山西省太原市2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省太原市2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestScienceFictionWritingContestsin2025Ifyoulovewritingsciencefictionandfantasy,submittingyourworktoacontestcanbeafantasticwaytoprogressonyourwritingjourney.NewEnglandScienceFictionAssociation(NESFA)ScienceFictionContestTheNESFAcontestaimstorecognizequalitystorytellingandlooksforfictionswithengagingopenings,goodcharacterdevelopment,well-structuredplot,wittyorhumorouslanguage,andconvincingendings.·Prize:Winnerswillgettheirworkspublished,alongwithacertificateofachievementandthreeNESFApressbooks.·Entryfee:Free·Guidelines:Aqualifyingstorymusthavestrongsciencefictionorfantasyelements.·Deadline:September30,2025WritetheWorld(WTW)YoungWritersContestIfyou’reayoungwriteraged13to18,theWTWcontestisagreatchoiceforyou.Itisnotjustacontest,butalsoservesasaminiworkshop,becauseeverystoryyousubmitwillreceivekindandgenuinecommentsfrompeers,whichwillguideyoutobecomeabetterwriter.·Prize:$100forthewinner,$50fortherunner-up,$50forthebestpeer-reviewer·EntryFee:Free·Guidelines:Themesofthesciencefictionvaryeachmonth.·Deadline:QuarterlyonMarch31,andJune30,September30,December31BritishFantasySociety(BFS)ShortStoryCompetitionTheBFSholdsanannualcontestforfantasticalshortstories.Eachyear,adifferentgroupofprofessionalwritersarechosentojudgethesubmittedstories.·Prize:£100forthefirstplace,£50forthesecondplace,and£20forthethirdplace·EntryFee:FreeforBFSmembers,£5fornon-members·Guidelines:Anykindoffantasticalstoryiswelcome,includingfantasy,sciencefiction,horror,supernaturalandmagicalrealism.Storiesshouldbenomorethan5,000words.·Deadline:June30,20251.WhatprizecanacompetitorwinintheNESFAcontest?A.Acashprize. B.Afreemembership.C.Asignedbook. D.Apublicationopportunity.2.WhatmakestheWTWcontestagoodoptionforyoungwriters?A.Lowentryfees. B.Easywritingtasks.C.Helpfulpeerreviews. D.Regularauthorinterviews.3.HowistheBFScompetitiondifferentfromothercontests?A.Itsetsadistinctwordlimit.B.Itoffersaflexibledeadline.C.Itstressesqualitystorytelling.D.Itfeaturesvaryingmonthlythemes.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是应用文。主要介绍了2025年几个最佳的科幻写作比赛，包括比赛的目的、奖品、参赛费用、参赛指南以及截止日期等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据NewEnglandScienceFictionAssociation(NESFA)ScienceFictionContest下的“·Prize:Winnerswillgettheirworkspublished,alongwithacertificateofachievementandthreeNESFApressbooks.(·奖品：获奖者的作品将被出版，同时获得成就证书和三本NESFA出版社书籍)”可知，参赛者可以在NESFA比赛中赢得出版机会。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据WritetheWorld(WTW)YoungWritersContest下的“Ifyou’reayoungwriteraged13to18,theWTWcontestisagreatchoiceforyou.Itisnotjustacontest,butalsoservesasaminiworkshop,becauseeverystoryyousubmitwillreceivekindandgenuinecommentsfrompeers,whichwillguideyoutobecomeabetterwriter.(如果你是一个13到18岁的年轻作家，WTW比赛对你来说是一个很好的选择。这不仅仅是一场比赛，也是一个小型的研讨会，因为你提交的每一个故事都会得到同行的善意和真诚的评论，这些评论会指导你成为一个更好的作家)”可知，有益的同行评议让WTW比赛成为年轻作家的好选择。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据BritishFantasySociety(BFS)ShortStoryCompetition下的“·Guidelines:Anykindoffantasticalstoryiswelcome,includingfantasy,sciencefiction,horror,supernaturalandmagicalrealism.Storiesshouldbenomorethan5,000words.(·指南：欢迎任何类型的奇幻故事，包括奇幻、科幻、恐怖、超自然和魔幻现实主义。故事不应超过5000字)”可知，BFS比赛与其他比赛的不同之处是，BFS比赛设置了一个明显的字数限制。故选A项。BKimberlyCamp’slivelygalleryinNewJerseyisatreasurehouseofcreativity,filledwitharichcollectionofartworksfromaroundtheworld.Amongtheeye-catchingdisplaysareCamp’sownhandmadedollswhichbringeverycornerofthegallerytolifewithstorieswaitingtobediscovered.Camp’sartisticjourneykickedoffwhenhermotheronceallowedhertopickoutwhatevercraftsshewantedtotryintheartstoreZabar.ShelaterpursuedherpassionbystudyingStudioArtsandArtHistoryattheUniversityofPittsburgh,followedbyaMaster’sdegreeinArtsAdministration.Thoughherlaterpathwasn’talwayssmooth,Camp’spassionforartneverfaded.Herdeterminationandtalentpavedthewayforherremarkablecareer.Asadollmaker,KimberlyCampnotonlyusesadiverserangeofmaterialscollectedfromacrosstheglobetoaddthedolls’uniquecharmbutestablishesastrongconnectiontoAfricanculturalheritageinherdolls.Herfirstdolls“BrownBabies”featured32traditionalAfricandressdesigns,capturingpeople’sheartswiththeirculturalrichness.Herbreakthroughmomentcamein1982whenher55Kwanzaa(宽扎节)dollsweresoldoutinjustafewhours,pushingherintothespotlight.Soonafter,sheintroduced“Kimkins”,alineofdollsdressedintraditionalAfricanfabrics,withdistinctivehand-paintedfaces.Attheirpinnaclein1985~1986,Campproduced2,000“Kimkins”annually.Infact,Camp’sdollsaremorethantoysbutrecognizedas“softsculptures”mirroringherpersonalityandhumor.Overyears,herworkshavebeenshowninover100exhibitionsacrosstheU.S.andaroundtheworld.In2020,CampreceivedtheAwardofExcellence:CraftMakesUsHumanforherdolls.Today,Camp’shandsareneverstill.Shecontinuestoexplorenewartisticfields,fullyabsorbedineverymomentofherart-filledlife.4.WhatinspiredKimberlyCamp’searlyinterestinart?A.Herworkinagallery.B.Hervisittoanartstore.C.Herfamilybackground.D.Heruniversityeducation.5.WhatdoweknowaboutKimberlyCamp’sdolls?A.Theyreflectanewartform.B.TheyinspiremoreAmericanartists.C.TheyarespeciallysoldduringKwanzaa.D.TheyshowcasetraditionalAfricanelements.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinnacle”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Crisis. B.Exploration. C.Summit. D.Adventure.7.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.TellingtheHistoryofAfricaThroughDollsB.WeavingAfricanHeritageintoSoftSculpturesC.KimberlyCamp:MasterofArtsAdministrationD.KwanzaaDolls:BridgingGenerationswithTradition【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了KimberlyCamp的艺术生涯和成就。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Camp’sartisticjourneykickedoffwhenhermotheronceallowedhertopickoutwhatevercraftsshewantedtotryintheartstoreZabar.(Camp的艺术之旅始于她的母亲曾经允许她在Zabar艺术商店挑选任何她想尝试的工艺品)”可知，参观了一家艺术品商店激发了KimberlyCamp早期对艺术的兴趣。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Asadollmaker,KimberlyCampnotonlyusesadiverserangeofmaterialscollectedfromacrosstheglobetoaddthedolls’uniquecharmbutestablishesastrongconnectiontoAfricanculturalheritageinherdolls.Herfirstdolls“BrownBabies”featured32traditionalAfricandressdesigns,capturingpeople’sheartswiththeirculturalrichness.(作为一名娃娃制造商，金伯利·坎普不仅使用从世界各地收集的各种材料来增加娃娃的独特魅力，而且在她的娃娃中建立了与非洲文化遗产的强烈联系。她的第一个娃娃“棕色婴儿”采用了32种传统的非洲服装设计，以其丰富的文化俘获了人们的心)”可知，Camp的娃娃展示了传统的非洲元素。故选D项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据后文“Campproduced2,000“Kimkins”annually.(坎普每年生产2000个“Kimkins”)”可推知，每年生产2000个“Kimkins”，结合后面的年份，应是Camp的巅峰时期，所以pinnacle应是“鼎盛时期”之意，和C项意思相近。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第三段“Asadollmaker,KimberlyCampnotonlyusesadiverserangeofmaterialscollectedfromacrosstheglobetoaddthedolls’uniquecharmbutestablishesastrongconnectiontoAfricanculturalheritageinherdolls....Infact,Camp’sdollsaremorethantoysbutrecognizedas“softsculptures”mirroringherpersonalityandhumor.Overyears,herworkshavebeenshowninover100exhibitionsacrosstheU.S.andaroundtheworld.In2020,CampreceivedtheAwardofExcellence:CraftMakesUsHumanforherdolls.(作为一名娃娃制造商，金伯利·坎普不仅使用从世界各地收集的各种材料来增加娃娃的独特魅力，而且在她的娃娃中建立了与非洲文化遗产的强烈联系。……事实上，坎普的娃娃不仅仅是玩具，而是被认为是反映她个性和幽默的“软雕塑”。多年来，她的作品在美国和世界各地的100多个展览中展出。2020年，坎普因她的娃娃获得了优秀奖：工艺使我们成为人类)”可知，本文主要讲述了KimberlyCamp将非洲文化遗产融入玩偶创作，其作品被称作“软雕塑”，所以B项“将非洲遗产编织成柔软的雕塑”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。CNature,withitsbeautyandsimplicity,alwaysofferspowerfulandclearlifelessonswhenweleastexpectthem.Fromtheperseveranceofatreetothepersistenceofariver,there’ssomuchwecanlearn.Natureremindsusthatwemustbeflexibleandembracechange.Whenastormhowlsthroughthetown,uprootsthetreesanddestroysthehouses,wehavenochoicebuttodryourtears,adapttothesuddenchange,andrebuildwhathasbeenlostduringthestorm.Experienceslikethisoftenthrowchallengestous.Ifwedon’tlearnhowtodealwiththeseunexpectedoccurrences,wemightfindourselvesstrugglingthroughthemwithoutanyideawhereourlivesareheadednext!Flowerswaitfortherightconditionstoamazetheworldatthemostbeautifulmomentandseedsendurealongjourneytobecomeplantsortrees,despitemanynotmakingit.Butifyoulookcloseattheselittleguys,you’llseethatthey’reactuallyprettycool.Beesbusilycollectingnectar(花蜜)amongflowersandmigrantbirdswingingtheirwaysintheskyseemtobeordinary.However,behindtheseliesthegreatcollaborationrelatedtosurvival.Isn’thumansocietythesame?Infact,weneeditmorethanever!Whenwalkingamongthemountains,rivers,lakes,andseas,don’tforgettostopyourquickfootsteps,lookupattheleisurelywhiteclouds,benddowntosmellthefragranceoftheflowers,andletthegoldensunlightshineonyourface.Immerseyourselfintheembraceofnature,appreciatingitsheavenlybeauty.Inthisway,gratitudewillquietlytakerootinyourheart.Thelessonsofnaturearelikecountlessstars,illuminatingyourwayforward.Withitswisdom,youwillsurelywriteawonderfulchapterofyourlife.8.Howdoestheauthoremphasizetheflexibilityinparagraph2?A.Byquotingexperts. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Byaskingquestions. D.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.9.Whatcanbelearnedfromthejourneyofflowersandseeds?A.Patiencemattersingrowth. B.Naturefavorsthestrongest.C.Cooperationensuressurvival. D.Beautyrequiresperfectenvironment.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsnature?A.Tolerant. B.Caring. C.Hopeful. D.Grateful.11.Whichsayingmaybestdescribethemainideaofthetext?A.Natureoffersnoease,butchallenges.B.Naturehasnocalendar,butseasonschange.C.Natureappearssimple,butunfoldsprofoundtruths.D.Naturewhispersingrowth,butthundersindestruction.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。通过描绘自然界的景象和生物的行为传达了关于生活、适应变化、坚持与努力、合作与生存以及感恩与欣赏自然之美的深刻哲理。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Natureremindsusthatwemustbeflexibleandembracechange.Whenastormhowlsthroughthetown,uprootsthetreesanddestroysthehouses,wehavenochoicebuttodryourtears,adapttothesuddenchange,andrebuildwhathasbeenlostduringthestorm.Experienceslikethisoftenthrowchallengestous.Ifwedon’tlearnhowtodealwiththeseunexpectedoccurrences,wemightfindourselvesstrugglingthroughthemwithoutanyideawhereourlivesareheadednext!(大自然提醒我们，我们必须灵活应变，拥抱变化。当一场风暴呼啸着穿过小镇，连根拔起树木，摧毁房屋，我们别无选择，只能擦干眼泪，适应突如其来的变化，重建在风暴中失去的东西。这样的经历经常给我们带来挑战。如果我们不学会如何处理这些意想不到的事情，我们可能会发现自己在挣扎中不知道下一步的生活将走向何方！)”可知，本段作者通过举例子来强调灵活应变。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Flowerswaitfortherightconditionstoamazetheworldatthemostbeautifulmomentandseedsendurealongjourneytobecomeplantsortrees,despitemanynotmakingit.(花朵等待合适的条件，在最美丽的时刻让世界惊叹，种子经历漫长的旅程，成为植物或树木，尽管许多人没有成功)”可知，花和种子都经历漫长的旅程，才成功，所以我们能从花和种子的旅程中学到耐心对成长很重要。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whenwalkingamongthemountains,rivers,lakes,andseas,don’tforgettostopyourquickfootsteps,lookupattheleisurelywhiteclouds,benddowntosmellthefragranceoftheflowers,andletthegoldensunlightshineonyourface.Immerseyourselfintheembraceofnature,appreciatingitsheavenlybeauty.Inthisway,gratitudewillquietlytakerootinyourheart.(漫步在山川湖海之间，别忘了停下你快速的脚步，抬头看看悠然的白云，弯腰闻闻花香，让金色的阳光照在脸上。让自己沉浸在大自然的怀抱中，欣赏它的天堂之美。这样，感恩之心就会在你心中悄然扎根)”可知，作者对自然是感激的。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nature,withitsbeautyandsimplicity,alwaysofferspowerfulandclearlifelessonswhenweleastexpectthem.Fromtheperseveranceofatreetothepersistenceofariver,there’ssomuchwecanlearn.(大自然，以其美丽和简单，总是在我们最意想不到的时候提供强大而清晰的人生课程。从树的坚持到河的坚持，我们可以学到很多东西)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了自然界的景象和生物的行为传达了深刻哲理，所以C项“自然看似简单，却展现了深刻的真理。”最能描述文章的主旨。故选C项。DRecently,usingAIasaudiobooknarratorsinsteadofhumanshassparkedadebateintheaudiobookindustry.InOctober,columnistThadMellroy’sarticleexaminedthisissue,drawingreactionsfromprofessionalnarratorsandpublishers.Inthatpiece,Mellroyprofiledseveralplayersinthisareaofthestill-developingdigitalaudiobook.Astheaudiobookindustryweighstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcutting-edgetechnologies,agrowingnumberofpeoplearejoiningintheconversation.Mellroy’sarticlecreatedastir(轰动)insomenarratorcircles.HillaryHuber,amemberofthenewlyformedProfessionalAudiobookNarratorsAssociation(PANA),said,“It’spracticallyallwetalkabout.Wearegatheringallprofessionalstoprotectourrights.”Theassociationhasseenasignificantgrowth,withitsmembershiprisingto400.EmilyLawrence,co-founderandpresidentofPANA,emphasizedthecomplexityofthematter.“It’sveryeasytoreducethisissuetodollarsandcents,butit’sverycomplicated.”Sheshared“IfAInarrationsnowballed,itwouldn’tjustbethenarratorswholosetheirjobs.Thewholeecosystemrelyingonaudiobookswouldsuffer.”Moreover,Lawrencepointedoutamoralissue,“IfIweretolicensemyvoice,andloseallcontroloverhowmyvoiceisthenused,myvoicecouldpotentiallybeusedforcontentthatIfindunpleasant.”SomepublishersareexploringAInarrationtocutcostsandputmoreaudiobooksincirculation.AnthonyGoff,publisherofHachetteAudio,however,stated,“WhileAIcanprovideacost-effectivesolutiontoproducingaudiobooks,wedonotexpectAInarrationtoreplacehumans,sincetherewillalwaysbeademandforthehumantouch,especiallyintypesthatrequiredeepemotionalengagementandstorytellingskills.”Thisdebateultimatelyreflectsadeeperconflictbetweenprofitandhumanvalues.Maybeamiddle-groundapproachisneeded.12.WhatleadstothesignificantgrowthofPANA’smembership?A.TheincreasingcostofAInarration.B.Thedeclineoftheaudiobookindustry.C.ThegrowingconcernaboutAI’sthreat.D.Theaudience’spreferenceforaudiobooks.13.WhatdoesEmilyLawrenceworryabout?A.Manyreaderswillbeunemployed. B.Somenarrators’voiceswillbemisused.C.AItechnologywillbetooexpensive. D.Theaudiobookecosystemwillbedestroyed.14.WhosuggestsabalanceduseofAIandhumannarrators?A.ThadMellroy. B.HillaryHuber. C.EmilyLawrence. D.AnthonyGoff.15.Whatwillthetextprobablydiscussnext?A.Thepracticalsolutionsinthedebate. B.ThemarketanalysisoffutureAItools.C.ThepotentialchallengesofAInarration. D.ThenegativeimpactsofAIonpublishing.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。报道了使用AI作为有声读物朗读者一新兴现象，在有声读物行业中引发的辩论进行了报道和分析。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Mellroy’sarticlecreatedastir(轰动)insomenarratorcircles.HillaryHuber,amemberofthenewlyformedProfessionalAudiobookNarratorsAssociation(PANA),said,“It’spracticallyallwetalkabout.Wearegatheringallprofessionalstoprotectourrights.”Theassociationhasseenasignificantgrowth,withitsmembershiprisingto400.(梅尔罗伊的文章在一些叙述者圈子里引起了轰动。新成立的专业有声读物叙述者协会（PANA）的成员希拉里·休伯说：“这实际上是我们谈论的全部内容。我们正在召集所有专业人士来保护我们的权利。”该协会发展迅速，会员人数已增至400人)”可知，Mellroy关于AI配音的文章引发广泛讨论，PANA成员HillaryHuber提到“我们聚集专业人士保护权利”，会员数量激增至400人。这直接表明会员增长源于对AI威胁的关注。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover,Lawrencepointedoutamoralissue,“IfIweretolicensemyvoice,andloseallcontroloverhowmyvoiceisthenused,myvoicecouldpotentiallybeusedforcontentthatIfindunpleasant.”(此外，Lawrence还指出了一个道德问题，“如果我将我的声音授权给他人，并失去对我的声音如何被使用的所有控制，我的声音可能会被用于我觉得不愉快的内容。”)”可知，EmilyLawrence提到，若授权自己的声音给AI，可能失去控制并被用于不当内容，也就是担心一些叙述者的声音会被误用。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“AnthonyGoff,publisherofHachetteAudio,however,stated,“WhileAIcanprovideacost-effectivesolutiontoproducingaudiobooks,wedonotexpectAInarrationtoreplacehumans,sincetherewillalwaysbeademandforthehumantouch,especiallyintypesthatrequiredeepemotionalengagementandstorytellingskills.”(然而，HachetteAudio的出版商AnthonyGoff表示：“虽然人工智能可以为有声书的制作提供一种经济有效的解决方案，但我们并不期望人工智能叙事能够取代人类，因为总是需要人类的触摸，特别是在需要深刻情感投入和讲故事技巧的类型中。”)”可知，AnthonyGoff建议平衡使用AI和人类叙述者。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisdebateultimatelyreflectsadeeperconflictbetweenprofitandhumanvalues.Maybeamiddle-groundapproachisneeded.(这场辩论最终反映了利润与人类价值观之间更深层次的冲突。也许我们需要一种中间路线)”可知，接下来应是辩论中的实际解决方案。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。答案写在答题卡上。TheArtofWar,writtenbytheChinesestrategistSunTzu,isoneofthemostfamousandinfluentialmilitarytextsintheworld.____16____Itisnotjustaboutwarbutiswidelyappliedinbusiness,sports,andevenpersonalconflicts.Itprovidesvaluableguidanceforsolvingproblemsandachievingvictory.·Chooseyourbattlescarefully.OneimportantlessonfromTheArtofWaristocarefullychooseyourbattles.Itiscrucialtorecognizewhentoengageinaconflict.Noteveryconflictisworthyourtimeandeffort.____17____Effectiveresourcemanagementcanhelpyouavoidunnecessarystrugglesandwinthesignificantbattlewithlesseffort.·____18____Clearthinkingandpreparationareessentialbeforeyoufaceanychallenges.Insituationslikestartingabusinessorsolvingproblems,agoodplanhelpsyoumakebetterdecisionsandincreasesyourchancesofsuccess.·Assessyourenemyandyourself.Understandingyourselfiscrucial,butknowingyouropponentisequallyimportant.Lookingdownuponyourenemycanbethebiggestmistakeyoucommit.Neverunderestimatethem.Weighthestrongandtheweakbeforethewar.____19____·Beadaptableandflexible.Nothingisstableinawar.____20____Seizeanopportunitywheneveritarisesandyoucanonlydoitwhenyouareflexibleenoughtoadapttonewideas.TheArtofWarisnotjustaguideformilitarystrategybutatimelessresourcethatoffersvaluableinsightsforpersonalgrowthandprofessionalsuccess.Itsprinciplesteachushowtothinkstrategically,adapttochallenges,andovercomeobstaclesinanyareaoflife.A.Takeactionswithoutdelay.B.Alwaysplanandstrategize.C.Thatdemandsquickadaptation.D.WhyisTheArtofWarsopopular?E.Saveyourenergyforwhattrulymatters.F.Youneedtoadjustyourselftochangesaccordingly.G.Sticktothegoldenruleof“Avoidthestrongandstriketheweak”.【答案】16.D17.E18.B19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了《孙子兵法》这本书的内容、受欢迎的原因以及它所蕴含的一些重要原则或策略。【16题详析】根据后文“Itisnotjustaboutwarbutiswidelyappliedinbusiness,sports,andevenpersonalconflicts.Itprovidesvaluableguidanceforsolvingproblemsandachievingvictory.(它不仅适用于战争，还广泛应用于商业、体育甚至个人冲突。它为解决问题和取得胜利提供了宝贵的指导)”可知，后文解释了《孙子兵法》受欢迎的原因，所以空处应是D项“WhyisTheArtofWarsopopular?(《孙子兵法》为何如此受欢迎？)”符合文意，后文是对此处提问的街道。故选D项。【17题详析】根据前文“OneimportantlessonfromTheArtofWaristocarefullychooseyourbattles.Itiscrucialtorecognizewhentoengageinaconflict.Noteveryconflictisworthyourtimeandeffort.(《孙子兵法》给我们的一个重要教训是，要慎重选择战斗。认识到何时参与冲突是至关重要的。不是每一次冲突都值得你花时间和精力)”以及后文“Effectiveresourcemanagementcanhelpyouavoidunnecessarystrugglesandwinthesignificantbattlewithlesseffort.(有效的资源管理可以帮助您避免不必要的斗争，并以更少的努力赢得重要的战斗)”可知，本段主要讲述慎重选择战斗，所以E项“Saveyourenergyforwhattrulymatters.(把精力留到真正重要的事情上)”符合本段主题，承接上文，引出下文。故选E项。【18题详析】设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Clearthinkingandpreparationareessentialbeforeyoufaceanychallenges.Insituationslikestartingabusinessorsolvingproblems,agoodplanhelpsyoumakebetterdecisionsandincreasesyourchancesofsuccess.(在你面对任何挑战之前，清晰的思维和准备是必不可少的。在创业或解决问题等情况下，一个好的计划可以帮助你做出更好的决定，增加你成功的机会)”可知，本段主要讲述做事前需有计划和制定策略，所以B项“Alwaysplanandstrategize.(总是计划和制定策略)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。【19题详析】设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Assessyourenemyandyourself.Understandingyourselfiscrucial,butknowingyouropponentisequallyimportant.Lookingdownuponyourenemycanbethebiggestmistakeyoucommit.Neverunderestimatethem.Weighthestrongandtheweakbeforethewar.(评估你的敌人和你自己。了解你自己很重要，但了解你的对手也同样重要。轻视敌人可能是你犯下的最大错误。永远不要低估他们。在战前衡量强者和弱者)”可知，G项“Sticktothegoldenruleof“Avoidthestrongandstriketheweak”.(坚持“避强打弱”的黄金法则)”是对前文战前衡量强者和弱者的总结，符合文意。故选G项。【20题详析】根据前文“·Beadaptableandflexible.Nothingisstableinawar.(适应能力强，灵活变通。战争中没有什么是稳定的)”可知，本段讲述，战争中需灵活变通，所以F项“Youneedtoadjustyourselftochangesaccordingly.(你需要相应地调整自己以适应变化)”符合本段主题，是quiz前文进一步说明。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onarainyafternoon,Isatinacozycoffeeshop,enjoyingaLatte.Unintentionally,achatbetweentwowomengrabbedmy____21____,whowerediscussinganupcomingparty.Oneofthem,calledSarah,seemeduneasy.“Idon’tthinkIcanattendit,”shesaid____22____.“I’vegainedafewpounds,andjustfeelso…unattractive.”Herfriend,Lisa,gavehera(n)____23____smile.“Oh,you’restunningjustthewayyouare.”ButSarahsighed,“Onsocialmedia,everyonelooksperfect.Ijustcan’t____24____thestandards.”Hearingthis,Irecalledmyown____25____withbeautyinhighschool,spendinghourstryingto“fix”myself,onlytofeelexhaustedandempty.Fortunately,Momnoticedmy____26____andremindedme,“Beautyisn’tabouthowyoulookbutabouthowyoufeelinside.”Herwordsstayedwithme.Gradually,I____27____myfocustoactivitiesthatbroughtmejoyandpeoplewho____28____me.ThelessIworriedaboutappearance,themoremyconfidencegrew.Backinthecoffeeshop,IwantedtosharemystorywithSarahbut____29____.Instead,Isilently____30____herallthebestinlife.Later,I____31____Sarahatabookstore.Hernewfound____32____shonethrough.Afterchatting,oneofherremarks“Ihadsuchagreattimebeingmyself”really____33____me.Herwords____34____mymother’swisdom:Truebeautylieswithin,____35____self-acceptance,kindness,andthecouragetobeourselves.21.A.laughter B.reaction C.imagination D.attention22.A.coldly B.carelessly C.sadly D.guiltily23.A.forced B.encouraging C.mysterious D.unnatural24.A.liveupto B.getusedto C.putupwith D.comeupwith25.A.wisdom B.struggle C.evaluation D.discovery26.A.frustration B.beauty C.progress D.failure27.A.lost B.expanded C.shifted D.kept28.A.ignored B.doubted C.judged D.valued29.A.hesitated B.puzzled C.insisted D.frowned30.A.treated B.wished C.served D.persuaded31.A.encountered B.avoided C.left D.called32.A.friendship B.hobby C.compassion D.confidence33.A.scared B.confused C.struck D.corrected34.A.changed B.attained C.analysed D.echoed35.A.proving B.comprising C.resembling D.overlooking【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.A32.D33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在咖啡店偶然听到两位女性关于外貌和自信的对话，从而引发了自己对过去在美容观念上挣扎的回忆。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无意中，两个女人的聊天引起了我的注意，她们正在讨论一个即将到来的聚会。A.laughter笑声；B.reaction反应；C.imagination想象力；D.attention注意力。根据后文“whowerediscussinganupcomingparty”可知，作者听到了她们的谈话内容，所以是她们的聊天吸引了作者的注意力。故选D项。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我想我不能参加了，”她伤心地说。A.coldly冷漠地；B.carelessly粗心地；C.sadly悲伤地；D.guiltily内疚地。根据后文“I’vegainedafewpounds,andjustfeelso…unattractive.”可知，莎拉觉得自己胖了没有吸引力，不能参加活动，所以应是悲伤地。故选C项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的朋友丽莎给了她一个鼓励的微笑。A.forced被迫的；B.encouraging鼓励的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.unnatural不自然的。根据后文“Oh,you’restunningjustthewayyouare.”可知，丽莎在鼓励她的朋友，所以应是给了她一个鼓励的微笑。故选B项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但莎拉叹了口气：“在社交媒体上，每个人看起来都很完美。我就是达不到标准。”A.liveupto符合（期望）；B.getusedto习惯；C.putupwith忍受；D.comeupwith想出。根据前文“Onsocialmedia,everyonelooksperfect”可知，莎拉觉得其他人都很完美，而自己胖了，不符合标准。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，我想起了自己在高中时与美丽的斗争，花了几个小时试图“修复”自己，结果却感到筋疲力尽和空虚。A.wisdom智慧；B.struggle斗争；C.evaluation评估；D.discovery发现。根据后文“spendinghourstryingto“fix”myself”可知，作者花了几个小时试图“修复”自己，所以是与美丽的斗争。故选B项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，妈妈注意到了我的沮丧，提醒我：“美丽不在于你的外表，而在于你内心的感受。”A.frustration沮丧；B.beauty美丽；C.progress进步；D.failure失败。根据前文“onlytofeelexhaustedandempty”可知，作者花了几个小时试图“修复”自己，结果却感到筋疲力尽和空虚，所以是沮丧的。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我把注意力转移到能给我带来快乐的活动和重视我的人身上。A.lost失去；B.expanded扩展；C.shifted转移；D.kept保持。根据后文“ThelessIworriedaboutappearance,themoremyconfidencegrew.”可知，作者不再关注自己的外表，所以是把注意力转移了。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我把注意力转移到能给我带来快乐的活动和重视我的人身上。A.ignored忽视；B.doubted怀疑；C.judged判断；D.valued重视。根据前文“activitiesthatbroughtmejoy”可知，空处和此处并列，表达意思相近，所以应是“重视我的人”符合语境。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到咖啡店，我想和莎拉分享我的故事，但犹豫了。A.hesitated犹豫；B.puzzled困惑；C.insisted坚持；D.frowned皱眉。根据后文“Instead,Isilentlyherallthebestinlife.”可知，作者没有分享她的故事，所以是犹豫了。故选A项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我默默地祝她生活一切顺利。A.treated对待；B.wished希望；C.served服务；D.persuaded说服。根据后文“allthebestinlife”结合选项可知，应是“默默地祝她生活一切顺利”符合语境。故选B项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在一家书店遇到了莎拉。A.encountered遇到；B.avoided避免；C.left离开；D.called呼叫。根据后文“Hernewfoundshonethrough.”可知，作者又遇到莎拉了，并变得自信。故选A项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她新获得的自信表露无遗。A.friendship友谊；B.hobby爱好；C.compassion同情；D.confidence信心。根据后文“Ihadsuchagreattimebeingmyself”可知，莎拉很高兴做我自己，所以是变得自信了。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：聊天后，她的一句话“我很高兴做我自己”给了我深刻的印象。A.scared害怕；B.confused困惑；C.struck给（某人以……）印象；D.corrected纠正。根据后文“Herwordsmymother’swisdom”可知，莎拉的话呼应了作者母亲的智慧，所以是给了她深刻的印象。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话呼应了我母亲的智慧：真正的美在于内心，包括自我接纳、善良和做自己的勇气。A.changed改变；B.attained获得；C.analysed分析；D.echoed回应。根据前文“Beautyisn’tabouthowyoulookbutabouthowyoufeelinside.”以及“Ihadsuchagreattimebeingmyself”可知，两句话是相呼应的。故选D项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话呼应了我母亲的智慧：真正的美在于内心，包括自我接纳、善良和做自己的勇气。A.proving证明；B.comprising包含；C.resembling类似；D.overlooking忽视。根据后文“self-acceptance,kindness,andthecouragetobeourselves”结合实际可知，内在美需包含这些可贵品质。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Notre-DameCathedralinParisreopeneditsgranddoorsonDecember7th,2024.Backin2019,aftersufferingatragicfirethatseemedliketheendofanera,thecathedralfacedseveredamage.____36____madepeopleheartbrokenwasthatitsiconicspire(尖顶),amasterpieceofmedievaldesign,collapsedinacloudofsmokeandruins.Thankfully,leadingexpertsgatheredanddevoted____37____(they)totherestorationwork.Everything____38____(carry)outwithgreatprecisionanddedication.____39____(ensure)theaccuracyofeverydetail,theyapproachedthework____40____astrongsenseofresponsibility.Amongalltherestorationwork,preservingthe____41____(origin)stylewasthemostchallenging.Toachievethis,expertsspentyearspainstakingly____42____(research)historicalrecords,studyinganc