山东省潍坊市潍城区2025届七年级英语第二学期期中综合测试试题含答案

山东省潍坊市潍城区2025届七年级英语第二学期期中综合测试试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、完形填空(10分)1、

Eachofusmakesmistakesfromtimetotime.Infact,wecan____1____alotfromourmistakes(错误).Donnieisa____2____studentandheneveranswersquestionsinclass.Heisafraidtomakemistakes.Heneverfinisheshis____3____becausehedoesn’twanttomakeanymistakes.Butwhenateacher,Mary,comestoour____4____,somethingchanges.Today,suddenly,MaryasksDonnieto____5____somequestions.“Look,Donnie,”shesays,“Ihavesomethingtoshowyou.”She____6____theerasers,oneatatime,andputthemonthedesk.“Lookattheseerasers,Donnie,”shesays.“Doyouknowwhytheseerasersbecomesmallerandsmallerwhenweusethem?That’sbecausewemakemistakes.Butweerase(擦掉)themistakesandtry____7____.That’swhatwemustlearn.”“Here,”shesays,“I’ll____8____youthiseraser,soyoushouldrememberthat____9____maymakemistakes.”DonnielooksatMaryand____10____.Donniechangesalot.Heknowsthateveryonewillmakemistakes.Heshouldn’tbeafraidandshouldlearnfromthemandtryagain.1.A.take B.learn C.do D.bring2.A.good B.shy C.clever D.young3.A.housework B.newspaper C.homework D.book4.A.team B.ground C.class D.home5.A.ask B.tell C.answer D.talk6.A.putson B.putsup C.takesout D.takesoff7.A.just B.again C.even D.only8.A.forget B.share C.give D.call9.A.nobody B.something C.anything D.everybody10.A.cries B.shouts C.smiles D.walks二、阅读理解（40分）2、It’s8:30inthemorning.MissGreengoesintotheclassroomandfindsJaneisn’tin.Thenshebeginsherlesson.Sheasksthestudentstodothemathproblemsontheblackboard.“MayIcomein,madam?”agirlasksatthedoor.“Comein,please,”saysMissGreen.“You’retenminuteslate,Jane.”Thegirlisoftenlateandeverytimeshemakesanexcuse.“I’msorry,madam,”saysJane.“I’mlatebecausethetrafficisbad,andIhavetowaitforthelightstoturngreen.”“Butwhydon’tyoucatchanearlierbus?”asksMissGreen.“Ijusttaketheearlierbus.Butthelaterbusoftenovertakes(超过)theearlierone!”answersJane.1.It’s__________whenJanecomes.A.8:10a.m. B.8:20a.m. C.8:30a.m. D.8:40a.m.2.MissGreenisa(n)__________teacher.A.history B.Chinese C.math D.English3.What’sthemeaning(意思)of“makeanexcuse”inChinese?A.找借口 B.请假 C.不在意 D.旷课4.Janecomestoschool__________.A.bycar B.onfoot C.bybus D.bybicycle5.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrue?A.Janeisoftenlateforschool. B.Theclassbeginsat8:30inthemorning.C.Jane’sbusisbroken(坏的)ontheway. D.MissGreenmaynotbelieve(相信)Jane.3、Doyouwanttohaveyourowngarden?Workwithyourmumordadandyoucangrowyourownfruitandvegetablesathome.Herearesomesuggestions(建议).PickaplaceforthegardenYouwillneedhelpfromyourmumanddad.Theycanhelpyoudecidewheretobuildyourgarden.Itcanbeasmallone,butmakesureyourgardengetslotsofsunlight!PlantyourseedsDigsmallholesinthedirt(松土),dropafewseedsinandthencovertheholeswithdirt.Don’tdroptoomany.Becausetheywillhavenoplacetogrowwell.WateryourplantsMakesureyougiveabitofwatertomakethedirtnottoodry,butdon’tusetoomuchoryou’lldrown(淹死)yourplants.PickthefruitandvegetablesYourplantsstarttogrow,thenyouwillgetfruitandvegetables.Youcanwashsomeandtheneatthemrightaway,oryoumaywanttousesometomakeaveryunusualdinner.Whynothaveanewtry?Askyourparentsforhelpinthekitchenandyoucanmakeamealwiththefoodyougrow.Growingyourownfruitandvegetablesathomeisgreatfun.1.Thenumberofthesuggestionsaboutplantingathomeis________.A.two B.three C.four D.five2.Whenyouchooseaplaceforagarden,youmustmakesurethegardencangetlotsof________.A.air B.sunlight C.water D.rain3.Theunderlineword“unusual”probablymeans________.A.special B.difficult C.traditional D.expensive4.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.chooseasmallgardenbecauseitgetslotsofsunlightB.youshoulduseallthefruitandvegetablestocookamealC.whenwecovertheholeswithdirt,theseedscan’tgrowwellD.don’tusetoomuchwaterbecauseitwillmakeyourplantsdie5.Whatisthepassageabout?A.Whentogrowyourplants.B.Howtogrowatyourowngarden.C.Howtomakeyourvegetablesbig.D.Howtopickyourfruitandvegetables.4、

WelcometoSunshineTown!TherearelotsofthingstodoinSunshineTown.Wouldyouliketo…Stayinaquiettown?Theairisfreshhere.Youcanseemanytrees,lakesandgreenhills.____1____Localpeopleliketakingawalkintheparkinthemorning.SunshineTownisnotfarfromthecenterofBeijing.____2____Goshopping?Therearelotsofniceshopsinourtown.Mostthingsarenotexpensive.____3____EatChinesefood?Beijingduckisveryfamous.Wouldyouliketotrysome?____4____Ifyoudon’tlikeChinesefood,therearesomeWesternrestaurants,too.EnjoyBeijingopera?WhynotvisitourlocaltheaterandenjoyBeijingopera?____5____Don’tmisstheoperashowsthere.Welcometoourtown.Wearelookingforwardtomeetingyousoon.A.YoucanlearnmoreaboutChineseart.B.Ittakesonly40minutesbyunderground.C.TherearemanyChineserestaurantshere.D.Thereisalsoabeautifulparkinthetowncenter.E.Youcanbuypresentsforyourfamilyandfriendsthere.5、It’sSundaymorning.MrsKingisinashopwithherchildrenLinda,AnnandTom.Lindawouldliketobuyanotebook,aboxofcrayonsandaruler.Annwantsasharpener,adrinkbottleandaruler.Tomwantsaneraser,apairofscissorsandapencilcase.Tomwillusehispocketmoneytopayforhisthings.Mrs.KingonlyneedstopayforLinda’sandAnn’sthings.Besides（除了）thesethings,shewillalsobuythreelunchboxesforherchildren.BackpackRulerNotebook20Pencils$14.50$0.88$4.45$9.98EraserSharpenerPaperScissors$1.99$3.4$7.99$4.98CrayonsLunchBoxDrinkBottlePencilCase$7.4$12.99$9.50$9.991.Whatis$1.99?A.Aneraser. B.Apencil. C.Aruler. D.Anotebook.2.Whowantstobuyadrinkbottle?A.Ann. B.Linda. C.Tom. D.MrsKing.3.WhatdoesTomwanttobuy?①aboxofcrayons②aneraser③apencilcase④apairofscissorsA.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④4.HowmuchwillMrs.Kingpayforthelunchboxes?A.$12.99. B.$25.98. C.$38.97. D.$51.96.5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.MrsKingisinasupermarket.B.Lindawantstobuysomepencils.C.Tomneedstopay$16.96forhisthings.D.Tomhastwosistersandtheybothwantsomecrayons.三、补全对话（10分）6、

根据对话内容，从下面选出恰当的句子补全对话，有一个选项是多余的。Mike:Hello,thisisMike.____1____David:ThisisDavidspeaking.Hi,Mike.Howisitgoing?Mike:Prettygood.IamthinkingabouttravellingtoKunming.____2____David:Sure.TheDragonGateinWestHillisagoodplacetovisit.Mike:Soundsgreat.____3____David:Youcantaketheunderground.It’sveryfast.Mike:OK.____4____David:Yes,thereis.Youcanhavericenoodlesandflowercakes.Bytheway,whenwillyoucome?Mike:____5____David:Great.I’llwaitforyouattheairport.A.Who’sthat?B.HowcanIgetthere?C.Isthereanydeliciousfood?D.IwillcomeonMayDayholiday.E.Turnleftandyou’llseethebusstation.F.Couldyoutellmeaninterestingplace?四、短文填空（10分）7、

Lastmonth,AuntDorisvisitedus.Shegavemymumabeautifulplantforherbirthday.However,mymumisn’tgoodatl___1___afterplants.Inafewdays,itdied.Thenextday,AuntDoriscalled.Sheaskedhowtheplantwasdoing.Mumdidn’twanttotellherthetruth,soshetoldheritwasdoingwell!AuntDorissaid,“Great!Icanseeitm___2___becauseI’mgoingtovisityouagainonSunday!”Mymumdidn’twanttomakeAuntDorisa___3___,soshedecidedtofindanewplantatonce.Ithadtolookjustliketheoldone.Weallwentintotownandlookedineveryflowershopthere.Afteralongtime,wef___4___foundonewithpinkflowersliketheoneAuntDorisboughtformum.WhenAuntDorisa___5___weworriedthatwouldnotice（察觉）,butshejustsmiledandsaid,“Oh,whatlovelyflowers!”五、语法填空（10分）8、

请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。MynameisMaTao.I’ma____1____boyinGuangzhou.EveryweekendIhavetowriteanewsstoryforhomework.Mymotherisareporter(记者).Myfather?He____2____inaTVstation,andhedecideswhatwillbeonthenews.Somyparentsmake____3____familyrule:EverySaturday,weeachIt’sSaturdaymorning,andwefollowtheruleasusual.NowI____5____myparentsthestoryofDingZhen,thepopularTibetan(西藏的)man.Later(后来)mymothersays____6____us,“Ourcountryisencouraging(鼓励)schoolstousemuseums(博物馆)toteachclasses.Itcan____7____studentsstudybetter.”Myfathertellsusabout____8____Chang’e-5lunarprobe(月球探测器).“Chinaisgreat!”wesaywithonevoicehappily.Ilikethisfamilyrule____9____it,helpsuslearnmoreaboutourcountryandtheworld.Italsogives____10____thetimetohavefuntogether.1.A.13yearold B.13yearsold C.l3-year-old2.A.doesn’twork B.works C.work3.A.a B.an C.the4.A.can B.can’t C.must5.A.tell B.amtelling C.aretelling6.A.on B.of C.to7.A.help B.helps C.helping8.A.China B.China’s C.Chinese’9.A.or B.so C.because10.A.we B.us C.ours六、阅读表达（10分）9、

请根据短文内容Myfavoriteanimalsarekoalas,becausethey’reverycute.Doyouknowaboutkoalas?Letmetellyousomethingaboutthem.KoalascomefromAustralia.Theyhavesmallblackeyes,bigearsandthick（浓密的）hair.Theirhairisusuallygrayandbrown.Theyareabout70~80cmlong.Whatdotheyliketoeatbest?Eucalyptusleaves（桉树叶）!Theyseldomdrink,becausetheycangetmuchwaterfromtheeucalyptusleaves.Theysleepinthetreesovertheday,buttheygetupandhavefoodatnight.Theycansleepover16to18hoursaday.Koalasareindangernow.Todaythereareonlyabout43,000koalas.Peoplecutdowntreesandkillkoalas.Wemustdosomethingtosavethem.1.Whydoesthewriterlikekoalas?________________________________________2.Wherearekoalasfrom?________________________________________3.Wheredokoalassleep?________________________________________4.Howlongcankoalassleepaday?________________________________________5.Howmanykoalasaretheretoday?________________________________________七、书面表达（20分）

请根据要求完成短文写作，并将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。无规矩不成方圆。假如你是李华，你所在的学校校刊英文专栏拟开展“MySchoolRules”主题征文活动，请你给该专栏投稿，内容包括：作文要求：MySchoolRulesMynameisLiHua.Therearemanyrulesinmyschool________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、完形填空(10分)1、1.B2.B3.C4.C5.C6.C7.B8.C9.D10.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Donnie这个学生遇到一个好老师，在老师的帮助下学会了从错误中受益，改变了他的学习态度的故事。【1题详解】句意：事实上，我们可以从错误中学到很多东西。take带走；learn学习；do做；bring带来。根据“fromourmistakes”及句意可知我们能从错误中学到很多，故选B。【2题详解】句意：Donnie是个害羞的学生，他在课堂上从不good好的；shy害羞的；clever聪明的；young年轻的。根据“heneveranswersquestionsinclass”可推测他是一个内向害羞的学生，故选B。【3题详解】句意：他从不完成作业，因为他不想犯任何错误。housework家务；newspaper报纸；homework作业；book书。根据他的学生身份和“finishes”可推测此处用homework“作业”，故选C。【4题详解】句意：但是当一位老师，玛丽，来到我们班时，事情发生了变化。team小组；ground地面；class班级；home家。根据前文和“ateacher”可推测玛丽老师来到了教室，故选C。【5题详解】句意：今天，玛丽突然让Donnie问一些问题。ask问；tell告诉；answer回答；talk谈论。根据“somequestions”可知用ask或answer；根据前文可知Donnie从不回答问题，玛丽老师来了一些事情改变了，可推测此处用answer“回答”，故选C。【6题详解】句意：她拿出橡皮擦，一次一块，把它们放在桌子上。putson穿上；putsup提出；takesout拿出；takesoff起飞。根据所给选项可知，takesout“拿出”和“theerasers”搭配最合适，故选C。【7题详解】句意：但我们会擦除错误，然后再试一次。just刚刚；again再一次；even甚至；only只有。根据“Butweerase(擦掉)themistakes”可知擦掉错误并再次尝试，故选B。【8题详解】句意：我把这块橡皮给你，这样你就应该记住每个人都可能犯错误。forget忘记；share分享；give给；call称呼。根据后文“youthiseraser”和“soyoushouldrememberthat...maymakemistakes.”可知此处用give“给”最合适，老师给他橡皮意寓每个人都会犯错，但是通过犯错取得了进步，故选C。【9题详解】句意：我把这块橡皮给你，这样你就应该记住每个人都可能犯错误。nobody没人；something一些东西；anything任何东西；everybody每人。根据“maymakemistakes”可推测此处为“每个人都会犯错”，故选D。【10题详解】句意：Donnie看着玛丽笑了。cries哭；shouts喊；smiles微笑；walks散步。根据情境可知听完老师的话他笑了。故选C。二、阅读理解（40分）2、1.D2.C3.A4.C5.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Jane经常迟到且总为自己找借口的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“It’s8:30inthemorning.”和“You’retenminuteslate,Jane.”可知，Jane到时已经8点40分了。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sheasksthestudentstodothemathproblemsontheblackboard.”可知，MissGreen是一位数学老师。故选C。【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Thegirlisoftenlateandeverytimeshemakesanexcuse.”可知，Jane经常迟到，并且每次她都找借口；“makeanexcuse”的含义为“找借口”。故选A。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“Ijusttaketheearlierbus.Butthelaterbusoftenovertakes(超过)theearlierone!”可知，Jane坐公交车去上学。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据“I’mlatebecausethetrafficisbad,andIhavetowaitforthelightstoturngreen.”和“Ijusttaketheearlierbus.Butthelaterbusoftenovertakes(超过)theearlierone!”可知，文中只提到了早上交通状况很差，没有提到公交车坏了，C选项表示有误。故选C。3、1.C2.B3.A4.D5.B【解析】【导语】本文就如何拥有自己的菜园提出四点建议：找个地方，种下种子，浇灌植物，摘水果和蔬菜。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Pickaplaceforthegarden…Plantyourseeds…Wateryourplants…Pickthefruitandvegetables”为花园找个地方，种下种子，浇灌植物，摘水果和蔬菜”可知，给出四点建议。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Pickaplaceforthegarden中“…butmakesureyourgardengetslotsofsunlight”可知，花园的地址必须是有阳光的地方。故选B。【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段Pickthefruitandvegetables中“Askyourparentsforhelpinthekitchenandyoucanmakeamealwiththefoodyougrow”用自己种的菜做一顿饭；可知，这顿饭不同寻常，很特别。故选A。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Wateryourplants中“butdon’tusetoomuchoryou’lldrownyourplants”可知，浇太多水会淹死植物。故选D。【5题详解】主旨大意题。本文就如何拥有自己的菜园提出四点建议。故选B。4、1.D2.B3.E4.C5.A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了在阳光小镇可以做的一些事，具体介绍了它的环境、购物、饮食以及娱乐情况。【1题详解】根据空后“Localpeopleliketakingawalkintheparkinthemorning.”可知，空处是介绍公园；选项D“在镇中心还有一个美丽的公园。”符合语境。故选D。【2题详解】根据空前“SunshineTownisnotfarfromthecenterofBeijing.”可知，阳光镇离北京市中心不远，由此推知空处要介绍距离；选项B“乘地铁只需40分钟。”符合语境。故选B。【3题详解】根据标题及“Therearelotsofniceshopsinourtown.Mostthingsarenotexpensive.”可知，空处与购物相关；选项E“你可以在那里给你的家人和朋友买礼物。”符合语境。故选E。【4题详解】根据空后“Ifyoudon’tlikeChinesefood,therearesomeWesternrestaurants,too.”可知，在阳光小镇有许多中国餐馆；选项C“这里有很多中国餐馆。”符合语境。故选C。【5题详解】根据空前“WhynotvisitourlocaltheaterandenjoyBeijingopera?”提到当地的剧院和京剧可知，空处是说中国的传统艺术；选项A“你可以学到更多关于中国艺术的知识。”符合语境。故选A。5、1.A2.A3.B4.C5.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了金女士带着她的孩子们在商店买东西的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据表格“$1.99”可知，这是橡皮的价格。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Annwantsasharpener,adrinkbottleandaruler.”可知，Ann想买个水壶。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Tomwantsaneraser,apairofscissorsandapencilcase.”可知，Tom买了橡皮、剪刀和铅笔盒。故选B。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“shewillalsobuythreelunchboxesforherchildren.”可知，要买三个午餐盒，每个午餐盒12.99美元。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“MrsKingisinashop”可知，是在商店里，A选项错误；根据“Lindawouldliketobuyanotebook,aboxofcrayonsandaruler”可知，B选项错误；根据“Tomwantsaneraser,apairofscissorsandapencilcase.”可知，Tom买了三种东西，一个橡皮1.99美元，一副剪刀4.98美元，一个铅笔盒9.99美元，共花费16.96美元。C选项正确；根据“Lindawouldliketobuyanotebook,aboxofcrayonsandaruler.Annwantsasharpener,adrinkbottleandaruler.”可知，D选项错误。故选C。三、补全对话（10分）6、1.A2.F3.B4.C5.D【解析】【导语】本文是一则讨论去昆明旅游的对话。【1题详解】根据答语“ThisisDavidspeaking.”可知此处应询问对方是谁，选项A“（你）是谁”符合语境，故选A。【2题详解】根据答语“Sure.TheDragonGateinWestHillisagoodplacetovisit.”可知此处是一般疑问句，且应询问地点，选项F“你能告诉我一个有趣的地方吗”符合语境，故选F。【3题详解】根据答语“Youcantaketheunderground.”可知讲述了交通方式，此处应询问怎么到那里去，选项B“我怎样才能到那里”符合语境，故选B。【4题详解】根据答语“Yes,thereis.Youcanhavericenoodlesandflowercakes.”可知上文应是therebe句型的一般疑问句，且讨论的是食物，选项C“有好吃的食物吗”符合语境，故选C。【5题详解】根据上文“whenwillyoucome”可知询问的是时间，此处应回答时间，选项D“我将在五一假期来”符合语境，故选D。四、短文填空（10分）7、1.(l)ooking2.(m)yself3.(a)ngry4.(f)inally5.(a)rrived【解析】【导语】本文讲述作者和妈妈一起为了避免朵丽丝阿姨伤心而去找同样的植物来代替之前阿姨送给妈妈的礼物。【1题详解】句意：然而，我妈妈不擅长照看植物。根据“…afterplants”可知，此处表示照看植物，lookafter“照看”，at为介词，后跟动名词。故填(l)ooking。【2题详解】句意：太棒了！我可以亲眼看到，因为我星期天还要去看你！根据“becauseI’mgoingtovisityouagainonSunday”可知，可以亲眼看到故填(m)yself。【3题详解】句意：我妈妈不想让朵丽丝阿姨生气，所以她决定马上找一棵新植物。根据“Mymumdidn’twanttomakeAuntDoris…”可知，不想让朵丽丝阿姨生气，makesbadj“使某人怎样”，angry“生气的”，故填(a)ngry。【4题详解】句意：过了很长时间，我们终于找到了一朵粉红色的花，就像朵丽丝阿姨给妈妈买的一样。根据“Afteralongtime,we…foundonewithpinkflowersliketheoneAuntDorisboughtformum.”可知，最终找到了一朵红色的话，finally“最终”，副词作时间状语。故填(f)inally。【5题详解】句意：当朵丽丝阿姨到达时，我们担心她会注意到，但她只是笑着说：“哦，多可爱的花啊！”，根据“WhenAuntDoris…weworriedthatwouldnotice”可知，此处指朵丽丝阿姨到的时候，时态为一般过去时，应用动词过去式arrived“到达”。故填(a)rrived。五、语法填空（10分）8、1.C2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.A8.B9.C10.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了作者一家的家庭情况以及家规的情况。【1题详解】句意：我是广州的一个13岁男孩。13yearold错误结构；13yearsold13岁；13-year-old十三岁的，形容词。根据“I’ma…boyinGuangzhou.”空处修饰修饰名词，应用形容词，故选C。【2题详解】句意：他在一家电视台工作。doesn’twork不工作；works工作，第三人称单数；work工作，动词原形。根据“andhedecideswhatwillbeonthenews.”可知，是在电视台工作，主语是he，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选B。【3题详解】句意：所以我父母制定了一条家规。a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表示特指。此处“familyrule”是泛指，且是单数，修饰单数名词应用不定冠词，family是辅音音素开头的单词，所以此处应用不定冠词a。故选A。【4题详解】句意：每个星期六，我们每个人都必须给家人讲一条新闻。can能；can’t不能；must必须。根据“myparentsmake...familyrule:EverySaturday,weeach...tellapieceofnewstothefamily.”可知，既然是家规，就是必须要做的事情，故选C。【5题详解】句意：现在我正在给父母讲受欢迎的藏人丁真的故事。tell告诉，动词原形；amtelling告诉，现在进行时；aretelling告诉，现在进行时。根据“Now”可知，是现在进行时态，主语是I，所以应用amtelling。故选B。【6题详解】句意：后来我妈妈对我们说。on在……上面；of……的；to到。根据“mymothersays...us”可知，此处是saytosb“对……说”，固定用法。故选C。【7题详解】句意：它可以帮助学生更好地学习。help帮助，原形；helps帮助，第三人称单数；helping帮助，现在分词。根据“studentsstudybetter.”可知，此处指的是“帮助”，情态动词后用动词原形。故选A。【8题详解】句意：我父亲告诉我们关于中国嫦娥五号月球探测器的事。China中国；China’s中国的；Chinese’错误结构。根据“Chang’e5lunarprobe(嫦娥月球探测器).”可知，此处指中国的。China’s表示“中国的”。故选B。【9题详解】句意：我喜欢这个家庭规则，因为它帮助我们更多地了解我们的国家和世界。or或者；so因此；because因为。空格前后两句是因果关系，后句