2017-2018学年高中英语外研版必修1Unit4Section1课时达标训练

话题背景抢先读TipsonchoosinganeighborhoodARussiansayingexplains,“Don'tbuythehouse;buytheneighborhood.”Oftentimes,homebuyersaresofocusedonfindingtheirdreamhomethattheyforgetabouttheneighborhood.Belowaresometipstohelpyouchoosetheperfectneighborhood.ProximityHomeownersusuallyhaveadesiretobeclosetoshops,restaurantsandotherfamilymembers.Proximitytoyourworkplaceisalsoaconsiderationwhenyouarechoosinganeighborhood.Onewaytodeterminethelengthofyourmuteistodrivetothepotentialneighborhoodafterworkoneday.Youwillgetafirsthandexperienceofhowrushhourtrafficaffectsthemute.SchoolsWhetherornotyouhavechildren,examiningthelocalschooldistrictisamust.Neighborhoodslocatedwithingoodschooldistrictsoftenhavehighervaluesandlowercrimerates.Itwillalsobeamajorsellingpointifyouchoosetomoveinthefuture.ParksHavingparksavailableinyourneighborhoodisgoodforeveryone.Ifyouhavechildren,aparkwillgivethemachancetoplay.Parksalsoattractthosewholiketojog,hikeandevenswimoutdoors.YoucanfindinformationontheInternet,orbycallingthelocalgovernment.,[阅读障碍词]proximityn．临近restaurantn．餐馆；饭店muten．上下班往返potentialadj.潜在的，有可能的n.潜力，潜能availableadj.可获得的；有空的；可购得的；能找到的Ⅰ.Matchthewordwithitsmeaning.1．districtA．停车2．fortunateB．家乡3．parkC．饿死；挨饿4．hometownD．接近；接洽；方法5．botherE．地域；区域；行政区6．attractiveF．打扰；烦扰；麻烦7．approachG．听起来8．soundH．很；相当；漂亮的9．prettyI．幸运的；吉祥的10．starveJ．有吸引力的；吸引人的答案：1－5EIABF6－10JDGHCⅡ.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.1．Let'sputupashedhereforthetimebeing.建造；搭起2．IwalkaroundwithmyheadupbecauseIknowdeepdowninsidethatnothingisimpossibleifyoutry.到处走3．Arethereanyfriendsyouhavenotmetforawhile?一会儿；一段时间4．Inthatcase,we'llhavetoputoffthesportsmeettillnextSaturday.推迟5．Intheolddaysmanypeoplestarvedtodeath.饿死Lookatthepicturesandanswerthequestion：HaveyoueverbeentoXiamen？Whatisyourimpressionofthatcity?________________________________________________________________________参考答案：Itisamodernandadevelopedcity.ItisacityIhavevisitedandimpressedmemost,oroneofthemostattractivecitiesIhavebeento.Therearealotofhigh­risebuildingsandagreatmanymalls.Itisprettyhotandwetinsummerandquitecoldinwinter.Ⅰ.Fastreading1．Skimthetextandchoosethemainideaofthetext.A．TheCityofXiamen.B．GulangyuIsland.C．Thehigh­risebuildings.D．Shoppingmalls.答案：A2．Matchthefollowingparagraphswiththeirmainideas.①Part1(line1～line6)A．Theclimate.②Part2(line7～line15)B．Touristscanbeanuisanceinsummer.③Part3(line16～line21)C．Greetings.④Part4(line22～line25)D．XiamenisoneofthemostattractiveplacesJohnhasbeento.⑤Part5(line26～line36)E．Goingtoarestaurantforlunch.⑥Part6(line37～line46)F．Themodernbusinessdistrict.⑦Part7(line47～line53)G．Thewesterndistrict.答案：①～⑦CDABFGEⅡ.CarefulreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．HowareXiaoLiandJohnMartintravelinginXiamen?A．Bytaxi.B．Bybus.C．Bybike.D．Bycar.2．Accordingtothetext,whatwillJohnMartindotomorrow?A．HewillleaveXiamen.B．HewillgotovisitGulangyu.C．Hewillbuysomepresents.D．Hewillrentanapartment.3．Whichisthemostwonderfulpartofthecity?A．Thewesterndistrict.B．Theeasterndistrict.C．GulangyuIsland.D．Thenortherndistrict.4．XiaoLiandJohnMartinwillprobably________．A．botherpeoplearoundthemB．stopdrivingandhaveawalkC．rentanapartmentD．swiminthesea5．Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________．A．MartinhadneverbeentoChinabeforeB．touristsmayannoylocalpeopleC．theweatherthereiswetinwinterD．therearesomeprettyparksinthenorthwest答案：1.～5DCABBⅢ.StudyreadingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．It'sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother,youknow.[句式分析]Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...为固定句型，意为“自从……以来多长时间了”。在since从句中常用一般过去时。[尝试翻译]你知道，自从上次我们见面到现在已经6年了。2．Youknow,I'veseenquitealotofChinaandI'vevisitedsomebeautifulcities,butthisisoneofthemostattractiveplacesI'vebeento.[句式分析]整个句子是由but连接构成的并列句，在后一分句中I'vebeento为定语从句修饰先行词places。[尝试翻译]你知道的，我去过中国许多的地方，游览过一些美丽的城市，但这里是我到过的最有吸引力的地方之一。3．It'sagorgeousislandwithsomereallyinterestingarchitecture.[句式分析]withsomereallyinterestingarchitecture为介词短语作后置定语修饰island。[尝试翻译]那是个美丽宜人的岛屿，上面有一些有趣的建筑。[对应学生课时达标训练(十二)]阅读理解AToday,peopleallovertheworldaremovingoutofsmallvillagesinthecountrytogoandliveinbig,noisycities.Theyaremovingfromthepeacefulhills,mountains,fields,riversandstreamsofthecountrysidetothebusyworldofstreets,buildings,trafficandcrowds.Thismovementfromruralareastourban_areashasbeengoingonforovertwohundredyears.Inmanycountries,themainreasonwhypeopleetoliveintownsandcitiesiswork.Afteroneortwolargefactorieshavebeenbuiltinornearatown,peopleetofindwork,andsoonanindustrialareabeginstogrow.Thereisusuallyaresidentialareanearby,wherethefactoryworkerscanlive.Thefamiliesoftheseworkersneedschools,hospitalsandshops,somorepeopleetoliveintheareatoprovidetheseservicesandacitygrows.Ineverymajorcityintheworld,thereisabusinessdistrictwherethebigpanieshavetheirmainoffices.IntheUnitedStates,thisareaisusuallyinthecitycentredowntown.Itisherethatyoucanseethehugeskyscraperofficeblocks.Thepeoplewhoworkhereoftentravelalongwaytoworkeachday.Manyofthemliveinthesuburbsofthecity,farawayfromtheindustrialareaandthecitycentre.Somesuburbsareverypleasant,withnicehousesandbiggardens.Thereareusuallyparksforchildrentoplayinandlargedepartmentstoreswhereyoucanbuyallyouneed.Butwhatisthefutureofthebigcities?Willtheycontinuetogetbigger?Perhapsnot.Somemajorcitieshaveactuallybeesmallerinthelasttenyears,anditisquitepossiblethatonedaywewillseepeoplemovingoutofthemajorcitiesandbackintosmallertownsandvillages.语篇解读：也许有一天，曾经由农村涌向城市的人们会再次转向农村。1．Wecaneasilyknowthattheunderlinedphrase“urbanareas”inparagraph1means“________”．A．areasofthecountrysideB．areasofatownorcityC．areasnearthecountrysideD．areasnearatownorcity解析：选B词义猜测题。由第一段中“people...aremoving...togoandliveinbig,noisycities.Theyaremoving...tothebusyworld...”可判断该题选B。2．Whydopeoplemovetoliveincitiesortowns?A．Becausetheycanlivemorefortablythere.B．Becausetheyprefernoisylifetopeacefullife.C．Becausetheywanttofindwork.D．Becausetheyaresureofhavingbetterlifethere.解析：选C细节理解题。由第二段第一句话可知。3．IntheUnitedStatesmanypeopleworkinthecentreofabigcity________．A．whilelivingonthefarawayedgeofthecityB．andlivethereC．butliveinanothercityD．butlivefarawayoutofthecity解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第四、五两句话“Thepeoplewhowork...thecitycentre.”可知A项正确。4．Wecaninferthatthismovementfromruralareastourbanareas________．A．hasbeengoingonformorethan2，000yearsB．willcontinueinthefutureC．maynotcontinueinthefutureD．issuretostop解析：选C推理判断题。由最后一段可推知，一些大城市在过去十年中实际在变小，很有可能有一天我们会看到人们搬出城市，重回小镇和村庄。BAsweallknow,itwasThomasJeffersonwhowrotetheDeclarationofIndependence(《独立宣言》).Hewroteitintwoweeks,andafterafewchanges,itwasacceptedbytheCongress(国会).Asaresult,hebecamefamous.Bornin1743inVirginia,ThomasJefferson,awonderfulstudentatschoolandalmosttalented(天才的)lawyerlater,wasmuchinterestedinpolitics.JeffersonwaselectedtheGovernorofVirginiain1779,andhewassenttoFranceastherepresentativeoftheAmericangovernmentin1784.Sixteenyearslater,attheageof57,hewaselectedpresidentafterWashingtonandAdams.Farfromahandsomeman,hewastallwithlongarmsandbighands.Jefferson,whowasanamusing(令人愉快的)talkerinconversationbutapoorspeaker,wasgenerallygood­natured.JeffersonwasregardedasadefenderoffreedominAmerica.Asapresident,heprotectedtherightoffreespeech.Interestinglyenough,inhiseightyearsaspresident,Jeffersonnevervetoed(否决)abillwhichtheCongresshadpassed.HedidalotinorganizingthenewUniversityofVirginia.ThomasJeffersondiedonJulythefourth,1826,thefiftiethanniversaryofAmericanIndependence.语篇解读：本文主要讲述了杰弗逊的政治生涯及成就。5．FromthepassagewecaninferthatAmericawonitsindependencein________．A．1786B．1800C．1842D．1776解析：选D推理判断题。题意问美国独立战争胜利在哪一年？根据文中最后一段“ThomasJeffersondiedonJulythefourth,1826,thefiftiethanniversaryofAmericanIndependence.”可知ThomasJefferson死于1826年，1826年也是美国独立50周年，所以美国独立战争胜利在1826－50＝1776年，故D正确。6．HowoldwasThomasJeffersonwhenhewaselectedPresidentoftheU．S.A.?A．Hewas47.B．Hewasinhisforties.C．Hewas57.D．Wedon'tknow.解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Sixteenyearslater,attheageof57,hewaselectedpresidentafterWashingtonandAdams.”可知ThomasJefferson在他57岁时被选为美国总统，故C正确。7．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Jeffersonwasanamusingtalker,butnotgoodatspeakinginpublic.B．Jeffersonwasnotaneasypersontogetalongwith.C．Jeffersonwasnotonlyverytalentedbutalsoveryhandsome.D．Notbeingpoliticallyminded,JeffersonnevervetoedabillpassedbytheCongress.解析：选A推理判断题。A项，由第四段第二句“Jefferson,whowasanamusing(令人愉快的)talkerinconversationbutapoorspeaker,wasgenerallygood­natured.”可知Jefferson是一个有趣的交谈者，但是不擅长作公共演讲，故A项正确。8．Jeffersondiedwhenhewas________．A．72B．83C．73D．92解析：选B推理判断题。由第二段知ThomasJefferson出生于1743年，由最后一段知ThomasJefferson死于1826年，所以ThomasJefferson死时为83岁，故B项正确。CWhenothernine­year­oldkidswereplayinggames,shewasworkingatapetrolstation.Whenotherteenswerestudyingorgoingout,shestruggledtofindaplacetosleeponthestreet.ButsheovercametheseterriblesetbackstowinahighlypetitivescholarshipandgainentrytoHarvardUniversity.Andheramazingstoryhasinspiredamovie,HomelesstoHarvard:TheLizMurrayStory,showninlateApril.LizMurray,a22­year­oldAmericangirl,hasbeenwritingareal­lifestoryofwillpoweranddetermination.Lizgrewupintheshadowoftwodrug­addictedparents.Therewasneverenoughfoodorwarmclothesinthehouse.Lizwastheonlymemberofthefamilywhohadajob.HermotherhadAIDSanddiedwhenLizwasjust15yearsold.Theeffectofthatbecameaturningpointinherlife.Connectingtheenvironmentinwhichshehadgrownupwithhowhermotherhaddied,shedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Lizwentbacktoschool.Shethrewherselfintoherstudies,nevertellingherteachersthatshewashomeless.Atnight,shelivedonthestreets.“What_drove_me_to_live_on_had_something_to_do_with_understanding,_by_understanding_that_there_was_a_whole_other_way_of_being._I_had_only_experienced_a_small_part_of_the_society，”shewroteinherbookBreakingNight.Sheadmittedthatsheusedenvytodriveherselfon.Sheusedthebenefitsthateeasilytoothers,suchasasafelivingenvironment,toencourageherselfthat“nexttonothingcouldholdmedown”.ShefinishedhighschoolinjusttwoyearsandwonafullscholarshiptostudyatHarvardUniversity.ButLizdecidedtoleavehertopuniversityacoupleofmonthsearlierthisyearinordertotakecareofherfather,whohasalsodevelopedAIDS.“Ilovemyparentssomuch.Theyaredrugaddicts.ButIneverforgetthattheylovemeallthetime.”Lizwantsmoviegoers(whooftenseefilms)toeawaywiththeideathatchangingyourlifeis“assimpleasmakingadecision”．语篇解读：本文主要叙述LizMurray是如何克服生活学习上的种种困难，最后取得成功的故事。9．InwhichorderdidthefollowingthingshappentoLiz?a．HermotherdiedofAIDS.b．Sheworkedatapetrolstation.c．ShegotadmittedintoHarvard.d．Themovieaboutherlifewasputon.e．Shehadtroublefindingaplacetosleep.A．b，a，e，c，dB．a，b，c，e，dC．e，d，b，a，cD．b，e，a，d，c解析：选A细节理解题。根据文章前三段以及最后一段叙述可知在母亲去世之前她一直在工作帮助养活家人，母亲去世以后她去读书，但是没有睡觉的地方，只能在街头。最后她考取哈佛大学。最后关于她的故事的电影上映了。故A正确。10．Themainideaofthepassageis________．A．howLizmanagedtoenterHarvardUniversityB．whatahardtimeLizhadinherchildhoodC．whyLizlovedherparentssomuchD．howLizstruggledtochangeherlife解析：选D主旨大意题。本文主要叙述LizMurray是如何克服生活学习上的种种困难，最后取得成功的故事。故D正确。11．Whatactuallymadehergotowardshergoal?A．Envyandpetition.B．Willpoweranddetermination.C．Decisionsandunderstanding.D．Loveandrespectforherparents.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段一、二句“Sheadmittedthatsheusedenvytodriveherselfon.Sheusedthebenefitsthateeasilytoothers,suchasasafelivingenvironment,toencourageherselfthat‘nexttonothingcouldholdmedown’．”可知推动她取得成功的是她的意志力和决心，在遇见如此多困难的情况下她没有放弃。故B正确。12．Whenshewrote“Whatdrovemetoliveon...Ihadonlyexperiencedasmallpartofthesociety”in,shemeantthat________．A．shehadlittleexperienceofsociallifeB．shecouldhardlyunderstandthesocietyC．shewoulddosomethingforherownlifeD．sheneededtotravelmorearoundtheworld解析：选C句意理解题。在文章第三段里谈论她无家可归，只能露宿街头。由此她想改变这一现状。文章中多画线部分陈述的正是这一内容。故C正确。eq\a\vs4\al([课文对译])ALivelyCity(XL＝XiaoLi,JM＝JohnMartin)XL：It'sgreattoseeyouagain,John.JM：It'sgreattoseeyou!It'sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother,youknow.AndthisisthefirsttimeI'vevisitedyourhometown.XL：Yes,I'msogladyoucoulde.JM：Youknow,I'veseenquitealotofChinaandI'vevisitedsomebeautifulcities,butthisisoneofthemostattractiveplacesI'vebeento.It'ssolively,andeveryoneseemssofriendly.XL：Yes,it'soneofthemostinterestingcitiesonthecoast,everyonesaysso.Ifeelveryfortunatelivinghere.AndIlovelivingbytheseaside.JM：YouliveinthenorthwestofXiamen,isthatright?XL：Yes,that'sright.JM：What'stheclimatelike?XL：Prettyhotandwetinthesummer,butitcanbequitecoldinthewinter.JM：SoundsOKtome.Therearealotoftouristsaround.Don'ttheybotheryou?XL：Yes,theycanbeanuisanceinthesummerbecausetherearesomanyofthem.JM：Oh,lookatthathugeapartmentblock!XL：Yes,they'vejustpletedit.Therentforanapartmentthereisveryhigh.JM：Ibelieveyou!