Unit 2 过知识（教师版）

外研版2019必修第三册Unit2Makingadifference【过知识】Step1考点必备【过单词】重点单词___________n.贡献___________n.减轻，缓解3.___________adj.有效的4.___________v.回收利用5.___________v.捐赠6___________n.短缺，不足7.___________n.职责，使命8.___________n.疾病9.___________adj.敏感的10___________n.癌症11.___________adj.临时的，短暂的12.___________n.成绩，成就13.___________v.专修，adj.主要的,n.专业14.___________n.治疗，疗法15.___________(比较级）adj.更远的，进一步16.___________n.v.帮助，援助17.___________n.军队18.___________adj.最高级的，首席的19.___________v.获得，得到20.___________n.药物，药材答案：contribution2，relief3,effective4,recycle5,donate6,shortage7,mission8,disease9,sensitive10,cancer11,temporary12,achievement13,major14.treatment15.further/farther16.aid17,military18,chief19,obtain20,drug重点词转1.temporarilyadv.临时地，短暂地→temporaryadj.临时的，短暂的2.achievementn.成绩，成就→achievev.获得成就，实现3.majorv.专修，adj.主要的,n.专业→majorityn.大多数4.treatmentn.治疗，疗法→treatv.治疗，对待5.faradj.遥远的→further/farther(比较级）→furthest/farthest(最高级）6.contributionn.贡献→contributev.贡献，促进7.reliefn.减轻，缓解→relievev.减轻，缓解8.affectv.影响→effectn.影响，效果→effectiveadj.有效的→effectivelyadv.有效地9.recyclev.回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收的10.donatev.捐赠→donationn.捐赠11.realityn.真实，现实→realadj.真的的→realizev.实现，意识到【过短语】1.risetoone’sfeet站起身来2.boardthetrain登上火车3.joinsb加入某人4.thewayofdoingsth做某事的方法5.ondoingsth一...就...6.escapefrom从...逃脱7.indanger处于危险中8.keeprecordsof记录9.serveas充当，起作用10.aimtodosth旨在做某事11.managetodosth设法做某事12.hesitatetodosth犹豫，迟疑13.withtheassistanceof...在...的帮助下14.lookacross从一边看到另一边15.earnmoney挣钱16.turnout结果是，出席17.makeadifference有影响18.setup建立19.benefitfrom从...中获益20.makeone’sdreamareality梦想成真【过句式】过去分词作定语1...Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher...InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.介词+whichMostbiographiesareorganisedintheorderinwhicheventshappened.as的用法2.AstheChinesesayinggoes,“Akind-heartedpersonlivesalonglife.”【过语法】单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。定语表“完成”或“被动”boiledwater开水fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳selectedapples精选苹果spokenEnglish英语口语icedbeer冰镇啤酒cookedfood熟食friedchips炸土豆条单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词语之前(如上例)，也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。Look!Sheiscollectingusedbooks.Hurryup,thereisonlyalittletimeleft.过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。Nearthewindow,thereisabookshelffilledwithmanybooks(=whichisfilledwithmanybooks).Herdaughter,broughtupbyme(=whowasbroughtupbyme)hasbeguntoworknow.活学活用：用所给词的适当形式填空1.Doyouknowtheboy____(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily_________(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_____(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_____(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader________(respect)bythepeople.6.______(tell)tostayinBeijing,theboydecidednottoreturnedtohisvillage.7.Welivedinthehouse__________________(我舅舅们修建的).8.Anymedicine________(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.9.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan__________________(她制定的).10.Mostofthepeople___________________(被邀请参加宴会的)werefamousscientists.Keys：1lying2pointing3selling4brought5respected6Havingbeentold7builtbymyuncles8taken9madebyhim.10invitedtotheparty.Step2考点突破高频词汇·情景破考点1：contributionn.贡献;捐献;投稿【用法】(1)makecontributionsto对…做出贡献(2)contribute v.是…的原因之一;捐赠,捐献contribute...to... 把…捐献给…;给…撰稿contributeto 为…做出贡献;有助于,增进;导致;给…投稿例1．【单句填空】*YuanLongpingmadegreatcontributions______thedevelopmentofagriculture.袁隆平为农业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。*Moreandmorepeoplearewilling_____________foodandclothestothehomelesspeople.越来越多的人愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。*Hisvisitcontributed__________abetterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.他的来访增进了两国间更好的理解。【答案】totocontributeto考点2：reliefn.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济【用法】(1)toone’srelief 令某人欣慰的是withrelief 欣慰地；如释重负地It’sarelieftodosth. 做某事是令人欣慰的。(2)relieve vt.减轻；解除；救援relievesb.of... 减轻某人的……；将某人从……中解脱出来(3)relieved adj.感到宽慰的例2．【单句填空】①Shesmiled___reliefaftersheheardhersonhadbeenadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversity.②-Don'tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.-What______relief!I'lltellDadthere'snothingserious.③Inawayitwasarelief______(know)exactlywhatwashappening.④Adoctoristoworkforthe_______(relieve)ofpatients'suffering.⑤_______ourrelief,theoldtemplesinthisregionwereonlyslightlydamagedinthedisaster.【答案】①in②a③toknow④relief⑤To考点3：aidv.帮助,援助【词汇拓展】givesbfirstaid/givefirstaidtosb对某人进行急救come/gotoone’said/help帮助某人inaidof为了援助withtheaidof在……的帮助下aidsbin/with(doing)sth在(做)某事方面帮助某人aidsbtodosth帮助某人做某事例3．【单句填空】(1)语法填空①Heaidedme_______(finish)thework.

②I’mcollectingmoney__aidofthehomelesspeople.(2)_____________aneighbor,hemanagedtoputoutthefire.

他在一位邻居的帮助下设法把火扑灭了。(3)HavinglearnedthatIwasintrouble,he_____________withoutdelay.

得知我陷入困境后,他立即赶来帮助我。答案：tofinishinWiththeaidofcametomyaid考点4：achievementn.成就,功绩【语块积累】asenseofachievement成就感makeagreatachievement取得伟大的成就achieve/realiseone’sdream/aim实现某人的梦想/目标例4．【单句填空】(1)语法填空①Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreat____________(achieve)inenvironmentalprotection.②Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothing______________(achieve)unlessweworkwelltogether.

③Hislazinessmakesitimpossibleforhim_________(achieve)success.

(2)He________________________hisscientificresearch.

他在科研工作中取得了巨大的成就。答案：achievementswillbeachievedtoachievemadegreatachievementsin考点5：majoradj.重要的,主要的【语块积累】majorityn.大多数majorinsth主修(大专院校的)科目themajorityof大多数inthemajority占大多数minoradj.少数的minorityn.少数intheminority占少数IthinkthemajorityofAmericansagreewiththat.我想大多数美国人是同意那个观点的。例5．【单句填空】(1)语法填空①MaryisanEnglishmajorstudentandshealsomajors__Chinese.②Onethirdofthecountry__coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens___(be)nativeAmericans.(2)________________agreewithyou.

我们绝大多数与你意见一致。答案：inisareThemajorityofus考点6：treatmentn.治疗;疗法【语块积累】treatsblike/as...把某人当……看待treatsthseriously认真对待某事treatsb/oneselfto用……款待某人/自己undertreatment正在治疗It’smytreat.我请客。例6．【单句填空】①Youmustlearntoadjustyourself__thecountrylife.②Someschoolswillhavetomake___________(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.③Ittookthebabyawhiletoadjustto_______(sleep)alone.答案：toadjustmentssleeping考点7:forgivev.原谅,宽恕【语块积累】(1)forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做)某事forgivesb.sth. 原谅某人某事forgiveandforget 既往不咎,不计前嫌(2)forgiveness n.原谅ask/begforforgiveness 请求原谅例7．【单句填空】①Shehasforgivenyou___thewrongsdonetoherbyyou.②Heaskedfor__________(forgive)forwhathehaddonewrong.(2)________________________,butIreallydon’tagreewithyou.

原谅我打断一下,但我真的不同意你的意见。经典结构·情景破考点8.Onleavingschool,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.【用法】句式分析：句型公式:upon/on+n./doing...表示“一……就……”,相当于assoonas引导的时间状语从句归纳拓展表示“一……就……”还有以下几种表达:(1)immediately/directly/instantly+从句(2)themoment/minute/instant+从句(3)nosooner...than.../hardly...when...(主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,如果nosooner或hardly位于句首,主句需用部分倒装结构)【经典例句】①Wehadnosoonerreachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。②TheyleftthecountryforSingaporeassoonasthewarbrokeout.战争一爆发,他们就离开了那个国家去了新加坡。【即学即练】(1)单句填空①On

(see)theteachercomingintotheclassroom,allthestudentsstoodup.②I

(go)homedirectlyIhadfinishedmywork.③Iwanttoseehimthemomenthe

(arrive).(2)句型升级④MoYanhadnosoonersteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.→

theaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.(倒装句)【答案】seeing2.went3.arrives4.NosoonerhadMoYansteppedonthestagethan考点9.Ryansaysthatthequestiontoaskisnot“Whydon’tIhelp?”,but“HowcanIhelptoday?”……Ryan说他想问的不是“我为什么没有帮忙”,而是“今天我能怎样帮忙?”。【句式剖析】此处not...but...连接两个结构相似、功能相同的句子成分。这种结构否定but前的内容,肯定but后的内容。Whatmakeshisparentsworriedisnothisgradesbutthathehasn’tanyinterestinlearning.让他父母担心的不是他的成绩而是他对学习不感兴趣。Thegiftyougiveisnotsomethingyourlovedonekeepsbutavoluntarycontributiontowardsthelivesofpeoplewhoreallyneedit.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的,而是给那些的确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。【句式拓展】not...but...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。类似用法的有:neither...nor...既不……也不……;either...or...不是……就是……;notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……;therebe句型【即学即练】用be动词的适当形式填空1.Notyoubutshewantedonthetelephone.电话里找的是她而不是你。2.Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorverykindtothepatients.护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。Step3考点过关一、根据汉语意思填写单词（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1.Thecompanywillprovide____________(临时的)accommodationforitsemployees.2.Coralisvery_________(敏感的)tochangesinwatertemperature.3.Agentlemanpassesand_________(犹豫)foramoment.4.Thelittlegirlaskedmeto_________(帮助)hertopickupaflowerforher.5.Itwasannouncedthatthetimeswereprovisionalandsubjectto_________(确认).6.Iampleasedtoknowmyclassmateshavemadegreat_________(成就)inwriting.7.Thedoctortriedto_________(治疗)hisdiseasewithmusic.8.Hestoodonthepavement,memorizingthe_________(登记;注册)number.9.Sheholdsa_________(证书)inhumanresourcemanagementfromSanFranciscoStateUniversity.10.Thegovernmenthasthreatenedtotake_________(军事的,军队的)actioniftherebelsdonotwithdrawfromthearea.1.temporary2.sensitive3.hesitates4.assist5.confirmation6.achievements7.treat8.registration9.certificate10.military二、用单词的适当形式完成句子（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1.MrsWhiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps________(borrow)fromthelibrary.2.Theprofessor________(give)usalecturenowcomesfromPekingUniversity.3.Theplayers________(select)fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorintheimportantbasketballmatch.4.Thetownhall________(complete)inthe1800swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.5.Mostofthepeople________(invite)totheconferenceweremyoldfriends.6.Havingnevermetwithsucha________(puzzle)problem,hedidn’tknowhowtosolveit.7.Withsomuchhomework________(finish),hehastostayintheclassroom.

8.Thewitness________(question)bythepolicejustnowgaveaverydifferentdescriptionofthefight.9.Therehasstillbeennoofficial(confirm)ofthereport,sowedon'tknowifitistrue.

10.Thespeaker,________(know)forherwonderfulspeeches,willdeliveralectureinourschoolnextweek.1.borrowed2.giving3.selected4.completed5.invited6.puzzling7.tofinish8.questioned9.confirmation10.known三、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）madeadifference,risetoone’sfeet,indanger,keeprecordsof,earnone’sliving,atonepoint,passaway,serveas,1.Whattheteachersaid______________tomyfuture.

2.Allofuswillstrugglefairlyhardtosurviveifweare_____________.

3.Heunfortunately______________lastyearduetohiscancer.

4.Inaway,I’mgladyoumadethatmistake,foritwill______________awarningtoyou.

5.Myideaisthattheyshould______________whattheyhavedone.

6.____________wequarreledoversomethingsilly.

7.Evenifyoufalldownmanytimes,youshould______________withouthesitation.

8.Nowheisindependentofhisparentsandcan______________forhimself.

9.Keepitinmind,andgraduallywecangainthisgoodlearninghabitand______________it.

10.Iwonderiftheschoolcouldplacemoredustbinsaroundand______________specificrulesagainstsuchbehaviour.

1.madeadifference2._indanger3.passedaway4.serveas5.keeprecordsof6.Atonepoint7.risetoyourfeet8.earnhisliving9.benefitfrom10.setup四、完成句子。(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)1.Thedoctoris___________(给他治疗)hiscough.2.I__________(偶然碰到)anoldfriendinthesupermarketyesterday.3.________(为了帮助)her,IhavespentmuchtimeinhelpingherwithherEnglish.4.Someplants_____________(对……敏感)light.Theyprefertheshade.5.WhenItoldhimthetruth,he_____________(毫不犹豫地)ingivingmetwohundredyuan.6.Lackingexperience,Lilywantedmeto_____________(在……方面帮助她)herwork.7.Whathehasdone_____________(使我确信)hisbravery.8.LasttimeIgot129scoresinEnglishandIfelt_____________(成就感).Luckily,myteachersensedmyproblem,tellingmethatasmallthing________(起到重要作用).

Theoperationonhisson’sheartsucceeded,andhe____________(欣慰地笑了).

1._treatinghimfor2.cameacross3._Inaidof4.aresensitiveto5.hadnohesitation6.assistherwith7.confirmedmein8.asenseofachievement9.canmakeabigdifference10.smiledwithreliefStep4语言运用综合过关完成句子1.Doyouknowtheboy____(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily_________(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_____(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_____(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader________(respect)bythepeople.6.______(tell)tostayinBeijing,theboydecidednottoreturnedtohisvillage.7.Welivedinthehouse__________________(我舅舅们修建的).8.Anymedicine________(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.9.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan__________________(她制定的).10.Mostofthepeople___________________(被邀请参加宴会的)werefamousscientists.Keys：1lying2pointing3selling4brought5respected6Havingbeentold7builtbymyuncles8taken9madebyhim.10invitedtotheparty.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___11___(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___12___losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation___13___(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.___14___friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental___15___(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore___16___(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears.Cao___17___(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,here