Unit 5 单元测试卷（课标版）（解析版）

Unit5单元培优练第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEveryday,artcomesaliveintheMetropolitanMuseumofArtandthroughitsexhibitionsandevents,revealingnewideasandunexpectedconnectionsacrosstimeandacrosscultures.MakingTheMet1870-2020ThesignatureexhibitionofTheMet’s150th-annivei-saryyeartakesvisitorsonafascinatingjourneythroughthehistoryofoneoftheworld’stopculturalinstitutions.Rarelyseenvaluablerecords,photographs,andstoriesofbothbehind-the-scenesworkandtheMuseum’scommunityoutreachenhancethisuniqueexperience.TheNewBritishGalleriesTheBritishGalleriesexhibitalmostsevenhundredworksofart,includingalargenumberofnewacquisitions.particularlyobjectsmadeinthe,nineteenthcenturythatwerepurchasedwiththisprojectinmind.AboutTime:FashionAndDurationTheCostumeInstitute’s2020exhibitiontracksacenturyandahalfoffashion—from1870tothepresent-alongatroubledtimeline,ontheoccasionofTheMet’s150thanniversary.EmployingHenriBergson’sconceptofladurée(duration),itexploreshowclothesgeneratetime-relatedassociationsthatmixpast,present,andfuture.ArtofNativeAmerica:TheCharlesandValericDikerCollectionThissplendidexhibitionintheMuseum’sAmericanWingshows116masterworks,rangingindatefromthesecondtotheearlytwentiethcentury,thediverseworksarepromisedgifts,donationsandloanstoTheMetfromthepioneeringcollectorsCharlesandValerieDiker.1．whatmakestheexhibitionMakingTheMet1870-2020unique?A．Travellingaroundtheworld.B．Somevaluablerecords,photographsandstories.C．Photographyskills.D．Diversemasterworks.2．Whichexhibitionwillyougoifyouwanttoknowhowfashiondevelops?A．TheNewBritishGalleries. B．ArtofNativeAmerica.C．AboutTime:FashionAndDuration. D．MakingTheMet1870-2020.3．WhatwillyouappreciateintheexhibitionArtofNativeAmerica?A．Astatuemadein106. B．Avasemadein318BC．C．Ateapotmadein2020. D．Aviolinmadein1999.【答案】1．B2．C3．A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大都会艺术博物馆的展览和活动，欢迎大家前去参加。1．细节理解题。根据MakingTheMet1870-2020中“Rarelyseenvaluablerecords,photographs,andstoriesofbothbehind-the-scenesworkandtheMuseum’scommunityoutreachenhancethisuniqueexperience.(难得一见的珍贵记录、照片和幕后工作的故事，以及博物馆的社区推广，都增强了这种独特的体验。)”可知，一些有价值的记录、照片和故事让MakingTheMet1870-2020展览与众不同。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据AboutTime:FashionAndDuration中“EmployingHenriBergson’sconceptofladurée(duration),itexploreshowclothesgeneratetime-relatedassociationsthatmixpast,present,andfuture.(采用HenriBergson的持续时间概念，它探索了服装如何产生融合了过去、现在和未来的与时间有关的联想。)”可知，如果想了解时装是如何发展的，可以去AboutTime:FashionAndDuration展览。故选C项。3．推理判断题。根据ArtofNativeAmerica:TheCharlesandValericDikerCollection中“ThissplendidexhibitionintheMuseum’sAmericanWingshows116masterworks,rangingindatefromthesecondtotheearlytwentiethcentury,thediverseworksarepromisedgifts,donationsandloanstoTheMetfromthepioneeringcollectorsCharlesandValerieDiker.(这次在博物馆美国馆举办的精彩展览展示了116件杰作，范围从2世纪到20世纪早期，这些不同的作品都是先驱收藏家Charles和ValerieDiker承诺送给大都会的礼物、捐赠和贷款。)”可知，可以在ArtofNativeAmerica展览中欣赏到106年建造的雕像。故选A项。BJoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties.“IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps,”saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetime.“Iwasalreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering,”Joseremembered,“butthatwasthemomentIsaid,‘Iwanttoflyinspace.’”Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant(移民)farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose—whodidn’tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsold—spentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute.TheywouldthenreturntoMexicoforChristmasandstartthecyclealloveragaininthespring.“Somekidsmightthinkitwouldbefuntotravellikethat,”Joselaughed,“butwehadtowork”.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,JosewasadmittedintotheUniversityofthePacific.In1987,heacceptedafull-timejobwithLawrenceNationalLaboratory.In2001,JosejoinedtheJohnsonSpaceCenter,wherehecameface-to-facewithFranklinChang-Diaz.“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence.Anybarriersthatexisted,hehadalreadyovercomethem.”Josesmiled.“Nowit’smyturn!”“NASArejectedmenotonce,nottwice,notthreetimesbut11times.Itwasn’tuntilthe12thtimethatIgotselected,”hesaid.Josewasselectedaspartofthe19thclassofastronautsin2004.Hecircledtheglobe217timesbutremainsadowntoEarthguy.JoseHernandezreceivedthe2016NationalHispanicHeroAwardandhecontinueshislonghistoryinthefieldofengineeringandspace.4．WhatmadeJosedeterminedtobeanastronaut?A．TheinfluenceofAstronautCorps. B．Histalentforscienceandengineering.C．ThesuccessofFranklinChang-Diaz. D．Theexperienceofworkinginthefield.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutJoseasachild?A．Hedidmuchfarmwork. B．Hetravelledalotforfun.C．HehatedlearningEnglish. D．Heobeyedhisfamilyineverything.6．HowdidJosefeelwhenhemetFranklinChang-Diazpersonally?A．Inspired. B．Valued.C．Relaxed. D．Puzzled.7．WhatcanwelearnfromJose’sstory?A．Lovebreaksdownbarriers. B．Educationisthekeytosuccess.C．Timeismoney. D．Don’tquit.【答案】4．C5．A6．A7．D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JoseHermandez克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第二段““IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps,"saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetimedwasalreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering,Joseremembered,"butthatwasthemomentIsaid,'lwanttoflyinspace.(“当时我在斯托克顿附近的一块田里工作，我从收音机里听到FranklinChang-Diaz被宇航队选中了，”Jose说道，他在高中时已经对科学和工程感兴趣，Jose记得，“但就在那一刻，我说：我想在太空中飞行。”)”可知，是FranklinChang-Diaz的成功让Jose决心成为一名宇航员。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant(移民)farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose-whodidn'tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsoldspentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute."(来自有四个孩子的墨西哥流动的农民家庭，Jose一直到12岁才学习英语，他童年的大部分时间和家人旅行。每年三月从墨西哥到南加州，然后11月向北到斯托克顿地区工作，在沿线的农场摘草莓和黄瓜)”可知，他小的时候，曾在农场工作。故选A项。6．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence."(我们实际上有共同的经历，相似的成长经历，同样的语言问题。这让我树立了信心)”中的builtupmyconfidence可以推测出，Jose遇到FranklinChang-Diaz本人的时候，是深受鼓舞的（inspired）。其他选项不符合题意。故选A项。7．推理判断题。根据第一段“JoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties."(JoseHernandez克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想)”可知，全文主要是关于JoseHernandez如何克服困难最后成为宇航员的故事。由此推知，我们应该学习他不放弃（don’tquit）的精神。故选D项。CIfMarswerethepopularkidinschool,Venus（金星）wouldbetheunwelcomeonesittinginthecorner,largelyignored.VenushasnearlythesamemassandsizeasEarth,butbeingclosertothesun,itgetsnearlytwiceasmuchheatfromthesun.However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine(磷化氢)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.ThatisbecausetheonlywaythisgasismadeonEarthisinlaboratoriesorbymicrobes(微生物).Thoughthisdoesn'tmeanitwasproducedbylifeonVenus,attemptstofindnon-biologicalexplanationsforitspresencehavesofarfailed.OurbestwayofconfirmingorrejectingthepossibilityoflifeonVenusistogoandhaveaproperlook.WhileMarshasbeenthefocusofinterplanetaryexplorationeffortslately,thephosphinediscoveryletspeoplelookatVenusinanewlight.AsNASAadministratorJimBridenstinetweeted:“It’stimetoprioritizeVenus.”Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.8．WhichdescriptionaboutVenusisnottrue?A．ItisalmostaslargeasEarth.B．IthasnearlythesamemassasEarth.C．IthasawarmerEarth-likeclimate.D．Ithastheunbearablesurfaceandatmosphere.9．WhatcanthediscoveryofphosphineonVenusindicate?A．Thiskindofgasisverycommon.B．Theremightexistsignsoflife.C．Manyproductscanbemadewithit.D．Experimentswereonceconductedthere.10．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Theapproachestoexploringphosphine.B．Theimportanceofobservations.C．Thepowerofcomputersimulations.D．Thenecessitytoanalysephosphine.11．Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetotheexplorationofVenus?A．Casual. B．Cautious. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。随着磷化氢被发现在金星，科学家们相信金星上可能孕育着生命。8．细节理解题。根据第二段“However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.”（然而，金星的气候并不像地球那样温暖，金星的表面和大气层令人难以忍受:硫酸云覆盖了整个行星，而在地面上，温度高到足以融化铅。）由此可知，C选项“金星有像地球一样温暖的气候”错误。故选C项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.”（尽管如此，现在有迹象表明金星可能孕育生命）根据第三段“JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetectedphosphine(磷化氢)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.”（英国卡迪夫大学的简·格里夫斯和她的同事最近在金星的大气层中发现了磷化氢，一种可能的解释是，它是生物的副产品）由此可知，磷化氢的发现表明金星上可能有生命的迹象。故选B项。10．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulationswillbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.”（在未来的几个月和几年里，计算机模拟将被用来进一步研究金星大气可能的化学性质。将进行更多的实验室实验，试图确定生产磷化氢的其他方法。然而，不能保证这些努力会揭示金星上这种物质的真实性质。一个新提出的策略是直接对金星的大气层和表面进行取样。通过这样做，我们将能够直接测量磷化氢。）可知，第五段主要是关于探索磷化氢的方法。故选A项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus'satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh.”（在金星大气中发现磷化氢是一项伟大的成就。科学努力可能正是我们最终重新关注这个被忽视的世界所需要的。也许，角落里安静的孩子会笑到最后。）由此判断出，作者对于探索金星持支持的态度。故选C项。DHowimportantisfishfarming?Very.Althoughit'sanancientbusiness,theriseofaquaculturehasbeenoneofthebiggestrevolutionsinfoodsupplyoverthepasthalfcentury.Aquaculturehasmadefishmoreaffordableforconsumersaroundtheworld,popularizingtheconsumptionofwhatusedtobeexpensive,andeasingthepressureonhard-pressedwildstocks.Aquaculturealsohasmanyclearenvironmentalbenefits:comparedwithotherwaysofgrowinganimalprotein,ituseslittleornoland,andhaslowgreenhouseemissions.Andwhiletheworldhastraditionallyhadabadrecordofregulatingwildfishing,fishfarminggenerallyoccurswithintheboundariesofgovernments,meaningitshould,intheory,bemucheasiertoensurethatgoodpracticesareupheld.Crowdinglargenumbersoffishintolimitedspacesmeansthatwasteproducts,includingwaste,uneatenfoodanddeadfish,arepouredintothesurroundingwaters,pollutingthem.Besides,thepesticidesanddrugsusedtotreatconditionsthatupsetfishinconcentratednumberscanalsoaffectlocalwildlife.Manyfarmedfisharefedonotherfish,sotheindustryalsoputspressureonwildstocks：aboutafifthofallcaughtfish,some18milliontonnes,isusedforfishoilandfishmealproduction.Thereisalsotheproblemoffishescaping,withpotentiallydangerouseffectsonsurroundingecosystems.In2018theScottishParliament’senvironmentcommitteepublishedareportintothefishfarmingindustry’senvironmentaleffects,statingthatkeyproblemssimplyhadn’tbeentackled,andthattheScottishgovernment’splantodoublesalmonoutputby2030couldcause“irrecoverabledamage”toecosystems.Sincethen,protectionshavebeentoughened.Thereisnowmorepressurefromregulatorstosituatefarmsinremote,deep-waterlocations.Meanwhile,though,catchesofScottishwildsalmonhavefallentotheirlowestlevelsincerecordsbeganin1952.“Therearegoodreasonsforfishfarmingandrealdangerstoitaswell.”concludesanofficial.“Thequestionishowtomakeitwork.”12．Howhasfishfarmingbenefitedpeople?A．Ithasmanyclearenvironmentaleffects.B．Itcanmonitorthewildfishin1imitedareas.C．Itmakesiteasierformorepeopletoconsumefish.D．It’seasierforthegovernmenttomakefishproduct.13．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thereasonsforfishfarming. B．Thedownsidesofaquaculture.C．Thedevelopmentofseaexploring. D．Theeffectsonsurroundingecosystems.14．WhatdoweknowaboutfishfarmingaccordingtotheScottishreport?A．Themassivefishfarmingmaydamageecosystems.B．Theproblemsoffishfarmingarelikelytobesolved.C．Thefishfarmingindustryhasnoeffectonenvironment.D．TheScottishgovernmentplanstodoublefishoutputnow.15．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsaquaculture?A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Disapproving.【答案】12．C13．B14．A15．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了水产养殖，介绍了水产养殖利与弊以及如何改善养殖环境。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aquaculturehasmadefishmoreaffordableforconsumersaroundtheworld,popularizingtheconsumptionofwhatusedtobeexpensive,andeasingthepressureonhard-pressedwildstocks.(水产养殖让世界各地的消费者更能买得起鱼，普及了过去昂贵的鱼类消费，并缓解了野生鱼类面临的压力)”可知，养鱼可以使更多的人有条件食用鱼，让人们受益。故选C。13．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Crowdinglargenumbersoffishintolimitedspacesmeansthatwasteproducts,includingwaste,uneatenfoodanddeadfish,arepouredintothesurroundingwaters,pollutingthem.Besides,thepesticidesanddrugsusedtotreatconditionsthatupsetfishinconcentratednumberscanalsoaffectlocalwildlife.Manyfarmedfisharefedonotherfish,sotheindustryalsoputspressureonwildstocks：aboutafifthofallcaughtfish,some18milliontonnes,isusedforfishoilandfishmealproduction.Thereisalsotheproblemoffishescaping,withpotentiallydangerouseffectsonsurroundingecosystems.(大量的鱼挤在有限的空间意味着产生废品，包括垃圾、未吃的食物和死鱼，被倾倒到周围的水域，污染它们。此外，杀虫剂和药物被用来治疗大量鱼类的疾病，也会影响当地的野生动物。许多养殖的鱼以其他鱼为食，因此渔业也给野生鱼类种群带来了压力：约有五分之一——约1800万吨的捕捞鱼被用于生产鱼油和鱼粉。此外还有鱼类逃逸的问题，这对周围的生态系统有潜在的危险影响)”可知，第三段谈论的是水产养殖的弊端。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In2018theScottishParliament’senvironmentcommitteepublishedareportintothefishfarmingindustry’senvironmentaleffects,statingthatkeyproblemssimplyhadn’tbeentackled,andthattheScottishgovernment’splantodoublesalmonoutputby2030couldcause“irrecoverabledamage”toecosystems.(2018年，苏格兰议会环境委员会发布了一份关于养鱼业环境影响的报告，称关键问题根本没有得到解决，苏格兰政府计划到2030年将三文鱼产量翻一番，这可能会对生态系统造成“无法恢复的破坏”)”故根据苏格兰的报告，可知大规模的鱼类养殖可能会破坏生态系统。故选A。15．推理判断题。文章前面介绍了水产养殖的利与弊。最后一段中““Therearegoodreasonsforfishfarmingandrealdangerstoitaswell.”concludesanofficial.“Thequestionishowtomakeitwork.”(有充分的理由进行水产养殖，但是也有危险，”一位官员总结说。“问题是如何使它好好运营”)”由此可以推测，作者对解决水产养殖的问题持有客观的态度。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePomodoroTechniquewasdevelopedbyFrancescoCirillointhe1980s.Thetechniqueusesatimertodivideyourworkinto25-minutesessionscalled"pomodori."__16__Whenyouhavecompletedfourpomodori,it'stimeforalongerbreakof20to30minutes.It'ssimpleandeasytouse.Followthestepsbelowtostartusingit.●Checkyourschedule.Yourfirststepistocheckyourschedule.__17__Estimatehowlongeachtaskshouldtakeyou,intermsofthenumberofpomodoriyouwillneedtocompleteit.●Setyourtimer.Beforeyoustart,makesurethatyouhaveeverythingyouneed.Setyourtimerfortheworkperiodyou'vesettledon.●Takeashortbreak.Whenyourtimergoesoff,takeafive-minutebreak.Youshoulddothisevenifyou'rebusy,becausethesebreaksareyourtimetorestand"rechargeyourbatteries."__18__ThePomodoroapproachworksbymaintainingyourenergy,sothatyoudon'tneedtoworkontaskswhenyourconcentrationlevelsarelow.●___19___Whenyourbreakisover,resetyourtimerforthenextsessionandcontinueyourwork.Whenyou'vecompletedfourpomodori,takea20-to30-minutebreak.Useittogoforawalk,havelunch,readabook...anything,solongasittakesyouawayfromyourdeskforawhileandclearsyourmind.Remember,itisimportanttolistentoyourbody.Ifyourmindstartstowanderoryoustarttofeeltired,don'tpushthroughtotheendofthesession.___20___Itmaybethatthreepomodorifollowedbya20-minutebreaksuitsyoubest,orthatfivesessionsfollowedbya30-minutebreakisbetter.A．Youmightwanttoexperimentwiththis.B．Youcanusewhateversortoftimeryoulike.C．Aftereachsession,youtakeafive-minutebreak.D．Irregularshortbreakshelptokeepyoufocusedandenergetic.E．Continueyourworksessionsandtakealongerbreak.F．Cirilloarguesthatenergylevelsarefarmoreimportantthantime.G．Lookatyourto-dolistandthinkaboutwhatyouneedtodotoday.【答案】16．C17．G18．F19．E20．A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世纪80年代发明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步骤。16．根据上一句Thetechniqueusesatimertodivideyourworkinto25-minutesessionscalled“pomodori.”这种方法使用计时器将你的工作分成25分钟的时间段，称为“pomodori”；以及下一句Whenyouhavecompletedfourpomodori,it'stimeforalongerbreakof20to30minutes.

当你完成了4个pomodori，就需要20到30分钟的休息时间。可知此处内容与休息的时间有关，选项C“每个时间段结束后，休息五分钟。”符合题意。故选C。17．根据上一句Yourfirststepistocheckyourschedule.

你的第一步是查看你的时间表。可知此处内容与查看时间表和任务有关，选项G“看看你的任务清单，想想你今天需要做什么。”符合题意。故选G。18．根据下一句ThePomodoroapproachworksbymaintainingyourenergy,sothatyoudon'tneedtoworkontaskswhenyourconcentrationlevelsarelow.Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，这样当你的注意力不集中的时候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了。可知此处内容与西里洛认为保持能量比较重要有关，选项F“西里洛认为，能量水平远比时间重要。”符合题意。故选F。19．此处是本段小标题。根据下文

Whenyourbreakisover,resetyourtimerforthenextsessionandcontinueyourwork.

Whenyou'vecompletedfourpomodori,takea20-to30-minutebreak.

当你的休息结束后，为下一阶段重置你的定时器并继续你的工作。当你完成了4个pomodori，休息20-30分钟。可知此处内容与休息时间后继续工作有关，选项E“继续工作，休息更长时间。”符合题意。故选E。20．根据下一句Itmaybethatthreepomodorifollowedbya20-minutebreaksuitsyoubest,orthatfivesessionsfollowedbya30-minutebreakisbetter.也许3个时间段后休息20分钟最适合你，或者5个时间段后休息30分钟更好。可知此处内容与尝试新的时间段和休息时间有关，选项A“你可能想要尝试一下。”符合题意。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnceIfailedmycomprehensiveexamatuniversity.Suddenly,IfeltIwasa____21____.Forthefirsttime,Ifeltcompletelyoutofcontrol.Istartedtogoona(n)____22____todealwithmystressandanxietythat____23____mydesireforperfection.Whatbeganasaseemingly____24____“lifestylechange”turnedintoaneatingdisorder.Ispentmoretime____25____rice,cakesandotherfoodsthanstudying.Toeat“____26____“mealsathome,Ioftenturneddownsocialgatherings.Over9months,asmystressandanxiety____27____,Iatesmallerandsmallerdishesanddenied(拒绝给予）my____28____thefooditneeded.SometimesIwouldalmost____29____uponstandingandIbecameawalkingskeleton(瘦骨如柴的人).MyfamilyandadviseraskedwhetherIwasOKand_____30_____timeawayfrommylab,butmybrainmadeexcusesforhowIwasfeelingandbehaving.I_____31_____believedIwasmakingmyselfbetter.Ididn'tputanametothe_____32_____untilIcameacrossanarticleaboutdisorderedeating.Ifinallysoughtthehelpofa(n)_____33_____.Hetoldmethatmyeatingdisorderhad_____34_____todowithfood,exercise,orweight.____35____,itwasaboutmydesiretobeexceptional.Throughweeklysessions,Iunpacked25yearsofneedingtobe_____36_____.Ilearnedtoolstoacknowledgeandprocessmyfeelings,notbymeansof_____37_____calories.Now,havingbeenontheroadto_____38_____foroneyearandahalf,Ientermyfinalyearofgraduateschoolwithacompletely_____39_____mindsetaboutthepersonIwant—ratherthanneed—tobe.Yes,Istillwantto_____40_____.ButIdon'twanttoseekperfection.21．A．fool B．failure C．pest D．patient22．A．diet B．journey C．exercise D．relaxation23．A．caused B．weakened C．discouraged D．accompanied24．A．harmless B．timely C．useless D．wonderful25．A．purchasing B．digesting C．throwing D．weighing26．A．cheap B．delicious C．safe D．colorful27．A．arose B．disappeared C．increased D．stretched28．A．system B．spirit C．mouth D．stomach29．A．blackout B．breakdown C．backoff D．pullthrough30．A．banned B．passed C．saved D．suggested31．A．hardly B．firmly C．finally D．obviously32．A．affair B．desire C．problem D．situation33．A．adviser B．physician C．professor D．scientist34．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something35．A．Instead B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise36．A．ambitious B．perfect C．popular D．healthy37．A．collecting B．consuming C．storing D．restricting38．A．growth B．recovery C．competition D．treatment39．A．different B．special C．realistic D．simple40．A．explore B．learn C．succeed D．change【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．A25．D26．C27．C28．D29．A30．D31．B32．C33．B34．C35．A36．B37．D38．B39．A40．C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次考试失败，为了应对内心的紧张焦虑开始了节食，因为节食而导致饮食混乱，身体日渐消瘦，最后医生告知,作者的内心紧张焦虑的最根本原因是作者内心里一直追求完美，作者听取医生的建议，改变心态，顺利地从学校里毕业。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我觉得自已是一个失败者。A.fool傻瓜；B.failure失败者；C.pest害虫；D.patient病人。根据前一句“Ifailedmycomprehensiveexam”（我在综合测试中失败）可知，此处选“失败者”切合题意。故选B。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决那个陪伴我的追求完美的愿望而导致的紧张焦虑，我开始节食了。A.diet饮食；B.journey旅程；C.exercise运动；D.relaxation放松。根据下一句中的“eatingdisorder”（饮食混乱）可知，作者开始节食，短语goonadiet意为“开始节食”。故选A。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了解决那个陪伴我的追求完美的愿望而导致的紧张焦虑，我开始节食了。A.caused引起；B.weakened减弱；C.discouraged使泄气；D.accompanied陪伴。根据后文医生建议“itwasaboutmydesiretobeexceptional.”（我的饮食混乱与我想成为优胜者有关）可知，这种心理想法一直陪伴着我。故选D。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刚开始时看起来似乎无害的“生活方式改变”转变为饮食混乱。A.harmless无害的；B.timely及时的；C.useless无用的；D.wonderful很棒的。根据后半句的“饮食混乱”可知，刚开始时作者认为这种“生活方式改变”是无害的。故选A。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花比学习更多的时间来称重米饭、蛋糕及其他食物。A.purchasing购买；B.digesting消化；C.throwing扔；D.weighing称重。根据前文可知作者要节食，所以会注意每餐食物摄入量，会为食物称重。故选D。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了能在家里吃“安全”的饭菜，我经常拒绝社交聚餐。A.cheap便宜的；B.delicious美味的；C.safe安全的；D.colorful五颜六色的。根据作者的节食意图可知，节食的人讲究的是饭菜的健康与安全，C项符合作者节食意图。故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：9个月来，随着我的紧张焦虑不断增长，我吃得越来越少，拒绝给予我的胃所需要的食物。A.arose出现；B.disappeared消失；C.increased增长；D.stretched伸展。根据句中“我吃得越来越少”可知是作者的紧张焦虑不断增长影响了食欲。故选C。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：9个月来，随着我的紧张焦虑不断增长，我吃得越来越少，拒绝给予我的胃所需要的食物。A.system系统；B.spirit精神；C.mouth嘴巴；D.stomach胃。根据语境可知，胃里需要食物消化，D项符合语境逻辑。故选D。29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时候我站立时会晕倒，变成一个行走的骨瘦如柴的人。A.blackout晕倒；B.breakdown出故障；C.backoff后退；D.pullthrough渡过难关。根据and后面“变成一个行走的骨瘦如柴的人”可知，我因体质太差会晕倒，符合语境。故选A。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我家人和指导老师问我身体是否正常，建议我不要去实验室，但是我的大脑为我当时的感觉和表现行为找到一些理由。A.banned禁止；B.passed通过；C.saved节约；D.suggested建议。根据语境可知，家人与导师担心我的健康状况，所以会建议我多休息，建议我不要去实验室。故选D。31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坚信我正在使自已变得更好。A.hardly几乎不；B.firmly坚定地；C.finally最终；D.obviously明显地。根据前文“我为自已找到理由”可知，作者认为自已正变得更好，所以应该是“我坚信我自已会变得更好”。故选B。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到我偶然遇到一篇关于饮食混乱的文章，我才意识到这个问题。A.affair事情；B.desire欲望；C.problem问题；D.situation情况。根据前文作者越来越焦虑，饮食越来越少的情况可知，作者当时的状况是一个需要解决的问题。故选C。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后我向医生求助。A.adviser顾问；B.physician医生；C.professor教授；D.scientist科学家。根据作者的饮食混乱情况及看了一篇文章意识到问题严重的情况可知，病人生病了应该求助于医生。故选B。34．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我的饮食混乱问题与食物本身、运动或体重无关。它反而与我想成为优胜者的欲望相关。A.anything任何东西；B.everything每件事；C.nothing没事；D.something某事。根据后一句“它反而与我想成为优胜者的欲望相关”可知，我的饮食混乱问题与食物本身、运动或体重无关。短语havenothingtodowith意为“与某事无关”。故选C。35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我的饮食混乱问题与食物本身、运动或体重无关。它反而与我想成为优胜者的欲望相关。A.Instead反而；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据前一句“我的饮食混乱问题与食物本身、运动或体重无关。”可知，此处用instead承接下句，意为“它反而与我想成为优胜者的欲望相关”，符合前后句间的逻辑。故选A。36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过每周的会议谈话，我解除了25年来我认为我必需完美的内心负担。A.ambitious野心勃勃的；B.perfect完美的；C.popular流行的；D.healthy健康的。根据最后一句“ButIdon’twanttoseekperfection.（我不想去寻找完美）可知，作者的紧张焦虑的根源在于内心里太讲究完美性，所以要学会放下。故选B。37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了承认与处理情感的工具，不是通过限制热量卡路里。A.collecting收集；B.consuming消耗；C.storing贮存；D.restricting限制。根据前文作者节食对食物称重的行为可知，作者这么久来都在错误地限制自已的热量摄入。故选D。38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在康复之路上有一年半了，我以一种完全不同的关于想成为什么人的心态进入我研究生院的最后一年——而不是必需想成为什么人。根据上文“Ilearnedtoolstoacknowledgeandprocessmyfeelings,notbymeansof____17____calories.”可知，作者改变了自己的想法，身体得到了恢复。A.growth生长；B.recovery恢复；C.competition比赛；D.treatment治疗。故选B。39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在康复之路上有一年半了，我以一种完全不同的关于想成为什么人的心态进入我研究生院的最后一年——而不是必需想成为什么人。A.different不同的；B.special特别的；C.realistic现实的；D.simple简单的。根据作者看医前后心态对比的情况，可知作者改变了任何事都想完美性的心态，与之前是完全不同的。故选A。40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，我依然想要成功，但是我不想寻找完美。A.explore探索；B.learn学会；C.succeed成功；D.change改变。根据作者之前一直追求完美性想成功的心态，与最后一句“但是我不想寻找完美”可知，“我依然想要成功”。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China'sfirstnationalparkintheSanjiangyuanarea,___41___(cover)atotalareaof123,100squarekilometers,willopenin2020onschedule.Sanjiangyuan,thesourceoftheYangtze,YellowandLancang___42___(river),ishometohundredsofspeciesofwildanimals.Itisalsotheworld's___43___(high)naturereservewithanaveragealtitudeof4,700meters.Theenvironmenthad___44___(previous)worseneddue,toclimatechangesandhumanactivities.Sincethetrialoperationoftheparkin2016,theecologicalenvironmentoftheareahasgreatlyimproved.Thegrasslandcoverageoftheareahasrisento11percentandgrass,outputjumped30percentcomparedwiththelastdecade.___45___numberofwildanimalshasalsoseenarapidincrease.Unlikenaturereserves,___46___protectuniquespecies,nationalparksstresstheprotectionoftheentireecosystem.ThefoundationoftheSanjiangyuanNationalParkisofgreat___47___(significant)tothesecurityofwaterresource