2023年04月高等教育自学考试《13124英语（专）》试题

2023年04月高等教育自学考试《13124英语（专）》试题[问答题]1.“Friends”onInstantMessaging（即时通讯）Inthepast,mostpeoplecommu（江南博哥）nicated(communicate)byphoneorletter.Notmanypeoplehad____41__(hear)ofe-mailorInstantMessaging(IM).Today,many___42___(adult)sende-mailsastheirprimarymeansofcommunication.Teenagersspendmuchoftheirtime___43___(use)IMtochatinrealtime.Withaccesstobillionsofpeople,themeaningofa"friend"has___44____(change).Onlinefriendsareoftenpeoplethatteenagersdon'tknowintheirreallife.Theymaybepeoplethatteenagersmetonlinebychance.Sucharelationshiplacksreal-lifeinvestmentina___45___(friend).Onlinefriendsdon't____46___(real)knowaboutoneanother.Therefore,these"friends"aremorelikelytobe___47___(kind).Furthermore,teenagerscan___48___(easy)befooled.Asaresult,peoplewhoare___49___(hide)theirrealpurposeare___50___(increasing)targetingteenagers.正确答案：详见解析参考解析：41.heard【分析】完成时态“hadheardof”（固定搭配“听说过”），填过去分词heard。42.adults【分析】“many”后接复数名词，填adults（成年人）。43.using【分析】“spendtimedoing”结构，动名词using。44.changed【分析】现在完成时“has+过去分词”，填changed。45.friendship【分析】冠词“a”后接名词，填friendship（友谊）。46.really【分析】副词修饰动词“know”，填really（真正地）。47.unkind【分析】上下文暗示否定（“缺乏了解”），填unkind（不友好）。48.easily【分析】副词修饰“befooled”，填easily（容易地）。49.hiding【分析】现在进行时“arehiding”，填hiding（隐藏）。50.increasingly【分析】副词修饰“targeting”，填increasingly（日益增加地）。[问答题]2.请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。某英文报社就周末休闲方式征稿，题目为“MyFavoriteLeisureActivityatWeekends＂。请你根据下面的内容要点，给报社写一篇英文应征稿。·简单陈述周末休闲的方式，如逛公园、看电影、购物等·说明你最喜欢的休闲方式以及喜欢的原因正确答案：详见解析参考解析：MyFavoriteLeisureActivityatWeekendsWeekendsoffervariousleisureoptions:shoppingwithfriends,watchingmovies,orjogginginparks.Whiletheseactivitiesareenjoyable,myfavoriteisreadingathome.Ilovereadingbecauseitcalmsmymind.Withabook,Iexplorenewworlds,learnfrominspiringstories,andevenlaughwithwittycharacters.Unlikecrowdedplaces,readingletsmerelaxdeeplyandrechargefortheweekahead.It’sbothfunandmeaningful!共享题干题CourtroomPioneerConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]1.Constancecamefromalargefamily.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：A参考解析：文中提到“Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.”，表明她家里有12个孩子，所以她来自一个大家庭。所以本题选项是A。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]2.BecomingapoliticianwasyoungConstance'sdream.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：B参考解析：文章开头表明Constance十几岁时梦想是成为律师，未提及从政是她年轻时的梦想。所以本题选项是B。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]3.Constanceregularlygavespeechesinhercommunity.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：C参考解析：文章仅提及Constance在18岁时于黑人社区中心的一次会议上发表了一次演讲，没有任何信息表明她经常在社区发表演讲。所以本题选项是C。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]4.Clarenceofferedtosupporthereducation,butConstancerefused.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：B参考解析：文中明确提到ClarenceW.Blakeslee因Constance的演讲而资助她的教育（“heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer”）。后续描述她进入大学并完成学业，证明她接受了资助，而非拒绝。题干中“Constancerefused”与事实相反，故答案为B。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]5.ConstancegotalawdegreefromNewYorkUniversityin1946.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：B参考解析：文中明确提到“ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.”，说明她是在哥伦比亚大学法学院获得法学学位，而非纽约大学。所以本题选项是B。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]6.Before1964,therewasnoblackwomanservingasaNewYorkstatesenator.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：A参考解析：文中明确提到“In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator.Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice.”，表明1964年ConstanceB.Motley成为纽约州参议员，且是首位担任此职位的黑人女性。这就意味着在1964年之前，没有黑人女性担任过纽约州参议员。所以本题选项是A。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]7.Constancewasmarriedtoalawyer.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：C参考解析：文章中自始至终都没有提到Constance的婚姻状况，更未提及她是否嫁给律师。所以本题选项是C。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]8.ConstanceonceservedaspresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：A参考解析：文中明确提到“In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.”，说明Constance曾担任过纽约市曼哈顿区的总统（此处表述应为负责人之类，president有类似含义）。所以本题选项是A。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]9.PresidentJohnsonnamedConstanceafederaljudge.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：A参考解析：文中明确提到“HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.”表明约翰逊总统任命康斯坦斯为联邦法官。所以本题选项是A。ConstanceB.MotleywasboronSeptember14,1921inConnecticut.Shewastheninthinafamilyoftwelvechildren.Shewasagoodstudent.Andwhenshewasateenager,shedecidedtobecomealawyer.However,herfamilydidnothaveenoughmoneytosendhertocollege.Whenshewaseighteen,somethinghappenedthatchangedherlife.Onenightsheattendedameetingatacenterfortheblackcommunity.Shegaveaspeech.Shesaidthatblacksshouldplayalargerpartinrunningthecenter.ClarenceW.Blakeslee,arichphilanthropist（慈善家），wasimpressedbyherspeech.Asaresult，heofferedtopayforhereducation.Thishelpedhertoreachhergoalofbecomingalawyer.ShefirstattendedFiskUniversityinTennessee.ThenshewenttoNewYorkUniversityandreceivedacollegedegreein1943.ShestudiedlawatColumbiaUniversityLawSchoolandreceivedalawdegreein1946.Aftershefinishedlawschool,shebecameacivilrightslawyer.Afteralmost20yearsasalawyer,sheenteredpolitics.In1964,shebecameaNewYorkstatesenator（参议员）．Shewasthefirstblackwomantoholdthisoffice．In1965，shebecamethefirstwomantobepresidentofManhattaninNewYorkCity.HerworkcametotheattentionofPresidentLyndonJohnson.In1966,thePresidentnamedherafederaljudge.ShewasthefirstblackwomantoserveasajudgeintheUSDistrictCourt.Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.[单选题]10.After1966,Constancebegantotakeinterestintherightsofallpeople.A.trueB.falseC.NotGiven正确答案：B参考解析：文章最后一句“Sincejoiningthecourt,shehascontinuedtobeinterestedintherightsofallpeople.”表明自从1966年她成为联邦法官（即加入法院）后，一直对所有人的权利感兴趣，并非1966年后才开始感兴趣。所以本题选项是B。Childrenareamaintargetforadvertisersandsalesmenacrosstheworld.Theyareeasilyinfluencedbyadvertising.Also,theymayeasilygettheirparentstobuyacertainproductforthem.Iftheywantsomething，childrenwillpester（纠缠）theirparentsuntiltheygetit.Alittlesuggestionfromasingleadvertisementcansendthemontheirway.McDonald＇satonestageadviseditsemployeestotargetchildren.Itscampaign（广告活动）“KidsAretheStar"encouragedemployeestopayspecialattentiontochildren.Thepurposewastogivechildrenapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.ThereasonforthiswasnotthatMcDonald'scareddeeplyaboutthegeneralhealthandhappinessofchildren.Itwasreallyinterestedinthepester-powerofchildren.Thispowermightbringparentsbackformorevisits.Advertiserstargetchildreninaverysimpleway.Theyusebrightlights,happypeopleandcartooncharacters.Alltheseencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.Childrentrulybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem.ChildrenarriveatMcDonald'sandconsumehighamountsofsalt,sugarandfat.Theirbodieshaveanimmediatepositivereaction.Thisreactionlastsaboutaslongastheyareattheplace.Bythetimethey＇re＂comingdown（平静下来）＂，you＇reonthewayhome.Ifyouwantwhat'sbestforyourchildren,tryyourbesttokeepthemawayfromTV.Itisbadfortheirbrains,andbadforyourwallet,too!Takethemoutside,nottoMcDonald's,buttothebeach.[单选题]11.Advertiserstargetchildrenmainlybecausechildren______。A.spendalotoftimewatchingTVB.havestrongbuyingpowerC.mayhavepocketmoneytospendD.canaffectparents'buyingdecisions正确答案：D参考解析：文中提到孩子容易受广告影响，且能纠缠父母买产品，麦当劳关注孩子也是看重孩子的“纠缠力”能让父母多次光顾，说明广告商瞄准孩子主要是因为孩子能影响父母的购买决定。所以本题选项是D。McDonald＇satonestageadviseditsemployeestotargetchildren.Itscampaign（广告活动）“KidsAretheStar"encouragedemployeestopayspecialattentiontochildren.Thepurposewastogivechildrenapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.ThereasonforthiswasnotthatMcDonald'scareddeeplyaboutthegeneralhealthandhappinessofchildren.Itwasreallyinterestedinthepester-powerofchildren.Thispowermightbringparentsbackformorevisits.Advertiserstargetchildreninaverysimpleway.Theyusebrightlights,happypeopleandcartooncharacters.Alltheseencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.Childrentrulybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem.ChildrenarriveatMcDonald'sandconsumehighamountsofsalt,sugarandfat.Theirbodieshaveanimmediatepositivereaction.Thisreactionlastsaboutaslongastheyareattheplace.Bythetimethey＇re＂comingdown（平静下来）＂，you＇reonthewayhome.Ifyouwantwhat'sbestforyourchildren,tryyourbesttokeepthemawayfromTV.Itisbadfortheirbrains,andbadforyourwallet,too!Takethemoutside,nottoMcDonald's,buttothebeach.[单选题]12.Thecampaign"KidsAretheStar"aimedtoencouragechildrento______。A.comebacktoMcDonald'sB.becomestarsC.maketheirowndecisionsD.stayingoodhealth正确答案：A参考解析：文中提到麦当劳“KidsAretheStar”活动目的不是关心孩子健康快乐，而是看中孩子的纠缠能力，这种能力能让家长多次光顾麦当劳，也就是鼓励孩子回到麦当劳。所以本题选项是A。McDonald＇satonestageadviseditsemployeestotargetchildren.Itscampaign（广告活动）“KidsAretheStar"encouragedemployeestopayspecialattentiontochildren.Thepurposewastogivechildrenapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.ThereasonforthiswasnotthatMcDonald'scareddeeplyaboutthegeneralhealthandhappinessofchildren.Itwasreallyinterestedinthepester-powerofchildren.Thispowermightbringparentsbackformorevisits.Advertiserstargetchildreninaverysimpleway.Theyusebrightlights,happypeopleandcartooncharacters.Alltheseencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.Childrentrulybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem.ChildrenarriveatMcDonald'sandconsumehighamountsofsalt,sugarandfat.Theirbodieshaveanimmediatepositivereaction.Thisreactionlastsaboutaslongastheyareattheplace.Bythetimethey＇re＂comingdown（平静下来）＂，you＇reonthewayhome.Ifyouwantwhat'sbestforyourchildren,tryyourbesttokeepthemawayfromTV.Itisbadfortheirbrains,andbadforyourwallet,too!Takethemoutside,nottoMcDonald's,buttothebeach.[单选题]13.Whatdoadvertisersoftenusetotargetchildren?A.Colorfulproducts.B.Healthyfood.C.Cartooncharacters.D.Famouspeople.正确答案：C参考解析：文中明确提到“Advertiserstargetchildreninaverysimpleway.Theyusebrightlights,happypeopleandcartooncharacters”，所以广告商常用来针对儿童的手段有卡通人物。所以本题选项是C。McDonald＇satonestageadviseditsemployeestotargetchildren.Itscampaign（广告活动）“KidsAretheStar"encouragedemployeestopayspecialattentiontochildren.Thepurposewastogivechildrenapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.ThereasonforthiswasnotthatMcDonald'scareddeeplyaboutthegeneralhealthandhappinessofchildren.Itwasreallyinterestedinthepester-powerofchildren.Thispowermightbringparentsbackformorevisits.Advertiserstargetchildreninaverysimpleway.Theyusebrightlights,happypeopleandcartooncharacters.Alltheseencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.Childrentrulybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem.ChildrenarriveatMcDonald'sandconsumehighamountsofsalt,sugarandfat.Theirbodieshaveanimmediatepositivereaction.Thisreactionlastsaboutaslongastheyareattheplace.Bythetimethey＇re＂comingdown（平静下来）＂，you＇reonthewayhome.Ifyouwantwhat'sbestforyourchildren,tryyourbesttokeepthemawayfromTV.Itisbadfortheirbrains,andbadforyourwallet,too!Takethemoutside,nottoMcDonald's,buttothebeach.[单选题]14.ChildrenlikeMcDonald'sbecausetheycan______。A.getimmediatesatisfactionB.eatasmuchastheywantC.staythereforalongtimeD.gotherewhenevertheywant正确答案：A参考解析：文中提到孩子们在麦当劳消费大量盐、糖和脂肪后身体会有即时的积极反应，这种反应在他们在麦当劳时持续，等平静下来就已经在回家路上了，说明孩子们喜欢麦当劳是因为能得到即时的满足。所以本题选项是A。McDonald＇satonestageadviseditsemployeestotargetchildren.Itscampaign（广告活动）“KidsAretheStar"encouragedemployeestopayspecialattentiontochildren.Thepurposewastogivechildrenapositiveexperiencewhileeatingatitsrestaurants.ThereasonforthiswasnotthatMcDonald'scareddeeplyaboutthegeneralhealthandhappinessofchildren.Itwasreallyinterestedinthepester-powerofchildren.Thispowermightbringparentsbackformorevisits.Advertiserstargetchildreninaverysimpleway.Theyusebrightlights,happypeopleandcartooncharacters.Alltheseencouragechildrentothinkacertainproductissomethingtheywant.Childrentrulybelievewhatanadvertisertellsthem.ChildrenarriveatMcDonald'sandconsumehighamountsofsalt,sugarandfat.Theirbodieshaveanimmediatepositivereaction.Thisreactionlastsaboutaslongastheyareattheplace.Bythetimethey＇re＂comingdown（平静下来）＂，you＇reonthewayhome.Ifyouwantwhat'sbestforyourchildren,tryyourbesttokeepthemawayfromTV.Itisbadfortheirbrains,andbadforyourwallet,too!Takethemoutside,nottoMcDonald's,buttothebeach.[单选题]15.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?A.Parentsshouldhelpchildrenspendmoneywisely.B.Advertiserstakeadvantageofchildren.C.ThefoodofferedbyMcDonald'sisnothealthy.D.McDonald'sisverysuccessfulinitsbusiness.正确答案：B参考解析：文章开篇指出孩子易受广告影响，是广告商和销售人员的主要目标，以麦当劳为例说明商家利用孩子的纠缠力来获利，还提到广告商针对孩子的手段，最后呼吁家长让孩子远离电视。整体围绕广告商利用孩子展开。所以本题选项是B。ShouldIGainWeight?①I'salmostneveragoodideaforakidtotrytogainweight,especiallybyeatinglotsofunhealthyfastfood.Itmayseemstrangethatsomekidswanttogainweightwhenmanypeoplewanttobethinner.Butkidswhoarethinsometimesfeelliketheyaren'ttherightsize.Andtheymightevengetlaughedatfortheirsize.②Peoplecomeindifferentshapesandsizes.Youmighthavefriendsthesameagewhoweighalotmorethanyoudo.Itdoesn'tmeanthateitherofyouisthewrongweight.Ifyou'renottootall,there'slessofyou.Thatequalsfewerpoundswhenyousteponthescale.Oryoumightbe