全优课堂 英语 高考总复习 课件UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION

必修

第三册UNIT4

SPACEEXPLORATION(本栏目对应学生用书P120)目录1每日早晚必背2课前语基夯实3考点多维突破4能力优化集训5课时作业★每日早晚必背假定你是李华，最近你班举行了一次班会，其主题是“太空探索的意义”。请你用英语给校报写一篇短文，客观地介绍讨论的具体情况并表达自己的观点。内容包括：

1.赞同者：（1）获得新知识；（2）从太空获得新资源；（3）发现适合人类居住的新地方。

2.反对者：（1）耗资巨大；（2）宇航员的安全问题。

3.自己的观点注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【佳文背诵】DearEditor，

Wehad

a

discussionoverwhetherit’snecessarytocarry

outtheouterspaceexplorationataclassmeetingtheotherday.Someofusthinkitimportanttoexploretheouterspace.First，peoplecanget

a

better

understanding

oftheouterspacethroughexploration.Second，newresourcescanbefoundinspaceforhumanstouseanditwilldiscovernewlivingplacessuitableforhumantoliveon. However，othersdon’tbelieveso.Intheiropinion，notonlydoesthiskindofexplorationcosttoomuchmoneybutit’salsoverydangerousforastronautstodosuchwork.

Inmyopinion，suchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthwhile.Yours，LiHua【词汇积累】haveadiscussion讨论carryout开展getabetterunderstandingof更好地了解worthwhileadj.值得做的【句式仿写】1.他们想知道是否能提前完成这个项目。（whether引导的宾语从句）Theywantedtoknow

aheadoftime.

2.我们都认为有必要举行一个聚会来庆祝这个节日。（it作形式宾语）Weall

forustohaveapartytocelebratethefestival.

whethertheycouldcompletetheprojectthinkitnecessary▶高频重点词汇◎核心词汇

会运用1.

n.程序；步骤；手续

2.

adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的

3.

vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号

n.信号；标志4.

adv.否则；要不然

5.

prep.在更远处；超出

★课前语基夯实procedureintelligentsignalotherwisebeyond6.

n.资源；财力；物力

7.

vt.&n.发射；发起；上市

8.

vt.回收利用；再利用

9.

n.设施；设备

10.

n.模式；图案；模范

11.

n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围

vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行resourcelaunchrecyclefacility

patternorbit12.

n.监视器；监测仪

vt.监视；监测；监控13.

adj.肤浅的；浅的

monitorshallow【语境活用】根据汉语提示完成句子1.Ithaspassedthroughaninteresting

（步骤）ofevolution.

2.Astheyworriedaboutthesafetyoftheirhomes，morepeopleequippedtheirhomeswith

（监视器）.

3.Manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasily

（回收利用）butrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.

proceduremonitorsrecycled4.Thepolicehave

（发起）manycampaignstoreduceroadaccidentssincelastmonth.

5.He

（发信号）wildlyforhelp，butunluckily，nobodynoticed.

6.TheygottwofreeticketsforCanadaluckily，

（否则）they’dneverhaveaffordedtogo.

7.Ourprobeshave

（环绕……运行）theplanet，sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.

launchedsignalledotherwiseorbited◎拓展词汇

能提升1.

adj.精神的；思想的→

adv.精神上；智力上；心理上

2.

adj.有限的→

v.限制→

n.限制；限度；极限

3.

n.宇宙；天地万物→

adj.全世界的；普遍的→

adv.普遍地；全体地

4.

vt.查明；确定；决定→

adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→

n.坚定；决心

mentalmentallylimitedlimitlimitationuniverseuniversaluniversallydeterminedetermineddetermination5.

adj.足够的；充足的→

n.足够；充足

6.

n.地球；世界；地球仪→

adj.全球的；全面的；整体的

7.

adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→

adv.经常；定期地

8.

adj.失望的；沮丧的→

vt.使失望→

adj.令人失望的；令人沮丧的→

n.失望；沮丧

9.

n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→

adj.理想的；值得做的

sufficientsufficiencyglobeglobalregularregularlydisappointeddisappointdisappointingdisappointmentdesiredesirable10.______________vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论→______________n.争论；争吵；论点→____________adj.可辩论的；可论证的；无把握的；有疑问的11.

vt.系；绑；贴→

n.喜爱；爱慕；信仰；忠诚；附件；连接（物）→

adj.附加的；附属的；依恋的

12.

n.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏→

adj.不足的；缺少的；没有的；欠缺的

argueargumentarguableattachattachmentattachedlacklacking【语境活用】使用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Theracewasofgreatbenefittotheparticipants，physicallyand

（mental）.

2.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunning

（regular），butthentwothingshappened.

3.Sheisa

girl，soweknowthatonceshehas

todosomething，shewillachievehergoalwithgreat

.（determine）

mentallyregularlydetermineddetermineddetermination4.Tomyparents’

，my

mathgradegreatly

myparents，andtheir

lookurgedmetostudyharderthen.（disappoint）

5.Therewasaheated

aboutwhetherhewassuitablefortheposition，andmostofthepeople

forhim.（argue）

6.Beforesendingyouremail，don’tforgettocheckthatyour

isactually

totheemail.（attach）

determinationdisappointingdisappointeddisappointedargumentarguedattachmentattached▶高频短语串记※单元短语再现【语境活用】选用所给短语的适当形式填空1.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas，withalmost28，000people

，whichwasasplendidscene.

carryon；runout；resultin；soasto；provide…for；figureout；onboard；inthehopeofonboard2.Theyhavealsodevelopedanonlinetest

findingmoresufferers.

3.LikeZhang，theypresenttheirideas

gettinginvestmentandadvice，andtheyhavethesamepassionanddevotion.

4.Thecharityaimsto

assistance

peoplewhoarelivingapoorlifeinmountainousvillages.

5.WhenSaturdayfinallyarrived，Kevinstillhadn’t__________________

whathewasgoingtodo.

inthehopeofsoastoprovideforfiguredout6.Lookingback，itwasmychildhoodloveoffantasycartoonsthat

abroaderinterestinscience.

7.Ihavelearntthattheproblemofairpollutionisuniversalandthatwewerelikelyto

ofsomenaturalresources.

8.HerbraveryhasgivenRobertthewillto

withhislifeandhiswork.

resultedin

runoutcarryon▶重点句型仿写1.动词的-ed形式（短语）作定语/状语ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk，

followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.

此后，神舟六号和七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，紧接着月球探测车“玉兔”也被发射到月球去研究其表面。［仿写］Theprofessorcamein，closely_____________________________

（紧跟着一组学生）.

followedbyagroupofstudents2.倍数表达法OlympusMons，thelargestvolcanoonMars，isabouttwiceashighasMountQomolangma.

奥林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。［仿写］Generallyspeaking，theplaneflew_________________________

（和……的十倍一样高）thekite.

tentimesashighas3.动词的-ing形式（短语）作状语Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，

famouslysaying，

“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man，onegiantleapformankind.”

八年后的1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并有一句名言：“对于一个人来说，这只是一小步，但是对人类来说，这却是巨大的一步。”［仿写］

（听到这个好消息时），Maryandhersisterjumpedwithjoy.

Hearingthegoodnews▶词汇精磨1.desire

n.渴望；欲望

vt.渴望；期望【探究归纳】★考点多维突破【典例示范】Oursocialinstinctsincludetheintensedesiretobelong.我们的社会本能包括对归属的强烈渴望。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子（1）TheexampleofGalileotellsusthatgreatnesscomesfromalastingdesire

（explore）.

toexplore（2）Wedesirethatimmediatehelp

（give）tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.

（3）Weallsharedacommondesire

pleasure，connection，andsomethingthatwasgreaterthanus.

（4）听到这个消息时，我们非常兴奋，忍不住想参与其中。Onhearingthenews，wewereextremelyexcitedandcouldn’tresist

it.

（should）begivenforthedesiretotakepartin/beinvolvedin2.signal

n.信号；标志

v.发信号；标志着；

标明

【探究归纳】【典例示范】Assoonashesatdownatthetable，hesignalledtothewaitertobringthemenu.他一坐到桌边，就示意服务员拿菜单来。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子（1）Inonecase，amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby，

（signal）：

“Climbonme.”

signalling（2）Thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarning

（signal）thatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.

（3）Thepolice

（signal）tothedrivertostophiscarbyraisinghishand.

（4）正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth，

.（动词的-ing形式短语作状语）

signalssignalled

signallingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations3.lack

vt.没有；缺乏

n.缺乏；短缺【探究归纳】【典例示范】Althoughsheisrichinknowledge，sheis

lacking

inpracticalexperience.她虽然知识丰富，但缺乏实践经验。Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsanda

lack

ofexercise.健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译（1）Lack

talentandtimeisnoreasonfortakingnoaction.

（2）Though

（lack）money，hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.

（3）Later，heworkedinAfrica，wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindness

lackofpropertreatment.

oflackingfor（4）由于缺乏足够的训练，我们很难在即将到来的比赛中取胜。

enoughtraining，wewillhavegreattroubleinwinningthecomingmatch（clackn.）

→

，wewillhavegreattroubleinwinningthecomingmatch.（动词的-ing形式短语作状语）

ForlackofLackingenoughtraining4.otherwise

adv.否则；要不然【探究归纳】【典例示范】Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber；

otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就给他打电话了。【即学即练】猜测黑体词语的含义（1）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganised.Otherwisetheywouldhaveaccomplishedthetaskinhalfthetime.

否则（2）Myparentslentmealotofmoney.Otherwise，Icouldn’thaveaffordedthetrip.

（3）Therewassomemusicplayingupstairs.Otherwisethehousewassilent.

（4）Itisnotpermittedtosellorotherwisedistributecopiesofpastexaminationpapers.

否则；不然除此以外其他方面5.argue

vt.&

vi.论证；争辩；争论【探究归纳】【典例示范】Becausearguingangrilyleadstochaos，itwasstronglydiscouraged.因为愤怒的争吵会导致混乱，所以被强烈反对。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子（1）Whenthishappens，theimportantthingistotrynottoletacalmdiscussionturnintoaheated

（argue）.

argument（2）Thecrowdcontinuedtoargueheatedly

thebestwaytotackletheproblem.

（3）Theyarguehim

takingexerciseonaregularbasis.

（4）我们想方设法地劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。Wetriedmanyways

，butinvain.（argue）

about/overintotoarguehimintofollowingouradvice6.attach

vt.系；贴；绑【探究归纳】【典例示范】Weshouldattach

importance

tochildren’smentalhealth.我们应该重视儿童的心理健康。Forfurtherinformation，pleasecontactusontheattachedform.如需要更多信息，请凭附表联系我们。【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子（1）Thishospital

（attach）tothemedicalcollegenearbywasdestroyedintheflood.

attached（2）WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattach

them.

（3）Whydidyouattach

（you）toonlyoneclubwhenyouwanttolearnmoreskills？

（4）这家医院隶属于一所大学。政府对此非常重视。Thishospital

auniversityandthegovernment

it.

toyourselfisattachedtoattachesimportanceto7.result

in导致；造成【探究归纳】【典例示范】Thedelayintheprojectresult

fromthelackoffunding.项目的延迟是由于缺乏资金引起的。As

a

result

ofthewar，morepeopleweretravellingandmovingperhapsthaneverbeforeinhistory.战争的结果是，比历史上任何时候都要多的人在行进、迁徙。【即学即练】单句语法填空（1）Asisknowntous，positivethinkingandactionresult____________

success.

（2）AsfarasI’mconcerned，hisfailureinthecompetitionresulted

hiscasualattitude.

（3）Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetingasaresult

theheavyrain.

infromof8.run

out

用完；耗尽【探究归纳】【典例示范】Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrun

out.这些新能源成本非常低，而且永远用不尽。【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译（1）Itwasalittleblackdoganditdidn’trun

me.

after（2）Lostinthought，healmostran

thecarinfrontofhim.

（3）Iran

oneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday.

（4）他的食物很快就吃完了。→He

hisfoodsoon.

→Hisfood

soon.

intoacrossranoutofranout▶句型透视1.（教材P40）Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，

famously

saying，

“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man，onegiantleapformankind.”

八年后的1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并有一句名言：“对于一个人来说，这只是一小步；但是对人类来说，这却是巨大的一步。”【句式提炼】本句中的“famouslysaying…”为动词的-ing形式（短语）作状语。【归纳拓展】语法现象动词的-ing形式（短语）作伴随状语结构特点动词的-ing形式（短语）与逻辑主语即句子的主语之间构成主动关系用法（1）动词的-ing形式（短语）作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式、伴随等，其逻辑主语要和句子主语保持一致，且动词的-ing形式（短语）与句中的主语为逻辑上的主谓关系。（2）当动词的-ing形式（短语）的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前时，要用动词的-ing形式（短语）的完成时havingdone。（3）作状语的动词的-ing形式（短语）相当于一个状语从句。【典例示范】AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund，theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5，500，

givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.根据世界野生动物基金会的数据，全球黑犀牛的数量已降至5500头，这使黑犀牛处于“极度濒危”状态。【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换（1）

（see）thosepictures，sherememberedherchildhood.

（2）

（finish）herhomework，thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.

（3）Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory，__________

（result）inanincreaseinproduction.

SeeingHavingfinishedresulting

（4）Helayonthegrass，andstaredattheskyforalongtime.→Helayonthegrass，

foralongtime.staringatthesky2.（教材P48）OlympusMons，thelargestvolcanoonMars，isabouttwice

as

high

asMountQomolangma.

奥林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。【句式提炼】本句中的“twiceashighas”为倍数表达法。as…as意为“和……一样”。【归纳拓展】语法现象倍数表达法结构特点（1）A+be+倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+B（2）A+be+倍数+形容词比较级/副词比较级+than+B（3）A+be+倍数+thesize/length/height/depth/width…+of+B注意内容表示“两倍”时要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”。有时，我们也用分数、百分数或half等代替倍数。【典例示范】It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwice

as

large

aswhatitwas.据说，该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。Intermsofgeography，thenewmega-citywillberoughlytwice

as

big

asnewJersey.从地理上来看，这座超级都市有两个新泽西大。【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换（1）Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes

（fast）thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

（2）ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthecomingAsianGameswillbethreetimesthe

（high）ofthepresentone.

fasterheight（3）Asisknowntous，theearthisforty-ninetimesasbigasthemoon.→Itisknowntousthattheearthis_________________________________

themoon.

→Whatisknowntousisthattheearthis

themoon.

forty-ninetimesbiggerthanforty-ninetimesthesizeofⅠ.语境辨义根据语境写出黑体词的词性及含义1.Undernormalconditions，theoceancurrentsofthetropicalPacifictravelfromeasttowest.

2.Allthecellsandtissuesinthebodybenefitfromtheincreasedintakeofoxygen.

3.Oneday，Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording，arecordingoflossandlove，ofthefight.

★能力优化集训n.水流n.组织adj.附上的4.Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly，ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.

5.Ifyousignaltosomeone，youmakeagestureorsoundinordertosendthemaparticularmessage.

6.Butnow，homesicknessisashallowstrait.Iamonthisside.Andthemainlandisontheotherside.

v.监控v.示意；发信号adj.浅的Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.MrSmithisdetermined

（seek）hisfortuneinthedowntownarea.

2.Theyoungmanhadastrongdesire

（earn）alivingbyhimselfsoonafterhegraduated.

3.Theprincehadhisservantattachajadeaccessory

hisrobe（礼袍）carefully.

4.Itwaswiseofhimtoadmitwhathehaddoneotherwisehe_____________

（get）intoseriesoftrouble.toseek

toearntowouldhavegot5.Artificial

hasbeenusedinphones，whichmakesthemseemtobemore

.（intelligent）

6.Sincethecountrybecame

in1842，ithasplayedanimportantrole

.Gonearethedayswhenit

onothersforeverything.（depend）

7.Aperson’slifeis

butknowledgeis

.（limit）

8.Unsatisfiedwiththeresultsofthe

，theresearchers

thedataagain.（analyse）

Intelligenceintelligentindependentindependentlydependedlimitedlimitlessanalysisanalysed9.A

illnessconfinedhimtobedforoveramonthanddoctorscouldn’tsolvethe

oftheillness.（mystery）

10.Heishealthy

andphysically.Thatistosay，hehas

andphysicalhealth.（mental）

mysteriousmysterymentallymentalⅢ.选词填空用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，并背诵该短文。（黑体词汇为本单元词汇）soasto；figureout；asaresult；inclosing；carryon；forlackof；floataround；bedeterminedto；onboard；providefor Mankindhasmanagedtocreatefacilitiesandvehiclestocarryastronautsintotheuniverse.Theylaunch

rocketscarryingsatellites.Manyintelligentpeoplearoundtheglobe

1.

devotethemselvestospaceexploration，eventhoughsomefatalspacedisasterswhichkilledastronauts2.

makethemdisappointed.Besides，whenlivinginspace，theastronautshavetorecycledirtywater3.

useitlater.4.

gravity，theirmusclesbecomeweak.Theyhavetotapeeverythingup，otherwisetheywould5.

.Theyalsoneedto6.

awaytostoresufficientfoodandoxygen，butpeople’saredeterminedtoonboardsoastoForlackoffloataroundfigureoutdesiretoexplorespaceneverdies.Chinaisthethirdcountrytosendhumansintospaceindependently.Thissignalsagiant

leapforwardforChina.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonspaceexploration，whichisashallowview.Ourplanet’sresourcesarelimited，and7.

，weshouldfindanewhometo8.

theeverincreasingpopulation.9.

，weattachgreatimportancetosolvingthemysteryaboutspaceandwill10.

withspaceexplorationregularly.

asaresultprovideforInclosingcarryonⅣ.微写作根据汉语提示并运用本单元的词汇和语法写一段话虽然我们对火星有一些了解，但仍然缺乏足够的知识。地球是火星的六倍大。火星上几乎没有氧气，这可能导致那里不可能存在生命。更重要的是，它可能中午50度左右，但晚上下降到零下100度，这阻止了我们居住在那里。既然火星与地球有很大的不同，如果我们计划有一天去火星，我们应该为自己提供充足的氧气、食物、衣服和住所。【答案】Onepossibleversion：HavingknownalittleaboutMars，westilllackenoughknowledgeaboutit.EarthissixtimesthesizeofMars.ThereisalmostnooxygenonMars，whichcanresultinthefactthatnolifecanexistthere.What’smore，itmightbeabout50degreesabovezeroatnoonbut100degreesbelowzeroatnight，

whichpreventsusfromlivingthere.NowthatMarsisquitedifferentfromEarth，ifweplantogotoMarsoneday，weshouldprovideourselveswithenoughoxygen，food，clothingandshelter.（本栏目对应课时作业P484）Ⅰ.阅读理解AWang

Zhenyi（1768-1797）

Bornatatimewhengirlswerepreventedfromgettingaformaleducation，WangZhenyigotencouragedfromherfathertoreadbooksincludingworksonastronomy，mathematics，geography，medicine，aswellaspoetry.Sheconductedexperimentsathome，inoneofwhichsheusedaroundtableastheEarth，alampastheSun，andamirrorastheMoontounderstandtheirmotionsandfinallyrevealedthemysteryoflunareclipse（月食）.Wangoftenexpressedinherpoetryinequalitiesinsocietyandfoughtfortherightsofwomen.Jocelyn

Burnell（1943-）

JocelynBurnellwasborninNorthenIreland，whosefatherPhilipwasanarchitect.In1965，BurnellbeganhergraduatestudiesinphysicsatCambridgeUniversity，buildingatelescopetolookforradiosignalsfromspace.Later，shefoundsignalsfromspaceandwasthefirsttoconfirmtheexistenceofneutronstars（中子星）.In1974，shemissedoutonthewinningofaNobelPrizeforthisdiscovery.Butin2018，shewonaBreakthroughPrizeforit.Mercedes

Richards（1955-2016）

MercedesRichardsgrewupinthecapitalofJamaica.At11，sheknewshewantedtobeanastronomer.Herfather，whowasapolicedetective，taughthertheskillsofobservationandinference，whilehermother，anaccountant，taughthertheimportanceofprecision.RichardsstudiedastronomyatYorkUniversityandtheUniversityofToronto，andinvestigatedbinarystar（双星）systemstodeterminehowgasflowsbetweenthepairedstarstocreateenormousexplosionofenergycallednovae（新星）.1.Whofirstdiscoveredtheexistenceofneutronstars？A.WangZhenyi.B.JocelynBurnell.C.PhilipBurnell.D.MercedesRichards.√1.细节理解题。根据JocelynBurnell（1943-）部分中的“…wasthefirsttoconfirmtheexistenceofneutronstars（中子星）.”可知，JocelynBurnell是第一个发现了中子星的存在的。故选B项。2.WhatisspecialaboutWangZhenyi？A.Shewaswell-educatedbyherfamily.B.Shemadethefirstdiscoveryofanewstar.C.Shewasfacedwithgenderdiscrimination.D.Shewasafemalepioneerinthefieldofastronomy.√2.推理判断题。根据WangZhenyi（1768-1797）部分中的“Bornatatimewhengirlswerepreventedfromgettingaformaleducation，WangZhenyi…”可知，在王贞仪成长的时代，社会普遍认为女孩不该受教育。由此推知，王贞仪面临着性别歧视。故选C项。3.Whichcolumnisthepassageprobablyfrom？A.ScienceNews.B.HerStoryFiles.C.TourofWorld.D.LiteratureAppreciation.√3.文章来源题。根据第一段中的“Bornatatime…WangZhenyi…”、第二段中的“In1965，BurnellbeganhergraduatestudiesinphysicsatCambridgeUniversity”以及第三段中的“MercedesRichardsgrewup…”可知，本文主要介绍了三位杰出的女天文学家从小接受教育，学习天文知识并最终对天文学研究做出了突出贡献的励志故事，凸显了女性力量，所以本文应出自女性故事专栏（HerStoryFiles）。故选B项。【答案】

【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三位杰出的女天文学家：中国的王贞仪、北爱尔兰的Jocelyn

Burnell以及牙买加的Mercedes

Richards的成长经历、教育背景和杰出贡献。B

（2024—2025学年江苏省南通市高三上学期期中考）Earthisabouttogainanew“mini-moon”，butitwon’tstayaroundforlong.Thenewlydiscoveredasteroid（行星）named2024PT5，willtemporarilybecapturedbyEarth’sgravityandorbitourworldfromSeptember29toNovember25，accordingtoastronomers.Then，thespacerockwillreturntoaheliocentricorbit，whichisanorbitaroundthesun.“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet（11meters）indiameter（直径），butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize，”saidleadstudyauthorCarlos. Thespacerockcouldbeanywherebetween16and138feetindiameter，potentiallylargerthantheasteroidthatenteredEarth’satmosphereoverChelyabinsk，Russia，in2013.About55to65feetinsize，theChelyabinskasteroidexplodedintheair，releasing20to30timesmoreenergythanthatoftheatomicbombdroppedonHiroshima，Japan，andgeneratingbrightnessgreaterthanthesun. Butasamini-moon，Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarthnoworoverthenextfewdecades.Thespacerockwillorbitabout2.6millionmilesaway，orabout10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon. “WhetheranasteroidgetscapturedbyEarthisindependentofitssizeormass，itonlydependsonitsspeedandtrajectory（轨迹）asitapproachestheEarth-Moonsystem，”saidRobert，aspecialistonsolarsystembodies.“Atanygiventime，thereisapproximatelyonemini-moonintheEarth-Moonsystem，roughlythesizeofadishwasher，buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.” Mini-moonscanalsobeasteroidsthatcomefromthemainasteroidbelt，locatedbetweenMarsandJupiter，ortheymaybepiecesofthelunarsurfacelaunchedbyasteroidimpactsmillionsofyearsago.Carlosandhiscolleaguesplantoobserve2024PT5tocollectmoredataanddetails.“Determiningwheretheycomefromcouldhelpusunderstandtheprocessofcrater（坑）formationandhowmaterialisforcedoutfromtheMoon’ssurface，”hesaid.4.Whatcanwelearnfrom2024PT5？A.Theasteroidwillbecapturedbygravityforlong.B.Theasteroid’saccuratesizehasyettobeconfirmed.C.2024PT5hasenteredEarth’satmosphereoverRussia.D.2024PT5willstayaroundtheearthforabout3months.√4.细节理解题。根据第一段中Carlos所说的“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet（11metres）indiameter（直径），butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize…”可知，小行星2024PT5的确切大小还有待确认。故选B项。5.Whydoes2024PT5causenoharmtotheearth？A.Itlackstheenergytodestroytheearth.B.Itisactivelymonitoredbythespecialists.C.ItissmallerthantheChelyabinskasteroid.D.Itstrajectoryavoidscollidingwiththeearth.√5.细节理解题。根据第三段“Butasamini-moon，Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarth…about10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon.”可知，小行星2024PT5之所以不会对地球造成伤害，是因为它的轨道避免了与地球相撞。故选D项。6.WhichofthefollowingdoesRobertagreewith？A.Manymini-moonsalwaysexistintheEarth-Moonsystem.B.Mini-moonsaredetectableduetotheirdishwashersize.C.Detectionofmini-moonsboundtotheearthischallenging.D.Captureofanasteroidenjoysindependenceofspeed.√6.推理判断题。根据第四段中Robert所说的“…buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.”可知，Robert指出地月系统中的小行星体积小，很难被探测到，大多数都没有被发现。由此推知，Robert认为探测与地球绑定的小行星的工作是具有挑战性的。故选C项。7.WhydoesCarlosplantoobserve2024PT5？A.Tocollectpiecesofthelunarsurface.B.Toobservemini-moonsintheasteroidbelt.C.Toperceivetheprocessofcraterformation.D.TounderstandasteroidimpactsonMoon’ssurface.√7.细节理解题。根据最后一段中Carlos所说的“Determiningwheret