河南省商丘市部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省商丘市部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOnFebruary13,2025,theHarvardOfficefortheArts(OFA)hostedaspecialcelebrationtomarkits50thbirthday.Theevent,heldfrom8:00pmto10:00pm,wasanunforgettableeveningfilledwithlivemusic,dance,storytelling,poetryandvisualarts.Ithighlightedthecontributionsofstudentsandalumni(校友)whohaveshapedHarvard’slivelyartscommunityoverthepastfivedecades.Thecelebrationfeaturedperformancesbyavarietyofstudentgroups,includingtheHarvardUndergraduateBhangra,HarvardUniversityBand,OmoNaijaXWahalaBoys,First-YearMusical,KuumbaSingersofHarvardCollege,MariachiVeritasdeHarvard,andtheHarvardChoruses.OtherhighlightsincludedtraditionalRAZAFolkloricodances,Celticmusicanddance,operaperformances,andaspecialappearancebyTheHandsomeBoysPickin’Band.Inadditiontotheperformances,theeventincludedstorytellingsessionswithwell-knownalumnisuchasDianePaulusandKarinaCowperthwaite,actorCourtneyB.VanceandBronwynVance,visualartistTiffanyOnyeiwu,theaterartistMaranathaPaul,formerOFAdirectorJackMegan,PresidentAlanGarber,andPresidentEmeritaDrewGilpinFaust.Followingtheperformances,guestsenjoyedart-makinginAnnenbergDiningHall.ThecelebrationwasarareopportunitytoexperiencetherichartisticheritageofHarvardUniversityandtocelebratetheOFA’ssignificantimpactonstudents’life.Seatsfortheeventwerelimited,andattendeeshadreservedtheirfreeticketsthroughtheHarvardBoxOffice.Thecelebrationtookplaceat3OxfordStreet,Cambridge,MA02138.Formoreinformation,interestedpartiescouldcontacttheHarvardOFAviaemailatmusicdpt@fas.harvard.edu.1.WhywastheHarvardOFAeventheldonFebruary13,2025?A.TocelebratetheOFA’s50thbirthday. B.ToattractnewstudentstoHarvard.C.Toshowcaseinternationalarttrends. D.Toraisefundsforfutureartprograms.2.Whatdidattendeesenjoyaftertheperformances?A.Aguidedtour. B.Art-makingactivity.C.AlectureontheOFA’shistory. D.Groupdiscussions.3.Howdidattendeesreserveticketsfortheevent?A.ByemailingtheOFAdirectly. B.Byattendingthepre-eventreception.C.BycontactingtheHarvardBoxOffice.D.ByvisitingtheHarvardUniversityBandwebsite.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻稿。2025年2月13日，哈佛大学艺术办公室举办50周年庆，含表演、故事分享与艺术创作等活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“OnFebruary13,2025,theHarvardOfficefortheArts(OFA)hostedaspecialcelebrationtomarkits50thbirthday.(2025年2月13日，哈佛大学艺术办公室（OFA）举办了一场特别的庆祝活动，以纪念其成立50周年。)”可知，哈佛大学艺术办公室在2025年2月13日举办活动是为了庆祝OFA成立50周年。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Followingtheperformances,guestsenjoyedart-makinginAnnenbergDiningHall.(演出结束后，嘉宾们在安嫩伯格餐厅享受了艺术创作。)”可知，演出结束后，与会者享受了艺术创作活动。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Seatsfortheeventwerelimited,andattendeeshadreservedtheirfreeticketsthroughtheHarvardBoxOffice.(活动的座位有限，与会者通过哈佛大学售票处预订了免费门票。)”可知，与会者是通过联系哈佛大学售票处预订活动门票的。故选C。BDiarraBoubacar,atraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)practitioner(从业者)fromMali,Africa,isthefirstforeigndoctorinChinatoearnadoctoraldegreeinTCM.Hisjourneybeganinthe1980swhenhechosetostudyinChina,impressedbyChinesedoctorsusingacupuncture(针灸)totreatpolio(小儿麻痹症)inMali.AfterexperiencingTCM’seffectivenessduringaseverecold,heswitchedfromWesternmedicinetoTCM,earninghisdoctoratein1997fromChengduUniversityofTCM.Boubacarfacedchallengesearlyinhiscareer.Onhisfirstday,apatientquestionedhisqualificationsduetohisforeignappearance.Tobuildtrust,hereassuredpatientsinthewaitingarea,eventuallywinningthemoverwithhisexpertise.Overthreedecades,hehastreatedthousandsandtrainedover3,000ruraldoctorsinChina.HedreamsofpromotingTCMglobally,especiallyinAfrica,aimingtoestablishTCMcenterscombiningresearch,teachingandmedicalcare.TheWorldHealthOrganizationincludedTCMinitsInternationalClassificationofDiseases,andChinahasdevelopedover90internationalTCMstandards.However,expertslikeJiaYunfengnotethatmisinterpretationsofTCM’sbenefitsandalackofcommunicationtalentpreventitsglobalreach.TimVukan,aGermanTCMpractitioner,sharesBoubacar’smission.Afterstudyingmartialarts,VukanbecamecrazyaboutTCM’sholisticapproach(整体疗法).Heovercamelanguagebarriersbyturningherbalmedicineandacupuncturepointsintosongsandwritingthemoncards.Now,heteachesmedicalEnglishatZhejiangChineseMedicalUniversityandrunsWushanTCM,aplatformsharingTCMknowledgeglobally.VukanbelievesTCM’sfocusonpreventionandself-carecanimprovelivesworldwide.IranianMotaharehAsgariandherhusbandMeghdadAbdiarealsoTCMadvocates.Asgari,thefirstEnglish-taughtTCMPhDgraduatefromShanghaiUniversityofTCM,promotesculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandIran.Abdi,ataichienthusiast,haswoncompetitionsinIranandShanghai.Together,theyrepresentover1,000internationalstudentsatSHUTCM,contributingtoTCM’sglobalexpansion.ThroughfigureslikeBoubacar,VukanandAsgari,TCMisbecomingabridgeoffriendshipandculturalexchange,showcasingthetimelesswisdomofChinesemedicinetotheworld.4.WhatmotivatedDiarraBoubacartochangehismajortoTCM?A.HisintenseinterestinpromotingTCMglobally.B.HispersonalencounterwithTCMduringanillness.C.HisstrongdesiretoearnadoctoraldegreeinChina.D.HisadmirationforChinesedoctorstreatingpolioinMali.5.WhatismentionedasachallengetoTCM’sglobalexpansion?A.Misunderstandingsaboutitsbenefits. B.Lackoffundsforresearch.C.HighcostsofChinesemedicine. D.LimitedinterestinAsia.6.HowdidTimVukanovercomelanguagebarriersinlearningTCM?A.Heavoidedtheoreticalstudiesentirely. B.Heattendedintensivelanguagecourses.C.Heusedcreativememorizationtechniques. D.HepracticedwithnativeChinesespeakersdaily.7.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutTCMfromthetext?A.ItisonlypracticedinChina. B.Ithasnointernationalstandards.C.Itiswidelyacceptedwithoutanybarriers. D.Itisgainingglobalrecognitiondespitechallenges.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自马里的迪亚拉・布巴卡尔（DiarraBoubacar）等外国从业者学习、推广中医的故事，以及中医在全球推广过程中面临的挑战和取得的进展。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AfterexperiencingTCM’seffectivenessduringaseverecold,heswitchedfromWesternmedicinetoTCM,earninghisdoctoratein1997fromChengduUniversityofTCM.(在一次重感冒中体验到中医的疗效后，他从西医转向了中医)”可知，布巴卡尔是因为自己生病时亲身经历了中医的疗效才转专业学中医的。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,expertslikeJiaYunfengnotethatmisinterpretationsofTCM’sbenefitsandalackofcommunicationtalentpreventitsglobalreach(然而，像贾云峰这样的专家指出，对中医益处的误解和缺乏沟通人才阻碍了中医走向全球)”可知，提到的中医全球推广的挑战是对其益处的误解。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Heovercamelanguagebarriersbyturningherbalmedicineandacupuncturepointsintosongsandwritingthemoncards(他通过将草药和穴位编成歌曲并写在卡片上克服了语言障碍)”可知，蒂姆・武坎是通过创造性的记忆技巧来克服学习中医的语言障碍的。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“DiarraBoubacar,atraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)practitioner(从业者)fromMali,Africa,isthefirstforeigndoctorinChinatoearnadoctoraldegreeinTCM.(来自非洲马里的中医迪亚拉·布巴卡尔（DiarraBoubacar）是第一位在中国获得中医博士学位的外国医生)”可知，来自马里的布巴卡尔成为中国首位获得中医博士学位的外国医生，这体现了中医在国际上受到关注并被外国人深入学习。根据第四段“TimVukan,aGermanTCMpractitioner,sharesBoubacar’smission.Afterstudyingmartialarts,VukanbecamecrazyaboutTCM’sholisticapproach(整体疗法).Heovercamelanguagebarriersbyturningherbalmedicineandacupuncturepointsintosongsandwritingthemoncards.Now,heteachesmedicalEnglishatZhejiangChineseMedicalUniversityandrunsWushanTCM,aplatformsharingTCMknowledgeglobally.(德国中医从业者蒂姆·乌坎（TimVukan）与布巴卡尔有着同样的使命。在学习了武术之后，乌坎对中医的整体疗法非常着迷。他克服了语言障碍，把草药和穴位编成歌曲写在卡片上。现在，他在浙江中医药大学教授医学英语，并经营巫山中医，这是一个全球中医知识分享平台)”可知，德国的武坎不仅学习中医，还在全球分享中医知识；根据第五段“IranianMotaharehAsgariandherhusbandMeghdadAbdiarealsoTCMadvocates.(伊朗人MotaharehAsgari和她的丈夫MeghdadAbdi也是中医倡导者)”可知，这些都说明中医在全球范围内有许多外国从业者在积极推广，正获得全球的认可。同时，根据第三段“However,expertslikeJiaYunfengnotethatmisinterpretationsofTCM’sbenefitsandalackofcommunicationtalentpreventitsglobalreach.(然而，贾云峰等专家指出，对中医益处的误解和传播人才的缺乏阻碍了中医的全球影响力)”可知，中医在全球推广中存在对其益处误解和缺乏沟通人才等问题。综合全文内容可推断出，中医尽管面临挑战，但正在获得全球认可，与选项D表述一致，故选D。CThenumberofmonarchbutterfliesspendingthewinterinthewesternUnitedStateshasfallentoitssecond-lowestlevelinnearly30years,accordingtoarecentsurvey.Pesticides(农药),habitatlossandclimatechangearethreateningthisbelovedpollinator(传粉昆虫),knownforitsstrikingorange-and-blackwings.Thesurvey,conductedbytheXercesSocietyforInvertebrateConservation,beganin1997.IttrackedmonarchpopulationsalongtheCaliforniacoast,northernBajaCalifornia,andinlandsitesinCaliforniaandArizona.In2024,only9,119monarchswerecounted,a96%decreasefrom233,394in2023.Thisisthesecond-lowestnumbersincethesurveystarted,withtherecordlowbeing1,901monarchsin2020.Forexample,asiteinSantaBarbarathathosted33,200monarchslastwintersawonly198thisyear.Monarchsfacemultiplethreats,includingthedisappearanceofmilkweed,theplantessentialfortheiryoungsters.Drought,wildfires,agricultureandurbandevelopmenthavereducedmilkweedavailability,whilepesticideshavepoisonedmuchofwhatremains.Additionally,extremeheatin2023mayhaveharmedthebutterflies.Temperaturesabove37.7℃slowmonarchbreeding(繁殖),andanythingabove42.2℃islethal.Lastsummer,partsofthewesternUSexperiencedrecord-breakingheat,withPalmSpringsreaching51.1℃inJuly.Despitethealarmingdecline,thereishope.Monarchpopulationshadrecoveredbefore.Afterhittingalowof1,901in2020,thenumberincreasedto247,246in2021.EmmaPelton,anendangeredspeciesbiologistwiththeXercesSociety,emphasizedthatwhilethe2024dropisconcerning,itservesasawake-upcalltoprotecttheseinsects.Effortsareunderwaytosafeguardmonarchs.InDecember2024,theUSFishandWildlifeServiceproposedlistingmonarchsasathreatenedspecies,whichwouldprotecttheirhabitatsandrestrictharmfulactivities.ApubliccommentperiodontheproposalendsinMarch,withadecisionexpectedbyDecember.Additionally,environmentalgroupslikeEarthjusticearepushingforstricterregulationsonpesticidestoprotectmonarchsandotherpollinators.Insummary,thedramaticdeclineinmonarchbutterflypopulationshighlightstheurgentneedforconservationeffortstoaddresshabitatloss,climatechangeandpesticideuse.Withunitedaction,thereisstillhopetosavetheseiconicinsects.8.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph2suggest?A.Theconsistentbreedingconditions. B.Aseveredropinmonarchpopulations.C.Thesuccessofwildliferegulations. D.Afailureinconservationmeasures.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lethal”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Manageable. B.Insignificant. C.Deadly. D.Beneficial.10.WhatspecificactionisEarthjusticeadvocatingtoprotectmonarchbutterflies?A.Tougherregulationsonpesticideusage. B.Relocatingmonarchstocoolerclimates.C.Fundingforurbanmilkweedplantations. D.RestrictingagriculturalexpansioninCalifornia.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmonarchbutterflies?A.They’llrecoverquicklyontheirown. B.Milkweedwillbesufficientforthem.C.They’llkeepdecreasingwithoutefforts. D.Habitatlossisn’tamajorissueforthem.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帝王蝶数量降至近30年第二低，受农药、栖息地丧失和气候变化威胁，需采取保护措施拯救。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In2024,only9,119monarchswerecounted,a96%decreasefrom233,394in2023.Thisisthesecond-lowestnumbersincethesurveystarted,withtherecordlowbeing1,901monarchsin2020.(2024年，仅统计到9119只帝王蝶，比2023年的233394只减少了96%。这是自调查开始以来的第二低数量，记录最低值是2020年的1901只帝王蝶。)”以及“Forexample,asiteinSantaBarbarathathosted33,200monarchslastwintersawonly198thisyear.(例如，圣巴巴拉的一个地点去年冬天有33200只帝王蝶，今年却只有198只。)”可知，这些数字表明帝王蝶的数量急剧下降。故选B。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Temperaturesabove37.7℃slowmonarchbreeding(繁殖),andanythingabove42.2℃islethal.(温度高于37.7℃会减缓帝王蝶的繁殖，任何高于42.2℃的温度都是lethal。)”可知，前面提到高于37.7℃只是减缓繁殖，而这里用and连接，说明高于42.2℃的情况更严重，所以猜测lethal意思是“致命的”。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Additionally,environmentalgroupslikeEarthjusticearepushingforstricterregulationsonpesticidestoprotectmonarchsandotherpollinators.(此外，像Earthjustice这样的环保组织正在推动对农药实施更严格的监管，以保护帝王蝶和其他传粉昆虫。)”可知，Earthjustice倡导的具体行动是对农药使用实施更严格的监管。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Pesticides(农药),habitatlossandclimatechangearethreateningthisbelovedpollinator(传粉昆虫),knownforitsstrikingorange-and-blackwings.(农药、栖息地的丧失和气候变化正威胁着这种受人喜爱的传粉昆虫，它以其醒目的橙黑色翅膀而闻名。)”以及最后一段“Insummary,thedramaticdeclineinmonarchbutterflypopulationshighlightstheurgentneedforconservationeffortstoaddresshabitatloss,climatechangeandpesticideuse.Withunitedaction,thereisstillhopetosavetheseiconicinsects.(总之，帝王蝶数量的急剧下降凸显了迫切需要采取保护措施来解决栖息地丧失、气候变化和农药使用问题。通过联合行动，仍然有希望拯救这些标志性的昆虫。)”可推断，如果不努力，帝王蝶的数量将会继续减少。故选C。DLastsummer,theUnitedKingdombecamethefirstcountryinEuropetolegalizelab-grownmeat,startingwithpetfood.ThisFriday,theproductwillhittheshelves.Theproducer,Meatly,hascreatedadogtreatcalledChickBites.Unliketraditionalpetfood,ChickBitesaremadewithoutinvolvingalivechicken.Instead,cellsfromachickeneggarecultivated(培育)inalabandcombinedwithplant-basedingredients.Thecompanyclaimstheresultis“justastastyandnutritiousastraditionalchicken”.Meatly,basedinLondon,describesitselfasthefirstcompanytosupplycultivatedmeatforpetfood.Thecompanystatesthatasinglesample(样本)ofeggcells,multipliedinalab,canproduceenoughproteintofeedpetsforever.Cultivatedmeatisconsideredmoremoralandmoreecologicallybeneficial,althoughitsproductiondoescontributetoCO2emissionsduetotheelectricityrequired.AccordingtotheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency,producingcultivatedmeatuses45%lessenergythantraditionalchickenfarming.Ifpoweredbyrenewableenergy,itcanemitupto92%lessgreenhousegases,use95%lessland,and78%lesswater.ChickBitesarepackagedinapaleblueresealablepackfeaturingacartoondogwavingaflag.Pricedat￡3.49perpack,theyfallinthemid-rangefordogtreatsavailableatPetsAtHome,theUKtradersettostartsellingthemthisFriday.AndrewKnight,aprofessorofveterinaryscienceattheUniversityofWinchester,highlightedthataround20%ofmeatconsumedinhigherpet-owningnations,includingtheUK,iseatenbypets,nothumans.A2022surveypublishedinthePLOSONEjournalfoundthat32.5%ofrespondentswerewillingtoeatcultivatedmeatthemselves,while47.3%werewillingtofeedittotheirpets.Meanwhile,BioCraftPetNutrition,aVienna-basedcompany,isdevelopinglab-grownmousemeat,rabbitmeatandbeefforpets,claimingcatsanddogsabsolutelylovethem.However,thetrueappealoftheseproductswillonlybeknownoncetheyreachthemarket.12.WhatdoweknowaboutChickBites?A.Theyarecreatedwithoutlivinganimals. B.Theyarealternativestoplants.C.Theyarepackagedinayellowpack. D.Theyarehighly-pricedintheUK.13.Whatistheadvantageofcultivatedmeataccordingtoparagraph3?A.It’smorenutritious. B.It’smorecost-effective.C.It’smoredelicious. D.It’smoreenvironmentallyfriendly.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Mostpeopleareeagertoeatcultivatedmeat.B.Thepopularityofcultivatedpetfoodremainsuncertain.C.Cultivatedpetfoodwillsurelybefavoredinthemarket.D.BioCraftPetNutrition’sproductsarebetterthanMeatly’s.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.TopromotethesaleofChickBites.B.Todiscusstheenvironmentalimpactofpetfood.C.Toexplaintheprocessofmakinglab-grownmeat.D.Tointroducethefirstlab-grownmeatpetfoodintheUK.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。英国成为欧洲首个使实验室培育肉合法化的国家，率先应用于宠物食品，介绍了首款产品ChickBites。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Unliketraditionalpetfood,ChickBitesaremadewithoutinvolvingalivechicken.Instead,cellsfromachickeneggarecultivated(培育)inalabandcombinedwithplant-basedingredients.(与传统宠物食品不同，ChickBites的制作不涉及活鸡。相反，从鸡蛋中提取的细胞在实验室中培养，并与植物性成分相结合。)”可知，ChickBites的制作不使用活的动物。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“AccordingtotheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency,producingcultivatedmeatuses45%lessenergythantraditionalchickenfarming.Ifpoweredbyrenewableenergy,itcanemitupto92%lessgreenhousegases,use95%lessland,and78%lesswater.(根据欧洲环境署的数据，生产培育肉比传统养鸡业少用45%的能源。如果由可再生能源驱动，它可以减少高达92%的温室气体排放，少用95%的土地和78%的水。)”可知，培育肉的优势是更环保。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“A2022surveypublishedinthePLOSONEjournalfoundthat32.5%ofrespondentswerewillingtoeatcultivatedmeatthemselves,while47.3%werewillingtofeedittotheirpets.Meanwhile,BioCraftPetNutrition,aVienna-basedcompany,isdevelopinglab-grownmousemeat,rabbitmeatandbeefforpets,claimingcatsanddogsabsolutelylovethem.However,thetrueappealoftheseproductswillonlybeknownoncetheyreachthemarket.(2022年发表在《公共科学图书馆・综合》杂志上的一项调查发现，32.5%的受访者愿意自己食用培育肉，而47.3%的受访者愿意将其喂给宠物。与此同时，总部位于维也纳的BioCraft宠物营养公司正在开发实验室培育的用于宠物的鼠肉、兔肉和牛肉，声称猫和狗绝对喜欢它们。然而，这些产品的真正吸引力只有在它们进入市场后才会知道。)”可知，虽然有部分人愿意食用或喂给宠物培育肉，但培育宠物食品的受欢迎程度仍不确定。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Lastsummer,theUnitedKingdombecamethefirstcountryinEuropetolegalizelab-grownmeat,startingwithpetfood.ThisFriday,theproductwillhittheshelves.Theproducer,Meatly,hascreatedadogtreatcalledChickBites.(去年夏天，英国成为欧洲第一个将实验室培育肉合法化的国家，首先从宠物食品开始。本周五，该产品将上架。生产商Meatly公司推出了一种名为ChickBites的狗零食。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了英国第一种实验室培育的肉制宠物食品。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenitcomestoself-improvement,settinggoalsisabsolutelycrucial.ButnotjustanygoalsareSMARTgoals.SMARTstandsforSpecific,Measurable,Achievable,Relevant,andTime-Bound.Thesestandardsprovidearoadmapforsuccess.Firstandforemost,bespecificaboutwhatyouwanttoachieve.Insteadofsaying“getfit”,setaprecisegoallike“finisha5-kilometerruninlessthan30minutesbyJune1st”.____16____,suchasjoggingfor10minutesthreetimesaweek,graduallyincreasingthedurationandintensity.Thisway,youhaveaclearplanofaction.____17____.Ifyourgoalistosavemoney,aimtosave$1,000everymonthforsixmonths.Usetrackingappsorasimplespreadsheettomonitoryourprogress.Seeinghowcloseyouaretoyourgoalcanboostyourmotivationandhelpyoustayontrack.It’sessentialtomakesureyourgoalsareachievable.____18____.Avoidsettingthebartoohigh,whichcanleadtodiscouragement.Forexample,ifyouwanttostartabusiness,divideitintopracticaltasks:researchthemarket,writeabusinessplan,securefunding,andsoon.Relevanceisanotherimportantfactor.Yourgoalsshouldmatchyourinterests,valuesandlong-termobjectives.____19____,focusondevelopingtheskillsandexperienceneededforthedesiredposition.Thisway,eachgoalyousetcontributestoyouroveralllifevisionandhelpsyoumoveclosertoyourdreams.Lastly,itisvitaltosetclearstartandenddatesforyourgoals.Youshouldensurethatthedeadlinesyousetarepracticalyetchallengingenoughtokeepyoumotivatedandontrack.____20____.Meanwhile,itisnecessarytobeflexibleenoughtoadjustyourplanwhenrequired.A.MeasurabilityisalsokeyB.Ifyou’reseekingapromotionatworkC.WhenyoufeeltiredandstressedinyourcareerD.Additionally,setasidesufficienttimeforhigh-qualityworkE.StaymotivatedbyrewardingyourselfforeachgoalachievedF.Consideryourcurrentabilities,resourcesandanypotentialbarriersG.Tomakethisgoalmoremanageable,breakitdownintosmallersteps【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.B20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍SMART目标的五个标准（具体、可衡量、可实现、相关、有时限）及实现方法。【16题详析】由上文“Firstandforemost,bespecificaboutwhatyouwanttoachieve.Insteadofsaying‘getfit’,setaprecisegoallike‘finisha5-kilometerruninlessthan30minutesbyJune1st’.(首先也是最重要的，要明确你想要实现的目标。不要说‘健身’，而是设定一个精确的目标，比如‘在6月1日前在30分钟内完成5公里跑步’。)”可知，这里提到了设定精确目标，下文“suchasjoggingfor10minutesthreetimesaweek,graduallyincreasingthedurationandintensity.Thisway,youhaveaclearplanofaction.(比如每周慢跑三次，每次10分钟，逐渐增加时长和强度。这样，你就有了一个清晰的行动计划。)”是对目标进行细化分解的举例。而G项Tomakethisgoalmoremanageable,breakitdownintosmallersteps(为了使这个目标更易于管理，把它分解成更小的步骤)符合此处语境，起到了承上启下的作用，其中breakitdownintosmallersteps与下文举例相呼应。故选G项。【17题详析】根据下文“Ifyourgoalistosavemoney,aimtosave$1,000everymonthforsixmonths.Usetrackingappsorasimplespreadsheettomonitoryourprogress.Seeinghowcloseyouaretoyourgoalcanboostyourmotivationandhelpyoustayontrack.(如果你的目标是存钱，那就设定目标，在六个月内每月存1000美元。使用跟踪应用程序或简单的电子表格来监控你的进展。看到自己离目标有多近可以增强你的动力，并帮助你保持正轨。)”可知，这里主要讲的是设定目标要可衡量以及如何衡量目标进展。A项Measurabilityisalsokey(可衡量性也是关键)符合此处语境，可作为该段的主旨句，引出下文关于可衡量性的阐述。故选A项。【18题详析】由上文“It’sessentialtomakesureyourgoalsareachievable.(确保你的目标是可实现的，这一点至关重要。)”可知，这里强调目标要可实现，下文“Avoidsettingthebartoohigh,whichcanleadtodiscouragement.Forexample,ifyouwanttostartabusiness,divideitintopracticaltasks:researchthemarket,writeabusinessplan,securefunding,andsoon.(避免把目标定得太高，这可能会导致气馁。例如，如果你想创业，把它分成实际的任务：研究市场、写商业计划、筹集资金等等。)”是对如何使目标可实现的举例说明。F项Consideryourcurrentabilities,resourcesandanypotentialbarriers(考虑你目前的能力、资源以及任何潜在的障碍)符合此处语境，承上启下，说明要综合考虑自身情况来确保目标可实现。故选F项。【19题详析】由上文“Relevanceisanotherimportantfactor.Yourgoalsshouldmatchyourinterests,valuesandlong-termobjectives.(相关性是另一个重要因素。你的目标应该与你的兴趣、价值观和长期目标相匹配。)”可知，这里讲的是目标的相关性，下文“focusondevelopingtheskillsandexperienceneededforthedesiredposition.Thisway,eachgoalyousetcontributestoyouroveralllifevisionandhelpsyoumoveclosertoyourdreams.(专注于培养所需职位所需的技能和经验。这样，你设定的每个目标都有助于你整体的人生愿景，并帮助你更接近你的梦想。)”是对目标与自身情况相关的进一步举例说明。B项Ifyou’reseekingapromotionatwork(如果你正在寻求工作上的晋升)符合此处语境，是一个具体的与工作相关的例子，与下文培养所需职位技能相呼应。故选B项。【20题详析】由上文“Lastly,itisvitaltosetclearstartandenddatesforyourgoals.Youshouldensurethatthedeadlinesyousetarepracticalyetchallengingenough tokeepyoumotivatedandontrack.(最后，为你的目标设定明确的开始和结束日期是至关重要的。你应该确保你设定的最后期限是实际的，但又足够具有挑战性，以保持你的动力和轨道。)”可知，此处强调目标的“时间限制”（Time-Bound）。D项Additionally,setasidesufficienttimeforhigh-qualitywork(此外，要留出足够的时间来完成高质量的工作)补充说明在时间规划中，除了截止日期，还需保证工作质量所需的时间，其中setasidesufficienttime与startandenddates形成时间管理的递进关系，符合段落逻辑。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnafreezingMondaynightinWisconsin,TannerAterbecamealocalhero.The30-year-oldNeenahresidentsprangintoactionafter____21____aloudnoiseoutsidehisapartment.____22____tolookintowhathadhappenedthroughthewindow,hediscoveredacarhad____23____atreeonGillinghamRoad.The____24____layonitsside,withtheenginestartingtocatchfire.Withouthesitation,Aterquicklygrabbedhiscoatandafireextinguisher(灭火器),andthen____25____tothesite.Uponarrival,heputoutthefirealmostcompletelyandhelpedawoman,whowas____26____forhelpontopoftheoverturnedcar,toa____27____place.Butthedangerwasn’tover.Thedriver,herhusband,wasstill____28____insideasthefirethreatenedto____29____thevehicleagain.“Iwas____30____Iwouldn’tgethimoutintime,”Atersaid.____31____,apoliceofficerarrivedtoassist,andtogethertheymanagedto____32____theman.Both____33____weretransportedtothehospital.Thewomanhassincebeendischarged,whilethemanisstill____34____.PoliceofficialshavepraisedAter’s____35____onsocialmedia,expressingtheirgratitudeforhisquickthinkingandactions.21.A.hoping B.imagining C.feeling D.hearing22.A.Waiting B.Hurrying C.Failing D.Refusing23.A.crashedinto B.pulledover C.passedby D.climbedup24.A.house B.tree C.vehicle D.road25.A.pointed B.adapted C.wandered D.sped26.A.shouting B.singing C.laughing D.dancing27.A.dangerous B.safe C.quiet D.noisy28.A.employed B.hidden C.trapped D.relaxed29.A.protect B.leave C.clean D.consume30.A.annoyed B.worried C.amused D.puzzled31.A.Fortunately B.Obviously C.Sadly D.Usually32.A.find B.meet C.rescue D.call33.A.passengers B.drivers C.heroes D.survivors34.A.thinking B.recovering C.working D.studying35.A.curiosity B.wisdom C.bravery D.patience【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。在威斯康星州寒冷的周一夜晚，TannerAter听到车祸声响后，英勇灭火救人，获警方赞扬。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位30岁的尼纳居民在听到公寓外一声巨响后迅速采取了行动。A.hoping希望；B.imagining想象；C.feeling感觉；D.hearing听到。根据下文“aloudnoiseoutsidehisapartment”以及语境可知，这里指应该是听到公寓外的巨响，所以用hearing。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他急忙透过窗户去查看发生了什么事，发现一辆汽车在吉林厄姆路撞上了一棵树。A.Waiting等待；B.Hurrying急忙；C.Failing失败；D.Refusing拒绝。根据上文“sprangintoaction”可知，他迅速采取行动，所以这里指是急忙透过窗户去看。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他急忙透过窗户去查看发生了什么事，发现一辆汽车在吉林厄姆路撞上了一棵树。A.crashedinto撞上；B.pulledover靠边停车；C.passedby经过；D.climbedup爬上。根据下文“atreeonGillinghamRoad”以及“theenginestartingtocatchfire”和“theoverturnedcar”可知，这里指汽车是撞上了树。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：车辆侧翻着，发动机开始着火。A.house房子；B.tree树；C.vehicle车辆；D.road路。根据上文“acarhadatreeonGillinghamRoad”可知，这里说的是汽车，即车辆，所以应用vehicle。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫不犹豫地，阿特迅速抓起他的外套和一个灭火器，然后火速赶到现场。A.pointed指向；B.adapted适应；C.wandered徘徊；D.sped加速，火速前往。根据上文“Withouthesitation”以及语境可知，他动作很快，所以是火速赶到现场。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达后，他几乎完全扑灭了火，并帮助一名在侧翻的汽车顶部大喊救命的女子转移到了一个安全的地方。A.shouting大喊；B.singing唱歌；C.laughing大笑；D.dancing跳舞。根据下文“forhelp”以及当时的紧急情况可知，这里指女子是在大喊救命。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到达后，他几乎完全扑灭了火，并帮助一名在侧翻的汽车顶部大喊救命的女子转移到了一个安全的地方。A.dangerous危险的；B.safe安全的；C.quiet安静的；D.noisy吵闹的。根据下文“place”以及常识可知，在发生事故，汽车着火的情况下，肯定是把女子转移到安全的地方。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是危险还没有结束。司机，也就是她的丈夫，仍然被困在车内，而大火有可能再次吞噬这辆车。A.employed雇佣；B.hidden隐藏；C.trapped被困；D.relaxed放松。根据上文“Thelayonitsside”以及汽车侧翻着火的情况可知，这里指司机是被困在车内。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是危险还没有结束。司机，也就是她的丈夫，仍然被困在车内，而大火有可能再次吞噬这辆车。A.protect保护；B.leave离开；C.clean清洁；D.consume吞噬。根据上文“theenginestartingtocatchfire”以及这里说危险还没结束可知，这里指大火有可能再次吞噬这辆车。故选D项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我担心我不能及时把他救出来，”阿特说。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.worried担心的；C.amused被逗乐的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据下文“Iwouldn’tgethimoutintime”可知，在那种紧急情况下，阿特是担心不能及时救出被困的人。故选B项。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一名警察赶到帮忙，他们一起设法救出了那个人。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Obviously明显地；C.Sadly悲伤地；D.Usually通常地。根据下文“apoliceofficerarrivedtoassist”以及语境可知，在阿特担心不能及时救出