浙江省宁波市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末九校联考英语试卷（含答案）

第第页浙江省宁波市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末九校联考英语试卷一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳答案。SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisitBritainhasover18,000milesofcoastlinetoexplore:fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts,towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins（海鹦）,dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading,here'swheretosplash,surf,dive,swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores.WhyweloveKent?Fromice-creamshopstotownsthatareonthemapforcutting-edgefoodandart,the'GardenofEngland'ismeantfordiscovery.JustashorthopfromLondontakesyoutoMargate-hometotheTurnerContemporarygalleryandDreamlandthemepark.TuckintodeliciousoystersandotherseafoodinWhitstableortrybohemianRamsgateforaweekendaway.Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs,orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle,LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral.WhywelovetheJurassicCoast?Welcometodinosaurterritory.Over200millionyearsold,theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks,bikeridesandpicnics.Butthat'snotall.This95-milecoastlinealsoofferscountlesswaystoexplore:fromkayakingbetweenthechalk-whitetowersofOldHarryRocksandswimminginWestBay'sclearwaters,towatchingthesunsetovertheseafromPortlandBillLighthouse.Whereveryouventure,here'swhattolookoutfor,andthebestplacestostay.WhywelovetheWalesCoastPath.Thisisn'tjustawalkingtrail-it'stheroutetoadventure,culture,wildlifeandmore,servingup870milesofbreathtakingseaviews,gloriousbeaches,wildflower-toppedcliffsandcharmingharbourvillages.EvenashortwalkisastartingpointtodiscoverthetreasuresofcoastalWales:fromsurfing,sailingandswimming,tohorse-ridingonbeachesandcyclingthroughforests.Youdon'thavetobealong-distancehikertoenjoytheWalesCoastPath:wildlifelovers,thrillseekers,daytrippers-thisone'sforyou.1．WhichofthefollowingmaybethereasonwhypeoplevisitKent?A．Itsthrillingseasports. B．Itslonghikingpath.C．Itsdiversewildlife. D．Itsoldbuildings.2．Whichdestinationmayattractthoseinterestedinstudyingtheremainsofancientcreatures?A．Kent. B．TheJurassicCoast.C．Margate. D．TheWalesCoastPath.3．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Ageographymagazine.C．Alocalnewspaper. D．Anentertainmentweekly.阅读理解Whentheparcelarrives,theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild-butnotthistime.ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.Thecompany,TeamRepair,hasbeenfoundedbyfiveengineeringgraduatesfromImperialCollegeLondon.Havingbegunasauniversityproject,itsultimategoalistosteerchildrenintocareersinscienceandtonurture（培养）anewgenerationofengineersandinventors."Everymonth,we'llsendchildrenanelectronicgadgetwithacarefullyplannedfault,"saidPatrickMcGuckian,22,thechiefoperatingofficer."Theideaisthattheylearnkeyrepairskills,andthattheyalsolearnthescienceandtechnologybehindhowthecomponentsinsideitwork."ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear."Meanwhile,theUKhasaStem[science,technology,engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting£1.5billionayear,"McGuckiansaid."Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems."Theservice-currentlyinatestingphase-willcost£28amonth,witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended,youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair,andalsominisciencelessons."Asasocietywe'vebeentunedtoreplaceratherthanrepair,"McGuckiansaid."Wewanttoencourageadifferentmindsetinthenextgeneration-andontopofthat,wewantthemtobecreative,tobeengineers,tobeinventorsthatsolvethebiggestproblems."4．Whydoestheauthormentiontheremote-controlledcarinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopic. B．Topresentafact.C．Tomakeacomparison. D．Toexplainapoint.5．What'stheaimofsettingupthecompanyTeamRepair?A．Toprovidechildrenwithfaultytoys.B．Toreducetheuseofelectronicitems.C．TohelpchildrenlearnStemskillsforfree.D．Toequipchildrenwiththeabilitytorepair.6．Whatwillchildrengetiftheysignupfortheservice?A．Thegadgetafterbeingrepaired.B．Face-to-faceguidancetomend.C．Someminisciencelessonsonline.D．Afaultyelectronicgadgetweekly.7．Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．BrokenToysHaveaGoodPlacetoGoB．TeamRepairforYoungPeoplewasSetUpC．TheAbilitytoFixGadgetsistobeImprovedD．BrokenToysOfferNeatFixforSkillsShortage阅读理解Itisn'tjustpeoplewhogetroadrage.Robins,akindofsmallbrownEuropeanbird,inthecountrysidebecomemoreaggressivewhentheyhearthesoundoftraffic,accordingtoastudy.Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory,theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway,andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers,beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack.Previousstudieshadfoundthatrobinslivingincitiesweremorephysicallyaggressivethantheirruralcousins.Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatnoisepollutioncouldplayapart.Toexploretheconnection,scientistsfromUKandTurkeyputa3D-printedplasticmodelofarobinonanotherrobin'splaceattwolocations:anurbanparkinIstanbulthatwasclosetobusyroads,andaquietwoodedareaoutsidethecity.Themodelintruder（闯入者）wasalsoequippedwithrecordingsofrobinsongs.Then,throughaseparatespeakernearby,theyaddedtrafficnoise."Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive,forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely,"saidDrÇaglarAkcay,thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto"sitout"temporaryincreasesinnoise.Akcayandhisteambelievedthatthetrafficnoisewasinterferingwithrobins'naturalcommunicationthroughsong."Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats,suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment,maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic（声音的）signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds,"hesaid.8．Whatkindofbirdarerobins?A．Mild. B．Competitive. C．Cooperative. D．Graceful.9．Howdidthescientistsconductthestudy?A．Byanalyzingpreviousresearchdata.B．Bycitingthefamousscientists'words.C．Bycomparingrobins'differentresponses.D．Byrecordingthemodelintruder'sbehavior.10．Whenexposedtoextratrafficnoise,howmayurbanrobinsreact?A．Singnotasfrequentlyasusual.B．Wardtherivalawaybysingingmore.C．Swaymoreviolentlyfromsidetoside.D．Approachthemodelbirdmoreclosely.11．WhatisAkcay'sattitudetothefutureofrobins?A．Unclear. B．Indifferent. C．Optimistic. D．Concerned.阅读理解Formorethanacentury,PaulCézanne(1839-1906)hasbeencelebratedasanartist'sartist.Fornearlyaslong,thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde（前卫派思想）.Butthecurators（负责人）ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings.Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow,whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern,eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion:WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape,stilllife,portrait,andfigurepainting,hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke,buildingeachimagesensationbysensation.Unlikeotherartists,Cézanneseems"lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture,"saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes.InpaintingssuchasStillLifeWithApples(1893-94),"standardrulesofperspectiveareoverthrownandtheobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable."ButtheimpactthatCézannehadisobviousinthisshow,which"goestogreatlengths"tohighlightwhichworkswerecollectedbyfellowartists,saidJ.S.MarcusinTheWallStreetJournal.ClaudeMonet,PabloPicasso,andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes,andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers,afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom.Thefiguresintheseworks"oftenhaveanimpassive（冷漠的）quality,leadingmanycriticstowonderifhefilledhiscelebratedappleswithgreateremotionthanhishumansubjects."ButnotthattheshowtellsyouhowtointerpretCézannes."It'suptoyoutowindyourownway.It'swhatCézannedid,afterall."12．WhatcanwelearnaboutCézanne?A．Hepaintedabout80oilpaintingsinhislifetime.B．HewasthecuratorofthelargestgalleryinFrance.C．HewasagreatFrenchpost-impressionistinthe1800s.D．Hewasapioneerinpaintingwithmoderntechnologies.13．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"overthrown"inparagraph3?A．Abandoned. B．Established. C．Obeyed. D．Created.14．WhatcanbeinferredaboutCézanne'sworks?A．Thefiguresinhisworksarefullofemotions.B．Hisworkswerelovedbymanyfellowartists.C．Thethemeofhisearlyworkswasrelatedtoreligion.D．HisworksarebeingexhibitedinTateModerninLondon.15．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．WorksofCézanne. B．ThelifestoryofCézanne.C．AnexhibitionofCézanne. D．PaintingskillsofCézanne.二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheHealingPowerofWaterIthasbeenaroughfewyear.Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted,burnedout,strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives.16．Neuroscientistssaythatspendingtimenearoceans,lakes,riversandotherbluespacescanprovidearangeofbenefitsincludingreducinganxiety,easingmentalfatigueandrefreshingus.Participatinginwateractivitiessuchasswimmingorsurfingcanhelpusentera"flowstate,"wherewebecomefullyimmersedinwhatwe'redoing.17．Whenwebecomeskilledatanactivity,ourbrainchanges,makingiteveneasiertoenterastateofflowinthefuture.Bodiesofwateralsocanproduceaglorioussenseofawe-theemotionalresponsetosomethingvastthatexpandsandchallengeshowweseetheworld.18．Waterhasspecialpropertiesthatmayboostnature'spositiveimpact.19．Itssmellcanprovokepositivememoriesandassociations.Whenwearenearwater,thereisoftenlessvisualandauditoryinformationtoprocess.Ourmindcanrest.Whenwe'refloatinginwater,ourbodiescanresttoo,inawaywenevercanonland.20．Itmovesrhythmically,producingaplayoflight,colorandsoundthatisspellbinding.Itholdsourattention,butnotinanoverlydemandingway.Researcherscallthissoftfascination.Itgivesourbrainsabreakfromtheintense,focusedattentionthatmuchofdailyliferequires.A.Mostimportant:Waterisdynamic.B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp.C.Thesoundofwater,typicallysteadyandsoft,soothesus.D.Wecanspendtimeonthewateranywhere,anytimeinourmind.E.Thiscalmsthemind,whichisoftenabsorbedbyworryandanxiety.F.It'snotjustourbodiesthatneedtheelementoflife-it'sourmindstoo.G.Suchsenseofawecandecreasestressandhelpusputthingsintoperspective.三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IntotheRapidsWyattandhisteamwereontheArkansasRiver,paddling（划桨）throughoneofColorado'sdeepestcanyons.Brody,theirguidehad21．themthatsomepartsofthestreamwouldberapid.Justsecondsearlier,theyhad22．anotherrafttrappedonarockbyintentionallyhittingit.Butthemomentum（冲力）hadcausedtheirownrafttoentersome23．rapidstooquickly.Beforetheycoulddoanything,theraft24．intothecanyonwall.Astheybouncedback,Wyattlosthis25．andwasthrownbackward,rightintothe26．.Thewatertossedhimaroundviolently,buthecaughtbreathswheneverhecould.Lookingoverhisshoulder,he27．toseeBrodythrowinghimthelifeline,buthe'dalreadymoved50yardsaheadoftheraft.Heknewhehadtogetoutofthissituationhimself."Dn't28．."Wyatttoldhimself,tryingtorememberthesafetytalkBrodyhadgiventothem.Herolledontohisback,pointinghisfeetdownstreamtocushion（缓冲）anypossible29．.Whentheriver30．foramoment,Wyattwasabletocatchhisbreath.Aroundthe31．,hesawastretchofriverbank.Thenhesawsomethingevenmore32．:theraftthey'dfreedearlierwaspulledupalongsidetheriverbank.Itscrew33．Wyattandstartedwavingcrazily."Swim!"theyshouted."Swimtous!"Hishopesignited,Wyatt34．ontohisstomachandswam.Hegaveiteverythinghehad.Finally,hefeltstronghandsgrabbingholdofhislifevestand35．himfromtheriver.21．A．inspired B．cautioned C．convinced D．ensured22．A．freed B．challenged C．grasped D．checked23．A．messy B．steady C．tricky D．clumsy24．A．broke B．crashed C．fell D．marched25．A．breath B．temper C．sight D．balance26．A．raft B．wall C．riverbank D．rapids27．A．expected B．failed C．tended D．pretended28．A．complain B．hesitate C．panic D．suspect29．A．fish B．rocks C．grass D．shells30．A．flowed B．roared C．rose D．quieted31．A．bottom B．clock C．bend D．woods32．A．promising B．disappointing C．rewarding D．demanding33．A．overlooked B．impressed C．betrayed D．spotted34．A．dived B．climbed C．rolled D．pressed35．A．dragging B．distracting C．sheltering D．dismissing.四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Atraditionalfestivalcloselyrelatedtospring,whichhadremainedsilentforcenturies,isbackinbloom,thanksto36．(grow)enthusiasmfortraditionalChinesecultureand37．increasingdemandforseasonalsightseeingtours.HuazhaoFestivalissaidtobecelebratedasthebirthdayoftheflowergoddess38．thesecondmonthontheChineselunarcalendar.Itsorigincan39．(trace)totheperiodbeforetheQinDynasty(221-206BC)andwas40．(official)setasafestivalduringtheSui(581-618)andTang(618-907)dynasties.DuringtheTangDynasty,thefestival,41．wasoneofthethreenationwidecelebrationsbackthen,fellonthe15thdayofthesecondlunarmonth.TheothertwowereLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonthandMid-AutumnFestivalonthe15thdayofeighthlunarmonth.However,thetimingofthefestival42．(vary)betweenregions,becauseofthedifferencein43．floweringbegins.Asaresult,manypartsofthecountrytaketurns44．(launch)theircelebrationsasifpresentingafeastfortheeyesinrelay.Despitevarioushighlights,thisMarchthefestivecelebrationsacrossdifferentregionsspontaneouslysharedthefeaturesofhanfu—atraditionalChinesestyleofclothing-andflora（植物群）45．(appreciate).五、书面表达46．假定你是某国际学校学生会的负责人李华,最近学校发起了"阳光乐跑（SunshineFunRun）"打卡活动,你将在晨会上发言,号召全校同学参加。请就此写一份发言稿,内容包括：

●活动目的：

●乐跑要求；

●发出倡议。

参考词汇打卡：punchin注意：

●写作词数应为80左右；

●请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThelittlebirdpercheditselfonthetreebranchoutsideVanessa'sbedroomwindow.Ittrilled（啼啭）anenergeticsongasthefirstpaleyellowraysofsunshinepeekedoverthehorizon."Ohmygosh,whatisthatnoise?"shecomplainedtoherself,pullingherbedsheetsoverherheadinanattempttodrownoutthechirping.Itwasnouse,andsheknewit.Theloudtweetingsignaledthecomingoftheday.Toconfirmit,Vanessa'smomknockedtwiceonherdoor,andthencameinwithasmile."Timetogetup,Sleepyhead,"shewhispered."Theearlybirdcatchestheworm,youknow.""Ugh,"mumbledVanessaintoherpillow."Whatdoesthatevenmean?""It'sjustanexpression,Honey,"hermomreplied.ShegaveVanessaakissonthecheekandurgedhertogetoutofbed.Vanessarolledoverandsleptforafewmoreminutes.Vanessashuffledherwaydownstairsforbreakfast,ateslowly,andmissedherbus.Whenshefinallygottoschool,shehadmissedattendanceandhadtogetalatepass.Shemissedthefirstpartofmathclass,soshedidn'tunderstandthelessonandhadtogetextrahelp.Herteachergaveherextrahomeworktomakesuresheknewit.Thisdaywasnofun.Thenextmorning,Vanessawaswokenupbythesameloud,twitteringsong.Insteadofignoringit,todayVanessawalkedovertothewindowandopenedthecurtains.Softlightfilledtheroom."Well,hellothere,littlefellow,"shesaidwhenshesawtheprettybirdoutside,stillchirpinghappily.Itwasstartledbyhervoiceandflewdowntolandonthefreshdewofthemorninggrass.Asshewatched,thebirdcockeditshead,plungeditsbeakintothewetground,andpluckedoutawigglingwormforbreakfast.注意：●续写词数应为150左右；

●请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:"Hmm,"thoughtVanessa,"maybeIcantrybeinganearlybirdforonce."Paragraph2:

Vanessacouldn'thelphummingamerrytoneonherwayhome.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些英国海岸旅游目的地。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据WhyweloveKent?部分中的"Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs,orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle,LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral."在Broadstairs的糖果色海滩小屋中放松，或者在历史悠久的多佛城堡，利兹城堡或坎特伯雷大教堂周围带着过去的活力。可知，人们访问肯特郡的原因是古建筑。故选D。2．考查细节理解。根据WhywelovetheJurassicCoast?部分中的"Over200millionyearsold,theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks,bikeridesandpicnics."侏罗纪海岸的海滩和岩石有超过2亿年的历史，到处都是古老的化石和脚印——你可以在散步、骑自行车和野餐时发现它们。可知，侏罗纪海岸会吸引那些对研究古代生物遗骸感兴趣的人。故选B。3．考查推理判断。根据本文标题"SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisit"一些顶级海岸旅游目的地；以及第一段"Britainhasover18,000milesofcoastlinetoexplore:fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts,towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins(海鹦),dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading,here'swheretosplash,surf,dive,swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores."英国有超过18000英里的海岸线可供探索:从白色柔软的沙滩和充满活力的海滨度假胜地，到满是海雀、海豚和各种刺激的野生自然保护区。无论你要去哪里，这里都是在英国海岸上玩水花、冲浪、潜水、游泳——甚至晒日光浴的地方。可推知，文章选自旅行册。故选A。【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了英国一家公司的最新设想，该公司是由伦敦帝国理工学院的五名工程专业毕业生创立的。该公司每个月给孩子们送一个精心设计的电子产品，鼓励他们尝试修理电子设备，并了解它们是如何工作的。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Whentheparcelarrives,theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild—butnotthistime."当包裹到达时，里面的遥控汽车坏了。这很容易导致一个不快乐的孩子——但这次不会；以及第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."这个方案来自于一家英国初创公司，它希望让英国的年轻人掌握一项濒危的技能：在电子产品出故障时修理它们的能力。其目的是鼓励10到14岁的孩子尝试修理电子设备，并了解它们是如何工作的，方法是给他们送一些有缺陷的玩具，让他们自己拆开修理。可知，第一段提到坏掉的遥控汽车，是为了引出最后一句"但这次不会"；而"但这次不会"则指的是第二段一家英国公司的方案。可推断，第一段提到遥控汽车坏了，是为了引出文章的主题。故选A。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."这个方案来自于一家英国初创公司，它希望让英国的年轻人掌握一项濒危的技能：在电子产品出故障时修理它们的能力。其目的是鼓励10到14岁的孩子尝试修理电子设备，并了解它们是如何工作的，方法是给他们送一些有缺陷的玩具，让他们自己拆开修理。可知，这个方案的目的是希望孩子能够学会在电子产品出故障时修理它们的能力。故选D。6．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Theservice—currentlyinatestingphase—willcost£28amonth,witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended,youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair,andalsominisciencelessons."这项服务目前还处于测试阶段，每月费用为28英镑，每个工具包的设计目的是让一个孩子有几个小时的时间。一旦一个小工具修好了，你就把它寄回去，这样它就可以再次坏掉，让别人来修理。还有一个应用程序可以提供如何进行维修的指导，以及小型科学课程。可知，如果孩子注册参与这个项目，他们每个月会得到一个玩具，还有应用程序提供维修指导和小型科学课程。故选C。7．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."这个方案来自于一家英国初创公司，它希望让英国的年轻人掌握一项濒危的技能：在电子产品出故障时修理它们的能力。其目的是鼓励10到14岁的孩子尝试修理电子设备，并了解它们是如何工作的，方法是给他们送一些有缺陷的玩具，让他们自己拆开修理；以及第四段"ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear.‘Meanwhile,theUKhasaStem[science,technology,engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting£1.5billionayear,'McGuckiansaid.‘Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems.''"据估计，英国每年有200万吨的电器和电子产品被丢弃。"与此同时，英国的Stem(科学、技术、工程和数学)技能短缺每年耗资15亿英镑，"McGuckian说。"我们希望帮助解决这两个问题。"可知，本文介绍了一家公司，该公司每个月给孩子们送一个精心设计的电子产品，鼓励他们尝试修理电子设备，并了解它们是如何工作的。公司的创办者希望能够通过这个项目，解决电子产品被丢弃以及技能短缺这两个问题。"坏玩具为技能短缺提供了一个很好的解决方案"适合做文章的标题。故选D。【答案】8．B9．C10．A11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现生活在城市的知更鸟比它们在农村的表亲更具攻击性，并介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory,theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway,andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers,beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack."当一只知更鸟不请自来地来到另一只鸟的领地时，它们会调整自己的歌声来赶走对手，并采取视觉表现，包括左右摇摆，威胁地露出红色的胸毛，然后再靠近，甚至发动攻击。可知，知更鸟是好胜的鸟。故选B。9．考查推理判断。根据第四段"‘Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive,forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely,'saidDrÇağlarAkçay,thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto‘sitout'temporaryincreasesinnoise."该研究的主要作者ÇağlarAkçay博士说："在通常安静的环境中，我们发现额外的交通噪音会导致农村知更鸟变得更具攻击性，例如更接近模型鸟。但是，当它们给城市里的鸟儿播放额外的交通噪音时，它们并没有变得更有攻击性——相反，它们的反应是更少地鸣叫，这表明它们可能已经学会了"不听"暂时增加的噪音，可知，科学家们通过比较知更鸟的不同反应进行这项研究。故选C。10．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto‘sitout'temporaryincreasesinnoise."但是，当它们给城市里的鸟儿播放额外的交通噪音时，它们并没有变得更有攻击性——相反，它们的反应是更少地鸣叫，这表明它们可能已经学会了"不听"暂时增加的噪音。可知，当暴露在额外的交通噪音中，城市知更鸟唱歌不像平时那么频繁。故选A。11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats,suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment,maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic(声音的)signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds,'hesaid."他说："城市栖息地日夜存在的高水平噪音，比如来自交通或建筑设备的噪音，可能会永久干扰声音信号的有效传输，这可能是城市知更鸟通常比农村鸟类更具攻击性的关键原因。"可推知，Akçay对知更鸟的未来感到担忧。故选D。【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了19世纪伟大的法国后印象派画家Cézanne（塞尚）及其作品的特色。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Fornearlyaslong,thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde(前卫派思想).Butthecurators(负责人)ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings."几乎同样长的时间里，这位来自普罗旺斯艾克斯的银行家之子一直被认为是20世纪前卫艺术的奠基人。但是，自1997年以来规模最大的Cézanne展览的策展人认为，只要更仔细地观察这位伟大的法国后印象派画家的画作，就可以了解更多关于他的东西。可知，Cézanne是19世纪伟大的法国后印象派画家。故选C。13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"Unlikeotherartists,Cézanneseems‘lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture,'saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes."《芝加哥太阳报》的KyleMacMillan说，与其他艺术家不同，Cézanne似乎"不太关心他在描绘什么，而更关心他是如何构建一幅画的"；以及"theobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable"物体看起来就像要从桌子上滑下来一样。可知，之前透视的标准规则被摒弃了，物体看起来就像要从桌子上滑下来一样。划线词overthrown意思是"摒弃、抛弃"，故选A。14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"ClaudeMonet,PabloPicasso,andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes,andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers,afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom."ClaudeMonet、PabloPicasso和HenriMatisse都拥有Cézanne的作品，JasperJohns把Cézanne的一幅女性游泳者的画作借给了这次展览，这是这位早期艺术家最喜欢的主题，将在本次展览的最后一个展厅展出。可推知，Cézanne的作品受到许多同行艺术家的喜爱。故选B。15．考查主旨大意。根据第二段"Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow,whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern,eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion:WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape,stilllife,portrait,andfigurepainting,hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke,buildingeachimagesensationbysensation."这次展览展出的80幅油画将在伦敦泰特现代美术馆展出，其中有8幅油画经过红外x射线和其他成像技术的检测，以确定他是如何做出每一个标记的。策展人的结论是：Cézanne之所以能成为先驱和持久的灵感，是因为在每一幅风景画、静物画、肖像画和人物画中，他都试图用每一笔来传达情感，用每一种感觉来构建每一种图像感觉。结合文章主要介绍了19世纪伟大的法国后印象派画家Cézanne及其作品的特色，可知，本文介绍了Cézanne的作品。故选A。【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了水的性能和功能。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted,burnedout,strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives."我们中的许多人都发现自己筋疲力尽，精疲力竭，挣扎着在生活中重新建立平衡。可知，我们需要恢复精力。B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp."我们需要重新充电，水可以帮助我们。"承接上文，符合语境，故选B。17．根据空前"Partic