高考英语阅读理解及解析

高考英语阅读理解及解析

Inrecentyearsmanycountriesoftheworldhavebeen

facedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheirworkers

moreproductive.Someexpertsclaimtheansweristo

makejobsmorevaried.Butdomorevariousjobslead

togreaterproductivity?Thereisevidencetosuggest

thatwhilevarietycertainlymakestheworkerslife

moreenjoyable,itdoesnotactuallymakehimwork

harder.Asfarasincreasingproductivityisconcerned,

thenvarietyisnotanimportantfactor.

Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworkerfreedom

todohisjobinhisownwayisimportant,andthereis

nodoubtthatthisistrue.Theproblemisthatthiskind

offreedomcannoteasilybegiveninthemodern

factorywithitscomplicatedmachinerywhichmustbe

usedinafixedway.Thuswhilefreedomofchoicemay

beimportant,thereisusuallyverylittlethatcanbe

donetocreateit.

Anotherveryimportantconsiderationishoweach

workercontributestotheproductheismaking.lnmost

factoriestheworkerseesonlyonepartofthe

product.Somecarfactoriesarenowexperimenting

withhavingmanysmallproductionlinesratherthan

onelargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoreto

theproductionofthecarsonhisline.ltwouldseem

thatnotonlyisdegreeoftheworkercontributionan

importantfactor,therefore,butitisalsoonewecan

dosomethingabout.

Towhatextentdoesmoremoneyleadtogreater

productivity?Theworkersthemselvescertainlythink

thisisimportant.Butperhapstheywantmoremoney

onlybecausetheworktheydoisboring.Moneyjust

letsthemenjoytheirsparetimemore.Asimilar

argumentmayexplaindemandsforshorterworking

hours.Perhapsifwesucceedinmakingtheirjobsmore

interesting,theywillneitherwantmoremoney,nor

willshorterworkinghoursbesoimportanttothem.

l.Whichofthefollowingisthebestwaytomake

workersworkharderaccordingtotheauthor?

A.lncreasingtheirpay.

B.Givingthemmoresparetime.

C.Makingtheworkitselfmeaningful.

0.Replacinglargeproductionlineswithsmall

ones.

B.hedoesnotknowwhatheisdoing

C.hislifeinsparetimeismoreinteresting

D.theimportanceofhisjobisnotcleartohim

4.lnthearticle,theword"productivitymeans

A.theactivityofproducingsomething

B.theproductionvolumeinatimeunit

C.theplanandthemethodofproduction

D.boththequantityandqualityofaproduct

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe

A.ProblemsofModernWorkers

B.MakingJobsMoreInteresting

C.PushingWorkerstoProduceMore

D.HowtoImproveLaborConditions

本文分析的是专家们就如何提高工人劳动生产

率的'问题所提出的不同观点。

1.C。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Perhaps

ifwesucceedinmakingtheirjobsmoreinteresting,

theywillneitherwantmoremoney,norwillshorter

workinghoursbesoimportanttothem可推断如果工

作本身有意义，更多的钱和更短的工作时间对工人们

来说就不那么重要了。因此可推出答案为C。

2.Do推理判断题。根据第2段Theproblemisthat

thiskindoffreedomcannoteasilybegiveninthe

modernfactorywithitscomplicatedmachinerywhich

mustbeusedinafixedway中mustbeusedina

fixedway（必须按固定的方式），可推知答案为D。

3.Do推理判断题。根据第3段Inmostfactories

theworkerseesonlyonepartoftheproduct…工人看

到的只是产品的一部分，而没有意识到做出的贡献,

即不清楚工作的重要性，因此认为工作不令人愉快。

由此可推出答案为Do

推理判断题。推断词义。文章中多次出现这

4.BO

个词。根据第1段第一句howtomaketheirworkers

moreproductive（多产的），怎样使工人的在一定时

间内生产出更多产品。Butdomorevariousjobsleadto

greaterproductivity?和Towhatextentdoesmor