2025年托福听力天文讲座专项训练：天文科普教育与公众参与解析卷

2025年托福听力天文讲座专项训练：天文科普教育与公众参与解析卷一、听力理解要求：根据听力材料，选择最合适的答案。1.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.ThehistoryofastronomyB.TheimportanceoftelescopesinmodernastronomyC.TheimpactofcosmicraysonEarth'satmosphereD.Thediscoveryofthefirstblackhole2.Accordingtothelecture,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheHubbleSpaceTelescope?A.Itwaslaunchedinthe1980s.B.ItislocatedonEarth'ssurface.C.Itcanonlyobservevisiblelight.D.Ithasbeendecommissioned.3.WhatisthesignificanceoftheKeplerSpaceTelescopeaccordingtothelecture?A.Itisthelargestopticaltelescopeintheworld.B.Ithasdiscoveredthousandsofexoplanets.C.Itisusedtostudythecompositionofstars.D.Itislocatedintheoutersolarsystem.二、阅读理解要求：阅读文章，根据文章内容回答问题。4.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbelow.TheMilkyWaygalaxy,alsoknownastheGalaxy,isabarredspiralgalaxythatcontainsoursolarsystem.Itisoneofbillionsofgalaxiesintheobservableuniverse.TheMilkyWayhasadiameterofabout100,000light-yearsandcontainshundredsofbillionsofstars.OneofthemostfascinatingfeaturesoftheMilkyWayisthepresenceofasupermassiveblackholeatitscenter,knownasSagittariusA*.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheMilkyWayisabarredspiralgalaxy.B.TheMilkyWaycontainsoursolarsystem.C.TheMilkyWayhasadiameterofabout100,000light-years.D.SagittariusA*isasupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheMilkyWay?A.Itisthelargestgalaxyintheobservableuniverse.B.Itcontainshundredsofbillionsofstars.C.Itisasphericalgalaxy.D.Ithasnosupermassiveblackholeatitscenter.6.WhatisthesignificanceofSagittariusA*accordingtothepassage?A.Itisamedium-sizedblackhole.B.ItisthelargestblackholeintheMilkyWay.C.ItislocatedatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.D.ItisresponsiblefortheformationoftheMilkyWay.四、词汇理解要求：根据上下文，选择最合适的词填空。7.Thelecturediscussesthe___________ofdarkmatter,whichisbelievedtomakeupasignificantportionoftheuniverse'smass.A.compositionB.distributionC.discoveryD.existence8.Thespeakermentionsthat___________areessentialtoolsforastronomerstostudydistantcelestialbodies.A.telescopesB.satellitesC.spectrometersD.computers9.Thelectureexplainsthatthe___________ofastarcanprovidevaluableinformationaboutitsageandcomposition.A.colorB.brightnessC.rotationD.temperature五、推理判断要求：根据文章内容，推断出正确的结论。10.Thespeakermentionsthatthe___________oftheEarth'satmosphereisaffectedbycosmicrays,whicharehigh-energyparticlesfromspace.A.compositionB.pressureC.temperatureD.thickness11.Thelecturesuggeststhatthe___________ofexoplanetshasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheuseofspace-basedtelescopes.A.accuracyB.speedC.efficiencyD.variety12.Thespeakerindicatesthatthe___________ofblackholesisstillasubjectofactiveresearchinastronomy.A.formationB.propertiesC.detectionD.evolution六、主旨大意要求：概括文章的主要观点。13.Whatistheoverallpurposeofthelecture?A.Todiscussthehistoryoftelescopesinastronomy.B.Toexplainthevariousmethodsusedtostudyblackholes.C.Toexploretheroleofdarkmatterintheuniverse.D.TodescribetheimpactofcosmicraysonEarth'senvironment.本次试卷答案如下：一、听力理解1.B解析思路：通过听力材料，了解讲座主要讨论的是望远镜在现代天文学中的重要性。2.A解析思路：根据听力材料，了解哈勃太空望远镜是在1980年代发射的。3.B解析思路：通过听力材料，了解开普勒太空望远镜的主要贡献是发现了数千颗系外行星。二、阅读理解4.D解析思路：阅读文章后，可以确定文章的主要观点是介绍银河系中心存在一个名为SagittariusA*的超大质量黑洞。5.B解析思路：根据文章内容，银河系包含数百亿颗恒星，这是正确的描述。6.C解析思路：文章中提到SagittariusA*位于银河系的中心，这是其最重要的特征。四、词汇理解7.D解析思路：根据上下文，darkmatter（暗物质）的存在是讲座讨论的主题，因此选择existence（存在）。8.A解析思路：根据上下文，望远镜是天文学家研究遥远天体的