大学出版社当贫困学生知道，他们离校的同学在放松身心，享受假期的时候，他们却要靠蹭吃蹭喝度日，这不仅会让他们强烈地意识到自己家境贫困的现状，而且会令他们切身感受到自己的大学在让自己承受家境贫困的苦果。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationMakesenseoftheboldfacedwordsorexpressionsintheEnglishsentences,andthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.7.Inasense,though,springbreakisonethatmanycollegesmakestudentsbuyanyway.8.Withcomedicseriousness,Arianna,whohasaSouthernCaliforniavibe,toldme,“Springbreakisthereal‘HungerGames.’”华东师范大学出版社但可以这么讲，许多大学却还在迫使他们为此埋单。一副美国南加州人模样的阿里安娜，用一本正经却不无调侃的语气告诉我：“春假才是真正的‘饥饿游戏’呢。”ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationTranslatethefollowingChinesesentencesintoEnglishbyusingthewordsorexpressionsgiveninthebrackets.

在中国，每年六月“高考”总会成为微博热门话题之一（hashtag）。从某种意义上讲，寒门学子高考成功意味着未来有机会获得一份好工作，使自己的家庭脱离贫困（inasense,secure）。然而，由于高昂的学费和其他杂费，贫困地区或欠发达地区的部分高中生往往上不起大学（incidental,oftentimes,affordtheluxuryof...）。因此，愈来愈多的人要求教育公平（callfor）。为了招收大量优秀的寒门学子，一些大学为家境贫寒的学生提供了丰厚的助学金（recruit,elite,substantial,makeendsmeet）。ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

TranslationTranslatethefollowingChinesesentencesintoEnglishbyusingthewordsorexpressionsgiveninthebrackets.InChina,gaokao(thenationalcollegeentranceexam)becomesoneofthehottesthashtagsonWeiboeveryJune.Inasense,apoorstudent’ssuccessingaokaomeansachancetosecureagoodjobinthefutureandescapefrompovertyforhisorherfamily.However,duetohightuitioncostsandotherincidentals,somehighschoolstudentsfromimpoverishedareasorunder-developedregionsoftentimescannotaffordtheluxuryofstudyingincolleges.Therefore,moreandmorepeoplecallforeducationequality.Torecruitagreatnumberofmeritoriouspoorstudents,someeliteschoolshavegivensubstantialgrantstothosewhosefamiliescanbarelymakeendsmeet.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

GuidedWritingStep1BrainstormingDiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourpeers.（1）Accordingtotheauthor,whatis“famineduringthespringbreak”?Whatcausesthisphenomenon?（2）Doyoufind“famineduringthespringbreak”inAmericanuniversitieshardtobelieve?WhatkindofAmericanstudentsexperiencefamineduringthespringbreak?Why?（3）ThespringbreakforAmericancollegestudentsisearlierthanourMaydayholidayduetothedifferentsemestersystems.DuringtheMayDayholidaydoyounormallygohomeandstaywithyourparents?Ifyoustayoncampus,wheredoyougoandwhatdoyouhaveforthreemeals?（4）DuringtheMayDayholiday,doyoufindsomeChinesestudentssufferfrom“famine”too?Whyorwhynot?ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

GuidedWritingStep2WritingtaskBasedonthediscussionyouhadwithyourpeers,writeanessayofnolessthan350words,inwhichyoushouldstatesomemeasureswhichtheuniversityandthegovernmentshouldtaketohelpthosestudentsfrompoorfamilies.ReadingAFurtherEnhancement

GuidedWritingStep2WritingTask

ASampleEssayfromaStudent:MyIdeaofCollegeFashionThefamineduringspringbreakthatsomeAmericanstudentssufferisamanifestationoftheirfinancialdifficultyincollege.Whenthestudentdininghallshutsdownduringspringbreak,theyhavenoextramoneytobuyfoodsosomeofthemhavetosufferfromhunger.ThissoundshardtobelieveformostChinesestudents,butitringstrueforthosefrompoorfamilies.Tohelpthembattlefoodinsecurity,boththegovernmentanduniversitieshavemuchtodo.ReadingAFurtherEnhancementFirstofall,moresubstantialscholarshipsortuitionwaiverscanbeofferedtothosestudentsfrompoorfamilies,basedontheirparents’monthlyorannualincome.Theuniversitycanalsoofferthesestudentspart-timejobsoncampus,suchasshelfingbooksinthelibrary,orworkingasofficeaidestothedepartmenttheybelongto,sothattheycanpayofftheirmonthlyexpenses.Inadditiontothesemeasures,myuniversityhasalsoupheldformore