河南省郑州市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

郑州市2023-2024学年下期期末考试高一英语试题卷注意事项:本试卷分四部分,考试时间120分钟,满分150分。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息,然后在答题卡上作答,在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、1.WhatdoesKathyadviseArthurtodo?A.Changeabattery.B.Buyanewwatch.C.Getthewatchfixed.2.WhatistheeasiestwaytoeatmorehealthilyinOliver’seyes?A.Havingsmallhealthymeals.B.Eatingmorefruitsandvegetables.C.Tryingsugar-freecookiesandyogurt.3.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Tocheckthedate.B.Tomakeachange.C.Tobookaroom.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclinic.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.5.HowdoesSusansound?A.Relaxed.B.Worried.C.Surprised.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesJasontellDaisytodoonarainyday?A.Leavehomeearlier.B.Takepublictransport.C.Prepareacupofcoffee.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Driverandpassenger.B.Husbandandwife.C.Colleagues.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomanstarttheconversation?A.Todoasurvey.B.Tointroducealanguagelesson.C.Toshareherlearningexperience.9.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Atourguide.B.Ateacher.C.Awriter.10.Whatchallengesdoesthemanfaceinhislanguagelearning?A.Knowingafewwords.B.Failingtocreatestories.C.Havinggrammarproblems.听第8段材料,回答第11至14题。11.Whereisthevillage?A.Onahill.B.Nexttoaforest.C.Nearabigtown.12.Whatarethehousesinthevillagemadeof?A.Woodandbricks.B.Stonesanddirt.C.Woodandstones.13.Whydothecollegestudentsreturntothetownaftergraduation?A.Toputuphouses.B.Toplantgreentea.C.Tohelpwithitsdevelopment.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthevillage?A.Moved.B.Interested.C.Bored.听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。15.Whatisthemandoing?A.Savingmoney.B.Drawingmoney.C.Exchangingmoney.16.Howmuchmoneywillthemanget?A.740yuan.B.7,400yuan.C.1,000dollars.17.Whatdidthemanaskaboutatlast?A.Whentoexchangethemoney.B.Howtochangethemoneyback.C.Wheretohandintheexchangeform.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whatarethesmartlockscontrolledby?A.Asmartphoneapp.B.Acomputersystem.C.Aconvenientsoundbox.19.Whatwillthesmartlocksdowhenthedooropenswithoutpermission?A.Informitsowner.B.Cutofftheelectricity.C.Callserviceproviders.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Usesofmoderntechnology.B.Advantagesofsmartlocks.C.Convenienceandsafetyoflocks.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheBestChineseRestaurantsinSohoChineserestaurantsareverypopulararoundtheChinatown,especiallyforthepeoplewholiveinthenearbySohoinLondon.AvarietyofChinesecuisines(菜肴)areeasytobefoundinSoho.YauatchaSohoYauatchaisastylishall-daydimsum(点心)restaurantfromtheHakkasanGroup.And⋅theSohositeisextremelystylishindeedwithitsdarktablesandlongblue-litfishtank.Thefoodissimilarlybeautiful,fromthedelicate(精致的)crystaldumplingstothespicysteamedseabass,akindofseafish.YoucertainlypayforthepleasureofeatingatYauatcha.Forafancyoccasionitreallyhitsthespot.Beijing⋅DumplingsItmayhavedumplingsinthenamebutthat’snotallthislittlespotturnsout.Youcanwatchthecooksmakethedumplingsbyhandinthewindowandtheycomepan-fried,steamedorsoupiyintheformofxiaolongbao.Ifyouneedmore,thereareavarietyofclassicdishesandspicyhotpot.LittleFourSeasonsIt’snothardtolocateLittleFourSeasonswhichisfamedforitsroastduck.Youcangetthisdishthere,butthespecialtyofthishouseishotpotwithporkandchickenwithblackpepper,andthespicychickenandthespicyandsourfishareparticularfavourites.BarshuSichuancuisineisfamousforitsspicinessandthat’sexactlywhatyougetatBarshu.Sichuanpeppersandchilliesfeatureacrossthemenu,ineverythingfromdeepfriedfroglegstodryducktonguestospicyandsourtofu.It’sslightlymoreexpensivethanyouraverageChinatown’restaurant,butyou’llstruggletofindregionalfoodofthesamequalityelsewhere.Justbepreparedfortheheat.21.Wherecanyoueatdumplingscookedindifferentways?A.AtBarshu.B.AtYauatchaSoho.C.AtBeijingDumplings.D.AtLittleFourSeasons.22.WhichcanbeenjoyedatLittleFourSeasons?A.Friedfroglegs.B.Spicyandsourfish.C.Spicyandsourpork.D.Spicysteamedseabass.23.Whatdothefourrestaurantshaveincommon?A.Theircustomerscanhavespicyfood.B.Theircuisinescostcustomerstheleast.C.TheircustomersaremainlyChinesepeople.D.TheircuisinesarecombinedwithEnglishflavour.BHerewasawarmstoryhappeningonafreezingcoldwinternight.AblondeyoungladypulledupattheTelegraphCentertollgate(收费站)andsaidtothestaffworkinginside,"I’mpayingformyself,andforthesixcarsbehindme."Shehandedoverseventicketswithabigsmile.Oneafteranother,thenextsixdriversarrivingatthetollgatewereinformed,"Aladyupaheadhasalreadypaidyourfare."Itturnedoutthattheyounglady,NatalieSmith,hadreadsomethingonafriend’srefrigerator:"Practicerandom(随机的)kindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty."Thephraseimpressedhersomuchthatshecopieditdown.JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonastorewallfarawayfromhome.Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown."Ithoughtitwasverybeautiful,"shesaid,explainingwhyshehadtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,likeamessagefromabove.Herhusband,Frank,likedthephrasesomuchthatheputitupontheclassroomwallforhisstudents,oneofwhomwasthedaughterofAliceJohnson,alocalnewsreporter.Aliceputitinthenewspaper,admittingthatthoughshelikedit,shedidn’tknowwhereitcamefromorwhatitreallymeant.Twodayslater,AlicegotacallfromAnneHerbert,awomanlivinginMarin.ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper,afterturningitaroundinhermindfordays."Here’stheidea,"Annesaid."Anythingyouthinkthereshouldbemoreof,doitrandomly."Herfantasies(幻想)includepaintingtheclassroomsofshabbyschools,leavinghotmealsonkitchentablesinthepoorpartoftown,andgivingmoneysecretlytoaproudoldlady.Theactsofrandomkindnessspread.Ifyouwereoneofthosedriverswhofoundyourfarepaid,whoknowswhatyoumighthavebeeninspiredtodoforsomeoneelselater.Likeallgreatevents,kindnessbeginsslowly,witheverysingleact.Letitbeyours!24.WhatisNatalie’spurposeofpayingforthecarsbehindher?A.Topleaseothers.B.Toshowkindness.C.Touseseventickets.D.Torewardthedrivers.25.WhydidJudycopydownthephrase?A.Shethoughtitmadegoodsense.B.Shewantedtoknowitsmeaning.C.Shedecidedtowriteitonherhousewall.D.Shewantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroom.26.Whocameupwiththephraseaccordingtothepassage?A.NatalieSmith.B.JudyForeman.C.AnneHerbert.D.AliceJohnson.27.Whatcanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A.Whoeverhelpsotherswillbehelped.B.Peopleshouldpracticekindnesstothoseinneed.C.Whoeverreceiveskindnessislikelytoofferittoothers.D.Peoplewillbehighlypraisedfortheirspreadingkindness.CTheideaforChina’sspaceprogramwasputforwardin1956byQianXuesen,apioneerinChineserocketscience.Followingfullpreparation,themannedShenzhouprogrambeganin1992,andin2003,thefirstChineseastronaut,YangLiwei,tookadventureintospace.In2007,thelunarorbiterChang’e-1waslaunched,followedbytheexperimentalmannedspacestationTiangong-1in2011.In2019,Chang’e-4achievedasoftlandingonthelunarfarside,markingthefirstsuccessfulsoftlandingbyhumansinthatarea.A"soft"landingisonewherethespacecraftlandsinacontrolledway,andgetsnodamage.Twelvehourslater,thesmallYutu-2wasletgo.TounderstandwhyChang’e-4’ssoftlandingwassuchanachievement,considerthedifficultyofanyspacemission,especiallyonetothefarsideofthemoon.Whilethefarsideofthemoonisoftencalledthedarksideofthemoon,itisnotreallydark.Themainchallengeoflandingonthemoon’sfarsideiscommunication,asthereisnodirectlineofsighttoEarth,makingradiocommunicationwithspacecrafttheretypicallyimpossible.Chineseengineersdesignedauniquesolutiontothisproblem.BeforeChang’e-4’smission,theysenttheQueqiaocommunicationssatelliteintospace.WhenengineersneededtocommunicatewithChang’e-4andYutu-2,theycouldsendradiomessagestoQueqiao.ThemessageswouldthenbesentfromthesatellitedowntotheLander.ThisallowedforcontactbetweenEarthandthefarsideofthemoon.OneofChang’e-4’sexperimentsaimedtotestaclosedecological(生态的)system,importantforspacemissions.Inthissystem,plantsproducefoodandoxygenforfruitflies,whilethefruitfliesproduceCO2fortheplants.Thisexperimentworkedforninedays,butithadtobestoppedwhenthetemperaturesdroppedbelow−China’sspaceprogramhasachievedsignificantmilestones,fromthemannedShenzhouprogramtothesuccessfulsoftlandingofChang’e-4onthelunarfarside.TheseachievementsreflectChina’sgrowingprogressinspaceexploration.28.WhywastheChang’e-4’ssoftlandingonthelunarfarsideimportant?A.Itfoundevidenceofwateronthemoon.B.Itdiscoveredanewtypeofrockformation.C.Itestablishedaneverlastingbaseforfuturemissions.D.ItmarkedasignificantmilestoneinChina’sspaceexploration.29.HowdidChineseengineerssolvethecommunicationproblemwithChang’e-4?A.Theyusedaspecialradiowave.B.Theysetuplargeequipmentonthemoon.C.Theyusedanetworkofground-basedstations.D.Theysentacommunicationssatelliteintospace.30.Whatchallengedidtheclosedecologicalsystemexperimentface?A.Lackofsunlight.B.Equipmentfailure.C.Extremetemperatures.D.Shortageofoxygensupply.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoChina’sachievementsinspaceexploration?A.Positive.B.Indifferent.C.Unclear.D.Doubtful.DAshumanbeings,wenaturallytendtobecomemoreandmorecuriousabouteverythingaboutourselves,includingourhistory,psychologyandphilosophy.Muchofourknowledgemovesaroundhumankinditself,asifwewerethemostimportantthingintheuniverse.Butinthecourseofthecenturies,wehavecometorealizejusthowmanywrongideaswehavehad.Wehavelearnedoftheexistenceofblackholes,wavesofspace,andtheextraordinarymolecular(分子的)structuresineverycellofourbodies.Themorewediscover,themoreweunderstandthatwhatwedon’tyetknowisgreaterthanwhatweknow.Themorepowerfulourtelescopesare,thestrangerandmoreunexpectedaretheheavenswesee.Thecloserwelookatthedetailofmatter,themorewediscoverofitsgreatstructure.InafamousstorytoldbyPlatointheseventhbookofTheRepublic,somemenarechainedatthebottomofadarkcaveandseeonlyshadowscastuponawallbyafirebehindthem.Theythinkthatthisisreality.Oneofthemfreeshimself,leavesthecaveanddiscoversthelightofthesunandthewiderworld.Atfirst,thelight,towhichhiseyesareunaccustomed(不适应的),surprisesandconfuseshim.Buteventuallyhecanseeandreturnsexcitedlytohisfriendstotellthemwhathehasseen.Theyfindithardtobelieve.Weareallinthedepthsofacave,chainedbyourignoranceandprejudice(偏见),soourweaksensesshowonlyshadows.Ifwetrytoseefurther,weareconfused;weareunaccustomed.Butwetry.Thisisscience.Scientificthinkingexploresandredrawstheworld,graduallyofferingusbetterandbetterimagesofit,teachingustothinkinevermoreeffectiveways.Itsstrengthisitsabilitytooverthrowoldideas,touncovernewregionsofreality,andtoconstructnew,moreeffectiveimagesoftheworld.Thisadventurerestsupontheentiretyofpastknowledge,butatitsheartischange.Theincompletenessandtheuncertaintyofourknowledge,hungovertheabyss(深渊)ofwhatwedon’tknow,doesnotmakelifemeaningless;itmakeslifeinterestingandprecious.32.Whatarethefirstthreeparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Splendidculturesforcenturiescreatedbyman.B.Enoughexistingtechnologiesforfurtherexploration.C.Newdiscoveriesoftheuniverseprovedtobewrong.D.Ourincompleteanduncertainknowledgeoftheuniverse.33.WhydoestheauthorusethestorytoldbyPlato?A.Toletustrulyrealizethecrueltyofreality.B.Tocheerfortheheroicdeedsofpursuingfreedom.C.Toinspireustoexploremoreabouttheunknownworld.D.Toproveourunfamiliarityandprejudiceabouttheworld.34.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthearticle?A.Makingnaturetakeitscourseimprovesourlives.B.Pastknowledgepreventsusbuildinganewworld.C.Exploringtheuniversemakesourlifemeaningful.D.Discoveringtheuniversealotwillcauseconfusion.35.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheReasonsforLearningtoPeopleB.TheSignificanceofExploringtheUnknownC.TheEffectofKnowledgeonHumanBeingsD.TheEagernessforKnowledgeoftheUnknown第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theworldisdiverse,withavarietyoflanguages,skincolors,andculturescoexisting.36Awaytodevelopthisappreciationistotrytolearnaboutotherculturesaroundtheworld.Therearemanywaystogainunderstandingofdiversecultures. 37 Bydoingso,peoplegainagoodunderstandingofthefood,music,language,religion,andwayofalifeofaparticulargroupofpeople.Forexample,ifyouwanttointroduceyourstudentstoadifferentculture,youcanfrequentlyreadthemstoriesinspiredbythatculture’sfolktales.38Avarietyoflanguage-learningbooks,software,andaudioprogramsareavailableatthepubliclibraryorbookstores.Apersoncanchoosealanguagetolearnandfindlearningprogramstomasterthelanguage.Besides,onecanenrollinforeignlanguageclassinordertolearninamoreformalsetting.Onecanalsotrytovisitareasofthecitytoestablishsocialconnectionwithnativespeakersofthelanguage.3940WhetheryouwanttolearnmoreaboutregionsinJapan,theMiddleEast,Africa,oranyotherworldculture,becomingfamiliarwithitsfoodisagiantstepintherightdirection.Foodisanimportantpartofdifferentculturesandallowspeopletounderstandaparticularculturalgroup’swayoflife.A.Masteringalanguagetakeseffortbutitcanberewarding.B.Understandingotherculturesbenefitsindividualsandsociety.C.Onemethodistoreadbooksbyauthorsfromaspecificculture.D.Forpersonalgrowth,it’simportanttoappreciatediversecultures.E.Goingtolocalbookstorescanbefuntoexploredifferentcultures.F.Learningaforeignlanguageisalsoagoodwaytolearndifferentcultures.G.Learnaboutdifferentculturesbytryingfoodfromaspecificculturalgroup.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AsIgrewup,momentswithMumwerepainfullyshortbecauseIspentmostoftheyearatmyboardingschool.Yetthewarmthshegavemekeptus41.However,asImovedfurtherthosesweetmomentsgradually42.Soon,weeklyphonecallsfilledwithsmalltalkweretoo43toeverdevelopintorealtalks,andrealfeelings.Her 44 pointsofviewandoldadviceforcedmeto 45 her.ButthemoreIpulledawayfromher,themoreIfeltemptiness,a46forthebond(联系)thathadgrownsoweak.Thentherecamea47.Mumwasanartstudent.When48theArtScienceMuseum,Isignedupforadrawingactivity,49hopingproducingsomethingtogetherwouldhelpusconnect.Asourcreativejuicesflowed,ourfadedrelationshipbeganto50gradually.“Lookthere!”Mumsaidexcitedly,51 thedigitalscreenshowingthefishwehad52,reachingoutandtouchingitasifdoingsowouldbringittolife.Thatmomentarylookatmymother’schildlike53,andthatunusualcasewheresheshowedtheinnerinnocence(纯真)andjoy,indicatedthelittlegirlinherhearthadbrokenawayfromthe54ofadulthoodandmotherhood.Istoodthere,withtearsinmyeyes,knowingourbond55againandthatlifedidcomefullcircle.41.A.independentB.comfortableC.normalD.connected42.A.increasedB.fadedC.markedD.occurred43.A.rushedB.inspiringC.toughD.fascinating44.A.mistakenB.specialC.generalD.inflexible45.A.acceptB.refuseC.distanceD.hate46.A.tasteB.reasonC.concernD.desire47.A.testB.chanceC.responseD.message48.A.praisingB.exploringC.findingD.checking49.A.proudlyB.regularlyC.secretlyD.anxiously50.A.reactB.remainC.indicateD.appear51.A.searchingB.changingC.approachingD.tapping52.A.drawnB.fedC.caughtD.carved53.A.actionB.fearC.directnessD.faith54.A.pleasuresB.principlesC.responsibilitiesD.adventures55.A.updatedB.breathedC.leaptD.floated第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。ThesouthernareaofJiangxiprovincehasbeenproducingteaforhundredsofyears.Villagersthereoftenliketosingsongswhile56(pick)tealeaves.Thebeautifulsoundsecho(回响)overtheteagardensinthehills.Afterover400yearsof57(develop),thispracticehaschangedintoaperformanceart.Thetea-pickingoperaisaculturaltraditionofJiangxiprovincewithahistoryofmorethan400years.Theopera58beseenonspecialoccasionssuchasChineseNewYear,59thelocalsarelookingtowishforwell-beingandagoodharvest.Tea-pickingoperainsouthernJiangxiprovinceisacombinationoffolksongs,dancingandstorytelling.60(it)repertoire(全部剧目)isnotaboutroyalfamiliesorgovernmentofficials,butaboutthedailylivesoflocalpeople.AfterthefoundingofNewChina,musicianscreatedanumberofsongs[61](base)ontea-pickingtunes(曲调)andtooktheoperatoabiggerstage.Inthe1950s,thepopularsong"SeetheRedArmyoff"62(create)bydrawinginspirationfromoneofthe63(tradition)tunesofthesouthernJiangxitea-pickingopera.86yearsago,withthesametune,motherssawofftheirsons,andwivessawofftheirhusbandsfortheLongMarch.In2006,itwaslisted[64](1)anintangible(非物质的)culturalheritageinChina.65(keep)thetraditionbetterandpassitonfromgenerationtogeneration,thelocalgovernmenthasprovidedfreeeducationforteenagersinlovewithtea-pickingopera.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假设你校英文报正在开展分享读书经历的征文活动,请以“WhatReadingBringsMe"为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:1.你的读书经历;2.你的读书收获。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WhatReadingBringsMe第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onmytwelfthbirthda