2021-2022学年辽宁省六校高二上学期期中考试英语试卷解析版（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年辽宁省六校高二上学期期中考试英语试卷考试时间:120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whodidn’tgotothenewshoppingmall?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Theman’swife.2.Whatdidthemando?A.Hedidhishomework.B.Hewashedtheclothes.C.Heplayedvideogames.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydoing?A.Talkingaboutatest.B.Solvingmathproblems.C.Checkinganswers.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heisasingleman.B.Hedoesn’tlikethefeast.C.Hepreferstowalkthedog.5.Whenwilltheflightleave?A.At6:30a.m.B.At6:50a.m.C.At7:20a.m.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanrefusetogotothesupermarket?A.Helikesstayingathome.B.Heneedn’tbuyanything.C.It’stoocoldoutside.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Makeashoppinglist.B.Dochores.C.Watertheplants.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheman’svisit?A.Toconfirmthedinnertime.B.Topickupthewoman.C.Tohelpthewomanwithwork.9.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’sboss?A.DissatisfiedB.SurprisedC.Curious10.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Readliterarymagazines.B.Readsportsmagazines.C.Watchmoviesoncomputer.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whoarrangestheblinddate?A.Theman’smother.B.Theman’saunt.C.Thewoman.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Dressmorecasually.B.Splitthecostofthedate.C.Taketheinitiativetotalktothegirl.13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclothingshop.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whendidthemancomeback?A.Fouryearsago.B.Fourmonthsago.C.Fourdaysago.15.Whydidthemanreturnhome?A.Toaccompanyhisfamily.B.Togetagoodjob.C.Torunhisownbusiness.16.Whatdidthewomanwanttobeatfirst?A.Asoldier.B.Ateacher.C.Aclerk.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Teacherandparent.C.Formerclassmates.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanyaspectsofeffectsofsleeparementioned?A.Six.B.Five.C.Four.19.HowdidKeithgettheinspirationforasong?A.Byrecordinghissleep.B.Byplayingtheguitarallday.C.Bysleepingforalongtime.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Stayinguplatebeforeanexamcanenhancememory.B.Thecostoflackingsleepaccountsfor5%ofGDP.C.Canceriscloselyrelatedtoshortsleepduration.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AManyworkershavehadnochoicebuttoadapttoworkingfromhomeinrecentmonthssinceofficesshutdownduetotheCOVID-19pandemic(新冠疫情).Andthenoisysituationandendlesshouseworkmayresultinaterribleemotion.Anewoptioniswaitingforyou.ThatisWFH:workfromahotel.HotelFigueroAspecialprogramtitledWorkPerksaimstorepositionsomeof94-year-oldHotelFiguero’s268roomsasday-useoffices.AccordingtoManagingDirectorConnieWang,theset-uplaunchedinJuneandisagreatopportunitytogetoutoftheirhouseswithhigh-speedWi-Fi,unlimitedprintingprivilegesandfreeparking.The350-square-footroomssellfor$139perday,withanoptiontoextendtoanovernightstayforanadditional$30.TheWytheAboutiquehotelinBrooklyn.Thehotelrecentlyannouncedapartnershipwithco-workingofficespacecompanyIndustriousthroughwhichitisrecycling13second-storyguestroomstoserveasofficesforuptofourpeople.TheSawyerTheSawyer,inSacramento,California,isofferingpoolcabanas(更衣室)foruseasoutdooroffices,completewithfastWi-Fi,freeparkingandcateredlunchfor$150perday.Eachoftheroomshasasmalloutdoorplatform,anddogsarewelcome.Pricingstartsat$200andgoesupto$275,dependingonhowmanypeopleusethespace.HotelsByDayYannisMoatifoundedHotelsByDaybackin2015.Thatcompanyhasgrowntoincludemorethan1,500hotels,andhasseenasignificantincreaseinthenumberofinquiriesforday-usebookingslately.Moatisaidthecurrentsituationwillforcehotelstoupgradethemselvestostayalive,andhepredictedthatofferingroomsforday-useonlyisoneofthedirectionstheywillgo.1.Howmuchshouldonepayfora24-hourstayinHotelFiguero?A.$129. B.$150.C.$169. D.$200.2.Whichhotelallowspetsin?A.TheWythe B.TheSawyer.C.HotelsByDay. D.HotelFiguero.3.WhatdoweknowaboutYannisMoati?A.HestartedaprogramtitledWorkPerks.B.Hehasupgradedatleast1,500rooms.C.Heusuallypredictseverythingcorrectly.D.HeisoptimisticabouttheWFHtrend.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。由于新冠疫情，办公室关闭，许多人不得不在家里工作，嘈杂的环境和没完没了的家务可能会导致情绪糟糕，现在有了一个新的选择，那就是在酒店工作。文章主要介绍了几家不同的酒店。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HotelFiguero标题下的“The350-square-footroomssellfor$139perday,withanoptiontoextendtoanovernightstayforanadditional$30.(350平方英尺的客房售价为139美元/天，还可以选择延长住宿时间在那里过夜，另加30美元)”可知，要在HotelFiguero待24小时的话需要139+30共计169美元。故选择C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheSawyer标题下的“Eachoftheroomshasasmalloutdoorplatform,anddogsarewelcome.(每个房间都有一个小的户外平台，狗也受欢迎)”可知，TheSawyer是允许宠物进入的。故选择B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据HotelsByDay标题下的“YannisMoatifoundedHotelsByDaybackin2015.Thatcompanyhasgrowntoincludemorethan1,500hotels,andhasseenasignificantincreaseinthenumberofinquiriesforday-usebookingslately.(亚尼斯·莫阿蒂早在2015年就创建了日间酒店。该公司已发展到包括1500多家酒店，并且最近日间租用预订的查询数量显著增加)”可知，亚尼斯·莫阿蒂对于在酒店工作这种趋势是乐观的。故选择D项。BA74-year-oldmanispoundingthepavementinthehopeoffindingakidneyforhissickwife.WayneWintersbeganwalkingalongthestreetsnearhishomeinFarrWest,Deannehasseverekidneyfailureandisinneedofatransplant.Desperatetodosomethingtohelphissickwife,Winterswalksalongthestreetsarmedwithanewsuit,andhissignwithaplea(恳请)forakidney.Thoughhedoesn’twalkfast,Winters’unusualmethodoftrackingdownakidneyforDeannehasattractedplentyofattention.Inadditiontothemotoristsandpassers-bywhohaveseenWintersoutwalkingmilesaday,hisrequestforakidneyhasnowhittheInternetandattractedtheattentionofmillionsmorepeople.Winterssaidhewasinspiredtopoundthepavementonbehalfofhiswifeafterseeingastoryonlineaboutanothermanwhodidthesamethingandgotnationalattention.Rushhourishisfavoritetimetowalkupanddownthestreetsbecausedriversaresloweddown.Thoughhehasn’thadanysuccessyet,WintersremainsconfidenthewillfindakidneyforDeanne,andsayshewon’trestuntilhemakesit.WintershasstatedevenafteramatchforDeanneisfound,hewillcontinuetoraiseawarenessaboutkidneydonationbecauseitisnowhislifemission.Infact,thebackofhiscurrentsignincludesamessageaimedathelpingothersinneed.Itread,“1,000kidneysareneededinUtahandIdaho.”TheNationalKidneyFoundationreportstheaveragewaitforanindividual’sfirstkidneytransplantisoverthreeandahalfyears,andcanvarydependingonhealth,compatibility(兼容性)andavailabilityoforgans.Theorganizationalsonotesover3,000newpatientsareaddedtothekidneywaitinglisteachmonth,and13peopledieeachdaywhilewaitingforalife-savingkidneytransplant.4.Whyistheoldmanwalkingalongthestreets?A.Tohelphissickwife. B.Todosomeexercise.C.Tolookforsomethinghehaslost. D.Toappreciatethesightsofthecity.5.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Winterswillcontinueraisingawarenessaboutkidneydonationallhislife.B.Wintersgottheinspirationfromastoryonline.C.Wintershasseverekidneyfailureandisinneedofatransplant.D.Winters’unusualmethodoffindingakidneyhasgoneviralontheInternet.6.AccordingtoParagraph4,howcanwedescribeWinters?A.Optimisticandkind. B.Patientandgenerous.C.Passiveandstubborn. D.Positiveandsuccessful.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Akidneytransplantisalife-savingoperation.B.Gettingasuitablekidneyforapatientisnoteasy.C.Newpatientsthatareaddedtothekidneywaitinglist.D.Thesuccessofakidneytransplantdependsonseveralfactors.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫温特斯的老人在大街上行走，给自己患病的妻子寻找肾源的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“A74-year-oldmanispoundingthepavementinthehopeoffindingakidneyforhissickwife.(一名74岁的老人正在人行道上奋力前行，希望能为他生病的妻子找到一个肾脏)”可知，温特斯走在街道上，主要是为了给生病的妻子寻找肾脏。故选择A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Deannehasseverekidneyfailureandisinneedofatransplant.(迪安患有严重的肾衰竭，需要移植)”可知，患有严重肾衰竭需要移植的是温特斯的妻子迪安，而不是温特斯，C项表达错误。故选择C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thoughhehasn’thadanysuccessyet,WintersremainsconfidenthewillfindakidneyforDeanne,andsayshewon’trestuntilhemakesit.(尽管温特斯还没有取得任何成功，但他仍然有信心为迪安找到一个肾脏，并表示在成功之前他不会休息)”可知，温特斯是个乐观的人；根据第四段中“WintershasstatedevenafteramatchforDeanneisfound,hewillcontinuetoraiseawarenessaboutkidneydonationbecauseitisnowhislifemission(温特斯表示，即使在找到迪安的匹配肾源后，他仍将继续提高人们对肾脏捐赠的认识，因为这是他现在的人生使命)”可知，温特斯是个善良的人，不只是为自己的妻子去寻找，也在关心着他人。故选择A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“TheNationalKidneyFoundationreportstheaveragewaitforanindividual’sfirstkidneytransplantisoverthreeandahalfyears,andcanvarydependingonhealth,compatibility(兼容性)andavailabilityoforgans.(全国肾脏基金会报告说，平均等待一个人的第一次肾移植超过三年半，并且会根据健康、兼容性以及器官的可用性而变化)”可知，本段主要表述的是想要获得一个匹配的肾源非常不容易。故选择B项。CEachcountryhasitsownsecrettohappiness.If“pyt”,whichcloselymeans“don’tworryaboutitandstuffhappens”,explainsarelaxedattitudeofDanishpeople,“niksen”willrevealhowDutchpeoplecombatstressandburnoutinafast-pacedlifestyle.Theterm“niksen”originsfromtheDutchword“niks”,whichrefersto“nothing”,Mindfulness,anotherwelcomesubjecttohelppeoplehaveapeacefulmind.Butunlikemindfulness,niksenisnotaboutconcentratingonthepresentmoment.It’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation.Inpractice,thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose”accordingtoTimeMagazine.Niksensoundscontrarytotheadvicewewereallgivenaskids.Nowadays,we’reconstantlytoldtostaybusyandworkharderthaneveryoneelse.Butniksenopposesthatmentality.Itoffersthechanceto“deliciouslydonothing”,asCarolienHamming,acoachatCSRCentrum,anorganizationdevotedtofightingstressandburnoutintheNetherlands,toldTime.Shethinksthatniksenisessentialtostayinghealthy,sinceit’saformofmentalrelaxationandhealing.Justasawildanimalliesinwaitfortheirprey,niksenseemstobeanaturalstateofbeing.Forsomepeople,niksencanmeanmorethanjuststressreduction.It’salsoameanstoimaginenewideasorplans.Asanearlyadopter(尝试者)ofniksen,JennyHolden,acommunicationsexpertintheUK,addsittoherdailylunchbreaks.“Within10minutesofdoingnothing-juststaringandlisteningtomyself-myheadbegantoclearandsortoutmyworkandhometo-dolists,”shetoldtheMetroUK.Aboveall,niksenisasuggestionforbalancingworkandrest.AsDutch-bomwriterOglaMeckingwroteinUS-basedWhoollyMagazine,niksenisthe“sheerenjoymentoflife’spauses”.Everyoneisencouragedtoembraceyourniksenmoments.Theyrevitalize(使恢复元气)youandgiveyouthestrengthneededtofaceeverydaychallenges.8.Whatdoesniksenmeans?A.Livinginthemoment.B.Leadingahealthylifestyle.C.Beingfreeanddoingnothing.D.Usingyourwildestimagination.9.Holden’sexampleistoshow________.A.howniksenimprovesone’smentalhealthB.nikseniscloselyrelatedtostressreductionC.niksencanshortenthedistancebetweenpeopleD.niksenhelpspeoplecomeupwithnewthoughts10.Theunderlinedword“sheer”isclosestinmeaningto“________”A.thorough B.longC.unexpected D.quiet11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Suggestionsonhowtobalanceworkandrest.B.TheintroductiontoaspecialDutchlifestyle.C.Theimportanceofallowingtimetopauselife.D.AnexplanationofsomeDanishwordsaboutlifeattitudes.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。主要介绍了荷兰人在快节奏的生活中对抗压力和倦怠的一种生活方式——niksen，即自由自在地享受生活，什么也不做。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation.(它是让你自己什么都不做，让你的思想自由地奔跑，没有期待)”以及文章第三段“Inpractice,thismeans“hangingaround,lookingatyoursurroundings,orlisteningtomusicaslongasit’swithoutpurpose”accordingtoTimeMagazine.(据《时代》杂志报道，在现实生活中，这意味着漫无目的地闲逛，看看周围的环境，或者听音乐)”可知，“niksen”指的是自由而无所事事。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Forsomepeople,niksencanmeanmorethanjuststressreduction.It’salsoawaytoimaginenewideasorplans.JennyHolden,acommunicationsexpertintheUK,addsittoherdailylunchbreaks.“Within10minutesofdoingnothing–juststaringandlisteningtomyself–myheadbegantoclearandsortoutmyworkandhometo-dolists,shetoldtheMetroUK”(对一些人来说，niksen不仅仅意味着减轻压力。它也是一种想象新想法或计划的方式。英国的交流专家JennyHolden是niksen的早期使用者，她把它加入到自己每天的午餐休息时间。她在接受《地铁报》采访时表示：在10分钟内什么都不做——只是盯着自己，听自己说话——我的大脑开始清理和整理我的工作和家庭待办事项清单)”由此可推断出，Holden的例子是为了证明niksen有助于人们产生新的想法。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据所猜词的上一句“Aboveall,niksenisasuggestionforbalancingworkandrest.(最重要的是，niksen是一个平衡工作和休息的建议)”并结合前文“It’saboutlettingyourselfdonothing,andallowingyourmindtorunfreewithoutexpectation.(它是让你自己什么都不做，让你的思想自由地奔跑，没有期待)”可知，niksen就是让你放下工作，对生活进行纯粹的享受。故所猜词的意思为“彻底的、全面的”。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If“pyt”,whichcloselymeans“don’tworryaboutitandstuffhappens”,explainsarelaxedattitudeofDanishpeople,“niksen”willrevealhowDutchpeoplecombatstressandburnoutinafast-pacedlifestyle.(如果说“pyt”（意为“别担心，顺其自然”）解释了丹麦人轻松的态度，那么“niksen”则揭示了荷兰人如何在快节奏的生活方式中对抗压力和倦怠)”可知，本文介绍了荷兰人在快节奏的生活中对抗压力和倦怠的一种生活方式——niksen。故选B。DAttheageofnine,FelixFinkbeinersetupanorganizationcalled“PlantforthePlanet”,whoseaimistoplantonemilliontreesineachcountryoftheworld.Itnowexistsinmorethan130countriesandthereisaChildrenCoordinationCouncilmadeupofyoungpeoplewhoorganizeplantings.ItallstartedwhenFelixhadtogiveapresentationatschoolaboutclimatechange.HelookedforinformationontheInternetandwasinspiredbyawomanwhohadplanted30milliontreesinAfrica.Itgavehimtheideathatchildrencoulddosomethingsimilar.Thetalkwassowellreceivedthatitwassuggestedhetalkedtootherschools.Hestartedgettingcallsfromstudentswhowantedtojoinin.Thefirsttreewasplantedand“PlantforthePlanet”wasstarted.Therewasalottodo,soFelixaskedhisparentsifhecouldemploysomeonetohelpifhecouldfindthemoneytopaythem.Hecontacted(联系)Toyota,thelargecarmanufacturer,askingforsupport.Andtheyagreedtohelp.Sixmonthsaftertheplantingofthefirsttree,Felixgaveatalktobusinesspeople.IntheaudiencewastheChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO)ofToyotaGermany,whowantedtohearwhathismoneywasbeingspenton.SoimpressedwashethathegaveFelixachancetotalktoGermanToyotacardealers(经销商).Theyweresointerestedintheideathattheydonated€11,000totheproject.Suddenlyitspreadnationally.Felixinvitedjournaliststoapressconferencetoannouncethat50,000treeshadbeenplantedinGermany.Hisparentswarnedhimthatveryfewjournalistsmightcome.ButitturnedouttobepackedandhispicturewasonTVscreensaroundthecountry.Whenheistalkingaboutothertopicshesoundslikeanyotheryoungperson.Butoncehegetsstartedonclimateissues,achangecomesoverhim.Heturnsintoaconfidentpublicspeaker.Butwhateverhedoesintherestofhislife,hehasalreadyachievedmorethanmostofuseverdo.12.WhichofthefollowinginspiredFelixtoorganize“PlantforthePlanet”?A.AtreeplanterinAfrica.B.AChildrenCoordinationCouncil.C.Thestrongwishtogiveareportonline.D.Theharmfuleffectsofenvironmentalpollution.13.HowdidFelix’stalktoToyotacardealersaffecthim?A.Itassistedhiminearningalotofmoney.B.IthelpedhimmeettheCEOofToyota.C.Itbenefitedhisprojectconsiderably.D.Itenabledhimtoplantthefirsttree.14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4aboutFelix’splan?A.Itwassuccessful. B.Ithadtobeputoff.C.Itmetwithpublicopposition. D.Itworkedwellashisparentsexpected.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsFelix?A.Hehasdoubtsabouthim. B.Hegiveshimhighpraise.C.Heishopefulabouthiscareer. D.Heisconcernedabouthisfuture.【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了男孩FelixFinkbeiner成立了一个名为“为地球种植”的组织，目标是在世界上每个国家种植100万棵树。文章说明了Felix发起组织的原因，以及逐渐发展壮大的过程。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中ItallstartedwhenFelixhadtogiveapresentationatschoolaboutclimatechange.HelookedforinformationontheInternetandwasinspiredbyawomanwhohadplanted30milliontreesinAfrica.可知这一切都始于菲利克斯必须在学校做一个关于气候变化的演讲。他在互联网上寻找信息，并受到一位在非洲种植了3000万棵树的妇女的启发。由此可知，非洲的一个植树者鼓舞Felix成立“为地球种植”组织。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Theyweresointerestedintheideathattheydonated€11,000totheproject.可知他们对这个想法非常感兴趣，于是向这个项目捐赠了1.1万欧元。由此可推断，Felix和丰田汽车经销商的谈话使他的项目受益匪浅。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中ButitturnedouttobepackedandhispicturewasonTVscreensaroundthecountry.可知但结果却很拥挤，他的照片出现在全国各地的电视屏幕上。由此可推知，Felix的计划很成功。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Butwhateverhedoesintherestofhislife,hehasalreadyachievedmorethanmostofuseverdo.可知但是无论他在他的余生中做什么，他已经取得了比我们大多数人都要多的成就。由此可推知，作者对Felix的评价很高。故选B。【点睛】易错分析3.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4aboutFelix’splan?A.Itwassuccessful.B.Ithadtobeputoff.C.Itmetwithpublicopposition.D.Itworkedwellashisparentsexpected.本题属于推理判断题。学生容易受到第四段中Hisparentswarnedhimthatveryfewjournalistsmightcome.(他的父母警告他说可能来的记者很少)的影响，而错选D选项，原文与D选项的表述完全相反，学生不要只看到parents就选D选项。本题答案在第四段最后一句ButitturnedouttobepackedandhispicturewasonTVscreensaroundthecountry.可知但结果却很拥挤，他的照片出现在全国各地的电视屏幕上。由此可推知，Felix的计划很成功。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Can'tResistJunkFood?StudySuggestsYouTryThisSimpleTrickYou'retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchawhiffofsomethingdelicious,probablyfriedandalmostcertainlyfattening.Itisfriedchicken!____16____Anewresearchsaysthatexposingtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactuallyhelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices.Let'stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverappetizingtreatcatchesyournose'sattentiontendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit?Whatwillhappenifyou'restandinginlineafteracoupleofminutes?____17____Andrecentsciencesaysthatthisisactuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.Theresultsofaseriesofexperiments,includingfieldstudiesatasupermarketandatamiddleschoolcafeteria,showthatextendedexposure(ofmorethantwominutes)tojunkfoodsmell(e.g,cookiesmell)leadstolowerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithhealthysmell(e.g.strawberrysmell).____18____Thatiswhylongexposuretojunkfoodsmellcanbeassatisfactoryasactuallyhavingitinyourmouth,whichinturndecreasesthedesireforconsumptionofjunkfood.____19____Whentheexposuretosmellofhealthyfoodwereexamined,foodchoiceswerenotprofoundlyinfluenced.Thereasonforthisisthathealthyfoodarenotconnectedwithrewardinourbrainandthereforehavelittleinfluenceonwhatwedesire.Sonexttimeyou'refeelingyoudon'thavethewillpowertoresistthatFrenchfries,itmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingallthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo.____20____A.Butwaitaminutebeforeyouorder.B.It'saresponsethathasbeenresearched.C.Getthesatisfactionwithnoneofthecalories.D.Itisn'tquiteasirresistibleasitwasjustmomentsago.E.However,it'snotthesamecasewithsmellofhealthyfood.F.It'sthesameasactuallyeatingitbecauseyourdesiretoeatitissatisfied.G.Thebraindoesn'tnecessarilydistinguishbetweenapleasurablesmellortaste.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.F【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，介绍了几项抵制垃圾食品诱惑的技巧。【16题详解】根据下一句“Anewresearchsaysthatexposingtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactuallyhelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices."可知，暴露在垃圾食品中至少两分钟会帮助你选择健康食品，所以本句与等待时间有关，表达“但是在预定之前先等一下”。故A选项“但是在预定之前先等一下”切题。故选A。【17题详解】根据前文连发的两个问句可知，垃圾食品在第一次被闻到时非常吸引人，那么在排队等了几分钟之后会发生什么呢?根据下一句可知，这恰恰是要离开的时刻，可知，本句在表达“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了。”故D选项“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了”切题。故选D。【18题详解】根据本段开头提示，可知一系列实验结果表明暴露在垃圾食品的气味中多于两分钟后会导致垃圾食品购买量的下降，在进行客观结果描述，所以排除易错选项F，同时，下一句在解释闻到气味就如同嘴巴吃到了一样满足。可知空处所在句要表达大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显。故G选项“大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显”切题。故选选G。【19题详解】从下一句“当检测健康食物的气味时，食物选择并没有受到很大的影响。”可以得知空格内容与健康食物的气味相关，并且表达转折的语义。故E选项“然而，健康食物的味道就不一样了。”切题。故选E。【20题详解】根据前句“itmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingallthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo."（最简单的方法是坐在那里闻上一两分钟香甜的味道）与选项中“It’sthesameasactuallyeatingitbecauseyourdesiretoeatitissatisfied.(闻到味道与吃到它是一样可以满足愿望的。)承接自然，话题一致。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMortonOwens,whoisnow98,started___21___atthehospitalafterherhusbanddiednearly20yearsago.“Myhusbandwasa(n)___22___here,offandonforaboutsixweeksoverfouryears,”she___23___.“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”Toshowher___24___,Owenswantedtogivebackinabigway.“Idon’thaveseveralmilliondollars,butIcangivemy___25___,”shesaid.Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.“Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek,”shesaid.“NowI’m___26___.SoIdon’tgetaroundasmuchasI___27___,soIonlygiveonedayaweek.”Togettoherweeklyfour-hour___28___,Owensreceivesaridefromavolunteerwhoshenowcallsherfriend.“Every___29___,Richardpicksmeupfrommyhomeandbringsmehere,”shesaid.“Idon’tbelievepeopleofmyageshouldbe_____30_____.”InheryoungeryearsOwensusedtowalkupanddownthefashionrunwaysinNewYorkCityandRichmond,Virginia.Shealsohada(n)_____31_____tobeinthe1939filmclassicGonewiththeWind.Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime,however,Owens“WhatIdidn’tdoinmylifeismore_____33_____thanwhatI’vedone”,shelaughs._____34_____she’sinhergoldenyears,Owensplanstocontinuetoliveherlifewith_____35_____bygreetingeachpatientwithasmile.21.A.volunteering B.training C.working D.nursing22.A.doctor B.expert C.patient D.assistant23.A.commented B.promised C.responded D.explained24.A.attitude B.appreciation C.sympathy D.response25.A.hand B.love C.smile D.time26.A.old B.strong C.sick D.lucky27.A.hadto B.hopedto C.usedto D.oughtto28.A.stand B.ride C.turn D.shift29.A.day B.Monday C.morning D.Tuesday30.A.struggling B.driving C.running D.changing31.A.part B.character C.performance D.opportunity32.A.decided B.hoped C.agreed D.happened33A.difficult B.interesting C.well-paid D.challenging34.A.Nowthat B.Guessingthat C.Supposingthat D.Exceptthat35.A.relief B.success C.purpose D.spirit【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.D30.B31.D32.A33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了现年98岁的欧文斯的早年经历以及她在医院做志愿者的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者。A.volunteering志愿者；B.training培训；C.working工作；D.nursing护理。根据下文中的Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.可知，欧文斯在医院做志愿者，故A项正确。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我丈夫在这里住过院（曾是这家医院的患者），四年来断断续续地住了六个星期的院。A.doctor医生；B.expert专家；C.patient病人；D.assistant助手。根据空后的Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.可知，欧文斯的丈夫生病的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，这说明欧文斯的丈夫在这里住过院（曾是这家医院的患者），故C项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“他生病（住院）的时候，医院里的每个人对我们都很好”。A.commented发表评论；B.promised承诺；C.responded答复；D.explained解释。空后的Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.是欧文斯解释说的话，故D项正确。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达她的感激之情，欧文斯想以另一种方式回报这家医院。A.attitude态度；B.appreciation感激；C.sympathy同情；D.response回答。空前一句说欧文斯的丈夫生病（住院）的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，因此她要表达对医院的感激，故B项正确、【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：我没有几百万美元，但我可以献出我的时间。A.hand手；B.love爱；C.smile微笑；D.time时间。根据上文中的Owens,whoisnow98,started___1___atthehospitalafterherhusbanddiednearly20yearsago.可知，现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者，因此此处是说她可以献出自己的时间（在医院做志愿者），故D项正确。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我年纪大了，不像以前那样到处走动了，所以我每周只有一天去做志愿者。A.old年纪大的；B.strong强壮的；C.sick生病的；D.lucky幸运的。根据上文中的Owens,whoisnow98可知，欧文斯现在已经98岁了，年纪已经非常大了，故A项正确。【27题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意同上。A.hadto不得不；B.hopedto希望；C.usedto过去常常；D.oughtto应该。根据上文中的Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek及空后的soIonlygiveonedayaweek.可知，欧文斯以前一周有三天去做志愿者，现在一周只有一天去做志愿者，这说明她现在年纪太大，不能像以前那样走得那么多了，故C项正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，她现在把这位志愿者称为自己的朋友。A.stand站立；B.ride车程；C.turn转动；D.shift轮班。根据上文可知，欧文斯现在每周去医院做一次志愿服务，因此此处指“去医院上班”，故D项正确。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周二，理查德都会去我家接我，送我来医院。A.day白天；B.Monday周一；C.morning早晨；D.Tuesday周二。根据上文中的WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMortonPlantHospitalonanearlyTuesdayafternoon,you’llbegreetedbythecomfortingvoiceofMaryEllenOwens.可知，欧文斯每周二去医院做志愿服务，故D项正确。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为像我这个年纪的人还应该开车。A.struggling挣扎；B.driving开车；C.running跑步；D.changing改变。根据上文中的Togettoherweeklyfour－hour___8___,Owensreceivesaridefromavolunteerwhoshenowcallsherfriend.可知，为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，这说明她不认为自己还能开车去上班，故B项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》。A.part部分；B.character特性；C.performance表演；D.opportunity机会。根据空后的turnitdown.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她拒绝了，故D项正确。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，因为她当时还有其他工作，欧文斯决定拒绝（出演《乱世佳人》）。A.decided决定；B.hoped希望；C.agreed同意；D.happened发生。根据空前的Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime可知，为她当时还有其他工作，所以欧文斯决定拒绝出演《乱世佳人》，故A项正确。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她笑着说：“在生活中没有做过的事比我做过的事更有趣”。A.difficult困难的；B.interesting有趣的；C.well-paid高薪的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据空前的Shealsohada（n）____11____tobeinthe1939filmclassicGonewiththeWind.Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime,however,Owens____12____toturnitdown.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她当时还有其他工作，所以她拒绝了，此处她解释拒绝出演《乱世佳人》的原因——没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣，故B项正确。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：既然她现在还能干得动（身体情况还允许），欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人。A.Nowthat既然；B.Guessingthat猜测；C.Supposingthat假如；D.Exceptthat除了……之外。根据空后的she’sinhergoldenyears,Owensplanstocontinuetoliveherlifewith___15___bygreetingeachpatientwithasmile.可知，既然她现在还能干得动（身体情况还允许），欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人（继续做志愿者），故A项