2024年高考英语书面表达答题模板题型20 概要写作 （原卷版）

题型20概要写作

01题型解读

02答题模板构建

03满分词汇模板

04满分句型模板

05满分作文模板

06知识迁移强化

命题特点

概要写作属于限制性写作，是阅读理解和写作的双向考查。

命题解读：1.提供的一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

2.所给短文以说明文和议论文为主。

3.在正确理解文章的基础上，在不改变原文中心思想的前提下，用简明、精炼的语句高度浓缩

文章的内容和观点。

写作要求：

1.要点齐全。评分的重要方面即是要点齐全，避免因信息获取不准确而导致概要要点不齐全。

同时又要把握文本的整体和部分之间的逻辑关系。

2.灵活转换。考生应当使用不同的词或句式如，同义词、近义词和反义词变换来替换词汇，表达

与原有表达内容相同的意义，通过改变原有句子中个别词和词组在句中充当的语法

成分或变换句式来实现句子重构。

3.语言精炼。用抽象的、概括性的语言代替具体形象的语言，利用概括的方法对文本内容进行提

炼，用删略的方法替换不重要或不必要的细节。

4.书写规范。概要写作对考生的书写、拼写和标点符号要求不能影响交际，尤其是拼写和标点符

号被视为评价语言准确性的一个重要方面，书写较差则直接影响评分档次。

第一步浏览全文，明确文章体，了解短文大意，确定主题句。（段首、段中或段尾）

第二步细读文章，锁定关键信息。

第三步列写作要点，整合成句。

第四步连句成篇，工整眷写。

【典例】

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内

容概要。

Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedabout

attitudestodirt.

Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedical

opinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwas

thoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.Sodidtheking

ofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.

HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingordered

that,toavoidtheattackofdiscase,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

Thoughthebeliefinthemerit(好处)ofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasanice

neighboreversincethe18century.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupply

andhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemoved

beyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.

Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacesto

shine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenoff

touchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmerican

immunologist，encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionis

gainingsomeground.

【满分句型模板之锁定主题句】

Para.1:__________________________________________________________________________________

Para.2:__________________________________________________________________________________

Para.3:__________________________________________________________________________________

Para.4:__________________________________________________________________________________

【满分句型模板之要点陈列】

Para.1:fixed（确定的；不便的）

Para.2:means（方法，手段），blockout（挡住），washoff（清楚掉，清洗掉），

openup（打开），upon（一......就，立即）。

Para.3:long-lived（长期存在的），selltheidea（说服某人接受某观点）。

Para.4:warnoff（警告某人不要靠近），gainsomeground（获得优势）。

【满分句型模板之连词成句】

1.Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsdirt.

2.Foralongtimeinhistory,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotected

peoplefromgettingill.

3.Howeverpeoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthat

washingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.

4.However,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.

【满分作文模板】

（要点1）______________________________________________________________________________

（要点2）______________________________________________________________________________

（要点3）______________________________________________________________________________

1．（2023·全国·高三专题练习）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容写一篇60词左右的概要。

MicroplasticsinWater—aWake-upCallforAllofUs

Todayresearchersannouncedthattheyhavefoundtinypiecesofplasticinwatersamplesfromaroundthe

world.Thesepiecesarecalledmicroplasticsandaresosmallthattheyareinvisibletothenakedeyeandarevery

difficulttoremovefromthewater.Wheninthewater,theyareswallowedbyfishandotheranimalsandthenenter

thefoodchain.

Evenmoreconcerningisthefactthattheplastichasalsobeenfoundindrinkingwateracrosstheworld.This

meansthatwearedrinkingplasticeveryday.Scientistsdonotknowwhatlevelofharmthiswillcauseusinthe

future.

Microplasticscomefromanumberofdifferentsources,inparticularfromwashinganddryingsynthetic

(non-natural)clothingandfromcosmeticsandcleaningproducts,suchastoothpasteandfacewashes.Microplastics

areevenfoundintheairoutsideandatourhomes.

Almosteverycountryacrosstheworldagreesthatwecannotcontinueusingsomuchplasticinourlives.We

needtofindasolutiontoremovemicroplasticsfromouroceans.Wealsoneedtointroducenewtaxesandother

meanstoencouragecompaniestochooseenvironment-friendlyingredientsandrecyclablepackagingfortheir

products.

Weneedtotakepersonalresponsibility,too.Weallhavethefreedomtochoosehowwespendourmoneyand

whatkidsofbusinessandproductswesupport.Let’sworktogethertoprotectourenvironment,bothnowandfor

thefuture.

Remember:Reduce—Reuse—Recycle.(244words)

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2．（2024·上海杨浦·统考一模）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

IgnoringYourBiggestRegrets

Regrets,peopleoftenfeel,aretobeavoided.Mistakesmaybeunavoidable,buttheyshouldbekepttoa

minimum.Andwhentheydooccur,thebestcourseofactionistoignorethemasinevitablestepsonourjourney.

Thatseemslogical,atleastuntilyouconsiderthatoneofthecriteriaformentalillnessisaninabilitytofeelregret.

AsauthorKathrynSchulzargues,“Ifyouwanttobefullyfunctional,andfullyhuman,andfullyhumane,Ithink

youneedtolearntolivenotwithoutregret,butwithit.”Counterintuitively,sheandotherexpertsarguefeeling

regretisessentialforlivingyourbestlife.Nooneissaying,ofcourse,thatgettingtrappedinyourpastmistakesis

agoodidea.Butneitherisa“noregretsandneverlookback”mentality.

Regretforcesustoengageinareflectiveanalysistounderstandwhywethoughtoractedthewaywedidand

makesustrythingsdifferentlyinthefuture.Ifyoukeeptellingyourself“noregrets,”thenlearningisn’tgoingto

happen.Besides,hidingfromregretdoesn’tmakeithurtless.Actiondoes.Action,recentresearchshows,isthe

bestwaytomakeregrethurtless.Soifyou’retroubledbyyourfailuretotravelwhenyouwereyoung,science

suggestsyouconsciouslyplananadventuroustripnowthatyou’reolderandwiser.Upsetaboutabrokenfriendship?

Acttotrytorepairit.

Acknowledgingourmistakes,ratherthanignoringthem,remindsusthatwearevaluableandworthydespite

ourfaults.Thatsortofacceptanceisthebasisbothofrealself-confidenceandoftruekindness.AsSchulzsumsup

inhertalk:“Regretdoesn’tremindusthatwedidbadly.Itremindsusweknowwecandobetter.”

3．（2023·上海嘉定·统考一模）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

DealingwithOneMissedWorkout

It’sacommondilemma(图局)foranyoneonatrainingplan:Youmissoneworkoutandbecomeawashedwith

guilt.Tomakeupforit,youaddthoseextramilestoyournextworkout.Butaccordingtotheprofessionals,this

isn’ttherightwaytogoaboutit.“Asingleworkoutisnotgoingtomakeorbreakatrainingplan.Thekeyto

trainingisconsistencyovertime,”saysJohnRaglin,PhD,professorintheDepartmentofKinesiologyatIndiana

UniversityBloomington.

Whenyoumissaworkout,thetemptationistothink,“Oh,I’vegottodomoretomorrow”.Butwhenyoutryto

catchuponyourworkouts,yourunacoupleofrisks:“Certainlyaninjury,butalsobecomingover-tired,which

couldruinyourtrainingafterthat,”saysRaglin.Thisisaphenomenoncalled‘non-functionaloverreaching’,“he

says.Eventually,thiscouldleadtoovertrainingsyndrome(综合症),whichischaracterizedbyadecreasein

performancelaterduetoalong-termincreaseintrainingloadwithoutadequaterecovery.

Sohowdoyoumoveforwardifyouskippedarunorfive?Wellfirst,peopledownloadgeneralizedtraining

planswithoutunderstandingthattheyaremeanttobeadaptedtolife.Thereisawholehostoflifestressors—job,

kids,friendships,travel—andexerciseisjustanothertypeofstress.Actually,whenthingsgetchaoticinyourlife,it

maybenecessarytojustletgo.Next,ifyoumissedaworkout,youhavetoaskyourselfwhy:“Wasitjustbecause

yourschedulegotoutofhandorbecauseyouwerefeelingoverlyexhausted?”Understandingwhyyoumissedthe

workoutcanoffersomeinsightsintohowtotailoryourprogramtosuityourlifestyle.

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4．（2024·上海青浦·高三统考期末）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

DrawingHighSchoolerstoScience

AgroupofeducatorsandplantscientistsatMichiganStateUniversity(MSU)areconnectingtoreshape

scienceclasses.Andthisparticularpartnershipisn’tjusthelpingstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofbiology;it’s

turningthemintoyoungscientists,evenifonlyduringclass.

Itdoesn’ttakelongtoseethatthecurriculumbornfromthiscollaborationmakesforamuchdifferent

experiencethanthetraditionalhighschoolbiologyclasses.Forstarters,ithasacomicbookforaworkbook.

Secondly,studentsaregettingtheirhandsdirtygrowingplants.MSUresearchersarealsostudyingtheplant.The

highschoolersareaskingsomeofthesamequestionsprofessionalplantscientistsaretryingtoanswer.

“We’regettingthemengagedwithscienceinsciencepractices,notjusthavingthemlearnaboutscience,”

saysHildahMakori,aresearcheratMSU.“Theylearntolookatthingsdifferently.That’salife-timeimpact.”

Themaincharactersofthecomicbookareapairofyoungfieldscientists.Theyinvitethehighschoolstudents

tohelpwithplantresearchinspiredbyarealprojectatMSU.Bygrowingtheirownplants,thestudentslearnabout

genetics,evolutionandhowtheseinteractwiththeenvironment.

Theteamhasseenhowthispracticecouldkeepstudentsinthedriver’sseatoftheirlearning.Tohelpthe

charactersout,studentssetupdifferentexperimentstotesttheirideas.

Theprogramisworking.“Thiscomicpersonallygavemeaclickthatsparkedmycuriosity,”readsone

student’ssurveyresponse.“Thecomicbookputalotofcreativeatmosphereintothestoryinsteadofjustlookingat

words,insteadofjustlisteningtotheteachertalk,”saysanother.

Teachersalsohadpositivereviews.Inasurvey,oneremarkedhowhelpfulitwastohavethecomictoreferto.

Thestudentscouldseethecomic’scharactersdoingsomethinginthelabandrealize,“I’mabletodothisrighthere

atmytableandIcandothesamething,”theteachersays.

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5．（2024·上海宝山·高三统考期末）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Doyouhaveafavoritepodcast?Thatcanbeadifficultquestiontoanswerforsomeastherearesomany

options.Thatisbecausetheworldisfullofinterestingtopicsandthoughtsaboutthem.Ifyoufeelyouhave

somethingengagingandvaluabletoshare,startapodcast.

Apodcastisaseriesofaudioepisodesthatcoveraparticularsubject.Thefirststeptocreatingapodcastisto

findyourtopic.It’sbelievedthatthebesttopicsareonesthatyouknowalotaboutandlove.

Anotherimportantstepistomakesureyouhavetherightequipment.Whilepodcastequipmentcanbe

complexandexpensive,itdoesn’thavetobe.Foryourfirstpodcast,youcansimplyrelyonyourphoneand

computer.Youcanrecordallofyouraudioonyourphone.Thenwithyourcomputer—andtherightsoftware—

youcanmixtheaudio.Thisistheprocessofputtingyouraudiotogetherintooneperfect-soundingfile.

Afteryouhaveyourtopicandequipment,you’llwanttochooseyourformat.Yourpodcastcouldbeone

personspeaking,twopeopletalking,ormanypeopleofferingtheiropinions.Yourpodcastcouldalsoincludemore

thanoneoftheseoptions.

Onceyou’vedecided,youcanstartdraftingyourepisodes.However,whateverformatorformatsyouchoose,

maintainthesamestructureforeachepisode.Thenextstepistofindaquietplaceanddoyourrecording.

Whenyou’vecompletedyourrecordingandaudiomixing,you’llneedtofindaplatformforyourpodcast.

Luckilythereareplentyoffreeandpaidplatformoptionsonwhichtouploadyourpodcast.Beforeuploading,

makesureyouhaveaninterestingtitleandgoodtagsforyourshow.Besuretopostaboutyourshowonsocial

media.Getyourpodcastlistedinapodcastdirectory,too.Youwanttogetthewordoutaboutyourpodcasttogrow

youraudience.Yourpodcastjustmightbecomesomeone’snewfavorite.

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6．（2023·上海静安·高三统考期末）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

CompetitiveCheerleading

Overtheyears,cheerleadinghastakentwoprimaryforms:game-timecheerleadingandcompetitive

cheerleading.Game-timecheerleaders’maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,which

shouldnotbeconsideredasport.However,competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itis

reallyacompetitivesport.

Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.Themajorityoftheteamsrequireacertainlevelof

tumbling(翻腾运动)ability.It’saverycommonthingforgymnasts,soit’seasyforthemtogointocompetitive

cheerleading.Usuallythesecheerleadersintegratelotsoftheirgymnasticsexperienceincludingtheirjumps,

tumbling,andoverallenergy.Theyalsoperformliftsandthrows.

Competitivecheerleadingisalsoanactivitythatisgovernedbyrulesunderwhichawinnercanbedeclared.It

isawardedpointsfortechnique,creativityandsharpness.Usuallythemoredifficulttheactionis,thebetterthe

scoreis.That’swhycheerleadersaretryingtoexperiencegreatdifficultyintheirperformance.Besides,thereis

alsoastrictruleoftime.Thewholeperformancehastobecompletedinlessthanthreeminutesandfifteenseconds,

duringwhichthecheerleadersarerequiredtostaywithinacertainarea.Anyperformancebeyondthelimitoftime

isinvalid.

Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmore

reportedinjuries.Accordingtosomeresearch,competitivecheerleadingisthenumberonecauseofserioussports

injuriestowomen.Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,

andneck.

Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.Itshouldbenotedthat

itisateamsportandeventhesmallestmistakemadebyoneteammatecanbringthescoreoftheentireteamdown.

Sowithoutworkingtogethertoachievethegoal,firstplaceisoutofreach.

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7．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Whycompaniesarehiring"promptengineers"?

WiththenewgenerativeAItools,likeChatGPT,anyonecanputinaprompt—typeinafewwordsandgeta

result.Butthatdoesn’tmeanthattheresultswillberelevantoraccurate.

Thekeyisputtingintherightprompt.That’swhysomebusinessesarenowhiringpromptengineers-people

withtheskill,backgroundandpracticetotalktoso-calledlarge-languageAIsystemseffectivelyandwhymany

peopleexpectpromptengineeringtobeadesirableskillformanykindsofworkerstoaddtotheirresumes.

Ingeneral,themoredetailedtherequest,theclosertheresponsewillcometowhattheuserislookingfor.But

themosteffectivepromptengineeringgoesbeyondaddingdetail.

Foronething,addingtherightdetailtogetthebestresponseiscrucial.Also,therearemanywaystoguide

howanAIsystempresentstheinformationitfinds,dependingonthegoal-tellinlgittowriteinacertainstyleorfor

acertainaudience,forinstance.Eachtoolalsohasparticularcapabilitiesandlimitationsthatuserscanlearnto

tackle.AndthebestresultsoftencomefromanextendedconversationwiththeAI,reactingtowhatitproducesand

askingforrefinements.

Evenforpeopleapplyingtojobsthatdon’tclearlymentionpromptengineering,havingthisskillcould

becomeessentialforallsortsofroles.ArtdirectorscouldusegenerativeAItooutlineideas,andmarketerscould

useittodevelopnewslogans.Softwareengineerscoulduseittofindproblemswiththeircode.Lawyerscoulduse

ittoresearchapieceoflaw.Thisisgoingtobeafoundationalskillthatallofusneedtoknow.Thethroughlineis

whenyoulearnanewskill,youcantakeitinanydirectionyoulike.

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8．（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Withtheriseofurbanism(城市化),andtheattractionofvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureis

muchrarerthaninthepast.Formany,thereissimplynoopportunitytogetmuddy.Today,manyparentsmay

secretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.

Manyofthepsychologicalbenefitsofoutdoorplayarealreadywellestablished.Ourbrainsevolvedinnatural

landscapes.Thismeansthatnaturalscenesprovidetheperfectlevelofstimulation,whichisthoughttohelp

rechargethebrainwhenitistiredandeasilyunfocused.Supportingthistheory,onestudyfrom2009foundthat

childrenwithattention-deficithyperactivitydisorder(ADHD)(注意力缺陷多动症)werebetterabletoconcentrate

followinga20-minutewalkinthepark,comparedtoa20-minutewalkonthestreetsofawell-kepturbanarea.

Beingclosetograssandtreesseemedtohavehadabeneficialeffectontheirminds.Theauthorsrecommended

usingsuch“dosesofnature”asasafeandaccessiblewayofsupportingchildrenwithADHD,alongsideothertools.

Outdoorplaycanalsooffervaluablelearningexperiences.Forexample,theactofshapingandstretching

materialslikemudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovementinteract,knownas

sensorimotor(感觉运动)development,accordingtothescientistsattheUniversityofPalermo,Italy.Thisallows

thechildtograduallyunderstandhisorherbodilysignals.

Giventheknownpsychologicalbenefits,manyday-carecentersandschoolsarealreadyencouraginggreater

contactwithnature:outdoorlessons,regularnaturewalksandtheconstructionofmudkitchensthatencourage

childrentoplayinthedirt.

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9．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

MuseumCrazeInvolvesMoreTeenagers

Moremuseumsareherewaitingforyou!China’scapital,Beijing,isgoingtoopenanotherbatch(一批)of

museumsthisyear.ThebuildingofanewbranchofthePalaceMuseum,oneoftheworld’smostvisitedtourist

attractions,kickedoffaswell.

Asthemuseumcrazehasgrownstrongerinthepastfewyears,teenagersinChinahavebecomemore

involvedinexploringmuseums,wheretheycanimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinmoderntechnologyaswellas

culturefromthepast.AccordingtoEducatormagazine,visitsbyteenagerstomuseumseachyearincreasedfrom

220millionto290millioninthepast5years.Amongtheincreasingnumbersofmuseumvisitors,manyofthem

wereteenagersaccompaniedbytheirfamilies,reportedGuangmingDailyearlierthismonth.

Todrawyoungervisitors,manymuseumsarecreatingmoreofflineactivitiesforthepurposeofspreading

Chineseculture.Theyincludeartifactmaking,nightvisits,secretadventures,treasureevaluation,andsome

interestingcourses.AttheChinaHangzhouArts&CraftsMuseum,forexample,teenagersgatheredaroundto

makepaperumbrellasduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.Withwhiteglovesonandlittlespadesintheirhands,

visitorsinHenanprovincegottoexperiencethedailyworkofarchaeologists(考古学家).Apartfromtheactivities,

somemuseumsevenopenbranchesespeciallydesignedforteenagers.AhallcalledPopularAgriculturalScience

forYoungVisitorsisaspecialbranchlaunchedbyChinaAgriculturalMuseum.Itisanexhibitionhallthat

combinesbothvisualandaudiotechnologytoinvolveteenagersinagriculture.Besidestheseofflineapproaches,a

numberofmuseumshavealsocreatedofficialwebsitesforteenagers,thePalaceMuseuminparticular.Online

visitorsmaygoonanexcitingadventureonthewebsiteinthestyleofacomicbook.

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