英语修辞转喻and提喻

1102Group4转喻法(Metonymy)提喻法(Synecdoche)1/27

ContentsDefinition2Metonymy3Synecdoche4Comparison5Introduction

12/27IntroductionLiteralLanguageFigurativeLanguage(Trope修辞，比喻)SimileMetaphorMetonymySynecdoche3/27DefinitionofMetonymyMetonymyisafigureofspeechhastodowiththesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanother.转喻是在提及事物时不用其本身名字称呼而是用与它亲密相连概念来替换它一个英语修辞格。它着重是事物本身特点或它与其它事物之间特殊关系4/27(1)以事物特征代替事物、人本身。(2)以工具代替动作或行为者(3)以人或物代特征(4)以事物活动场所代替事物或活动者(5)以某物产地代替该物(6)以作者或生产者代替作品或产品

(7)以容器代替其中内容

.。。。。。。。。。使用方法Metonymy转喻5/27Metonymy(转喻）(1)以事物特征代替事物、人本身。

Grayhair

shouldberespected.Nocross,nocrown.(Aproverb)6/27Metonymy(转喻）(2)以工具代替动作或行为者He

wasraisedtothe

bench.His

pensways

over

half

ofthecivilizedworld.7/27Metonymy(转喻）(3)以人或物代特征Thereismuchoftheschoolboy

inhim.Thewolfandthepigmingledtogetherinhisface.8/27Metonymy(转喻）(4)以事物活动场所代替事物或活动者TheWhiteHouse(白宫)→thePresidentorExecutivebranchoftheUSgovernmentCapitolHill(国会山)→thelegislativebranchoftheU.S.governmentWallStreet(华尔街)→U.S.Financialcircles9/27Metonymy(转喻）(5)以某物产地代替该物WouldyoucareforacupofLongjing?Maotai

Scotch

（whisky威士忌）

10/27Metonymy(转喻）(6)以作者或生产者代替作品或产品OurSonyworkedwell.

WedroveaFordtoHydePark.

11/27Metonymy(转喻）(7)以容器代替其中内容Heisfondofthebottle.他喜欢喝酒。Whatdisheswouldyoulike?您要什么莱?Thekettleisboiling.壶(水)开了。Heisinhiscupsagain.他又喝醉了。12/27

ExerciseHesettheroom

roaringwithlaughter.他使全屋子暴发出笑声。Thecoatwouldbebeyondhismiserablepocket.他钱少得可怜，买不起那件大衣。Whenevermyhusbandhasabaddayattheoffice,hehitsthebottle.每当我丈夫在办公室不顺心，他就喝得酩酊大醉。13/27Metonymy(转喻）(8)以详细事物代替抽象事物Helivesbythepen.HeistoofondofthebottleIfoundthepatriotinhim.Don’tact／playthefool.Playtheman!14/27Metonymy(转喻）(9)以抽象事物代替详细事物Inthepresentinstance,itwassicknessandpovertytogetherthatshecametovisit.(JaneAusten)Itisapitythatthereismoreignorancethanknowledgeinthecountry.15/27Metonymy(转喻）(10)以“颜色词+名词”组成名词来替换意义上与之相关名词Heistheblacksheepinthefamily.Hehasayellowstreak.Hemightbethedarkhorseintheswimmingcontest.16/27Synecdoche大致上可分为6类：以部分代全体以全体代部分以一个事物代替一类事物用一类事物代替一个事物用原材料代替其制品以个体代替一类17/27Synecdoche（提喻）1、以部分代全体Theywereshortofhands

atharvesttime.Noeye

sawhim,butasecondlatereveryearheardagunshot.Thepoormanhadsix

mouths

tofeed18/27Synecdoche（提喻）2、以全体代部分England

wonthefootballgame.Thebirdssangtowelcomethe

smiling

year.Hehasgainedafootinginthemusicalworld.19/27Synecdoche（提喻）（3）

以属代替种Springvanisheswiththerose.It

willcostyouaprettypenny20/27Synecdoche（提喻）4）

以种代替属What

a

lovely

creature!21/27Synecdoche（提喻）（5）

以详细代抽象Heearnedhis

bread

asateacher.Thewolf

andthe

pig

mingledtogetherinhisface.22/27Synecdoche（提喻）（6）

以抽象代详细Allthe

wit

and

learning

oftheworldwere

assembled

there.Itwas

sickness

and

poverty

togetherthatshecametovisit.23/27转喻（metonymy）与提喻(synecdoche)比较metonymy是利用人体部位指代其功效或特点例1：Herheartruledherhead.她感情控制了理智synecdoche则是利用人体部位指代整体例2：Noeyesawhim,butasecondlatereveryearheardagunshot没有些人看见他，可是，一秒钟以后每个人都听到一声枪响。人体部位指代人24/27转喻（metonymy）与提喻(synecdoche)比较

metonymy

Weareallears.

我们洗耳恭听synecdocheTwoheadsarebetterthanone.两个脑袋总比一个脑袋强。25/27例5：Heh