浙江省精诚联盟2025届高三下学期适应性联考（二模）英语试题 含解析

绝密★考试结束前学年第二学期浙江省精诚联盟适应性联考高三英语试题考生须知：．本试题卷共9页，满分分，考试时间分钟。．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号。．所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效。．考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。选择题部分第一部分：听力共两节，满分分)第一节共5小题：每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydointhesummervacation?A.Makenewfriends.B.inarestaurant.C.Gotoasummercamp.2.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthebus?A.Itarrivesevery10minutes.B.ItpassesbyFord’sTheatre.C.Itstopsdirectlyatthelibrary.3.Whatwouldthewomanpossiblybuy?A.Skimmedmilk.B.Organicproducts.C.Wholegrainbread.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Exploringamuseum.B.anexhibition.C.Makingaconsultation.5.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotogether?A.Havelunchdowntown.B.Meetatthedentist’s.C.Attendaworkmeeting.第二节共小题：每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。6.WhatdoweknowaboutJasmine?第1页/共24页A.She’sinneedofattentionandcare.B.Shekeepsadogforcompanionship.C.Sheisconsideringhavingadogasapet.7.WhatisAlex’sadvicetoJasmine?A.Receivetraining.B.Becommittedtothedog.C.Doresearchonthebreeds.听第7段材料，回答第8至题。8.WhydoesAlanwanttohelparoundthehouse?A.liveuptoparents’expectations.B.makemoneyforDad’sbirthdaygift.C.sharethehouseworkequallywithMom.9.What’sAlanlikelytodonext?A.Dothelaundry.B.Lookformorechores.C.BuyawatchwithDad.10.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.B.Delighted.C.Concerned.听第8段材料，回答第至题。Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atasquare.B.Atatubestation.C.Ataticket12.Howfrequentlydothetrainsrunduringrushhours?A.Every15minutes.B.Every20minutes.C.Every5to10minutes.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Buyaweeklypass.B.Checkhisdeparturetime.C.theyellowlinetrain.听第9段材料，回答第至题。14.Whatdoesthewomanlike?A.Handcrafteditems.B.handbags.C.accessories.15.Howdidthewomangetherhandbag?A.Shemadeitbyherself.B.Sheboughtitduringhertrip.C.Itwasagiftfromlocalpeople.16.Whatisrequiredtomakeabag?A.Alargeworkforce.B.andpatience.C.Fibersofvariousplants.17.Whatmakesthehandbagspecial?A.Itsunusualsize.B.Itsuniqueappearance.C.Itstraditionalmaterial.听第段材料，回答第至题。18.WhatdoesAdventuredo?A.Ithelpspeoplerealizetheirdreams.B.Itencouragespeopletoberisk-taking.C.Itarrangesforpeopletomeetdolphins.19.Howdidthedolphinshelpthespeaker?A.Bypullinghimunderwater.B.Bykeepinghimneartheshore.第2页/共24页C.Byplayingandsupportinghim.20.Whatisthespeaker’smainmessage?A.Facingfearsleadstogrowth.B.Dolphinscancurehumanfears.C.Safetypromotespersonalgrowth.第二部分：阅读理解共两节，满分分)第一节共小题：每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheoldestandlargestschoolatUniversityofPortland(UP),theCollegeofArtsandSciencesdegreesinthehumanities,naturalsciences,performingarts,socialsciences,andinterdisciplinaryfields.Aliberalartsandsciencesdegreeprovidesaversatile(灵活多向的)pathwaytoawiderangeofcareers,andtheCollegetakesfulladvantageofUP’sideallocationincreatinghands-oncareer-buildingexperiencesoutinthefield,whicheveroneyouchoose!·EnvironmentalScience/EnvironmentalEthics&Policy·Psychology·Pre-Health·PoliticalScienceandPre-Law·Gender,andSexualityStudies·EthnicStudies·Humanitiescloseproximity(临近)totheoutdoors,governmentagencies,leadingmedicalinstitutions,artsandculturevenues,andmore,UPgivesstudentsagreatvarietyofopportunitiestoconnectwiththecommunityandgainvaluablehands-onexperiencesinawiderangeofcareers.UPgoeshead-to-headwithResearch1(R1)institutions,withunmatchedopportunitiesforhands-onresearchworkwithfaculty(全体教员)membersthroughouttheacademicyearandsummerindisciplinesasvariedastheology,biology,ethnicstudies,andmathematics.第3页/共24页WhileR1universitiesincreasinglyrelyongraduatestudentsasinstructors,atUPallclassesaretaughtbyourprofessionalandadmirablefaculty.Thatmeansyourprofessorswillreallygettoknowyouandwillprovideexpertguidance,advice,anduniqueacademicopportunities!1.WhatcanwelearnaboutCollegeofArtsandSciences?A.Itislocatedinthecountryside.B.ItisthemostpopularschoolatUP.C.Itseeksemploymentforitsstudents.D.Itpreparesitsstudentsforvariouscareers.2.WhatadvantagedoesUPhaveoverR1universities?A.Itsdisciplinesaremorevaried.B.Itsprofessorsaremoreadmirable.C.Itmoretailoredlearningexperiences.D.Itprovidesmorechancesforhands-onresearch.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acourseplan.B.Aprogramproposal.C.Anadmissionbrochure.D.Aneducationalreport.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍波特兰大学文理学院的学科、优势及特色。【1题详解】Aliberalartsandsciencesdegreeprovidesaversatile(灵活多向的)pathwaytoawiderangeofcareers,andtheCollegetakesfulladvantageofUP’sideallocationincreatinghands-oncareer-buildingexperiencesoutinthefield,whicheveroneyouchoose!(文科与理科的学位为多样化职业发展提供了灵活路径，学院充分利用波特兰大学的理想地理位置，为学生打造实地实践的职业发展体验——无论你选择哪个领域！)”可知，该学院为学生的各种职业发展做准备。故选D。【2题详解】WhileR1universitiesincreasinglyrelyongraduatestudentsasinstructors,atUPallclassesaretaughtbyourprofessionalandadmirablefaculty.Thatmeansyourprofessorswillreallygettoknow第4页/共24页youandwillprovideexpertguidance,advice,anduniqueacademicopportunities!(当R1大学越来越依赖研究生担任讲师时，波特兰大学的所有课程均由专业且令人钦佩的教职人员授课。这意味着你的教授将真正了解你，并为你提供专业指导、建议及独特的学术机会！)R1UP的教授能提供更具针对性的学习体验。故选C。3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“TheoldestandlargestschoolatUniversityofPortland(UP),theCollegeofArtsandSciencesdegreesinthehumanities,naturalsciences,performingarts,socialsciences,andinterdisciplinaryfields.Aliberalartsandsciencesdegreeprovidesaversatile(灵活多向的)pathwaytoawiderangeofcareers,andtheCollegetakesfulladvantageofUP’sideallocationincreatinghands-oncareer-buildingexperiencesoutinthefield,whicheveroneyouchoose!(作为波特兰大学（UP）历史最悠久、规模最大的学院，文理学院提供人文、自然科学、表演艺术、社会科学及跨学科领域的学位。文科与理科的学位为多样化职业发展提供了灵活路径，学院充分利用波特兰大学的理想地理位置，为学生打造实地实践的职业发展体验——)及教学特色展开，语言具有宣传性和吸引力，符合招生手册的特点。故选C。BAfewyearsago,achanceencounterwithtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)excitedmydeepinterestinthisancientculture.Greatlyfascinated,Idecidedtopursueasystematicstudy.IappliedtoUniversityofChineseMedicine,andIwasoverjoyedthedayIreceivedmyadmissionletter.Atthebeginning,theancientChineseclassicsandcomplexprocessesofherbcollection,identificationandcombinationwerequitechallengingtome.Fortunately,Ihadthepatientguidanceofprofessorsandtheenthusiastichelpofclassmatestorelyon.IrememberwhenIfirststartedlearningacupuncture(针灸),Iwasoftentoohesitanttoactuallyusetheneedles.encourageme,myseniorclassmatesgenerouslyactedaspatients,bravingthediscomforttoletmepracticeacupuncturetechniquesontheirbodies.theirsupportandmotivation,myacupunctureskillssteadilyimproved,andmystudiesquicklygotontrack.Duringmylearningjourney,themostmemorableexperiencewasmyinternship(实习)attheProvincialHospitalofChineseMedicine.There,Ihadtheopportunitytoparticipatedirectlyinpatientcare.IlookedforwardtoeverySaturdayafternoonwhenIcouldshadowmyteacher.Aftereachpatientconsultation,shewouldgivemeadetailedexplanation:whatthepatient’spulse(脉搏)indicated,whatitrepresentedintermsoftheirconditions,andtheroleofeachherbintheprescription(处方).Thisapproachhelped第5页/共24页shapemydiagnosticthinkingandwasincrediblybeneficialtome.Eventhoughthismeantshecouldneverleaveworkontime,shenevercomplained.AsanancientChinesesayinggoes,“It’seasiertogetateacherofclassicsthanateacherofcharacter.”MyeverydayinChinahasbeenfilledwithchallengesandsurprises.TCMhastaughtmenotjusttheskillstohealandsavelivesbuthowtoviewlife.Ihavecometounderstandthatthepowerofcultureliesmoreinitsabilitytoconnectheartsthaninitsuniqueness.Peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanactuallyformstrongconnections.4.WhichofthefollowingdidtheauthorfinddifficultwhenstartingstudyingTCM?A.HowtocollectancientChineseclassics.B.Howtocombinedifferentherbsproperly.C.Howtocommunicateeffectivelywithprofessors.D.HowtounderstandtheancientChinesephilosophy.5.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexperienceoflearningacupuncture?A.showthecomplexityofacupuncture.B.introducetheproceduresofstudyingTCM.C.illustratethesupportivelearningenvironment.D.stressthedangersofimproperacupuncturetechniques.6.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythesayinginparagraph4?A.HisTCMteacherishighlyprofessional.B.HisTCMteacherisselflessanddevoted.C.HisTCMteacherisstrictanddemanding.D.HisTCMteacheriseasytogetalongwith.7.WhatdoestheauthorlearnfromtheexperienceofstudyingTCM?A.Lifeisprecious.B.HardworkpaysC.Uniquenessunites,notdivides.D.Cultureisabridge,notawall.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】(TCM)第6页/共24页叙述自己在学习传统中医过程中的困难、成长和启发，表达了对中医文化的深厚兴趣以及所学到的生活智慧。【4题详解】IrememberwhenIfirststartedlearningacupuncture(针灸),Iwasoftentoohesitanttoactuallyusetheneedles.encourageme,myseniorclassmatesgenerouslyactedaspatients,bravingthediscomforttoletmepracticeacupuncturetechniquesontheirbodies.theirsupportandmotivation,myacupunctureskillssteadilyimproved,andmystudiesquicklygotontrack.(一开始，中国古代的经典和复杂的草药采集、鉴定和搭配过程对我来说是相当具有挑战性的)”可知，作者在刚开始学习中医时，觉得草药的采集、鉴定和搭配的复杂过程很有挑战性。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Fortunately,Ihadthepatientguidanceofprofessorsandtheenthusiastichelpofclassmatestorelyon.(我记得当我刚开始学习针灸的时候，我常常太犹豫了，不敢实际使用针灸。为了鼓励我，我的高年级同学慷慨地充当病人，冒着不适让我在他们身上练习针灸技术。在他们的支持和激励下，我的针灸技术稳步提高，我的学业也很快步入正轨)”可知，作者提到刚开始学习针灸时遇到的困难。为了鼓励他，学长们自愿成为“病人”，忍受不适让他练习针灸。这段经历的目的是展示学长们的支持，以及学习过程中友好和互助的环境。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Aftereachpatientconsultation,shewouldgivemeadetailedexplanation:whatthepatient’spulse(脉搏)indicated,whatitrepresentedintermsoftheirconditions,andtheroleofeachherbintheprescription(处方).Thisapproachhelpedshapemydiagnosticthinkingandwasincrediblybeneficialtome.Eventhoughthismeantshecouldneverleaveworkontime,shenevercomplained.(解释：病人的脉象说明了什么，从病情角度如何解读，以及处方中每一味中药的作用。这种带教方式塑造了我的诊断思维，让我获益匪浅。尽管这意味着她从未准时下过班，但她从不抱怨)”可知，老师详细解释病例以及从未抱怨加班等可推断，作者想表达的是这位中医老师非常无私和奉献，愿意花时间耐心指导学生。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TCMhastaughtmenotjusttheskillstohealandsavelivesbuthowtoviewlife.Ihavecometounderstandthatthepowerofcultureliesmoreinitsabilitytoconnectheartsthaninitsuniqueness.Peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanactuallyformstrongconnections.(中医不仅教会了我治疗和拯救生命的技巧，还教会了我如何看待生命。我开始明白，文化的力量更多地在于它连接心灵的能力，而不是第7页/共24页它的独特性。来自不同文化背景的人实际上可以形成牢固的联系)”可知，中医教会了作者如何看待生命，并意识到文化的力量不仅仅体现在它的独特性上，更体现在它能够连接人心。这句话表明，文化是一座桥梁，而不是隔阂。故选D。Cseenithappen:youpresentafact—clear,undeniable—andinsteadofreconsideringtheirposition,theotherpersondoublesdown.“Ijustdon’tbelieveit,”theysay.Thisconfusingresistanceisn’tjustfrustrating;it’sdeeplyhuman.Ourbrainsarewirednotmerelytoseektruth,buttodefendidentity.tothemind’sfirewall—ourinternalsystemthatprotectsbeliefsfromintruding(侵入的)evidence.Andyet,understandingthisfirewallisthefirststeptodisarmingit,forourselvesandothers.InElizabethKolbert’sarticle“WhyFactsDon’tChangeOurMinds,”shedrawsonstudiesincognitivesciencetoshowthatreasoningevolvednottofindtruth,buttowinarguments.Ourbrainsoftenfavor“motivatedreasoning”—seekinginformationthatsupportsourviewsanddiscountingevidencethatchallengesthem.Thistendency,knownas“confirmationbias(偏见)”,helpsusmaintainaconsistentsenseofselfandstayinlinewithoursocialgroups.Thismakesconversationslessaboutlearningandmoreaboutdefendingone’sterritory.Thinkofyourmindlikeacomputer.Factsarelikedatapacketstryingtogetthroughyourfirewall.Butunlesstheymeetcertaincriteria—emotionalrelevance,socialsafety,identitycompatibility(兼容)—they’reblocked.Theminddoesn’tsimplytakeinrawinformation;ittriestomakesenseofit.Factsalonearen’tenoughtotrulyconnectorstick.Thisisespeciallytrueinemotionallychargedfieldslikepolitics,health,oridentity.Whenwefeelthreatened,theemotionalbrainoverridestherational(理智的)brain.Whatfeelstrueoutweighswhatistrue.Iffactscan’tgetpastthefirewall,whatcan?AsdiscussedinmybookTheArtofChange,it’snotabouttearingdownthefirewall,butaboutfindingalternativepathsaroundit—narrative,emotion,andrelationship.Nexttimeyou’retryingtochangesomeone’smind—oryourown—remember:leadwithconnection,notargument.Startwithsharedexperiencesorvalues.Usestories,notjustanalytics.Andstayopenyourself.this:Thinkofabeliefyouholdstrongly.Thenwritedownthreereasonssomeonemightseeitdifferently—notarguments,butgenuinelythoughtfulreasons.Doingthiswon’tmakeyouweakerinyourbeliefs.It’llmakeyouwiserinyourunderstanding.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthemind’sfirewall?A.Itisnatural.B.Itisconfusing.C.Itisbeneficial.D.Itisnecessary.9.Whydoourbrainsfavor“motivatedreasoning”?第8页/共24页A.Ithelpspeopleseektruth.B.Itallowspeopletodefendidentity.C.Itmakespeoplelearnmoreaboutthemselves.D.Itenablespeopletoovercomeanychallenges.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thescientificmethodforprocessingfacts.B.Theunderlyinglogicofthemind’sfirewall.C.Thebiologicalstructureofthehumanbrain.D.Theconflictbetweenemotionalandrationalbrains.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdotochangeothers’minds?A.Argueagainsttheirbeliefs.B.Presentathroughanalysistothem.C.Formanemotionalbondwiththem.D.themtobemoreopen-minded.【答案】8.A9.B10.BC【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用研究数据和案例，探讨了人类认知偏见和文化接受度的现象，并提出了如何有效改变他人观点的方法。【8题详解】Thisconfusingresistanceisn’tjustfrustrating;it’sdeeplyhuman.(这种令人困惑的阻力不仅令人沮丧；这是人性使然)”可知，作者认为mind’sfirewall是人类大脑的自然机制，故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ourbrainsoftenfavor‘motivatedreasoning’—seekinginformationthatsupportsourviewsanddiscountingevidencethatchallengesthem.Thistendency,knownas‘confirmationbias(偏见)’,helpsusmaintainaconsistentsenseofselfandstayinlinewithoursocialgroups.(我们的大脑通常倾向于‘有动机的推理’——寻找支持我们观点的信息，而忽略挑战我们观点的证据。这种倾向被称为‘确认偏见’，)motivatedreasoning维护自我认同和社会归属感，故选B项。【10题详解】第9页/共24页主旨大意题。第三段“Thinkofyourmindlikeacomputer.Factsarelikedatapacketstryingtogetthroughyourfirewall.Butunlesstheymeetcertaincriteria—emotionalrelevance,socialsafety,identitycompatibility(兼容)—they’reblocked.Theminddoesn’tsimplytakeinrawinformation;ittriestomakesenseofit.Factsalonearen’tenoughtotrulyconnectorstick.Thisisespeciallytrueinemotionallychargedfieldslikepolitics,health,oridentity.Whenwefeelthreatened,theemotionalbrainoverridestherational(理智的)brain.Whatfeelstrueoutweighswhatistrue.(些标准——情感相关性、社会安全感、身份兼容性——否则他们就会被拒之门外。大脑并不是简单地接受原始信息；它试图让它有意义。事实本身并不足以真正建立联系。这在政治、健康或身份等情绪化的领域尤其如此。当我们感到威胁时，感性的大脑会压倒理性的大脑。感觉真实的东西比真实的东西重要)”通过防火墙的运作逻辑，故选B项。【题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Nexttimeyou’retryingtochangesomeone’smind—oryourown—remember:leadwithconnection,notargument.Startwithsharedexperiencesorvalues.Usestories,notjustanalytics.Andstayopenyourself.(下次当你试图改变别人或你自己的想法时，记住：以联系为导向，而不是争论。从共同的经历或价值观开始。使用故事，而不仅仅是分析)”可知，此处提出“以联系为导向，而不是争论”，即以情感共鸣而非争论为主导，并建议“使用故事，而不仅仅是分析”，可见是要建立情感联系，故选C项。DAmirGoldbergdiscoveredafunnythingaboutAmericancultureonhiswaytoresearchingthecomplextopic.GoldbergandhiscolleaguesatStanfordanduniversitiesanalyzedmillionsofandNetflixreviewstorevealthatpeopleconsideredthemostculturallyadventurousareactuallythemostresistanttoexperiencesperceivedas“crossingtheline.”Thatis,thosedescribedas“culturalomnivores(杂食动物)”—becausetheyeatThaiforlunch,playbocceballafterwork,andstreamaFrenchfilmthatnight—aretheveryonesopposedtomixingitup.Nohummusontheirhotdogs,forgetaboutspaghettianddonotmentionSwitched-OnBach.Thoseofferingsarenotconsideredculturallyauthentic.Theyareahodgepodge(混杂物)towhichthesefolkswouldlikelywrinkletheircollectivenoses.findthesepeoplehatethemostatypicalofferings,”saysGoldberg.“Theycanpretendtobethemostopen,butitturnsouttheyarenot.Bybeingmulticultural,theyarethemostconservativeandthemostresistantto第10页/共24页changes.”Thefindingsareoppositetopreviousresearch,whichviewedomnivorousnessasopenness.Instead,Goldberg,alongwithMichaelT.Hannan,professoremeritusoforganizationalbehavioratStanfordGSBandBalazsKovacsofUniversity,writeintheirpaperthat“atasteforvarietydecreasesone’sreceptivitytoculturalinnovation.”Butastheteam’sresearchpointsout,thereisasubsetofconsumerswhoareopentochange.“Forculturalnoveltytohaveanimpactandoccasionallydrivechange,someagentsmustbetoleranttobreakingtraditionalboundaries,”hesays.Thetrickistofindanddevelopthem,asSteveJobsdidwiththeiPhone.GoldbergnotesthatwhentheiPhonewasfirstintroduced,itconfusedthepublic.Whatisit?Aphone?Acomputer?Manysawtheproductanddismissedit,decidingphonesareforpersonalcommunicationandcomputersarefortheTheprofessornotesthatitwasJobsandhisloyalfollowerswhochangedminds,changedhabits,andultimatelychangedtheglobalculture.12.Whatdoweknowabout“culturalomnivores”?A.Theyareunwillingtochange.B.Theyareadventurouscustomers.C.TheyprioritizeAmericanculture.D.Theyhateculturallyauthenticofferings.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“”inparagraph4mean?A.Heavilydependenton.B.Greatlysuperiorto.C.Closelyconnectedwith.D.Completelycontraryto.14.WhatdoesGoldbergthinkoftheiPhone?A.Confusing.B.Pioneering.C.Convenient.D.Effective.15.Whatisthekeytoovercomingculturalresistanceaccordingtothetext?A.Educatingthepublic.B.Settingtraditionalboundaries.C.Developinginnovativeproducts.第11页/共24页D.Makinguseoftheopen-minded.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】AmirGoldberg度。【12题详解】Thatis,thosedescribedas“culturalomnivores(杂食动物)”—becausetheyeatThaiforlunch,playbocceballafterwork,andstreamaFrenchfilmthatnight—aretheveryonesopposedtomixingitup.国电影——恰恰是反对混合的人。)”以及第三段“Bybeingmulticultural,theyarethemostconservativeandthemostresistanttochanges.对文化混合，也是最保守和不愿意改变的，故选A。【13题详解】Thefindingsareoppositetopreviousresearch,(这一发现与之前的研究结果atasteforvarietydecreasesone’sreceptivitytoculturalinnovation(对多样性的偏好会降低一个人对文化创新的接受能力)”可知，Goldberg的研究发现与之前的研究结果截然相反，之前的研究认为杂食性（omnivorousness）和开放性是synonymouswith关系，而现在研究表明并非如此，所以synonymouswith应是“紧密相连”的意思。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。最后一段“Thetrickistofindanddevelopthem,asSteveJobsdidwiththeiPhone.GoldbergnotesthatwhentheiPhonewasfirstintroduced,itconfusedthepublic.Whatisit?Aphone?Acomputer?Manysawtheproductanddismissedit,decidingphonesareforpersonalcommunicationandcomputersarefortheTheprofessornotesthatitwasJobsandhisloyalfollowerswhochangedminds,changedhabits,andultimatelychangedtheglobalculture.(关键在于找到并开发它们，就像史蒂夫•乔布斯开发iPhoneiPhone首次推出时，它让公众感到困惑。这是什么？一个电话吗?电脑吗?许多人看到这款产品后都不以为然，认为手机是用于个人交流，电脑是用于办公室的。这位教授指出，是乔布斯和他的忠实追随者改变了思想、习惯，并最终改变了全球文化。)”可知，Goldberg以iPhone为例子进行说明，提到iPhone最初被公众质疑，但乔布斯及其追随者最终改变了全球文化，从而推断，Goldberg认为它是开创性的，故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段““Forculturalnoveltytohaveanimpactandoccasionallydrivechange,some第12页/共24页agentsmustbetoleranttobreakingtraditionalboundaries,”hesays.Thetrickistofindanddevelopthem,asSteveJobsdidwiththeiPhone.(关键在于找到并开发它们，就像史蒂夫•乔布斯开发iPhone一样。)”以及最后一段乔布斯和其追随者改变文化的例子可知，克服文化抵制的关键是利用那些思想开放的人。故选D项。第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Dealingwithnegativitycanbedifficult,especiallywhenyou’renothappywithwhoyouare.____16____However,laughingatyourselfisasurprisinglyeffectivewaytodealwithnegativecircumstances.Herearesometipstolearntolaughatyourselfmoreinlife.Acceptyourself.knowthatnobodyisperfect.____17____Whentalkingaboutthe“negatives”,it’sextremelyimportanttoknowwhichpartsofyourselfcanbechangedandwhichcan’t.Forexample,there’snopointinbeingangryatyourselfbecauseyouaren’tastallasyou’dliketobe.cantryallyouwant,butyou’llneverchangethosefeaturesofyourself.____18____Acceptingyourselfisoftensohardbecauseyouaren’tevenlookingatyourself—you’rejustlookingathowwellyoudoacertainthing.probablydoneityourself.didn’tliftasmuchweightinthegymastheguynexttoyou?weak.didn’tfinishalloftheworkyouplannedtodo?lazy.____19____Soinstead,youshouldrealizethatasingleactiondoesn’tdeterminewhoyouare.Thismeansthatlaughingaboutamistakeyouoncemadedoesn’tmeanyou’relaughingatwhoyouareasaperson.Behumble.can’tlaughatyourselfwhileatthesametimetryingtomaintaintheimagethatyou’reawesomeateverythingyoudo.Inotherwords,you’dbetteravoidshowingandbemorehumbleinstead.Agoodtipistothinkofhowinsignificantyouareintheuniverse.____20____Itremindsyouthatwhateverproblemsyou’redealingwithrightnowdon’tmatterintheend.A.Bemindfulofothers.B.Thisknowledgecanbefreeinginaway.C.Separateyourselffromyourperformance.D.Sohowcanyoulearntolaughaboutyourself?E.Sowhywouldyouexpectyourselftobeanydifferent?F.canmakeamistake,butthatdoesn’tmakeyouthemistake.G.Thelastthingyouwantatthispointisforsomeonetolaughatyou.第13页/共24页【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.F20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍应对消极情绪时自嘲的作用及学会自嘲的几点建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Dealingwithnegativitycanbedifficult,especiallywhenyou’renothappywithwhoyouare.(应对消极情绪可能很困难，尤其是当你对自己不满意时)”可知，此处描述负面情绪下的心理状态，结合下文的“However,laughingatyourselfisasurprisinglyeffectivewaytodealwithnegativecircumstances.(料的是，自嘲是应对负面处境的一种非常有效的方式)”可知，此处提出自嘲是有效方法，由此可知，此空为过渡句，G选项“Thelastthingyouwantatthispointisforsomeonetolaughatyou.(此时你最不希望的就是有人嘲笑你)”承接上文，进一步说明对他人嘲笑的抵触心理，与下文形成转折，引出“自嘲”这一核心话题，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“knowthatnobodyisperfect.(你知道没有人是完美的)下文的“Whentalkingaboutthe“negatives”,it’sextremelyimportanttoknowwhichpartsofyourselfcanbechangedandwhichcan’t.(的)E选项“Sowhywouldyouexpectyourselftobeanydifferent?(那么你为什么要期待自己与众不同呢？)”承接了上文，以反问句强调人应接受自身不完美，与前文形成因果关系，且引出下文“区分可改变与不可改变的部分”的论述。故选E项。【18题详解】分析语篇可知，此处为本段主题句，根据下文“Acceptingyourselfisoftensohardbecauseyouaren’tevenlookingatyourself—you’rejustlookingathowwellyoudoacertainthing.(有在审视自己，而是只关注自己在某件事上的表现)”可知，本段主要讨论接受自己很困难地原因，C选项“Separateyourselffromyourperformance.(将自己与表现区分开来)题，概括下文内容，符合语境。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“didn’tliftasmuchweightinthegymastheguynexttoyou?weak.didn’tfinishalloftheworkyouplannedtodo?lazy.(你在健身房举起的重量不如旁边那个人多？你太弱了。你没能完成计划好的所有工作？你太懒了)”可知，此处列举了两个具体的例子说明一个观点，结合下文的“Soinstead,youshouldrealizethatasingleactiondoesn’tdeterminewhoyouare.(决定你是谁)”可知，本空应该是对上文错误观点的否定，F选项“canmakeamistake,butthatdoesn’t第14页/共24页makeyouthemistake.()且与下文为因果关系。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“Agoodtipistothinkofhowinsignificantyouareintheuniverse.(一个好的建议是想想你在宇宙中有多渺小)”提出具体做法，结合下文的“Itremindsyouthatwhateverproblemsyou’redealingwithrightnowdon’tmatterintheend.()的进一步阐述，B选项“Thisknowledgecanbefreeinginaway.(这种认知在某种程度上可以让人感到解脱)”承接了上文，阐述该做法的效果，且与下文阐述的内容衔接。故选B项。第三部分：语言运用共两节，满分分)第一节共个小题每小题1分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项、、C和中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mygrandmothersetupaverysuccessfulbusinessasawidowed(寡居的)womanintheSouthinthe1950s.Shehadtobe____21____,andmyfatherwastoo—handsomeandambitious,tobesure,butalsotough.Hepridedhimselfonthe____22____ofhischildren.Evenasalittlegirl____23____tojumprope,IknewIcould____24____approvalthroughphysicaltrials.His____25____wasasintenseashisexpectationswerehigh.Theabsenceinhislifethathis____26____hadleftbehindinhislifewasvast.Sohewasdeterminedtobepresent,tonever____27____somuchasaLittleLeaguegame.Hewashomeeverydayatfivethirty,____28____asclockwork.Hecoachedmysoccerteaminthepark.Hehadno____29____ofbeingafather,becausefatherhoodhadneverbeenmodeledforhim.____30____,hefigureditoutFrommyfather,Ilearnedwhatit____31____tobeabusinessperson.Iunderstoodthathisemployeesneededtoseehis____32____.Onweekendsandholidays,hewoulddrivearoundand____33____theclerkstomakesurebusinesswasrunningsmoothly.Andonsnowdaysafewtimesayear,Iwouldgowithmydadtohelp____34____thestoressothatpeoplecouldgetfood,essentials,andgas.tookpridein____35____apublicservice;wewerepartofthefabricofourtown.21.A.warm-heartedB.strong-willedC.open-mindedD.good-tempered22.A.kindnessB.independenceC.achievementsD.talents23.A.learningB.promisingC.failingD.pretending24.A.winB.expressC.requireD.deny25.A.passionB.ambitionC.curiosityD.devotion第15页/共24页26.A.motherB.fatherC.grandmotherD.child27.A.interruptB.escapeC.missD.forget28.A.predictableB.accessibleC.replaceableD.respectable29.A.intentionB.conceptC.chanceD.fear30.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Nevertheless31.A.tookB.C.meantD.changed32.A.generosityB.courageC.leadershipD.confidence33.A.fillinforB.checkinonC.takecareofD.cutinon34.A.promoteB.emptyC.cleanD.open35.A.providingB.expandingC.usingD.restoring【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.C32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者祖母和父亲的坚强品格，以及父亲言传身教对作者的影响。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她必须意志坚强，我的父亲也是——英俊潇洒、雄心勃勃，但也很坚强。A.warm-heartedB.strong-willedC.open-mindedD.good-tempered脾气好的。根据后文“andalsotough”可知，祖母必须意志坚强，父亲也是。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为自己孩子的成就感到骄傲。A.kindness善良；B.independence独立；C.achievements成就；D.talents天赋。根据上文“Hepridedhimselfonthe”和下文“IknewIcould4approvalthroughphysicaltrials.”可知，父亲会为孩子的成就感到骄傲。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在我还是个小女孩的时候