2024高考英语新创新一轮复习Unit4Publictransport课下作业一-三含解析牛津译林版选修7

PAGEPAGE1选修7Unit4课下作业（一~三）课下作业（一）考点过关针对练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Aftertheterribleearthquake,thegovernmentconveyed(运输)peopletosaferplaces.2．Ithoughtitwouldbeeasy,butalotofproblemshavearisen(出现)．3．Onceyouhaveundertaken(承诺)it,youshoulddoit.4．DoyoumindifIpostpone(推迟)thatappointmentuntilnextweek?5．Thetruckwascarryingaload(大量)ofsand.6．Youcanenlarge(扩大)yourknowledgeandlearnsomeEnglishatthesametime.7．Theperformancerunstwohoursthirtyminutesincludinganinterval(间隔)．8．Wouldyoupleasemakemyreservation(预订)toChicagofortomorrow?9．WorldHealthDayiscelebratedeveryyearon7April,whichmarkstheanniversary(周年纪念日)ofWHO.10．Ifeltasiftherewasaweightonmychest,choking(使窒息)me.11．Adozenideaswereconsideredbeforethearchitect(建筑师)decidedonthedesignofthebuilding.12．Thescientistsarestillworkingoninventingmethodsofreachingouter(外部的)space.13．Hedividedthefieldintodifferentsections(部分),wheredifferentvegetablesweregrown.14．TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisthebestauthority(权威)onEnglishwords.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Unfortunately(unfortunate),duetounforeseencircumstances,thisyear'sshowhasbeencancelled.2．Cyclists(cycle)areadvisedtowearhelmetstoreducetheriskofheadinjury.3．Ijustwantyoutoanswerthequestioninaconcreteandbelievable(unbelievable)phrase.4．We'veseenanenormousgrowth(grow)inthenumberofbusinessesusingtheWeb.5．Amajorenquiry(enquire)isunderwayafterthedeathofaunionofficial.6．Heputthroughanimportantbusinessdealovertheweekend.7．Alargereception(receptionist)washeldinhonorofthebraveexplorers.8．Theresearchshowsthatcomputergamesmaycauseaggression(aggressive)．9．Ireservemyfavorablecommentsformyformermonitor.10．Theexperttalkedabouthowtomakeourstatisticalsystemlinkupwiththeinternationalstandards.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Owingtothebadweather,wedecidedtopostponeleave.leave→leaving2．IhavetaughtsomeforeignersMandarinfortwoyears,whichcanhelptotakealoadfromyourmind.from→off3．Themanagerundertooktoimprovingtheworkingarrangementsinsixmonths.improving→improve4．—It'sgettingdark.Imustbeoffnow.—OK,pleasetakecareandconveymybestwisheswithyourfamily.with→to5．Thesechangesarosedifferencesinclimateandnature.arose后加from6．Whynottowritetoher?Sheneedsyouradvice.去掉第一个to7．Onthechairssittingthreegraduates,whocamehereforthisjobinterview.sitting→sat8．Hisbreakingtherulesresultedfromhisbeingfined.from→inⅣ.完成句子1．Thecountry'spresentdifficultiesarise_from/out_oftheshortageofpetroleum.这个国家产前的逆境是由石油短缺造成的。2．Theyundertook_to_finish_the_taskbyMonday.他们答应在星期一之前完成任务。3．I'dliketomake_a_reservationoftheticketflyingtoLondonforJuly5.我想预订7月5日飞往伦敦的机票。4．Howlongwillittaketoload_the_coal_onto_the_truck?装一卡车煤须要多少时间？5．Ifindithardtoconvey_my_feelingsinwordsatthemoment.我发觉此刻难以用言语表达我的感情。6．It's_up_to_you_to_decidewhethertocarryoutthisplanornot.应当由你来确定是否实施这一安排。7．Myworkis_linked_with/topreviousresearch.我的工作和以前的探讨相联系。8．Why_don't_you_give_him_another_chance?Afterall,everybodymakesmistakes.为什么不再给他一次机会呢？终归，每个人都会犯错。课下作业（二）话题阅读培优练Ⅰ.依据提示填空Theamountoftimethatpeoplespendontravelis1.1hoursperpersonperdayinallsocieties.Theaverage❶distance(distant)traveledis7,400miles(12,000km)peryear.Intotal,theworldpopulationtravelsmorethan16.6trillionmiles(23trillionkm)peryear,53%ofwhichisbycar,26%bybus,9%byrail,9%by❷high­speed_transport(高速运输)suchasairplanes,and3%bybicycle,boatandothermeans.Itisestimated(估计)that,duetodevelopmentsinhigh­speedpublictransport,traveltimewilldroptoonly12minutesperpersonperdayby2050.Of❸the_global_traffic_volume(全球交通流量),35%willbebycar,20%bybus,41%byhigh­speedtransport,and4%byrail.Atpresent,❹traffic_congestion(交通拥堵)hasahugenegativeeconomicandenvironmental❺impact(影响)acrosstheworld.RoadcongestionintheUKcoststheUKeconomy￡15billionayear.ItcoststheUSD|S100billionayear.InSeattle,Washingtonforinstance,a❻driver(司机)spendsanaverage(平均)of59hourscaughtintrafficeachyear.InthegreaterSeattleareatherearemorecarsthanpeople;eachhouseholdmakesanaverageof10motorcartripsaday.AccordingtoSierraClub，“Americancarsandtrucks❼account_for(占……)20percentoftheworld'spetroleum❽consumption(consume)．”TheUShasthemost❾highways(highway),butEuropeanroadsarebusier.InEurope,carstravelmorethan600miles(1,000km)perroadperyear,comparedtoanaverageof500kmperroadintheUS.Theworld'sworsteq\o(○,\s\up1(10))traffic_jam(交通堵塞)usuallyoccursduringthesummerontheroadfromParistoToulouse,France.Ⅱ.片段选词填空popularity，benefit，monthly，service，available，makeareservation，payfor，carsharing，makeabigtripto，haveaccesstoCarsharingisanotherwaytodrivegreenthat'sgainingin❶popularity,_especiallyinurbanareas.Peoplewhomaynotdriveeverydaybutstillwantacartorunerrands(差事)ordriveonweekendsbenefitmostfrom❷car_sharing.Carsharingisusuallyrunbya❸servicelikeZipcar,thoughtherearenon­profitandinformalcarsharingservices.Memberspayamonthlyfeeand❹have_access_toanentirefleetofcarswhentheyneedone.Thecarsareparkedinfixedspotsaroundthecity,somembersonlyneedto❺make_a_reservation,_andthengotothepick­upspot.Carsharinghasmajorenvironmental❻benefitsbecauseitlessensthenumberofcarsontheroad.Membersdon'tdrivejustbecausetheyhaveacar.Theyplantrips,andiftheydon'tneedacar,theydon'tuseone.Still,acaris❼availabletothemiftheyneedto❽make_a_big_trip_tothegrocerystore,picksomeoneupattheairportoriftheywanttogotothebeachfortheday.Membersalsobenefitbyhavingaccesstoacarwithoutanyoftheheadachesofownership.Theyusuallydon'thaveto❾pay_forgas,insuranceormaintenance(保养)，andtheeq\o(○,\s\up1(10))monthlymembershipfeeislessthanatypicalcarpayment.Soifyoureallywanttogogreenbutaren'treadytototallygiveupacaryet,carsharingmaybethewaytogo.课下作业（三）高考语篇提能练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·湖北七市联考)Realliterarytravelersoftentraveltothebirthplaceorresidenceofawriter,ortothesettingofafamousscene.We'vepreparedasmalllistofliterarytraveldestinations.London,EnglandInLondon,literarylandmarksaresocommonthat“blueplaques”areoftenfoundonthehomesorschoolsoffamouswriters.Theyhavebeenintroducedtoshowwell­knownliterarysites.Onecanbefoundat221BBakerStreet—theapartmentoffamousfictionaldetectiveSherlockHolmes.Butwatchoutforfalseplaques,suchastheJacobVonHogflume's,wheretheinventoroftimetravelwouldlivein2189.Totrulyexperienceliteratureinperson,youcanalsovisitStratford­upon­Avon,thebirthplaceofWilliamShakespeare,andwatchnightlyperformancesofhisplays.Rome,Italy“GotoRome—atoncetheParadise，Thegrave,thecity,andthewilderness...”Thisisfromanelegy(挽歌)toJohnKeats,whotraveledtoRomeinthehopethattheairwouldcurehisillnessbutdiedwithinthreemonths.DespitethefactthatKeats'visitwasaquickone,Romehasareminderofit—theKeats­ShelleyHouse.JustacrossthestreetistheAnticoCaffèGreco,acafefrequentedbyfamousauthorslikeDickens,Byron,Shelley...,butyouprobablygettheideathatthisissomewhereanyliterarytravelerhastogo.语篇解读：本文是一篇旅游指南，向文学旅行者介绍了伦敦和罗马的几个文学旅行景点。1．Accordingtothepassage,trueliterarytravelersarelesslikelytovisit________.A．221BBakerStreetB．theJacobVonHogflume'sC．Stratford­upon­AvonD．theKeats­ShelleyHouse解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据London,England部分中的“Butwatchoutforfalseplaques,suchastheJacobVonHogflume's”中的关键词“watchoutfor”(留意)和“false”(假的)可知，B项正确。2．What'sthefunctionof“blueplaques”inLondon?A．Toconfuseliterarytravelers.B．TointroducefamousEnglishwriters.C．Toshownightlyperformances.D．Torepresentfamousliterarylandmarks.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据London,England部分中的“Theyhavebeenintroducedtoshowwell­knownliterarysites”可知，蓝牌代表闻名的文学地标，故D项正确。3．WhyistheAnticoCaffèGrecofavoredbyliterarytravelers?A．Itisfamousforofferingcoffeeofhighquality.B．Itwasregularlyvisitedbymanyfamouswriters.C．ItislocatedoppositetheKeats­ShelleyHouse.D．ItisregardedasareminderofRome.解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据Rome,Italy部分中的“acafefrequentedbyfamousauthors”可知B项正确。B(2024·沈阳模拟)SYDNEY—VisitorstoanAustraliantouristhotspothavebeenadvisedtouseumbrellastoprotectthemselvesagainstdingoattacks,accordingtoresearch.FraserIsland,offthecoastofQueensland,offersarareopportunitytoobservethenativewilddogs,butpeoplecanoccasionallymeetdingoesactinginathreateningoraggressivemannertowardthem,resultinginhumaninjuryand,inonetragiccase,death,accordingtoaresearchpaperpublishedonThursdayinthePacificConservationBiologyscientificjournal.Reviewingawiderangeofmeasurestohelpmanagewildanimals,theresearcherssaidmovestominimizeharmfromdingoeshaveincludedelectricfencingandwarningsigns.However,“strongumbrellas”and“mildchemicalirritant(刺激性的)sprays”couldalsoofferpersonalprotection.Australiandingoes,whichfeatureremarkablyinnativeculturebutarealsoviewedasathreattolivestockinsomeareas,arelistedasanendangeredspeciesbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Themedium­sizeddogshavebroadheads,pointedmuzzles,andredoryellowcoats,andarefoundacrossthecountryexceptTasmania,accordingtogovernmentagencyTourismAustralia.FraserIslandstretchesover123kilometresinlengthand22kilometresatitswidestpoint.Withanareaof184,000hectares,itisthelargestsandislandintheworld.Theislandpridesattractionssuchasitssuperbsceneryandhumpbackwhales,andisalsohometothemostpurestrainofdingoesremainingineasternAustralia.Bybringingupinstancesofhowanumbrella“rapidlyopenedinfrontofchargingbearswasenoughtocausethemtostopormoveback”，theresearcherssaid“anopen,strongumbrellamayalsoserveasusefulprotectionagainstadingomakingaverycloseapproach.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了澳洲野犬会对人类造成损害，建议来澳大利亚的游客用雨伞来爱护自己，不被澳洲野犬损害。4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutAustraliandingoes?A．Theyarefierceandbig.B．TheyarenativeandfamousinAustralia.C．TheycanbefoundineveryislandofAustralia.D．Theyoftencauseharmtohumansandlivestock.解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句中的“thenativewilddogs”和第四段第一句中的“whichfeatureremarkablyinnativeculture”可知，本题答案选B。5．TheyareallattractionsofFraserIslandEXCEPT________.A．bears B．dingoesC．scenery D．humpbackwhales解析：选A细微环节理解题。依据第五段最终一句可知，弗雷泽岛上的看点有美丽的景色、座头鲸和澳洲野犬，不包括熊，故选A项。6．Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．dingoesareasdangerousasbearsinAustraliaB．peoplealwaysuseumbrellastofrightenawaybearsC．ifumbrellasworkonbears,sodotheyondingoesD．theumbrellasarespeciallydesignedagainstbearsanddingoes解析：选C推理推断题。依据最终一段可推断，假如雨伞对熊起作用的话，那么对澳洲野犬也会起作用，故本题选C。C(2024·兰州诊断)Inthelastfewyears,youmayhavenoticedtheterm“microplastics”inthenews.Microplasticsaretinypiecesofplasticfromdiscarded(丢弃的)plasticbottles,bagsandcontainersthatendupinrivers,lakesandoceans.Becausetheyaresotinyandhardtosee,researcherssetsailtocollectwatersamplesandestimatetheamountofplasticintheocean.The5GyresInstitute,anorganizationaimedatreducingplasticpollutioninouroceans,estimatesthat296,000tonsofplasticisfloatingintheworld'soceans.But,ifyouthinkthatoceansaretheonlywaterbodieswithamicroplasticsproblem,thinkagain—theproblemisalsoreportedintheChesapeakeBay,inourownbackyard.Inapartnershipwiththe5GyresInstitute,TrashFreeMarylandtooktotheChesapeakeBayinNovembertostudythepresenceofmicroplasticsinthewater.SettingoutfromDeale,Maryland,theresearchteamcollectedsevensamplesbydraggingatrawl(拖网)foranhouratatime.Thetrawlwasfittedwithacone­shaped(锥形的)net,whoseholesmeasure330microns(微米)wide,aboutthewidthoftwotothreestrandsofhumanhair.Waterflowsthroughthemainopeningandthefinemesh(网眼)ofthenetensuresanythingsuspendedinthewateristrappedbehind.Insevensamples,thenetpickedupalgae(海藻),trash,foamandplastic.Accordingtothe5GyresInstituterepresentative,thefirstsamplecollectedcontainedalmost10timestheamountofplasticthanwouldbecollectedinatypicaloceansample.TheplasticfoundintheChesapeakeBaysamplesincludedbitsofbags,sheeting,fishinglinesandmicrobeads,whicharesmallplasticscrubbers(磨砂)foundinthefacewash,toothpasteandcleaningproducts.Microbeadsinparticularareamajorsourceofmicroplasticspollutionworldwide.Theyaresmallenoughtobypasswatertreatmentsystems'filters(过滤器)andendupinwaterways.Scientistswarnthatchemicalsandtoxins(毒素)absorbedbymicrobeadsandothermicroplasticscouldbepassedontoorganismswhomistakethemforfoodandeatthem,andcouldthenbepasseduphigherandhigheronthefoodchain,eventuallyreachinghumans.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。通过介绍塑料微粒，人们能更多地了解塑料带给环境的污染。7．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thedescriptionofthetrawl.B．Thebasicdataofthewatersamples.C．Theprocessofcollectingwatersamples.D．TheintroductionofTrashFreeMaryland.解析：选C段落大意题。依据其次段其次句中的“theresearchteamcollectedsevensamplesbydraggingatrawl(拖网)foranhouratatime”可知，其次段主要介绍收集水样的过程。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Bitsofbags. B．Chemicals.C．Microbeads. D．Microplastics.解析：选C代词指代题。依据画线词前一句的“Microbeadsinparticularareamajorsourceofmicroplasticspollutionworldwide”可知，They在此处指前文提到的Microbeads。9．Howdoestheauthorproveplasticpollutioncanbeharmfultopeople'shealth?A．Byanalyzingthedata.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bygivingsomeexamples.D．Byreferringtoscientists'views.解析：选D推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Scientistswarnthatchemicalsandtoxins(毒素)absorbedbymicrobeads...eventuallyreachinghumans”可知，通过参考科学家的观点作者证明白塑料污染对人体健康有害。10．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainsomenewscientifictermstopeople.B．Toletpeoplelearnmoreaboutplasticpollution.C．Tourgegovernmentstomakeenvironmentallaws.D．Totellpeoplesomenewfindingsinscientificresearch.解析：选B写作目的题。依据文章的描述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是让人们更多地了解塑料污染。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2024·广州综合测试)Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.__1__Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon'tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.__2__ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic(诊断的)tool.Ozcan'sinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,don'thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.__3__WithOzcan'smobilephoneapp,healt