2024年中考三模 英语（上海卷）（全解全析）

2024年中考第三次模拟考试（上海卷）英语（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：140分）注意事项：1.本试卷共两部分，七大题，满分140分，考试时间90分钟。2.请务必在答题卡上答题，在试卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。Part1Listening（第一部分听力）I.Listeningcomprehension（听力理解）（共25分）A.Listenandchoosetherightpicture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（5分）ABCDEF1.2.3.4.5.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】F【小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】B【原文】1.BeinganastronauthasalwaysbeenTerry’sdreamformanyyears.2.LookatlittleSam.Heisintheswimmingpoolwithhisfavouriteball.3.It’spossibleforpeopleinthefuturetotakepillsinsteadofhavingmeals.4.Whenfirealarmsgooff,weshouldruntotheplaygroundquicklyandcalmly.5.Nobodyhaseverseenthedinosaur.Peopleknowthembythecluestheyleftbehind.B.Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestionyouhear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（5分）2．A．Managerandsecretary. B．Doctorandpatient.C．Waitressandcustomer. D．Passengerandtaxidriver.【答案】A【原文】略3．A．Shethinksthereisabookbetterthanit. B．Shedoesn’tlikethebookatall.C．Shelikesthebooksomuch. D．Shehasnoideaaboutthebook.【答案】C【原文】略4．A．Tothemuseum. B．Totherestaurant. C．Totheschool. D．Tothehospital.【答案】D【原文】略5．A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.【答案】B【原文】略6．A．Coffee. B．Tea. C．Juice. D．Water.【答案】C【原文】略C.Listentothedialogueandtellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（5分）7．TomakeWatsonunderstand,Holmeshadtoexplainitallstepbystep.8．WatsonwasamazedhowHolmesknewhehadbeentoAfghanistan(阿富汗).9．WatsonwasintroducedtoHolmesasanarmydoctorwhentheymetthefirsttime.10．Watson’sfacewasquitedarkskinned,anditmeanthehadbeentoahotcountry.11．WatsonwenttoAfghanistantofightagainsttheBritisharmyatthattime.【答案】7．T8．T9．F10．T11．F【原文】略D.Listentothepassageandcompletethefollowingsentences（听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）（共10分）12．Teenagershavemorechancestogetstressed(压力)thanpeopleinanyother.13．Familiescanbeoneoftheofstress,suchasproblemswithparentsarguingathome.14．Gettingaplaceatuniversitycanbeandsomecan’taffordtodoit.15．Therearesomanyyoungpeoplefinishingschoolandnotforthem.16．Talkingtopeopleisoneofthebestwaysforteenagerstostress.【答案】12．agegroup13．biggestcauses14．verydifficult15．enoughjobs16．dealwith【原文】略Part2VocabularyandGrammar（第二部分词汇和语法）II.Choosethebestanswer（选择最怡与的答案）（共15分）17．—Hi.Judy.Haveyougraduatedfromcollege?—Yes.I________inNanjingUniversityforfouryears.A．havestudied B．studied C．study D．wasstudying【答案】B【详解】句意：——你好，朱迪。你大学毕业了吗？——是的。我在南京大学学习了四年。考查时态。根据“Haveyougraduatedfromcollege”以及“Yes”可知，此处是陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，故选B。18．—________willweknowtheresults?I’malittleworried.—Intwoweeks,don’tworry.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．Howlong D．Howmuch【答案】B【详解】句意：——我们多久能知道结果？我有点担心。——两周后，别担心。考查特殊疑问句。Howoften多久一次；Howsoon多久以后；Howlong多久；Howmuch多少。根据“Intwoweeks”可知，答语是“in+段时”，用howsoon提问。故选B。19．—Mum,I’msohungry.Wouldyoupleasepass________appletome?—OK.Hereyouare.A．a B．an C．the D．/【答案】B【详解】句意：——妈妈，我好饿。你能把一个苹果递给我吗？——好的。给你。考查冠词。a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头单词前；the那个，定冠词；/不填，零冠词。根据“appletome”可知，此处泛指一个苹果，填不定冠词；“apple”以元音音素开头，所以填an。故选B。20．—Whatdoyouthinkofthedishes?—Ilikeallthedishes________thefish.I’mallergic(过敏的)toit.A．against B．besides C．except D．with【答案】C【详解】句意：——你觉得这些菜怎么样？——除了鱼，我喜欢所有的菜。我对它过敏。考查介词辨析。against反对；besides除了，包括在内；except除了，不包括在内；with和。根据“I’mallergic(过敏的)toit”可知对鱼过敏，所以除了鱼之外，喜欢所有的菜，此处是不包括鱼，用except。故选C。21．Thereis________milkinthefridge.sowe’llgotothesupermarketandbuysome.A．few B．afew C．little D．alittle【答案】C【详解】句意：冰箱里几乎没有牛奶，所以我们将去超市买一些。考查代词用法。few少量，表否定，修饰可数名词；afew几个，修饰可数名词；little少量，表否定。修饰不可数名词；alittle几个，修饰不可数名词。根据“sowe’llgotothesupermarketandbuysome.”可知，冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了，所以才要去买。milk为不可数名词，表否定，需用little。故选C。22．—Howbigthehallis!—Yes.Itis________toholdmorethanonethousandpeople.A．toosmall B．enoughbig C．sosmall D．bigenough【答案】D【详解】句意：——大厅真大啊！——是的。它大得足以容纳一千多人。考查形容词短语辨析和enough的用法。toosmall太小；enoughbig表达错误，enough修饰形容词或副词时应置于其后；sosmall如此小；bigenough足够大。根据“toholdmorethanonethousandpeople”可知，此处是说足够大。故选D。23．Chaka(茶卡)SaltLake,themirrorofthesky,isoneof________destinationsinQinghai.A．lesspopular B．popular C．morepopular D．themostpopular【答案】D【详解】句意：茶卡盐湖，天空的镜子，是青海最受欢迎的目的地之一。考查形容词最高级。lesspopular不那么受欢迎，形容词比较级；popular受欢迎的，形容词原级；morepopular更受欢迎的，形容词比较级；themostpopular最受欢的，形容词最高级。根据“isoneof…destinationsinQinghai.”可知，此处是指将茶卡盐湖与青海的所有目的地进行对比，表示“最……之一”，应用形容词的最高级，其结构为“oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数”。故选D。24．—HaveyoureadtheChineseidiomstoryToRisewiththeRooster,Jessica?—Yes.Ittellsuswe________betoohard-working.A．can B．must C．can’t D．mustn’t【答案】C【详解】句意：——Jessica，你读过中国的成语故事“闻鸡起舞”吗？——是的。它告诉我们再怎么努力也不为过。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；must必须；can’t不能；can能。根据“I...betoohard-working.”可知，此处表示“无论怎样努力都不为过”；can’t...too“……怎样都不为过”，固定搭配。故选C。25．—AtraincrashhappenedinOhioseveraldaysago.—Thatwasreallybadnews.Peopleallwondered________.A．thatwhyithappened B．whatcausedtheterribleaccidentC．howdidthegovernmenthelp D．howmanypeoplearekilledinthecrash【答案】B【详解】句意：——几天前，俄亥俄州发生了一起火车相撞事故。——这真是个坏消息。人们都想知道是什么导致了这场可怕的事故。考查宾语从句。thatwhyithappened为什么它会发生；whatcausedtheterribleaccident什么导致了这场可怕的事故；howdidthegovernmenthelp政府是如何帮助的；howmanypeoplearekilledinthecrash在这场相撞事故中多少人遇害了。根据“Peopleallwondered”可知，此处考查宾语从句，引导词“that”和“why”不能同时使用，所以A选项错误；从句需要用陈述句语序，所以C选项错误；主句为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，所以D选项错误；B选项符合语境，故选B。26．________therearesomanythingsaroundusthatgoagainstourwill,wecan’tgivethemupbecausefollowingthedreamisimportant.A．Though B．If C．Since D．Unless【答案】A【详解】句意：虽然我们周围有很多事情违背我们的意愿，但我们不能放弃，因为追随梦想很重要。考查从属连词词义辨析。Though尽管；If如果；Since自从；Unless除非。分析可知，“therearesomanythingsaroundusthatgoagainstourwill”与“wecan’tgivethemup”存在转折关系，所以此处应用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。27．Youshouldavoid________ontheunderground.It’simpoliteandalsoagainsttherules.A．eat B．eating C．ate D．toeat【答案】B【详解】句意：你应该避免在地铁上吃东西。这是不礼貌的，也是违反规定的。考查非谓语动词。avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。28．Anewkindergarten_________inthelocalareainthecomingyear.A．isbuilt B．wasbuilt C．hasbeenbuilt D．willbebuilt【答案】D【详解】句意：明年将会有一所新的幼儿园在本地建造。考查被动语态。isbuilt被建立，为一般现在时的被动语态；wasbuilt过去被建立，为一般过去时的被动语态；hasbeenbuilt，已经被建立，为现在完成时的被动语态；willbebuilt将被建立，为一般将来时的被动语态。根据“inthecomingyear”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，主语Anewkindergarten是动作build的承受者，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为willbe+done。故选D。29．—Tony,Imissedtoday’slesson.Canyoulendmeyournotebook?—Sorry,I________ittoBettyalready.A．lend B．havelent C．willlend D．amlending【答案】B【详解】句意：——托尼，我错过了今天的课。你能把你的笔记本借给我吗？——抱歉，我已经借给贝蒂了。考查谓语动词的时态。根据“already”可知，表示过去的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，谓语动词的结构为have/has+过去分词。故选B。30．—Idon’tknowhowto________theoldclothes.—Youcangivethemawaytothecharity.A．handin B．takeup C．dealwith D．pickup【答案】C【详解】句意：——我不知道怎么处理这些旧衣服。——你可以把它们捐给慈善机构。考查动词短语。handin提交；takeup占据；dealwith处理；pickup捡起。根据“Youcangivethemawaytothecharity.”可知，此处说的是处理旧衣物的方法。故选C。31．—Dad,doyouknowthatPanZhanlebroketheworldrecordinthemen’s100-metrefreestyle?—That’samazing.TherearemanyotherChineseathleteslikehim.Successoftencomestothose________workhardandnevergiveup!A．how B．what C．which D．who【答案】D【详解】句意：——爸爸，你知道潘展乐打破了男子100米自由泳的世界纪录吗？——太棒了。像他这样的中国运动员还有很多。成功往往属于那些努力工作、永不放弃的人！考查定语从句。how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；who谁。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词those指代前文提到的“像潘展乐这样的中国运动员”，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词用who，故选D。III.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）A．affected

B．expected

C．caused

D．driven

E.confusedAdolescentsrefertoboysandgirlsathighschoollevel-morespecificallythesecond,thirdandforthyearsofhighschools.Indealingwithstudentsatthislevel,wemustbearinmindthattosomedegreetheyareatthedifficultstage,generallycalledadolescence.Studentsatthislevelarelikelytobe32mentally.Theyusuallyfindithardtoconcentrateonwhattheyintendtodoandoftenhaveromanticdreams.Theyarebasicallytimidorself-conscious.Theylackfranknessandareusuallyveryeasily33bytheirownemotionsbuthatetoadmitit.Theyare34eitherbygreaterambition,probablybeyondtheircapability,orbyextremelaziness35bythefearofnotsucceedingorachievingobjectives.Fundamentallytheywanttobekeptbusybuttheyrefusetoadmitit.Theyarewillingtowork,buttheyhatetoworkwithoutobtainingtheresulttheythinktheyshouldobtain.A．extremely

B．frequently

C．blindly

D．unreasonably

E.rarelyRegardingschoolissues,althoughtheyseldomsayso,theyreallywanttobeconsultedandgivenanopportunitytodirecttheirownaffairs,buttheyneedagoodamountofguidance.Theyseldomadmitthattheyneedthisguidanceandthey36rebelagainstit.Butifitisintelligentlyofferedtheyacceptitwithenthusiasm.Astopersonalbeliefs,mostofadolescentsarctryingtoformpoliticalidealsandtheyhaveatendencytobesometimes37idealistic,andatothertimesconventional,38acceptingwhattheirfathersandgrandfathersbelievedin.Theirviewonlifeusuallyfallsontwoextremes.Ontheonehandtheyaretoomodestandontheotherhand39boastful.Theytendtobeinfluencedmorebyastrongcharacterthanbygreatintelligence.Ofallperiodsoflife,thisiswhatmaybestbecalledthe“plasticage”.Havingabetterunderstandingofthecharacteristicsandneedsofyoungpeopleatthisageisataskthatfallsbothoneducatorsandotherpeopleinvolved.Itmayalsohelptheyounggothroughthisdifficultandcriticalstageoflifeinamoreconstructivemanner.【答案】32．E33．A34．D35．C36．B37．C38．D39．A【导语】本文主要介绍了青少年青春期的特征和问题，教育工作者和其他人员要了解他们的特点以便帮助青少年以一种更具建设性的方式度过这一艰难和关键的人生阶段。32．句意：这个水平的学生很容易在精神上感到困惑。根据“Theyusuallyfindithardtoconcentrateonwhattheyintendtodoandoftenhaveromanticdreams”可知他们通常很难集中精力做他们想做的事，而且经常做浪漫的梦，以及结合下文可知他们很容易感到困惑，confused“困惑的”，是形容词，故选E。33．句意：他们缺乏坦率，通常很容易受自己情绪的影响，但又不愿承认。根据“Theylackfranknessandareusuallyveryeasily...bytheirownemotionsbuthatetoadmitit”结合备选词汇可知，此处是指被情绪所影响，affected“影响”，符合语境，故选A。34．句意：他们要么是被更大的雄心所驱使，可能超出了他们的能力，要么是由于害怕无法成功或实现目标而导致的极度懒惰。根据“greaterambition,probablybeyondtheircapability”结合备选词汇可知，是雄心驱使他们做可能超过能力之外的事情，driven“驱使”，符合语境，故选D。35．句意：他们要么是被更大的雄心所驱使，可能超出了他们的能力，要么是由于害怕无法成功或实现目标而导致的极度懒惰。根据“orbyextremelaziness...bythefearofnotsucceedingorachievingobjectives”结合备选词汇可知，此处是指可能他们会害怕没有成功，而导致的懒惰，caused“导致”，符合语境，故选C。36．句意：他们很少承认自己需要这种指导，而且经常反抗这种指导。根据“Theyseldomadmitthattheyneedthisguidance”他们很少承认自己需要这种指导，结合备选词汇可知，不承认别人的指导，也就会经常去反抗，frequently“经常”，是副词，符合语境，故选B。37．句意：在个人信仰方面，大多数青少年都试图形成政治理想，他们有一种倾向，有时是盲目的理想主义，有时是传统的。根据“haveatendencytobesometimes...idealistic”结合备选词汇可知，理想主义很多时候都是盲目形成的，blindly“盲目地”，是副词，符合语境，故选C。38．句意：不合理地接受他们的父辈和祖辈的信仰。根据“sometimes...idealistic,andatothertimesconventional,”可知有时候是理想主义，有时候又是传统的，所以要大多数青少年接受他们的父辈和祖辈的信仰，这是不合理的，unreasonably“不合理地”，符合语境，故选D。39．句意：他们一方面太谦虚，另一方面又太自负了。根据“toomodest...boastful”可知太谦虚和极度自负是两个极端情况，extremely“极端地”，符合语境，故选A。IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）40．Whatacoincidence!Jessica’sbirthdayisontheofOctober,justasmine.(twelve)【答案】twelfth【详解】句意：真巧！Jessica的生日是10月12日，和我的生日一样。根据“Jessica’sbirthdayisonthe...ofOctober”可知，此处指日期，表示“10月12号”，空处应用twelve的序数词，故填twelfth。41．WouldyouliketoshowmesomeofyourtriptotheArcticPole?(photo)【答案】photos【详解】句意：你愿意给我看一些你去北极旅行的照片吗？根据所给单词以及“some”可知，some后跟可数名词复数形式，photo意为“照片”。故填photos。42．Wealllikeourmanagerbecauseofhisandresponsibility.(honest)【答案】honesty【详解】句意：我们都喜欢我们的经理，因为他的诚实和责任感，。形容词性物主代词his后面加名词，honest“诚实的”，形容词，其名词形式为honesty。故填honesty。43．NowadaysWeChatisusedamongpeopleofdifferentages.(wide)【答案】widely【详解】句意：如今，微信在不同年龄段的人中广泛使用。wide“宽的”，形容词，根据“is...used”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，其副词为widely。故填widely。44．Wheneveryouhaveadifficulty,yourparentswillalwaysgiveyouahand.(help)【答案】helpful【详解】句意：每当你遇到困难时，你的父母总是会帮助你。根据“Wheneveryouhaveadifficulty,yourparentswillalwaysgiveyoua…hand.”的句意可知，此处指父母总是会帮助你；根据空后的“hand”可知，此处应用所给词的形容词形式，作定语，helpful“有帮助的”符合。故填helpful。45．Atthebeginningoftheparty,thehostessalwaysintroducestotheguests.(she)【答案】herself【详解】句意：在晚会开始时，女主人总是向客人作自我介绍。由“thehostessalwaysintroduces…totheguests”可知，此处指向客人介绍她自己，应用反身代词。故填herself。46．Don’tjumpaconclusion!We’dbettertheproblemfirst.(discussion)【答案】discuss【详解】句意：不要草率下结论！我们最好先讨论一下这个问题。hadbetterdosth.“最好做某事”，空格处应填动词原形，discussion是名词，其对应的动词是discuss。故填discuss。47．Thesnowwillsoonwhenthewarmweathercomes.(appear)【答案】disappear【详解】句意：天气转暖时，雪很快就会消失。根据“thewarmweathercomes”可知，天气转暖，雪会消失，disappear“消失”，will后加动词原形。故填disappear。V.Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据所给要求，改写下列句子）（共14分）48．TheteachersofNo.1MiddleSchoolhaveameetingat3o’clockFridayafternoon.(改为否定句)TheteachersofNo.1MiddleSchoolameetingat3o’clockFridayafternoon.【答案】don’thave【详解】句意：第一中学的老师星期五下午3点有一个会议。分析原句可知，时态是一般现在时，句中包含实义动词have，所以改成否定句时，要在实义动词前用don’t或doesn’t，主语Theteachers表示复数，所以用don’t表示否定。故填don’t；have。49．WillEmmaarriveinShanghaiintwodays?Hekeptaskingme.（合并两句为一句）HekeptaskingmeEmmaarriveinShanghaiintwodays.【答案】whether/ifwould【详解】句意：Emma两天后会到上海吗？他一直在问我。分析句子可知，两句合并成带有宾语从句的句子，主句为“Hekeptaskingme”，一般疑问句“WillEmmaarriveinShanghaiintwodays?”充当宾语从句，应用whether或if引导，并改为陈述句语序，主句为一般过去时，从句时态应为过去将来时“woulddo”。故填whether/if；would。50．Insomeareasbamboos,insteadofwood,areusedtomakefurniture.(保持句意基本不变)Insomeareasfurnitureisbamboosinsteadofwood.【答案】madeof【详解】句意：在一些地区，竹子代替木头被用来制作家具。分析原句可知，同义句可转化为“家具是用竹子而不是木头制成的”，bemadeof意为“由……制成”（能够看出原料），同义句中已包含be动词is，故填made；of。51．HefeelssoproudtobeelectedchairmanoftheStudents’Union.(改为感叹句)hefeelstobeelectedchairmanofthestudents’Union!【答案】Howproud【详解】句意：被选为学生会主席，他感到非常自豪。结合题干可知，感叹句的结构可采用：How+形容词+主语+谓语+其他！proud“自豪的”，形容词。故填How；proud。52．Organicvegetablescostmuchmorethannon-organicvegetables.(保持句意基本不变)Non-organicvegetablesdon’tcost

asorganicvegetables.【答案】as/somuch【详解】句意：有机蔬菜的价格远高于非有机蔬菜。该句也可表达为“非有机蔬菜不如有机蔬菜花费得多”。“不如……”为notas/so...as，中间跟形容词或副词的原级，此处修饰动词cost，应用副词much，故填as/so；much。53．ThecuteBaymaxfromBigHero6attractedpeopleofdifferentagestothiscartoonfilm.(改为被动语态)Peopleofdifferentages

bythecuteBaymaxfromBigHero6tothiscartoonfilm.【答案】wereattracted【详解】句意：《超能陆战队》中可爱的大白吸引了不同年龄段的人观看这部卡通电影。根据原句可知，时态是一般过去时，所以原句改成被动语态的话，要采用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是：was/were+动词过去分词，主语People表示复数，所以be动词应用were，动词attract变成attracted。故填were；attracted。54．byhimself,enough,findout,he,to,clever,isn’t,thetruth(连词成句).【答案】Heisn’tcleverenoughtofindoutthetruthbyhimself【详解】根据所给单词及标点可知，该句为陈述句。该句为句型“sb.+be+形容词+enough+todosth.”，he作主语，be动词为isn’t，形容词为clever，动词短语为findoutthetruth，byhimself作状语，故填Heisn’tcleverenoughtofindoutthetruthbyhimself“他不够聪明，不能自己找出真相”。Part3ReadingandWriting（第三部分读写）VI.Readingcomprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A.Choosethebestanswer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）Cruisesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular,witharound20millionpassengersperyearnowenjoyingholidaysonboardluxury(奢侈的)ships.Morepeopleseeacruiseastheperfectwaytositbackanddonothing,andenjoytimeoffwork.Butwhatistheeffect(影响)ontheenvironmentofthistrend?Althoughitusuallytakeslessenergyforavehicletomovethroughwaterthanoverland,cruiseshipsareoftenverybig,withthebiggestonescarryingupto6,000passengers.Movingsuchlargevehiclesrequireshugeengineswhichburnasmuchas300,000litresoffueladay.Onescientisthascalculatedthatcruiseshipsproduceasmuchpollutionas5millioncarsgoingoverthesamedistance.Becausetheyareoutatsea,theyalsoburndirtierfuelthatisn’tallowedonland.Unfortunately,nogovernmenthascontrolovertheamountofairpollutionoutatsea.Cruisesalsoproducehugeamountsofrubbish,andcruiseshipsaren’tusuallygoodatrecycling.Wastewaterfromshowersandtoiletsisusuallypoureddirectlyintothesea—asmuchperdayasfromasmalltown.Wastefoodfromrestaurantsisn’tputintothesea,butstillcausesproblemswhenbroughtbacktotheland.Cruiseshipsalsocausedifficultiesinthecitieswheretheystop.Populardestinationscangetfiveorsixshipsperday,withthousandsoftouristsatatime.Goodforrestaurants?No.Restaurantownerscomplainthatthevisitorslookaroundforafewhoursandthenreturntotheirshiptoeat.What’smore,thecrowdscanputoffothertourists,whocomplainthatthestreetsaretoobusy.Sometownshavebannedcruiseshipsorputalimitonthenumberthatcanstopatthesametime.Peoplewhocareabouttheenvironmentworrythatasthecruiseindustrycontinuestogrow,sowilltheissuesforourplanet.55．Theunderlinedword“trend”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.A．change B．event C．decision D．problem56．Thebiggestcruisecanholdabout_______passengers.A．20,000,000 B．300,000 C．6,000 D．5,000,00057．Cruiseshipscausealotofairpollutionbecause_______.A．theycarrylargenumbersofcarsandpassengersaswellB．theyusetypesoffuelthatarenotallowedonlandC．ittakesmoreenergytomovethroughwaterthanoverlandD．theirenginesarenotaspowerfulasthoseofothervehicles58．Howiswastewaterdealtwithoncruiseships?A．It’sthrownawayatsea. B．It’sproperlyrecycled.C．It’sbroughtintoatown. D．It’sstoredintheships.59．Whyarecruiseshippassengersnotpopularinsomecities?A．Theydon’tspendmoneyonmealsintherestaurants.B．Theyfilluptherestaurantsandmakenoise.C．Theycomplainwhenthecityistoocrowded.D．Theyaresometimesrudetoothertourists.60．Thepurposeofthepassageisto_______.A．introduceanewwayoftravelling B．explainsomeproblemscruiseshipscauseC．advisegovernmentstobancruiseships D．encouragepeopletotrycruiseships【答案】55．A56．C57．B58．A59．A60．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游轮旅行产生的环境污染。55．词义猜测题。根据“Cruisesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular,witharound20millionpassengersperyearnowenjoyingholidaysonboardluxury(奢侈的)ships.”可知，现在越来越多人享受游轮旅行，已经成为一种趋势，此处trend表示“趋势”，意思和change类似，表示人们生活习惯的一种改变。故选A。56．细节理解题。根据“…withthebiggestonescarryingupto6,000passengers.”可知，最大的游轮可容纳约6000名乘客。故选C。57．细节理解题。根据“…cruiseshipsproduceasmuchpollutionas5millioncarsgoingoverthesamedistance.Becausetheyareoutatsea,theyalsoburndirtierfuelthatisn’tallowedonland.”可知，游轮造成了大量的空气污染，因为它们使用的燃料是陆地上不允许使用的。故选B。58．细节理解题。根据“Wastewaterfromshowersandtoiletsisusuallypoureddirectlyintothesea…”可知，游轮上的废水被倒进海里。故选A。59．细节理解题。根据“Restaurantownerscomplainthatthevisitorslookaroundforafewhoursandthenreturntotheirshiptoeat.”可知，一些乘客并不在当地餐馆吃饭。故选A。60．主旨大意题。根据“Butwhatistheeffectontheenvironmentofthistrend?”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了游轮所产生的环境污染。故选B。B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）GeniuskidsorWhizzkidswilloftenhavein-depthknowledgeinoneareaofinterest.Everyparentwantstobelievetheirchildisspecial,andtheyare!Howcanyoutellifyourlittleoneismorethanjust61?“Gifted”canbedescribedas“thosewhoshowoutstandinglevelsinoneormoreareas”.Thefollowingaresomesigns.●

RacingthroughmilestonesOneofthefirstsignsthatyoumayberaisingageniusappearsveryearlyinachild’slife.Adoctorsays,“Languageskillsmaybegreatlyaboveagelevel.Manygiftedchildrenoften62alargevocabularyandspeakinlongsentencesatanearlyage,”shesays.●

TheylovetoreadGeniuskidsoftenlearntoreadquicklyandearlierthanotherchildrenthesameageandenjoyreadingformeaningand63.Ifyourchildhasworkedtheirwaythroughsomereadinglist,theymaywellbegeniusmaterial!●

Curiosity(好奇心)abouttheworldSmartkidsareinterestedintheworldaroundthem,butrealgeniuseshaveagreatcuriositytofindoutabouttheverydetailofhowthingswork.Giftedchildrenmighthaveanunendingstreamofquestionsfortheirparentstoanswer64.●

65knowledgeabouttheirfavouritetopicGeniuskidscantellyouthescientificnameofeverydinosaurorexplaintheworkingsystemofacarengine.AsScienceDailyexplains,“Awhizz-kidissomeonewho,bytheageofabout11,showsunderstandinginafieldlikeadults.”●

LeadershipskillsManygeniuskidswillbecomeleadersofindustry.Adoctorsaysthatgiftedchildrencantakechargetofindthemosteffectivesolution.Theyalwayslookforwaystoimprovetheirperformance.Thisisagoodqualityofleaders.Theyusuallycanleadateam66theyhavemoreconfidenceintheirsenseofdirectionandexperienceintakingcharge.61．A．smart B．strong C．healthy D．pretty62．A．notice B．appreciate C．develop D．invent63．A．examination B．pleasure C．record D．honor64．A．politely B．loudly C．patiently D．kindly65．A．Limited B．Detailed C．Basic D．Traditional66．A．unless B．but C．though D．as【答案】61．A62．C63．B64．C65．B66．D【导语】本文主要介绍天才儿童的一些特点。61．句意：你怎么知道你的孩子不仅仅是聪明呢？smart聪明的；strong强壮的；healthy健康的；pretty漂亮的。根据“GeniuskidsorWhizzkids”和“Howcanyoutellifyourlittleoneismorethanjust...?”可知，谈论天才儿童，所以是聪明的，故选A。62．句意：天才儿童往往在很小的时候就扩充了大量的词汇，能说长句子。notice注意；appreciate欣赏；develop发展，扩充；invent发明。根据“Manygiftedchildrenoften...alargevocabulary”可知，天才儿童往往在很小的时候就扩充了大量的词汇，故选C。63．句意：天才儿童通常比其他同龄的孩子更快更早地学会阅读，并且从阅读中获得意义和乐趣。examination考试；pleasure乐趣；record记录；honor荣耀。根据“enjoyreadingformeaningand...”可知，从阅读中获得意义和乐趣，故选B。64．句意：天才儿童可能有没完没了的问题需要父母耐心回答。politely礼貌地；loudly大声地；patiently耐心地；kindly善良地。根据“Giftedchildrenmighthaveanunendingstreamofquestions”可知，天才儿童可能有没完没了的问题，所以父母要耐心回答，故选C。65．句意：关于他们最喜欢的话题的详尽的知识Limited有限的；Detailed细节的；Basic基本的；Traditional传统的。根据“Geniuskidscantellyouthescientificnameofeverydinosaurorexplaintheworkingsystemofacarengine.”可知，天才孩子可以告诉你每一种恐龙的学名，或者解释汽车引擎的工作系统，所以天才儿童了解喜欢的话题的详尽的知识，故选B。66．句意：他们通常可以领导一个团队，因为他们对自己的方向感和管理经验更有信心。unless除非；but但是；though虽然；as因为。“theyhavemoreconfidenceintheirsenseofdirectionandexperienceintakingcharge”是“Theyusuallycanleadateam”的原因，用as引导原因状语从句，故选D。C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）Itisnaturalforyoungpeopletoworshipcoolandgood-lookingyoung“idols”.Wespendalotoftimecaringaboutthem—e67moretimethanwespendonourstudiesorwork.Weoftenwonder:Whatmakesthemsopopular?WhatcouldIdotobecoollikethem?Well,guesswhat?Manyofyouridolsareonlymadeto“look”cool.Ifyoucouldseeintotheirp68lives,youwouldfindthesestarsaren’tsobright.Theirbeautyisonlyskin-deep.Someofthemmightnotbeashonest,kindorhard-workingasyouare!Theydon’tdeservethepopularitythattheyenjoyatall!WhenIwasateenager,I,a69withmostofmyclassmates,hadworshippedpopidols,too.Then,oneday,IdiscoveredLeonardCohenandNeilYoung.Theywereordinary-lookingpeoplewhoplayedtheguitarwhilesittingonastool(凳子).Theyw70noflashy(花俏的)clothes,andtheyhadnoscreaming(尖叫的)fans.Theydidn’tneedtobeflashybecausetheirsongsweregreatandmeaningful.Theytoldthet71:Lifeishardandtheroadyoutakemightsometimesbelonely.Mostofall,theytaughtmethatitwasokayifIwasnotpopularandcoolallofthetime.Istilllistentothemtoday.Modern“idolculture”oftensendsthew72messagethatlifeisalwayseasyandfun.Butthebestactors,thetop-rankingsportsstarsandthemostcreativescientistsallhavescars(伤疤)fromthestressofdealingwithlife’smanydifficulties.Manyofthesuccessful“outgoing”peopleweadmiretodaywereshywhentheywereteenagers.Idolscanserveasimportantrolemodelsinourlives,soit’sveryimportanttochoosetherightones.Weshouldcelebratepeoplewhoteachusimportantvaluesthatcanhelptog73usontheroadahead.Thenexttimeyouseesomepretty,popular“stars”,askyourself:DoIreallyneedthesepeopleinmylife?【答案】67．(e)ven68．(p)rivate69．(a)long70．(w)ore71．(t)ruth72．(w)rong73．(g)uide【导语】本文是关于作者对“偶像文化”的分析与评价，并倡导树立正确价值观。67．句意：我们花了很多时间关心他们，甚至比我们花在学习或工作上的时间还要多。根据前文中“alotoftime”和空后“moretimethan…”，结合首字母提示，可知空处为even意为“甚至”。故填(e)ven。68．句意：如果你能看到他们的私生活，你会发现这些明星并没有那么光鲜亮丽。根据下文“youwouldfindthesestarsaren’tsobright”（你会发现这些明星并没有那么光鲜亮丽），结合首字母提示，可知空处为privatelives意为“私生活”。故填(p)rivate。69．句意：当我十几岁的时候，我和我的大多数同学一样，也崇拜流行偶像。根据“hadworshippedpopidols,too”（也崇拜流行偶像），结合首字母提示，可知空处为alongwith意为“跟……一起”。故填(a)long。70．句意：他们不穿花俏的衣服，也没有尖叫的粉丝。根据空后“flashy(花俏的)clothes”，结合首字母提示，可知空处指“不穿花俏的衣服”，wear意为“穿”，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，wear的过去式是wore。故填(w)ore。71．句意：他们说的是事实：生活是艰难的，你所走的路有时可能是孤独的。根据空后“Lifeishardandtheroadyoutakemightsometimesbelonely.”（生活是艰难的，你所走的路有时可能是孤独的。），结合首字母提示，可知空处为truth意为“事实”。故填(t)ruth。72．句意：现代“偶像文化”常常传递出错误的信息，即生活总是轻松而有趣的。根据下文“hatlifeisalwayseasyandfun”（即生活总是轻松而有趣的），结合上文所述“生活是艰难的，你所走的路有时可能是孤独的。”和首字母提示，可知空处为wrong意为“错误的”。故填(w)rong。73．句意：我们应该赞扬那些教会我们重要价值观的人，这些价值观可以帮助我们在前进的道路上指引我们。根据空后“ontheroadahead”（在前进的道路上），结合首字母提示，可知空处为guide意为“指导、指引”。故填(g)uide。D.Answerthequestions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）SITWITHUSYou’reatyournewschool.It’slunchtime,butyoudon’thaveanyonetositwith.Youwanttojoinsomeoneattheirtable,butyou’renotsureifthey’refriendly.Whatdoyoudo?Onestudent’ssolutionwastocreateanapp.NatalieHamptonfromCalifornia,USA,knowswhatitfeelsliketobealoneatanewschool.Shefounditdifficulttomakenewfriendsandhadtosearchforanewtableatluncheveryday.Ifshe,shefelt.Butifsheaskedtojoinsomeoneandgotrejected[1],shefeltembarrassed.Hersolutionwastocreatealunch-planningapptohelpstudentslikeherfindpeopletohavelunchwith.Theapp—calledSitWithUs—issimple.Ifastudentishavinglunchintheafternoon,theycancreateaninvitation.Otherstudentscanopentheappandacceptthatinvitation.Theycanthenusetheapptodecidewhenandwheretomeet.Thisallowsstudentstomakeplansonlineinsteadofface-to-face.Thisisthereasonitworkssowell:itreducestherisk[2]ofrejection,andtheembarrassmentthatgoesalongwithit.Natalieispleasedwiththewaypeoplearerespondingtoherapp-especiallyth