北京市海淀区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

第第页北京市海淀区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷一、第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Whenmostteenagershisagearepreppingforcompetitiveexamsortrainingtobeathletes.HenryBurner,strugglingwithdyslexia(阅读障碍),decidedtocharthisownrouteforsuccess.Attheageof10,hisclass1．atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.Hismomsuggestedmakingcupcakes,butBurnerrefused."Mom,thebakedgoodsmarketisgoingtobetotallyoversaturated(过度饱和的).Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.Weneedtomakesomething2．."Sohepulledouthismom'soldbuttonmachineandmadebuttons.WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom."CanImakeitarealbusiness?"Thatwasthe3．ofButtonsmith,aretailcompanywhichnowhasover10,000productsavailable.Alongwithhisregularschooling,Burnerplayedalargeroleinthecompany'sstrategicdecisionmakingand4．hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.Buttonsmithstartedfromthefarmer'smarketbeforegoingonlineand5．,developingitsownwebsite.Aftergoingonline,Buttonsmith'ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,andthatwasa(n)6．point.Sincethenhehasgreatly7．productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.Startingwithbuttons,thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct8．andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.Tostayaheadofcompetitors,BurnerhasoptimizeButtonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing9．.andmakessuretheproductsareinthecustomers'handswithintwodays.Aftercreatinganimpressiveretailcompanyathome.Buttonsmithisstrategizingtospreadits10．toothercountries."Hovebeinganentrepreneur."concludedBurner.1．A．ran B．spotted C．decorated D．swept2．A．stable B．portable C．durable D．flexible3．A．mission B．initiation C．advantage D．performance4．A．killed B．delayed C．balanced D．invested5．A．eventually B．hesitantly C．frequently D．accidentally6．A．regular B．temporary C．crucial D．urgent7．A．slided B．poured C．packed D．expanded8．A．costs B．sizes C．offerings D．suppliers9．A．shipped B．placed C．deleted D．tracked10．A．roots B．wishes C．taste D．research二、第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分.共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。GiantpandaFuBaoarrivedinChengdu.SichuanProvinceonApril3rd,2024.afterlivinginSouthKoreaforover3years.Largescreenswerelitup11．(welcome)FuBaohome.Theselargescreenadvertisements12．(purchase)bydozensoffans.FuBaoisthefirstgiantpandaborninSouthKoreaandasuccessfulcaseofoverseasbreeding.Sincethe1990s,China13．(conduct)giantpandaconservationcooperationandresearchwithinstitutionsinothercountries.Currently,therearealocalof49giantpandasabroad.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Around90%ofroadaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors,andself-drivingcarswithAIaimtosolvetheproblem.14．theycandoisnokeepvehiclehardwarehealthybydrivingstrategicallyandsafely.Inthisway,trafficviolationsandfinescanbeavoided,15．canhelpsavecosts.Driversalsobenefitfromthe16．(integrate)ofAItechnologyduringlongtripsastheycanrestwhilethecar'ssystemtakescareofdriving.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Assummervacationapproaches,studytoursofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentshavebecomepopular.17．(absorb)inacademicstudiesatschool,studentsareleftwithlittleroomforactivitiessuchaspracticallabororhands-onexperience.Duringthestudytours,theycome18．groupstomajorattractions,museumsandfarmstolearnwhilesightseeing.Educationaltripsofferstudentsprecious19．(opportunity)tobecomemoreindependent.By20．(engage)inindependentlivingandproblemsolvingwithpeers,studentscanlearntonavigatereal-lifesituations.三、第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Whenfacingthetaskofdecidingyourmajor,youshouldrememberthatthedecisionyoumakedoesn'tmeanyouareonlydestinedforonepath.QUESTIONSTOASKYOURSELFASYOUMAKEYOURDECISION●DoIhaveacareerinmind?Althoughyourmajordoesnotnecessarilydictateyourcareer,somejobsdorequireacertainfieldofstudy.Ifyouhaveyourfuturecareerinmind,doyourresearchandfindouttheeducationrequirements.Ifyouareatalosswithwhatyouwanttodo,goaheadandresearchdifferentcareerfields.Acertainjobmightpiqueyourinterest,andthatcouldpromptyoutopickacertainmajor.●Howmuchdoesmoneymatter?Somemajorsdohavehigherpotentialearningsthanothers.Ifearningalotofmoneyisaprimarygoalforyou,searchformajorsthatpayoffwell.FeelfreetoreachouttotheCareerCenterformoreinformationonhigher-earningmajorsandcareers.●WhatdoIlovetodo?Ifyoulovewhatyoustudy,youwillbemorelikelytopayfullattentiontoyourclasses.whichwillprobablyleadtobettergradesandvaluableconnectionsinthefield.Alsoyouwillfindyourcollegeyearsmorefulfillingifyoucultivateyourpassion!TIPSFORDISCOVERINGWHATINTERESTSYOU●Exploredifferentcourses!Don'ttakerandomfreeelectivesjusttomeetthecreditrequirementforgraduation.Exploredifferentsubjects!Bybranchingoutofwhatyouknow,youmaydiscoveranunexpectedaptitudeforsportmanagement,orrealizethatyoulovepsychology!Maybeanelectivecoursecouldleadyoutoyourmajor.●MeetwithaCDCstaffmember!YourCareerDevelopmentCenter(CDC)iseagertohelpyou!MeetwithapeerCareerAmbassadortotalkaboutyourcareergoalsandtheoptionsforyou.Alsoconsiderschedulinganappointmentwithaprofessionalstaffmembertodiscusspotentialcareerpaths,internships(实习),andmore!●UtilizetheCDC'sonlineresources!CDCoffersmanyonlineresourcesforself-assessmentandcareersearch.Wemakerecommendationsformajorsandcareersbasedonyouranswers!Seepage6formoredetailsofwhatwehavetooffer!21．Ifyoudon'tknowwhattochooseasyourfuturecareer,youneedto____.A．cultivatearelatedhobbyB．aimforwell-paidjobsC．considertheeducationrequirementsD．investigatedifferentfields22．Accordingtothepassage,CDCcould____.A．givemajor-relatedadviceB．establishinternshipprogrammesC．defineyourfuturecareergoalsD．selectanelectivecourseforyou23．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Aresearchpaper. B．Acommercialpost.C．Acollegebrochure. D．Arecruitmentnotice.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Foodpackagingfromaroundtheworldcontainsatleast68"foreverchemicals"thatcanseepintowhatweeat.anewstudyfinds.And61ofthemarenotevensupposedtobeusedinsuchproducts."It'snotclearwhythelatterchemicals,whicharenotonlistsofthoseauthorizedforuseinfoodcontainers,areinsuchpackaging."saysthestudy'sauthorBirgitGeueke.Thestudyfocusedonaclassofchemicalscalledperfluoroalkylandpolyfluoronlkylsubstances(PFASs),whicharesometimescalled"foreverchemicals"becausetheydon'tbreakdownreadilyintheenvironmentorinthebody.That'sbecausetheircharacteristiccarbon-fluorinebondisoneofthestrongestinnature.Fordecades,thesesubstanceshavebeenusedinawiderangeofconsumerproducts,fromcookwaretopesticidestocosmetics,becausetheyareproofagainstwaterandgrease.GeuekeandherteamfoundamismatchbetweenwhattheydetectedinactualproductsandadatabaseofPFASchemicalsauthorizedforuseinfoodpackaging.About140PFASsareknowntobeusedinfoodpackaging,butonlysevenofthe68chemicalsinthestudywereonthislist.Geuekesaysit'sunclearhoworwhytheother61chemicalsturnedup.DavidAndrews,achemistandtoxicologistatanonprofitenvironmentaladvocacyorganization,suggestsit'spossiblethatunknownimpuritiesemergedduringthemanufacturingoftheauthorizedchemicalsorthattheauthorizedPFASsdegradeovertime.Thisclassofchemicalsincludesmanylong-chainmolecules,andtheycanbreakintoshorterchainsthataresimplydifferenttypesofPFASs.PFASshavebeenfoundinhumanbloodandbreastmilk,drinkingwater,soilandotherstartlingplacesaroundtheworld.ExposuretosomeofthemoststudiedPFASshasbeenassociatedwithcancer.reproductiveproblemsandlessenedresponsestovaccines."There'sanincrediblebodyofscientificevidencelinkingPFASchemicalstohealthharm,"saysAndrews.ManycountriesareevaluatingrestrictionsofPFASsinfoodpackaging.ChemicalindustryrepresentativeshaveadvocatedfordealingwithPFASsasindividualchemicals.Beforepublishingthenewstudy.ScientificAmericanreachedouttotheAmericanChemistryCouncil(ACC).achemistryindustrytradeassociation,aboutit,buttheorganizationdidnotreply.OnitsdedicatedPFASwebpage.ACCnotesthat"allPFASsarenotthesame.Eachindividualchemicalhasitsownuniquepropertiesanduses."AndrewsandGeuekebothsaythepresenceofunknownPFASsinfoodpackagingisgoodreasontoregulatethesechemicalsasasingleclass—apositionsharedwithmanyotherscientificexpertsandenvironmentalprotectiongroups.Therearemorethan12,000knownPFASs,andscientistsdon'tknowmuchaboutmostofthem."OnlysomePFASshaveeverbeentestedfortoxicity(每性),"Geuekesays,and"thereareprobablyotherwaystoproducefoodpackaging."24．WhatcanwelearnaboutPFASsfromthepassage?A．Theyareabletoresistwaterandgrease.B．Theylastlongandneverbreakdown.C．Theycontainthelongestchemicalbond.D．Theyaremainlyusedforfoodpackaging.25．Paragraph3ismainlyabout____.A．thepotentialusageoftheunknownimpuritiesB．theauthorizationoffoodpackagingchemicalsC．thelikelytransformingprocessfromPFASsintonewchemicalsD．thepossibleexplanationforthepresenceofunauthorizedPFASs26．ThewordsonthewebpageinParagraph5mayshowthatACC____.A．hasworkedoutwaystousePFASssafelyindifferentproductsB．agreeswithchemicalindustryrepresentativesregardingPFASsC．hasgottheauthoritativepowerindealingwithPFASsD．supportstestingmoreunknownPFASsfortoxicity27．WhichwouldGeuekeprobablyagreewith?A．LawsshouldbemadetobantheuseofPFASs.B．Foodpackagingalternativesshouldbeexplored.C．Thechemicalsinfoodpackagingshouldbelisted.D．ScientistsshouldcontinuediscoveringnewPFASs.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Athemeatthisyear'sWorldEconomicForum(WEF)meetingwastheperceivedneedto"acceleratebreakthroughsinresearchandtechnology".Someofthisframingwasmotivatedbytheclimateemergency,somebytheopportunitiesandchallengespresentedbygenerativeartificialintelligence.Yetinvariousconversations,itseemedtobetakenforgrantedthattoaddresstheworld'sproblems,scientificresearchneedstomovefaster.TheWEFmindsetresonates(产生共鸣)withtheSiliconValleydictate—usuallycreditedtoMarkZuckerberg—tomovefastandbreakthings.Butwhatifthethingbeingbrokenisscience?Orpublictrust?TheWEFmeetingtookplacejustafortnightafterHarvardUniversityPresidentClaudineCaysteppeddownaftercomplaintsweremadeaboutherscholarship.Gay'stroublescameontheheelsoftheresignationofStanfordUniversityPresidentMareTessier-Lavigne,afteraninternalinvestigationconcludedthathisneuroscienceresearchhad"multipleproblems".Inresponse.Gayrequestedcorrectionstoseveralofherpapers;Tessier-Lavignerequestedretraction(撤回)ofthreeofhis.Althoughitmaybeimpossibletodeterminejusthowwidespreadsuchproblemsreallyare,it'shardtoimaginethatthespectacleofhigh-profilescholarscorrectingandretractingpapershasnothadanegativeimpactonpublictrustinscienceandperhapsinexpertsbroadly.Inrecentyearswe'veseenimportantpapers,writtenbyprominentscientistsandpublishedinprestigiousjournals,retractedbecauseofquestionabledataormethods.Inoneinterestingcase,FrancesH.ArnoldoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,whosharedthe2018NobelPrizeinChemistry,voluntarilyretractedapaperwhenherlabwasunabletoreplicateherresults—butafterthepaperhadbeenpublished.Inanopenapology,shestatedthatshewas"abitbusy"whenthepaperwassubmittedand"didnotdomyjobwell".Arnold'shonestyisadmirable,butitraisesaquestion:Arescholarsatsupercompetitiveplacesreallytakingthetimetodotheirworkright?TheproblemisnotuniquetotheU.S.InEurope,formalresearchassessments—whichareusedtoallocatefuturefunding—haveforyearsjudgedacademicdepartmentslargelyonthequantityoftheiroutput.Duetothefactthattheexistingsystemhascreatedacounterincentivetoadvancementinscience,areformisunderwayurginganemphasisonqualityoverquantity.Goodsciencetakestime.NearlyacenturypassedbetweenbiochemistFriedrichMiescher'sidentificationoftheDNAmoleculeandsuggestionthatitmightbeinvolvedininheritanceandtheelucidationofitsdouble-helixstructureinthe1950s.AndittookjustabouthalfacenturyforgeologistandgeophysiciststoacceptgeophysicistAlfredWegener'sideaofcontinentaldrift.There'splentyofcircumstantialevidencethatscientistsandotherscholarsarepushingresultsoutfarfasterthantheyusedto.Someofthisgrowthisdrivenbymorescientistsandmoreco-authorship(papers,butitalsosuggeststhattheresearchworldhasprioritizedquantityoverquality.Researchedmayneedtoslowdown—notspeedup—ifwearetoproduceknowledgeworthyoftrust.28．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Tessier-LavigneresignedfromSandfordafterGaysteppeddown.B．Gaygavebackherscholarshipsduetostudents'complaints.C．Fasterscientificdevelopmenthasledtoclimatechange.D．Publictrustinsciencemayhavealreadybeenshaken.29．WhyistheexampleofFrancesH.ArnoldmentionedinParagraph4?A．ToquestiontheworksofNobelPrizewinners.B．Toshowthepracticeofpaperretractioniscommon.C．Toindicateeventheinfluentialscientistsareinarush.D．Tohighlightscientists'qualityofhonestyinacademia.30．Theunderlinedword"counterincentive"inParagraph5referstoa(n)factor.A.unfairB.indecisiveC.discouragingD.irrational31．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheDangerofFastScienceB．TheBattlebetweenQualityandQuantityC．TheCrisisamongTopScientistsD．ThePrinciplebehindResearchAssessments四、第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，32分）第二节（共5小题；每小题2分.共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Picturethis:you'rebakingcookies.Asyouliftthepanoutoftheoven,yourbarearmaccidentallytouchesit.Ouch!Whydidyoufeelpain?Andhowisyourbraininvolvedinsensingpain?Wemaynotlikepain,butourbodiesneeditasawarningsystem.32．Therearespecialreceptorcellsinourskinandbodiesthataresensitivetocertainstimuli(刺激).Thesecellsarecalled"nociceptors".Whenanociceptorgetsexposedtoapainfulstimulus,itsendsamessageintothebrain.Thebrainprocessesthatinformation,andthenpainisfelt.33．Thinkaboutatimewhenyou'vestubbedyourtoe.Theredoesn'tseemtobeadelaybetweenhittingyourtoeandthenfeelingpain:itfeelslikeithappensatthesametime.34．Ifwehaveaninjury,painalertsustorestandlettheinjuryheal.Ifwestandtooclosetoafire,paintellsustomoveaway.Notbeingabletofeelpaincanbedangerous.Somepeoplecanfeelsensationsliketouch,buttheycannotfeelpain.Withoutfeelingpain,theycannotlistentotheirbodieswhentheyneedtorestorheal.Ontheotherhand,thebrainsometimesprocessespainwherethereisn'tanyactualinjurytothebody.Here'safamousstory:amansteppedonanail.Itwentthroughthebottomofhisshoe,andhefeltlikehewasinhorriblepain.Whenthedoctorsremovedhisshoe,theyfoundthatthenailwasbetweenhistoes!Ithadn'tgoneintohisfootatall.35．Sohisbrainperceivedpaintomatchtheexperience.Withoutpain,wemightnotknowwhenwecouldneedtorest.Wemightnotknowifwewereindangerofhurtingourselves.36．However,itisanimportantpartofhumanlifeandsurvival!A.Painisnotfuntofeel.B.Painisaresponsetoastimulus.C.Ourbrainsusesensoryinformationtointerpretthepainthatwefeel.D.Eventhoughpainisanunpleasantfeeling,itisnecessaryforhumansurvival.E.Allofthissignalsendingandprocessinghappensfasterthanwecanperceive.F.Itisanimportantfunctionofourbrain,tellingourbodieswhensomethingiswrong.G.However,thevisualinformationtrickedhisbrainintothinkingthattherewascauseforalarm.五、第三部分：书面表达（共两节，25分）第一节（共4小题；第53、54、55题各2分，第56题4分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。MarvaCollins'journeyasateacherbeganinthe1960s,whenshewasassignedtoteachatapublicschoolinChicago.Atthetime,theschoolwastroubledbylowacademicstandardsandmisbehaviorofthestudents.Despitethesechallenges.Collinswasdeterminedtohelpthosestudentslabeledas"difficult"or"at-risk".Believingthateverystudenthadthepotentialtolearnandsucceed,shesetouttocreateaclassroomenvironmentthatwouldfosteraloveoflearning,asenseofdiscipline,andabeliefinoneself.Collinsfirstestablishedarigorousacademiccurriculumthatwouldchallengeherstudentstoreachtheirfullpotential.Shetaughtherstudentstraditionalsubjectsandalsoemphasizedcriticalthinking,problemsolving,andcreativity.Herteachingmethodswerehighlyeffective,andstudentssoonbegantoshowremarkableprogress.ButCollins'greatestachievementwasthefoundingoftheWestsidePrepSchool,whichshestartedin1975.Theschoolprovidedasafeandnurturingenvironmentwherestudentscouldthriveacademicallyandsociallyandthereforeitwasconsideredasthe"havenforlearning".AtthePrepSchool.Collinsstressedtheimportanceofdisciplineandhardwork.Sheexpectedherstudentstoarriveontime,inuniform,andreadytolearn,andsheinstalledinthemasenseofresponsibilityandaccountability.Collinsalsoemphasizedtheimportanceofbuildingrelationshipsbetweenteachersandstudents.Shebelievedthatstrongrelationshipswerethefoundationofeffectiveteaching,aresheencouragedherteacherstopersonalizetheirinstructionbasedonthestudents'individualdifferences.Underherleadership,thePrepSchoolbecameknownforitshighacademicstandardsanditsabilitytohelpstrugglingstudents.Manyoftheschool'sgraduateswentontoattendtopcollegesanduniversities,andsomewentontobecomeleadersintheirfields.Collins'impactoneducationwasrecognizedbyeducatorsaroundtheworld.Today,herlegacyliveson.Heremphasisondiscipline,hardwork,andrelationshipscontinuestobeamodelforeffectiveteaching,andherbeliefinthepotentialofeverystudentcontinuestoinspireeducatorstomakeadifferenceinthelivesoftheat-riskstudents.37．WhatchallengesdidCollinsfaceasanewteacher?38．WhywasthePrepSchoolconsideredthe"havenforlearning"?39．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Toachieveeffectiveteaching,Collinsencouragedherteacherstobuildstrongrelationshipswiththestudentsandteachthemasawhole.40．WhichoneofCollin'steachingbeliefsimpressesyoumost?Why?(Inabout40words)六、第三部分：书面表达（共两节，25分）第二节（15分）41．假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。2024年世界机器人大会（WorldRobotConference）将于八月在北京举行，组委会正在招募英文志愿讲解员，你对此很感兴趣。请你用英文写一封申请信，内容包括：1.申请理由；2.自身优势。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearSir/Madam,

答案解析部分【答案】1．A；2．C；3．B；4．D；5．A；6．C；7．D；8．C；9．B；10．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了HenryBurner克服阅读障碍，从一个学校交易活动出发，创立并发展Buttonsmith公司的经历，展示了个人奋斗、创新思维和企业成长的过程。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

1．句意：在他10岁的时候，他的班级经营了一个交易站，学生们在那里用假币买卖商品。A.ran"经营"；B.spotted"发现"；C.decorated"装饰"；D.swept"扫除"。根据空后"atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads."可知，此处指班级内部进行的一种商业活动，他的班级经营了一个交易站。故选A。2．句意：我们需要做一些持久的东西。A.stable"稳定的"；B.portable"便携的"；C.durable"持久的"；D.flexible"灵活的"。根据上文"Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong"可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故选C。3．句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，现在这家零售公司已经有超过1万种产品上市。A.mission"使命"；B.initiation"起源"；C.advantage"优势"；D.performance"表演"。根据上文"WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.‘CanImakeitarealbusiness?'"可知，这里指的是Buttonsmith公司的开始或者起源。故选B。4．句意：除了正常的学业，伯纳还在公司的战略决策中发挥了重要作用，并投入休息时间和周末为公司工作。A.killed"杀死"；B.delayed"延迟"；C.balanced"平衡"；D.invested"投资，投入"。根据空后"hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany"可知，此处表示他将个人时间投入到公司工作中。故选D。5．句意：Buttonsmith从农贸市场起步，之后转到线上，最终开发了自己的网站。A.eventually"最终"；B.hesitantly"犹豫地"；C.frequently"频繁地"；D.accidentally"偶然地"。根据空后"developingitsownwebsite"可知，此处应填入表示最后结果的副词，表示最终开发了自己的网站。故选A。6．句意：在线销售后，Buttonsmith的销售额显著上升，达到了数百万人，这是一个关键点。A.regular"常规的"；B.temporary"临时的"；C.crucial"关键的"；D.urgent"紧急的"。根据空前"Buttonsmith'ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople"；以及下文"Sincethenhehasgreatly6productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld."可知，销售额的大幅提升，极大地扩展了产品线，对于公司来说是一个关键性的转折点。故选C。7．句意：从那时起，他极大地扩展了产品线，推出了许多让人们能够向世界表达自我的可负担高质量产品。A.slided"滑动"；B.poured"倾倒"；C.packed"打包"；D.expanded"扩展"。根据空后"productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproducts"可知，此处指产品线的增加和多样化，故选D。8．句意：从纽扣开始，公司已经多样化其产品供应，目前提供狗项圈、牵引绳、名片、横幅等。A.costs"成本"；B.sizes"尺寸"；C.offerings"供应，产品"；D.suppliers"供应商"。根据空前"thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct"；以及空后"currentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc."可知，此处指的是公司提供的产品种类，故选C。9．句意：为了领先于竞争对手，伯纳优化了Buttonsmith，使得订单被下单后几分钟内就能生产出定制产品。A.shipped"运输"；B.placed"放置，下单"；C.deleted"删除"；D.tracked"跟踪"。根据空前"Buttonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing"可知，此处指客户下单后快速生产。故选B。10．句意：在国内创建了一家令人印象深刻的零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定战略，将其根基扩展到其他国家。A.roots"根源，根基"；B.wishes"愿望"；C.taste"品味"；D.research"研究"。根据空后"toothercountries"可知，这里指公司业务或影响范围的扩大，Buttonsmith正在将其根基扩展到其他国家。故选A。【答案】11．towelcome；12．werepurchased/hadbeenpurchased；13．hasconducted/hasbeenconducting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了大熊猫"福宝"从韩国返回中国四川成都的具体事件，包括日期、欢迎方式、熊猫的特殊身份，以及中国在大熊猫保护合作方面的概况。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态等知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。11．句意：为了欢迎福宝回家，大型屏幕被点亮。此处不定式t作目的状语。故填towelcome。12．句意：这些大型屏幕广告是由数十名粉丝购买的。此处是谓语动词，描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，且与主语screens之间是被动关系，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。也可以理解为：purchase发生在werelitup之前，用过去完成时，主语screens与动词purchase之间是被动关系，因用过去完成时的被动语态。故填werepurchased/hadbeenpurchased。13．句意：自20世纪90年代以来，中国一直在与其他国家的机构开展大熊猫保护合作与研究。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语Sincethe1990s可知，conduct"实施"这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态用现在完成时，主语China为第三人称单数，助动词用has。句子时态也可用现在完成进行时，表示conduct"实施"这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并且还将持续下去。故填hasconducted/hasbeenconducting。【答案】14．What；15．which；16．integration【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大约90%的交通事故是由人为失误造成的，而带有人工智能的自动驾驶汽车旨在解决这一问题，让司机可以在汽车系统负责驾驶的同时休息。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及主语从句，定语从句，名词等知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。14．句意：他们所能做的不是通过战略驾驶和安全驾驶来保持车辆硬件的健康。theycando是主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。15．句意：这样，可以避免交通违规和罚款，这可以帮助节省成本。canhelpsavecosts是非限制性定语从句，先行词指代主句的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。16．句意：在长途旅行中，司机也受益于人工智能技术的整合，因为他们可以在汽车系统负责驾驶的同时休息。此处作介词from的宾语，应用名词integration，不可数。故填integration。【答案】17．Absorbed；18．in；19．opportunities；20．engaging/beingengaged【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了游学越来越受欢迎以及原因。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，名词等知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。17．句意：在学校里，学生们全神贯注于学术研究，几乎没有什么活动空间，比如实际劳动或实践经验。beabsorbedin，固定短语，"全神贯注于"，此处过去分词absorbed作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Absorbed。18．句意：在游学期间，他们成群结队地来到主要景点、博物馆和农场，一边观光一边学习。ingroups，固定短语，"成群结队地"，故填in。19．句意：教育旅行为学生提供了变得更加独立的宝贵机会。此处名词作宾语，应用名词opportunity，泛指，应用复数形式，故填opportunities。20．句意：通过参与独立生活和与同龄人一起解决问题，学生可以学会驾驭现实生活。介词By后，应用动名词或动名词的被动式作宾语，故填engaging/beingengaged。【答案】21．D22．A23．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何选择大学的专业。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。21．细节理解题。根据Ifyouareatalosswithwhatyouwanttodo,goaheadandresearchdifferentcareerfields.如果你不知道自己想做什么，那就去研究不同的职业领域。可知如果你不知道你未来的职业选择是什么，你需要调查不同的领域；故答案为D。22．细节理解题。根据YourCareerDevelopmentCenter(CDC)iseagertohelpyou!MeetwithapeerCareerAmbassadortotalk

aboutyourcareergoalsandtheoptionsforyou.Alsoconsiderschedulinganappointmentwithaprofessionalstaffmembertodiscusspotentialcareerpaths,internships(实习),andmore!您的职业发展中心(CDC)渴望帮助您!与同行的职业大使见面，谈谈你的职业目标和你的选择。也可以考虑与专业人员预约，讨论潜在的职业道路、实习机会(实习)等等!可知根据文章，CDC可以给你专业相关的建议；故答案为A。23．推理判断题。根据第一段Whenfacingthetaskofdecidingyourmajor,youshouldrememberthatthedecisionyoumake

doesn'tmeanyouareonlydestinedforonepath.当你面临选择专业的任务时，你应该记住，你所做的决定并不意味着你注定要走一条路。可知这是一篇大学给新生做的宣传册；故答案为C。【答案】24．A25．D26．B27．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地的食品包装中至少含有68种"永久化学物质"，它们会渗入我们所吃的食物中。一项新的研究发现。其中61种甚至不应该用于此类产品。对此科学家进行了研究。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Fordecades,thesesubstanceshavebeenusedinawiderangeofconsumerproducts,fromcookwaretopesticidestocosmetics,becausetheyareproofagainstwaterandgrease."几十年来，这些物质被广泛应用于各种消费品中，从炊具到杀虫剂再到化妆品，因为它们可以防水和防油脂。可知，PFASs能抵抗水和油脂。故选A。25．考查段落大意。根据第三段"GeuekeandherteamfoundamismatchbetweenwhattheydetectedinactualproductsandadatabaseofPFASchemicalsauthorizedforuseinfoodpackaging.About140PFASsareknowntobeusedinfoodpackaging,butonlysevenofthe68chemicalsinthestudywereonthislist.Geuekesaysit'sunclearhoworwhytheother61chemicalsturnedup.DavidAndrews,achemistandtoxicologistatanonprofitenvironmentaladvocacyorganization,suggestsit'spossiblethatunknownimpuritiesemergedduringthemanufacturingoftheauthorizedchemicalsorthattheauthorizedPFASsdegradeovertime.Thisclassofchemicalsincludesmanylong-chainmolecules,andtheycanbreakintoshorterchainstha