八年级英语期末考试：2025年环保议题阅读理解与词汇竞赛卷

八年级英语期末考试：2025年环保议题阅读理解与词汇竞赛卷一、阅读理解要求：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。1.Thefollowingpassageisabouttheimpactofplasticpollutiononouroceans.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Inrecentyears,theproblemofplasticpollutioninouroceanshasbecomeincreasinglyserious.Manymarineanimalsareaffectedbythepollution,andevensomeofthemdieduetoit.Herearesomefactsabouttheissue:A.Morethan8milliontonsofplasticareestimatedtoentertheoceaneachyear.B.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch,locatedbetweenCaliforniaandHawaii,istwicethesizeofTexas.C.Microplastics,whicharetinypiecesofplastic,havebeenfoundinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.D.Somecountries,suchasChinaandIndonesia,areresponsibleforalargepercentageoftheplasticpollution.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Theamountofplasticenteringtheoceaneachyear.B.ThesizeoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.C.Thepresenceofmicroplasticsinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.D.Thecountriesresponsiblefortheplasticpollution.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostconcerningissueaboutplasticpollutioninouroceans?A.Theamountofplasticenteringtheoceaneachyear.B.ThesizeoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.C.Thepresenceofmicroplasticsinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.D.Thecountriesresponsiblefortheplasticpollution.二、词汇辨析要求：在下列句子中，选出与画线部分意义最相近的词。3.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,ourliveshavebecomemoreconvenient.A.quickB.easyC.simpleD.convenient4.It'simportanttoreducewasteandrecyclemoreinordertoprotectourenvironment.A.topreventB.tostopC.tolimitD.tosave三、单项选择要求：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。5.Thegovernmenthasannouncedthattheywillbansingle-useplasticsby2030.A.announceB.promiseC.decideD.discuss6.It'sestimatedthatover100,000marineanimalsdieeachyearduetoplasticpollution.A.estimateB.calculateC.predictD.measure7.Microplasticscanbefoundinthedeepestpartsoftheocean,whichisveryconcerning.A.concerningB.worryingC.shockingD.amazing8.Somecountriesaretakingstepstoreducetheirplasticconsumptionandprotecttheenvironment.A.stepsB.measuresC.actionsD.efforts9.Theproblemofplasticpollutioninouroceansisaglobalissuethatneedstobeaddressedimmediately.A.globalB.internationalC.worldwideD.universal10.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchistwicethesizeofTexas,whichisahugeproblem.A.hugeB.seriousC.bigD.large四、完形填空要求：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。11.Asweallknow,plasticpollutionisamajorissueaffectingourplanet.()thenegativeimpactofplasticonourenvironment,manyorganizationsareworkingonfindingsolutions.A.ToaddressB.BecauseofC.InordertoD.Asaresultof12.Recyclingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceplasticpollution.()thispractice,wecanminimizetheamountofplasticthatendsupinlandfills.A.ByengaginginB.ThroughparticipatinginC.WiththehelpofD.Asaresultof13.Microplasticsaresmallpiecesofplasticthatarenotvisibletothenakedeye.()theyareasignificantthreattomarinelife.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Since14.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisacollectionofplasticwasteinthePacificOcean.()itisdifficulttocleanupduetoitsvastsize.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Furthermore15.Manycountriesare()policiestoreduceplasticpollution.Somehaveimposedbansonsingle-useplastics,whileothersarepromotingrecyclingprograms.A.implementingB.developingC.planningD.creating五、语法填空要求：根据句子意思和所给首字母，用适当的单词填空，使句子完整、正确。16.Theoceanis(1)ahomeformillionsofdifferentspeciesofmarinelife.17.Toprotecttheocean,weneedto(2)reduceouruseofplastic.18.Recyclingisagreatwayto(3)reduceplasticpollution.19.Weshould(4)theplasticbagsweusetocarryourshopping.20.Itis(5)importanttodisposeofplasticproperlytopreventpollution.六、翻译要求：将下列句子从英语翻译成汉语。21.Theuseofsingle-useplasticshasbeenbannedinmanycountriestoreduceenvironmentalpollution.22.Microplasticscanbefoundinthedeepestpartsoftheocean,posingasignificantthreattomarinelife.23.Itiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironmentandreduceplasticpollution.24.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisahugeareaofplasticwastethatiscausingseriousdamagetomarineecosystems.25.Byrecyclingandreusingplasticproducts,wecanhelpreducetheamountofplasticthatendsupinlandfills.本次试卷答案如下：一、阅读理解1.D解析：文章中提到了A、B、C三个选项的内容，但没有提到D选项中提到的国家。2.C解析：文章中提到微塑料在海洋深处被发现，这是一个非常令人担忧的问题。二、词汇辨析3.D解析：画线词"convenient"意为“方便的”，与其意义最相近的词是"D.convenient"。4.A解析：画线词"reduce"意为“减少”，与其意义最相近的词是"A.toprevent"。三、单项选择5.A解析：画线词"announce"意为“宣布”，与其意义最相近的词是"A.announce"。6.A解析：画线词"estimated"意为“估计”，与其意义最相近的词是"A.estimate"。7.B解析：画线词"concerning"意为“令人担忧的”，与其意义最相近的词是"B.worrying"。8.B解析：画线词"steps"意为“步骤”，与其意义最相近的词是"B.measures"。9.C解析：画线词"global"意为“全球的”，与其意义最相近的词是"C.worldwide"。10.D解析：画线词"huge"意为“巨大的”，与其意义最相近的词是"D.large"。四、完形填空11.A解析：根据句意，这里需要表示“为了解决”的短语，所以选择"A.Toaddress"。12.A解析：根据句意，这里需要表示“通过参与”的短语，所以选择"A.Byengagingin"。13.A解析：根据句意，这里需要表示“尽管”的连词，所以选择"A.Although"。14.C解析：根据句意，这里需要表示“因此”的连词，所以选择"C.Therefore"。15.A解析：根据句意，这里需要表示“实施”的动词，所以选择"A.implementing"。五、语法填空16.__an__解析：根据句意，这里需要形容词形式修饰名词"home"，所以填"an"。17.__to__解析：根据句意，这里需要不定式结构作为动词"need"的宾语，所以填"to"。18.__of__解析：根据句意，这里需要介词"of"表示"减少"的对象，所以填"of"。19.__the__解析：根据句意，这里需要定冠词"the"指代前面提到的"plasticbags"，所以填"the"。20.__it__解析：根据句意，这里需要代词"it"指代前面的"importance"，所以填"it"。六、翻译21.在许多国家，一次性塑料的使用已被禁止以减少环境污染。解析：根据句意，将"Theuseofsingle-useplastics"翻译为“一次性塑料的使用”，"hasbeenbanned"翻译为“已被禁止”，"toreduceenvironmentalpollution"翻译为“以减少环境污染”。22.微塑料可以在海洋的最深处被发现，这对海洋生物构成了一个重大的威胁。解析：根据句意，将"Microplastic