名师原创：Unit7 单元语法详解课件

Unit7Art单元语法详解北师大版新教材必修三

原创Cao本单元重点语法→名词性从句

a.Artiswhatyousee,butwhatyoumakeotherssee.（教材

P7）b.VanGoghpaintedwhathesawfromhiswindow–thenightskywithcloudsstarsandamoon.(教材P8)c.However,thefactremainsthatTheStarryNightisnowoneoftheworld’smostfamouspaintings.(教材

P8)d.Whatmakesitstrikingisthatitshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear–thefigure’smouthiswideopenandlettingoutapowerfulscream.

(教材

P9)e.Inhisdiary,Munchtalkedaboutwhatinspiredhim.(教材

P9)f.Whatisstrangeisthatabovethehouseandthetree,weseeaday-timeskyfullofbrightnessandsoftwhiteclouds.(教材

P9)◆原句再现●名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因这四种从句在句中具有名词性特征，因此，统称为名词性从句。名词性从句是历年高考的热点，敬请引起重视！◆名词性从句的含义◆名词性从句引导词的判断与选择●名词性从句的引导词很多，归纳起来可分为以下三类：定义功能例词连词起连接作用，不充当句子成分that,if,whether连接代词起连接作用，又在从句中作主、宾、表和定语who,whom,whose,which,what…连接副词起连接作用，又在从句中作状语where,when,why●

有意连词：有其特定的含义，请观察以下连词※

what表“……的内容”；when表“…什么时候”；where表“…在哪儿”；why表“为什么…”；how表“怎样…”；who表“谁、哪一个”；which表“哪一个、哪一些”；if/whether表“是否”●

无意连词：没有实际意义的连词。无意连词只有that

一个，在引导宾语从句时that可以省略，但是在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不省略，请观察以下真题a.Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize______sillymistakesIhadmakewhatB.thatC.howD.whichb.Ithinkfatherwouldliketoknow_______I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.howAc※

解题技巧：先分析名词性从句的意义是否完整，确定使用有意连词还是无意连词，然后根据从句所缺含义和成分确定连词。◆从句中的语序●在名词性从句中,从句中一律使用陈述语句语序,特别要注意由连接代词和连接副词引导的从句，请切勿受特殊疑问句的影响而用疑问句语序，请观察以下句子a.Iwonderwhosheis.b.Thequestioniswhenwe’llcompletetheproject.c.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.●真题再现a.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.goandsee_____.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisDb.Heasked______fortheviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.

IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid

D◆从句中的时态：在名词性从句中，要注意从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时态一致关系●在宾语从句中，当主句是一般现在时时,宾语从句可以根据需要可用一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时等多种时态，请观察以下句子a.MarysaysthatTomisn’tlazy.b.MarysaysTomisdoingwellinhislessons.c.MarysaysshewillaskMr.WutogiveTomsomework.d.MarysaysTommayfallbehindtheotherstudentse.Marysaysshehasfinishedherhomework

aheadoftime.※

真题再现Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhen_________andseehimA.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome

A●如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,则宾语从句需用过去的某种时态,请观察以下句子a.Shesaidthatshemissedusverymuch.b.Shesaidshewaswritingaletter.c.ShesaidshewouldvisittheGreatWalld.Shesaidshehaddoneherjobbyfiveo’clockyesterdayafternoon.※真题a.Susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn’twantherparentstoknowwhatshe______A.hasdoneB.haddoneC.wasdoingD.isdoingb.Hekeptlookingather,wonderingwhetherhe_____hersomewhere.A.sawB.hasseenC.seesD.hadseenCD●如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时,请观察以下句子a.Theteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.b.Mr.Smithtoldusthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.●

在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中、也要注意从句谓语动词与从句谓语动词的时态一致性,关键要注意动作发生的先后关系,请观察以下句子a.Whowillbesentaboardhasnotbeendecided.b.Theearthoftodayisnotwhatitwasmillionsofyearsago.◆从句中的虚拟语气：在某些宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词需用虚拟语气。●表示“要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后接宾语从句,从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。这样的词有两个“命令”：ordercommand；四个“建议”：suggest/advise/propose/recommend；六个“要求”demand/request/require/insist/urge/desire,请观察以下句子a.Theguardatthegateinsistthateverybody(should)obeytherules.b.Hesuggestedwe(should)tryagain.c.Hedemandedthathe(should)besenttoworkthere.※温馨提示：动词suggest作“暗示、表明”,

insist作“坚持说”时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词要根据实际情况决定。请观察以下句子a.Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshewasveryangry.b.TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamel.●动词wish后面的宾语从句，谓语动词用过去式，表示与现在事实相反的一个愿望；用“had+done”，表示与过去事实相反的一种愿望或已经发生的一件遗憾事情；用would/might/could+动词原形“表示与将来事实相反或不可能实现的愿望。请观察以下句子a.IwishIrememberedheraddressnow.b.IwishIhadseenyouyesterday.c.Shewishesshewouldtryagain.※考题再现IwishI

youyesterday.AseenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretoseeC●主语从句中的虚拟语气※

在“Itis/was+形容词（或过去分词）+主语从句”句型中,从句的动词形式不论人称和数，都可用“should+动词原形”结构，should可省略。常见形容词有necessary,important,strange,naturalsuggested,ordered,required等，请观察以下句子a.Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.b.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.c.Itisorderedthatthemeeting(should)beheldatonce.d.Ithasbeenrequiredthatthesepeople(should)leavetheschool.●表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气※

在表示“意愿、要求、命令、建议”等词之后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”形式，should可省略。这类名词有：proposal,suggestion,order,advice,requirement等

,请观察以下句子a.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.b.Theprofessorgaveanorderthatthetestbefinishedbefore5:30.e.Hisproposalisthatthechildren(should)beprotectedrightaway.d.Thegovernmentreactedtovillagers’requirementthatmoretrees(should)beplantedonthemountaineveryyear.◆易混连接词辨析●

that与

what在名词性从句中，what和

that都可作引导词，其区别在于：what在从句要充当某个成分（主语、宾语或表语）因此,在任何情况下都不能省略，表示“什么；所…的事（物、话）”相当于thethingthat;而

that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，宾语从句中that可省略，请观察以下句子a.Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtoothersb.Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.c.Ithink(that)youwilllikethestamp.d.Myideais(that)weshouldgetmorecomradestodothework.e.WhatsurprisedusmostisthatherefusedthechancetogotoQingHuaUniversity.※真题再现a.______Wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan_______wehave.A.what;whatB.what;thatC.that;whatD.that;whatb._______madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90%ofthestudenthadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.what;becauseB.what;thatC.that;whatD.that;because

AB●Whether和if都可以引导名词性从句,表示“是否”,一般情况下,用whether不用if.※介词后的宾语从句用whether,不用if,请观察下面句子Everythingdependsonwhetherthesituationwillimprove.※在whetherornot结构中，不用if代替whether,请观察下面句子Idon’tknowwhetherornothe’llcome.※引导主语从句和表语从句用whether不用if,请观察以下句子a.Whetherwe’llgodependsontheweather.b.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.※

whether可用在不定式之前，if则不能,请观察下面句子Pleasetelluswhethertogoorstay.※真题再现a.____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweatherA.ifB.whetherC.thatD.whereb.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis________mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseas