北京市2024中考英语二轮复习阅读理解7

PAGEPAGE29北京2024中考英语阅读理解（七）专题十八阅读理解第7讲北京西城二模阅读理解CD篇教学目标教学目标1.驾驭本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。2.驾驭阅读理解的解题技巧,并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。3.通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累,及阅读理解解题技巧的练习,敏捷应对各种阅读理解题。C篇名师点拨名师点拨学问篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”,在英语学习的过程中,语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理,能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。敬爱的同学,老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句,快来看看你驾驭了吗？高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以老师提问的形式进行。能够精确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）单词/短语词性词义拓展驾驭状况优良差speakup大声讲，畅所欲言onlineadj.在线的getalongwith与…和谐相处disagreev.不同意opp.agreen.disagreementarguev.争辩，辩论n.argumentrespectfullyadv.尊敬地adj.respectfuldiscussionn.探讨v.discusscalmlyadj.冷静地，安静的pointout指出，指明patientadj.有耐性的liev.说谎，躺n.谎言avoidv.避开，避开wrongadj.错误的opp.righttrustv.信任，信任freedomn.自由adj.free长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备,以老师提问的形式进行。能够精确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译的为差。）1.Abouttwooutofthreekidssaidtheygetalongverywellwiththeirparents.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：大约三分之二的孩子们说他们与父母相处的很好。本句中包含着一个由that引导的宾语从句，作said的宾语，that省略。2.Whentheydisagreewiththeirparents,theysaytheyhaveadiscussioncalmly.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：当他们与父母看法不一样的时候，他们说他们进行了冷静地探讨。本句中包含着一个由when引导的时间状语从句，当…的时候。3.Kidsandparentsgetalongdifferentlyatdifferenttimesofthejourneyoflife.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：孩子们和父母在生命旅程的不同时期的相处是不同的。本句翻译时要留意中英语序的差别。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的协助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。敬爱的同学,老师已经为你细心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你驾驭了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速阅读全文，了解文章也许。阅读时要留意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，假如遇到未学或不相识的单词或不理解的句子，可以依据上下文揣测，切不行停留而放慢速度。其次步阅读问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能协助进一步理解文章的主要内容，详细做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中准确表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分打算。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把须要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是依据文章内容自上到下依次设计的，依据难度先解决简单的，最终解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必需再细致阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细微环节理解题，推理推断题，揣测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细微环节理解题说明本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细微环节或文章的主要事实的理解实力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、缘由（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等经常考察这些细微环节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)…?解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurt B.giveupcutting C.feelawkward D.changetheirtools本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案阅读题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，阅读段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“假如你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。假如你感到别扭并不让人惊异。”，依据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理推断题说明推理推断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维实力，即要求学生依据文章的逻辑关系进行推理推断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、看法等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.依据作者的意图和看法进行推断典题精析Boredomisoftenlinkedwithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的看法，第一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，其次段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得主动，因为他能够自由思索”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创建力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义揣测题说明单词的揣测实力是阅读理解实力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要依据文中语境来推断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“…”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系揣测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义3.通过构词法揣测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来揣测词义5.通过描述揣测词义6.用学问和生活阅历揣测词义7.依据上下文的指代关系揣测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown. B.Keepupwith. C.Gobeyond. D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义阅读本段，会发觉本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创建力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应当与之相反，进一步推想词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题说明考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领悟和理解实力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout_____.3.问目的，看法：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.阅读文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以驾驭主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是其次段段落大意，要首先锁定其次段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand表明白在过去人们认为运用左手是惊奇的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明白现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲解并描述了人们关于惯用左手的人的看法上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.，故选D。语篇精讲语篇精讲阅读问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Accordingtothepoll,howmanykidsgetalongverywellwiththeirparents?（细微环节理解题）A.About4/5. B.About2/3. C.About1/2. D.About2/5.2WhatdoesLynessadvisekidstodowhenargumentshappen?（细微环节理解题）A.Listentotheirparentscalmly. B.Trytounderstandtheirparents.C.Voicetheiropinionswithpatience. D.Tellawhitelietoavoidproblems.3AccordingtoLyness,whichisapossiblewayforkidstogetmorefreedom?（细微环节理解题）A.Totellthetruth. B.Tocaremoreabouttheirparents.C.Tomakelesstrouble. D.Tohaveatalkwiththeirparents.4Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?（推理推断题）A.Disagreementsbetweenparentsandkidsareavoidable.B.Kidsages12to14liemorebecausetheyhavelessfun.C.Therelationshipbetweenparentsandkidsstaysthesame.D.Bothparentsandkidsshouldmakechangestogetonwell.通篇寻读（通读文章，依据问题中的关键词标记出文章中的重点词，短语或句子，为逐题分析做打算）话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类说明文3807分钟__/4★★★KidsSpeakUpInanonlinepoll(投票),TIMEFORKIDSandKidsHealth.orgaskedkidshowtheyaregettingalongwiththeirparents.Here’swhattheytoldus.GettingAlongandHavingFunAbouttwooutofthreekidssaidtheygetalongverywellwiththeirparents.Aboutfouroutoffivetoldustheyhavefunwiththeirparents.Butthatdoesn’tmeantheyneverdisagree.Infact,mostkidsreportedarguingwiththeirparentssometimes.“It’scommontodisagreeandargue,”saysD’ArcyLyness,achildpsychologist(心理学家).“Butit’salsoimportanttolearnhowtodosorespectfully.”Abouthalfofthekidssaidtheyaredoingthat.Whentheydisagreewiththeirparents,theysaytheyhaveadiscussioncalmly.Buttwooutoffivekidssaidargumentsalwaysinvolveshoutingateachother.Lynesspointsoutthatshoutingneverhelps.“Speakup,andletyourparentsknowyourideas,”sheadvises.“Butbepatient.Don’tusearaised,angryvoice.”Notsurprisingly,threeoutoffourkidsadmitted(承认)tolyingattimes.Manysaidtheylietoavoidgettingintroubleordisappointingtheirparents.AccordingtoLyness,lyingisn’tjustwrong.Itcanactuallygetbadresults.Tellingthetruthbuildstrust.“Whenparentscantrustyou,theyaremorelikelytogiveyoumorefreedom.”shesays.AChangingRelationshipKidsages12to14notonlysaidtheyliemore,buttheyalsoreportedhavinglessfun,feelinglessclose,andnotgettingalongaswellwiththeirparents.AccordingtoLyness,thosefeelingsarenotuncommon.Askidsgrowup,theyhavemoredisagreementsorargumentswiththeirparents.Butitdoesn’thavetobethatway.“Kidsandparentsgetalongdifferentlyatdifferenttimesofthejourneyoflife,”shesays.Askidsgrowandchange,itisimportantforeverybodytoadapt(适应).“There’sadanceofwaysthatyouactwithothersandgetalong,”shepointsout.“Thenthere’sachange,andit’sadifferentdance.”Changeisnormal,shestresses.Sharethisstorywithyourfamily.Youmayfindthatyouhavealottotalkabout.逐题分析语篇解读：本文是一篇日常生活类的说明文，主要阐述了孩子成长过程中在与父母相处方面遇到的一些问题及针对这些问题的解决方法。1.Accordingtothepoll,howmanykidsgetalongverywellwiththeirparents?A.About4/5. B.About2/3. C.About1/2. D.About2/5.解析：B.细微环节理解题。题干意为“依据这项投票，有多少孩子与父母相处的融洽？”，依据题干关键短语getalongverywellwith可将答案锁定在文章其次段中，依据关键句Abouttwooutofthreekidssaidtheygetalongverywellwiththeirparents.可知答案为大约2/3，故选B。2.WhatdoesLynessadvisekidstodowhenargumentshappen?A.Listentotheirparentscalmly. B.Trytounderstandtheirparents.C.Voicetheiropinionswithpatience. D.Tellawhitelietoavoidproblems.解析：C.细微环节理解题。依据题干关键句whenargumentshappen可将答案锁定在第4段中，依据关键句“Speakup,andletyourparentsknowyourideas,”sheadvises.“Butbepatient.Don’tusearaised,angryvoice.”“大声说出来，让你的父母知道你的想法，但是要耐性一些，不要用一个提高音调的，生气的声音。”，通过本句可知，在和父母发生争辩时，孩子应当耐性的表达出自己的想法，故选C。3.AccordingtoLyness,whichisapossiblewayforkidstogetmorefreedom?A.Totellthetruth. B.Tocaremoreabouttheirparents.C.Tomakelesstrouble. D.Tohaveatalkwiththeirparents.解析：A.细微环节理解题。依据题干关键短语getmorefreedom可将答案锁定在文章第五段中，依据段中关键句Tellingthetruthbuildstrust.“Whenparentscantrustyou,theyaremorelikelytogiveyoumorefreedom.”shesays.“讲出事实能够铸造信任。“当父母能够信任你时，他们可能给你更多自由。”，故可以推断要想获得更多自由，应当讲事实，故选A。4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Disagreementsbetweenparentsandkidsareavoidable.B.Kidsages12to14liemorebecausetheyhavelessfun.C.Therelationshipbetweenparentsandkidsstaysthesame.D.Bothparentsandkidsshouldmakechangestogetonwell.解析：D推理推断题。本题须要逐项解除。A项意为“父母和孩子之间的分歧是可以避开的。”，依据第三段关键句“It’scommontodisagreeandargue,”可知“争吵和分歧是常见的”，所以此项错误；B项意为“12到14岁的孩子撒谎更多，因为他们有更少的乐趣。”，依据第六段关键句Kidsages12to14notonlysaidtheyliemore,buttheyalsoreportedhavinglessfun,可知撒谎更多与乐趣更少之间不是因果关系，故此项错误；C项意为“父母和孩子之间的关系保持不变”，依据倒数其次段关键句“Kidsandparentsgetalongdifferentlyatdifferenttimesofthejourneyoflife,”可知孩子在不同时期与父母之间的关系是不同的，故此项解除；D项意为“为了相处融洽，父母和孩子都应当做出变更。”，依据最终一段关键句Changeisnormal,shestresses.“变更是正常的”可知此项正确，故选D。精讲笔记（学生在老师的指导下,回顾本讲中积累的阅读理解的学问和方法）语篇中积累的词汇（至少积累10个）单词词性及词义单词的运用（激励学生用所学词汇造句）语篇中的学到的方法（至少驾驭2种）细微环节理解题1、2、3推理推断题4词义揣测题主旨大意题实力提升实力提升基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译★单词/短语词性词义speakupadj.在线的getalongwithv.不同意v.争辩，辩论respectfullyadv.n.探讨adj.冷静地，安静的pointoutadj.有耐性的v.说谎，躺v.避开，避开wrongadj.v.信任，信任freedomn.二、句子英汉互译★★1.当UFO着陆的时候，他正在购物。_____________________________________________.2.我知道他是一名加拿大运动员。______________________________________________.3.Abouttwooutofthreekidssaidtheygetalongverywellwiththeirparents.______________________________________________.4.Whentheydisagreewiththeirparents,theysaytheyhaveadiscussioncalmly.______________________________________________.5.Kidsandparentsgetalongdifferentlyatdifferenttimesofthejourneyoflife.______________________________________________.阅读练习话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级广告布告类说明文3537分钟__/4★★★Kidsdon’thaveavoice.Theyhavenowaytosharetheirideas.TEDxYouthisalocallyorganizedevent,wherelivetalksandrecordedvideosaresharedwiththecommunity(社区).TEDxYouthisalwaysheldonChildren’sDayeveryyear.Itbringstogetherbigideasfrom,andforkids.Moreimportantly,itencourageskidstosharetheirideaswiththeworld.“Ageisbutanumber.You’renottooyoungtochangetheworld.Planninganeventalongsideyoungpeoplemakesyourealizethatkidshaveideasthatanadultmightusuallynotthinkof,”saidoneTEDxYouthspeaker.Anotherspeakersaid,“WhatIhavecometorealizeisthatnomatterwhereyouliveorhowoldyouare,everyoneiseagertobesomeonegreat.”OrganizingaTEDxYoutheventshowsthatkidsareabletodomuchmorethanwhat’sexpected.Theytrulytakethiseventandmakeitevenmorethanwhateveryonehopesitwillbe.“Thefactthatyouth,justlikeme,hadplannedandruntheeventshockedmemost,”saidonevolunteer.“Ithoughttheeventwassurprising.Icouldn’tbelievethatkidsofmyagemadetheeventhappen.”ThereareseveralwaystotakepartinTEDxYouth.Theeasiestwayistobecomeaspeaker,ifyouthinkyourideaisworthspreading.Anotherwayistoattendanevent.Andlastly,youcanbecomeaTEDxYouthReporter.Reporterstakepicturesfromtheeventandpostthemonline,andsendnewsaboutwhatishappeningatevent,interviewsomeofthespeakers,andwritearticlesabouttheevent.“Itwaswonderfultoseehowyouthteammemberswerewiththewholeeventandhowthankfultheywere(andstillare!)tobegivensuchanunbelievablechanceasbeingpartofaTEDxevent,”saidanorganizer.TEDxYouthiswelcomingkidsfromeveryculturewhowanttohaveadeeperunderstandingoftheworld.Thosewhogetinvolvedwithitbelieveinthepowerofideas,whichcanchangeattitudes,livesandtheworld.1.WhatisthemainpurposeofholdingaTEDxYouthevent?（细微环节理解题）A.Togivekidsachancetorecordvideos. B.Tospreadkids’ideasallovertheworldC.Toraisemoneyforthelocalcommunity D.Tohelpkidswiththeirschoolwork2.Whatdidavolunteerthinkoftheevent?（细微环节理解题）A.Quitetypical B.PrettycrazyC.Ratherdifficult D.Surprisinggood3.Oneofareporter’sjobsisto____.（细微环节理解题）A.giveatalk B.dosomeinterviewsC.plananevent D.organizesomeactivities4.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?（主旨大意题）A.WhenIsTEDxYouthHeld? B.WhycanKidsRealizeTheirDreams?C.HowCanKidsShareBigIdeas? D.WhatChangesCanTEDxYouthBringUs?参考答案基础过关一、词汇/短语英汉互译单词/短语词性词义speakup大声讲，畅所欲言onlineadj.在线的getalongwith与…和谐相处disagreev.不同意arguev.争辩，辩论respectfullyadv.尊敬地discussionn.探讨calmlyadj.冷静地，安静的pointout指出，指明patientadj.有耐性的liev.说谎，躺avoidv.避开，避开wrongadj.错误的trustv.信任，信任freedomn.自由二、句子英汉互译。1.HewasshoppingwhentheUFOlanded.2.Iknow(that)heisaCanadianathlete.3.大约三分之二的孩子们说他们与父母相处的很好。4.当他们与父母看法不一样的时候，他们说他们进行了冷静地探讨。5.孩子们和父母在生命旅程的不同时期的相处是不同的。阅读练习1.B2.D3.B4.CD篇名师点拨名师点拨学问篇高频词单词/短语词性词义拓展驾驭状况优良差insteadadv.代替，反而，相反limitedadj.有限的limitv.限制，限定adventuren.冒险explorev.探究，探险suitv.适合，使…适应accordingto依据，依据putoff推迟nearbyadj.旁边的pullaway（火车等）起先行驶funnyadj.好玩的，好笑的definitelyadv.当然，确定的pleasev.使兴奋，使满足practicaladj.实际的，好用的incase以防，万一sickadj.生病的长难句1.Instead,theywalkaroundwithbackpacksfilledwitheverythingtheyneed,readytosleepunderthestarsifnecessary.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：相反，他们背着装着他们所须要的必需品的双肩背包四处走走，假如有必要的话打算好了在户外睡觉。本句中短语filledwitheverythingtheyneed为过去分词短语作定语，修饰backpacks，表示被动，双肩背包被装满…。2.Withtheirlimitedbudget,theyneedtochooselodgings(住宿)andtransportbasedonanoldsaying—thelowertheprice,thebetter.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：考虑到他们有限的预算，他们须要依据一个原则来选择住宿和交通——价格越低，越好。本句包含初中阶段重点句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越…，越…”，本句型也可以用在写作中。3.Travellingwithfriendshelpsyoulearnaboutgettingonwithpeopleandworkingtogether.（优良差）_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：和挚友一起旅行能够帮助你学习与人相处和团队合作。本句型中的travellingwithfriends为动名词短语做主语。方法篇“方法得当,事半功倍。”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的协助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理,能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。敬爱的同学,老师已经为你细心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你驾驭了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速阅读全文，了解文章也许。阅读时要留意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，假如遇到未学或不相识的单词或不理解的句子，可以依据上下文揣测，切不行停留而放慢速度。其次步阅读问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能协助进一步理解文章的主要内容，详细做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中准确表达所要回答问题的关键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分打算。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把须要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是依据文章内容自上到下依次设计的，依据难度先解决简单的，最终解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必需再细致阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细微环节理解题，推理推断题，揣测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细微环节理解题说明本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细微环节或文章的主要事实的理解实力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、缘由（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等经常考察这些细微环节。设题方式1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false?2.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentioned?3.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc)…?解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案2.变通理解，间接转述找答案3.多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Whichhanddoyouusewhenwrite?About8to15percentofpeoplearelefthanded.Theyoftenhavetousetoolsthataredesignedforright-handedpeople.Soitisdifficultforleft-handerstousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.Ifright-handerscutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill.A.gethurt B.giveupcutting C.feelawkward D.changetheirtools本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题，干脆就题找答案阅读题干，确定关键短语为cutuppotatoeswiththeirlefthand，阅读段落，确定关键句Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:Takeaknifewithyourlefthandandtrycuttingapotatointopieces.Don’tbesurprisedifyoufeelawkward（别扭的）.“假如你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。假如你感到别扭并不让人惊异。”，依据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型题型二：推理推断题说明推理推断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维实力，即要求学生依据文章的逻辑关系进行推理推断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、看法等。设题方式1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_____.2.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.3.Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree?4.Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma_____.解题技巧1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断3.依据作者的意图和看法进行推断典题精析Boredomisoftenlinkedwithloneliness,butawriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.Shetoldresearchersaboutherchildhood.Havingfewthingstodo,Syaloftentalkedwithherneighbors.Shealsotriedtodothingslikelearningtobakecakes.“Butimportantly,IThoughtandwrotealot,becauseIwasbored,”Syalsaid.Shekeptadiary,fillinghertimewithshortstoriesandpoemsshemadeup.GraysonPerry,anartist,grewupinafamilywithlittlemoney.Heenjoyedhimselfbymakingupstories,drawingpicturesforhisstoriesandreadingmanybooksinthelibrary.Boredbutfree,hespenthourslookingoutofthewindow,watchingthechangingcloudsandseasons.Perryfilleduphisfreetimewithwhatheliked.Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.ThewritertalksaboutSyalandPerryto.A.stressthegreatdifferencesbetweenthemB.introduceapopularwriterandafamousartistC.suggestgoodwaysofgoingthroughboredomD.showeffectsofboredomondevelopingcreativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2.依据文章所供应的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的看法，第一段中关键句为awriternamedMeeraSyalsaidboredomhadhelpedherindevelopinghermind.意为“MeeraSyal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，其次段关键句为Hebecamecreative,becausehecouldthinkfreely.意为“他变得主动，因为他能够自由思索”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创建力，”，故选D。题型题型三：词义揣测题说明单词的揣测实力是阅读理解实力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要依据文中语境来推断。设题方式1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans______.2.Theword“…”mostlikelymeans_____.3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.解题技巧1.通过因果关系揣测词义2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义3.通过构词法揣测词义4.通过定义或释义说明来揣测词义5.通过描述揣测词义6.用学问和生活阅历揣测词义7.依据上下文的指代关系揣测词义典题精析Childrenareexpectedbytheirparentstobereadingatextbookallthetime.However,researchshowsthatitmayhamperthedevelopmentoftheirimagination,whileboredomcangivethemopportunitiestodevelopcreativity.Whatdoestheword“hamper”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Slowdown. B.Keepupwith. C.Gobeyond. D.Giveriseto.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系揣测词义阅读本段，会发觉本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创建力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应当与之相反，进一步推想词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型题型四：主旨大意题说明考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领悟和理解实力。设题方式1.问标题：Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?/Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.2.问中心：Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____./Thepassageismostlyabout_____.3.问目的，看法：Theauthorwantstotell_____./Thepurposeofthisarticleisto_____.解题技巧1.阅读文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3.以驾驭主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图典题精析Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Youngstudentslookeddownupontheirleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunishedforusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandtowrite.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Causesofbeinglefthanded.B.Encouragementtoleft-handersC.Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D.Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2.阅读全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是其次段段落大意，要首先锁定其次段的关键词but，but之前的关键词inthepast和itwasstrangetousethelefthand表明白在过去人们认为运用左手是惊奇的，but之后的关键词thesedays和haveacceptedthat表明白现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲解并描述了人们关于惯用左手的人的看法上的转变。可以判定答案为Changesinopinionsonleft-handers.，故选D。语篇精讲语篇精讲阅读问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Whatdobackpackersusuallydo?（细微环节理解题）A.Stayinpriceyhotels. B.Facealotofdangers.C.Spendmuchmoney. D.Choosecheaptransport.2WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutBettyistrue?（细微环节理解题）A.Bettypreferredtravellingwithherfamilyonholidays.B.Thefriendshipimprovedasaresultoftheiradventures.C.OnlyhalfofBetty’sgroupcaughtthetraintoAuckland.D.BettytouredNewZealandwithbackpackersshemetthere.3What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?（主旨大意题）A.Togiveussomeadviceonbackpacking.B.TotellusaboutBetty’stravellingstory.C.Tointroduceahottravelstyle,backpacking.D.Toencourageustotravelwithlessmoney.通篇寻读话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类说明文4557分钟__/3★★★★Travellingwithyourbelongsonyourback,orbackpackingisself-plannedbudget(预算)touringusinglow-costtransport,andoftengoingonfoot.Backpackersdon’tcarrysuitcasesorstayinpriceyhotels.Instead,theywalkaroundwithbackpacksfilledwitheverythingtheyneed,readytosleepunderthestarsifnecessary.Withtheirlimitedbudget,theyneedtochooselodgings(住宿)andtransportbasedonanoldsaying—thelowertheprice,thebetter.Thelure(吸引力)ofadventurehasmadebackpackingapopulartravelstyleamongyoungpeopleandstudentswhoareseldomownersoffatwallets.Theypreferexploringaplacebythemselves,withonlyaprintedmap,orasmartphoneonhand.“Apackagetourmaysuitafamily’sneeds,butit’snotmycupoftea,”saysBettyLam,whowentbackpackinginNewZealandwiththreefriendslastsummer.“Iwanttoexploreaplaceaccordingtomychoice,mytimetableandmyself.”Werethereanyparticularlymemorableeventsonthetrip?“Once,thetraintoAucklandwasputoffandtwoofourgroupwerehungry,sotheylefttheirbackpackswithusandwenttoanearbyshoptobuysomethingtoeat.IstillrememberthescenewithTammyandmerunningflatouttocatchthetrain,carryingfourhugebackpacks.Theothertwowereracingbehindusasthey’dpanickedwhentheysawthetraingettingreadytopullawayfromthestation.IheldthetraindooropenwhileTammywasshouting.“Quick—jumpin!”SusiecameinheadfirstwithJunelandingonthetopofherlikeasackofpotatoes!Itwassofunny!”Sowasthetripworthalltheeffort?“Definitely.True,wehadafewquarrels(争吵);wehavedifferentinterests,anditwasn’teasytopleaseeverybody.Butwemanagedtoreachacompromise(妥协)everytime.Travellingwithfriendshelpsyoulearnaboutgettingonwithpeopleandworkingtogether.Allofushadgainedalotbytheendoftheholiday—thefourofushadbecomereallygoodbuddies.”Whatshouldbackpackersalwayscarrywiththem?Bettylaughs—“nottoomuch!Comfortablewalkingshoesareimportant.Araincoatisnecessaryandbringsomepracticalclothes.”So,isthateverythingtobearinmind?“Well,yesandno,becauseyoucan’tprepareenough.Youneedmuchinformationaboutwhereyou’regoingtostay,transport,food,etc.Mostimportantly,youmusthaveinsurance(保险)—justincaseyourmoney,passportorbackpackgetstolen,oryougetsick.Taketimeplanningandyou’llhavefunsafely.”逐题分析语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇日常生活类的说明文，主要介绍了背包旅行这种旅行方式，它的优点及留意事项。1.Whatdobackpackersusuallydo?A.Stayinpriceyhotels. B.Facealotofdangers.C.Spendmuchmoney. D.Choosecheaptransport.解析：D细微环节理解题。题干意为“背包旅行者通常做什么？”，A意为“住在价格昂贵的旅馆里”，依据第一段关键句Backpackersdon’tcarrysuitcasesorstayinpriceyhotels.可知他们不住在价格昂贵的旅馆里，故错误；B意为“面对着许多危急”，本项文章没有提到，故错误；C意为“花费许多钱”，依据第一段关键句Withtheirlimitedbudget,theyneedtochooselodgings(住宿)andtransportbasedonanoldsaying—thelowertheprice,thebetter.可知他们的预算有限，所以此项错误；D意为“选择便宜的交通方式”，同样是依据第一段最终一句thelowertheprice,thebetter可以判定此项正确，故选D。2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutBettyistrue?A.Bettypreferredtravellingwithherfamilyonholi