Unit 9 第3课时 Section A Grammar Focus-4c【知识精研】八年级英语下册（人教版）

第3课时SectionAGrammarFocus-4c初中英语/人教版/八年级下册

Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?

01Review05Summary03Presentation02Grammar06Homework04Exercises01020304语言能力思维品质文化意识学习能力学习目标掌握下列词汇：acoupleof,German,theme,ride,province

通过观察、讨论、归纳等课堂活动，探究现在完成时态表示过去经历的用法，提高思维的逻辑性和创新性，加强语言表达的准确性。通过谈论过去经历的过程中，能够了解各类博物馆、主题公园等地方,互相交流曾经去过的地方，増长知识，开阔视野，立志努力学习，体会旅游的乐趣。通过阅读翻译Grammarfocus中的句子，翻译填空，能够说出现在完成时的结构、用法；能够说出现在完成时的标志词ever,never的用法，能给区别me,too和meneither的用法。ReviewPart01--Haveyoueverbeento_______________.-Me,too.aspacemuseum--Yes,Ihave.--Haveyoueverbeento_________________.anamusementpark-Meneither.--No,Ihaven’t.--____________________________________?Haveyoueverbeentoahistorymuseum--_____,Ihave.Yes-Me,too.=SohaveI.--_________everbeento_____________?Haveyouanartmuseum--No,I_________.haven’t-Meneither.=NeitherhaveI.--______________________________?Haveyoueverbeentoawaterpark--Yes,_________.Ihave=Me,too.-SohaveI.A:Haveyoueverbeento…?B:Yes,Ihave.

\No,Ihaven’t.\No,never.Howaboutyou?

A:Me,too.\SohaveI.

\Meneither.\NeitherhaveI.filmmuseumspacemuseumtheGreatWallHainanzooShanghaiInterview:(采访你的同桌)Haveyoueverbeento…?Yes,Ihave./Ihaveeverbeento…No,Ihaven’t./Ihaveneverbeento…Namezoo

park

supermarketaquariummuseumIMydeskmateReport:Ihaveeverbeento***,butIhaveneverbeento***.Myfriendhaseverbeento***,buthe/shehasneverbeento***.Grammar

Part02Haveyoueverbeentosciencemuseum?Yes,I’vebeentoasciencemuseum./No,I’veneverbeentoasciencemuseum.Haveyouevervisitedthespacemuseum?Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear./No,Ihaven’t.I’vebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.Me,too.AndI’vealsovisitedthenaturemuseum.I’veneverbeentoawaterpark.Me,neither.GrammarFocusReadthesentencesandtranslatethem.1.你曾去过科学博物馆吗？____you_________tosciencemuseum?2.是的，我曾去过科学博物馆。\不，我曾没去过科学博物馆。Yes,I’ve_______asciencemuseum./No,I’ve___________asciencemuseum.3.你曾经参观过太空博物馆吗？Haveyou_________thespacemuseum?4.是的，我参观过太空博物馆。我去年去过那里\不，我没去过。Yes,Ihave.I__________lastyear./No,Ihaven’t.5.我已经去过美术馆许多次了。6.我也是。我还参观过自然博物馆。I’ve________theartmuseummanytimes.Me,_____.AndI’vealso______thenaturemuseum.7.我曾没去过水上乐园。I’ve______________awaterpark.8.我也没去过。Me,_______.HaveeverbeenbeentoneverbeentoevervisitedwenttherebeentotoovisitedneverbeentoneitherGrammarFocusWhatdidyoufindout?Haveyoueverbeentosciencemuseum?Yes,I’vebeentoasciencemuseum./No,I’veneverbeentoasciencemuseum.Haveyouevervisitedthespacemuseum?Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear./No,Ihaven’t.I’vebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.Me,too.AndI’vealsovisitedthenaturemuseum.I’veneverbeentoawaterpark.Me,neither.现在完成时的结构和用法。(前情回顾—复习)1.现在完成时基本结构

助动词

have/has+V过去分词Hehastraveledonatrain.他坐过火车。Theyhavejustfinishedtheirhomework.他们刚完成作业。2.现在完成时的用法（1）：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作（短暂性动词）对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的影响或者结果。Ihaveopenedthedoor.我打开了门。现在完成时包含两层意思，一是动作是过去某个时间发生的；二是现在含存在过去动作的影响或结果。现在完成时即联系现在又说明过去。这句话包含两层意思，一是门是过去某个时候打开的，二是门现在还是开着的。开门动作的影响和结果还存在。图示法表示pastIhadbreakfast.I'mnothungrynow.presentIhave

already

hadbreakfast.（早餐过去吃的，现在不饿。）pastTomfinishedreadingthebook.Nowheknowsth.aboutthebook.presentTomhas

alreadyfinishedreadingthebook.(Tom已经读完了这本书。)2.现在完成时的用法（2）：表示动作从过去某一时间开始，并一直持续到现在的动作或者状态。而且可能还要继续下去。这个用法，现在完成时常与“for+时间段”或“since+时间点/从句”连用，这时要用延续性动词。这个用法到Unit10再具体学习。pastImovedherein1990.Istilllivehere.presentIhave

livedherefor30years.(30年来一直生活在这里）图示法表示现在完成时的常用时间状语(标志词)already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词,但它们的用法不同。already一般用于_____句中.意为“______”,通常放在________和_________之间。yet一般用于______句中,意为“______”;也可以用于______句中,意为“_______”肯定已经have\has过去分词疑问已经否定还(没)Haveyoureadmanybooksyet?Yes,I’ve

already

readmanybooks.No,notyet.Ihavefinishedmyhomework

already.GrammarFocusWhatdidyoufindout?Haveyouever

beentosciencemuseum?Yes,I’vebeentoasciencemuseum./No,I’ve

never

beentoasciencemuseum.Haveyouever

visitedthespacemuseum?Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear./No,Ihaven’t.I’vebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.Me,too.AndI’vealsovisitedthenaturemuseum.I’ve

never

beentoawaterpark.Me,neither.现在完成时和ever,never连用，表达经历。现在完成时常用havebeento（去过），ever

（曾经），never（从未）等表示经历。-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗？-No,IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.不，我从未去过长城。ever作副词，意为“曾经”，常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句和肯定句中，置于主语之后，过去分词之前你曾参观过故宫博物馆吗?Haveyou____________thePalaceMuseum?evervisited你曾经看过《美国达人秀》这个节目吗？HaveyoueverseentheshowAmerica’sGotTalent?never作副词，意为“从不；从未”，用于现在完成时中，表示否定，位于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。她从未去过三亚。ShehasneverbeentoSanya.例:I________________toHongKong.我从来没去过香港。haveneverbeen注意:有ever,never此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗?-No,IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.不,我从未去过长城。just（刚刚），before（以前；之前），sofar（到目前为止）也可以用于现在完成时，谈论刚刚发生的动作或者过去的经历。现在完成时的标志词还有：Haveyouhelpedothersbefore？你以前帮助过别人吗？Ihavejust

helpedalittlekid.我刚刚帮助了一个小孩。Ihave

never

helpedothersbefore.我之前从未帮助过别人。注意区别

just和

justnow，两者都表示“刚刚”时，just用于完成时.justnow

用于一般过去时GrammarFocusWhatdidyoufindout?Haveyoueverbeentosciencemuseum?Yes,I’vebeentoasciencemuseum./No,I’veneverbeentoasciencemuseum.Haveyouevervisitedthespacemuseum?Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear./No,Ihaven’t.I’vebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.Me,too.AndI’vealsovisitedthenaturemuseum.I’veneverbeentoawaterpark.Me,neither.havebeento,havegongto和hasbeenin用法区别。have/hasbeento意为“曾经去过某地”，表示去过某地，现在已经回来了。通常与表示次数的词（组）连用，如twice，severaltimes等。MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice．我父亲去过北京两次。IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall．

我从未去过长城。have/hasgoneto意为“去了某地”，表示到某地去了，强调说话时去某地的人不在场（可能在途中，也可能已到达某地）。have/hasbeenin\at…表示“在某地待了多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。他的叔叔在伦敦已经待了两个星期了。

HisunclehasbeeninLondonfortwoweeks.She__________Europetwice.

He__________England.

（已经回来了）（现在不在这里）hasbeentohasgoneto注意：若have/hasbeento或have/hasgoneto后接副词，则省略to。Hehasbeenabroadmanytimes.他多次出国。Hehasgonehome.他回家去了。Fillintheblanks.1.Mymother__________Beijingtwice.我的妈妈去过北京两次了。2.—IsthatTomoverthere?那边是汤姆吗？—Itcan’tbehim.He__________Chengdu.不可能是他，他去成都了。hasbeentohasgoneto3.我去过海南岛两次。I_______________HainanIslandtwice.4.汤姆不在家，他去了上海。Tom

isn’t

at

home.

He

____

____

____

Shanghai.5.他来上海两周了。He_______________fortwoweekks.6.我在公交车站半小时了。I_______________thebussationforhalfanhour.havebeentohasgonetohasbeeninhasbeenatGrammarFocusWhatdidyoufindout?Haveyoueverbeentosciencemuseum?Yes,I’vebeentoasciencemuseum./No,I’veneverbeentoasciencemuseum.Haveyouevervisitedthespacemuseum?Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear./No,Ihaven’t.I’vebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.Me,too.AndI’vealsovisitedthenaturemuseum.I’veneverbeentoawaterpark.Me,neither.Me,too.和Meneither.的

用法区别。(1)Me,too翻译为“我也一样”,表示后者与前者情形相同,so+助动词\系动词be\情态动词+主语,此处也可以说__________.SohaveI我也一样/如此我也没有(2)Meneither翻译为“我也没…”后者与前者情形相同“也不……”neither+助动词\系动词be\情态动词+主语,此处也可以说____________.NeitherhaveI1．—Iwon’tgototheparktomorrow.Whataboutyou?—_________.A．SodoI B．NeitherwillI C．NeitherdidI D．SodidI2．—Tomdancessowell.—________.A．Sodoeshe B．Neitherdoeshe C．Sohedoes√√现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一比较:1.A:Whatdidyoudolastweekend?

B:Isawanewmovie.

2.A:Wouldyouliketoseethemoviewithme?

B:Thanksforyourinviting,butIhaveseenitalready.总结一般过去时现在完成时1.用法不同(只谈论上周末做的事情，不涉及现在)(影响：因为已经看过了，所以现在不去看了)只表示过去的动作或状态(不涉及现在)表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响或结果(与现在有联系)比较:1.

Tom___________(sweep)theflooryesterday.

2.

Myfamily

___________(go)toBeijinglastyear.

3.

I___________(can)rideabikewhenIwas

6yearsold.

4.I________________(notfinish)myhomework

yet.

5.

He___________(work)inthecity

foreightyears.

6.判断正误:I

havevisitedmygrandparentsyesterday.

Hehasfinishedhisworktwodaysago.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别二(注:现在完成时的不能与表示过去的时间状语连用)sweptwentcouldhaven’tfinishedhasworked总结一般过去时现在完成时2.时间状语不同already,yet,just,ever,

never,so

far,次数,for+时间段,since+时间点\从句...yesterday,lastweek,...ago,in1995，inthepast,

justnow,when...PresentationPart034aPutthecorrectformsoftheverbsintheblanks.1.A:Doyouwant________(come)tothespacemuseum?B:No,I'vealready______(be)therethreetimes.2.A:Haveyou_____(see)therobotsatthesciencemuseum?B:Yes,I_____(go)therelastweekend.3.A:Let’s_______(spend)thedayatthezoo.B:Well,I’vealready______(be)thereacoupleoftimes,butI’mhappy_______(go)again.4.A:Howabout______(go)totheartmuseum?TherearesomespecialGermanpaintingsthererightnow.B:Sure.Whendoyouwant_____(go)?5.A:Haveyouever_______(visit)thehistorymuseum?B:No,I’venever______(be)there.tocomebeenseenwentspendbeentogogoingtogovisitedbeenbehappytodosth高兴做某事How/whataboutdoingsth？...怎么样？Languagepointsacoupleof两个；一对；几个1.Well,I'vealreadybeenthereacoupleof

times,butI’mhappytogoagain.acoupleof后跟可数名词复数。acoupleof...作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Thereareacoupleofshoesinmybedroom,buttheyarenotapair.Acoupleofmonkeysareplayinginthetree.Germanadj.德国的；德语的；德国人的n.

德语；德国人2.TherearesomespecialGermanpaintingsthererightnow.①German在此处作形容词，意为“德国的”。Germancarsaredifferentfromours.②German作形容词，还可以为“德语的；德国人的”。IfindGermangrammarisverydifficult.③German还可作名词。作不可数名词时，意为“德语”；作可数名词时，意为“德国人”，其复数形式为Germans。IknowalittleGerman.ThereareafewGermansinourschool.【拓展延伸】Germany作名词，意为“德国”。MybestfriendcomesfromGermany.区分：Englishman→EnglishmenFrenchman→FrenchmenGerman→GermansChinese→ChineseJapanese→Japanese4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Mostofus____________(see)MickeyMouse,DonaldDuckandotherfamousDisneycharactersincartoonsbefore.Buthaveyouever______(be)toDisneyland?Disneyland______(be)anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme—Disneycharactersandmovies.There_____(be)manyexcitingrides,lovelyrestaurantsandfantasticgiftshopsthere.Youcanalso_____(see)theDisneycharacterswalkingaroundthepark.Andhaveyouever_______(hear)ofaDisneyCruise?This______(be)aboatridewithaDisneytheme.Youcan______(take)arideontheboatforseveraldaysandeatandsleeponit.Ontheboat,youcan______(shop)andhaveDisneypartiesbeforeyou________(arrive)attheDisneyisland.haveseenbeenisseeheardshoparrive翻译为“具有”，介词，有特别主题的游乐园ride,n.供乘骑的游乐设施Walkaround走来走去，来回走动seesbdoingsth.看见正在来回走动的迪士尼人物hear(heard)of听说ride,n.短途旅程，此处表示乘船旅行areistake4cAnswerthesurveyquestionsandthenaskyourpartner.Haveyouever...YouYourpartnerbeentoanotherprovinceinChina?lostsomethingimportant?Exercises

Part04一、根据语境,用have/hasbeen(to)或have/hasgone(to)填空。1.He_______________manycit