2024-2025学年高中英语Module3AdventureinLiteratureandtheCinemaSectionⅢGrammar-复习动词形式Ⅲ教案含解析外研版必修5

PAGE1-SectionⅢGrammar-复习动词形式Ⅲ[语法初识]原句感知自主探究1....butwhenIsuggestedthatwemightfindsomethingusefulontheboat,heagreedtogo.2．Whenheheardthat,thefrightenedmanonthefloorstartedcrying.3．Weclimbedquietlyinandaswepaddledawayweheardthetwomenshouting.4．ButIpersuadedhimtohelpme,wefoundthemen'sboattiedtotheothersideofthesteamboat.5．Thereweretwomenstandingoverhim.6．ButalthoughIwasfrightened,Ialsofeltverycurious,soIputmyheadroundthedoor.1.句1和句2分别用了动词不定式和动词ing形式作宾语。2．句3和句4分别用了动词ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语。3．句5中动词ing形式作定语；句6中过去分词作表语。4．句6中的黑体词felt为连系动词。[语法剖析]语法点一非谓语动词非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、动名词和分词三类，它们没有人称和数的改变，但有时态和语态的改变。非谓语动词能作除谓语之外的其他句子成分。1．动词不定式和动词ing形式作宾语(1)动词不定式作宾语时，往往跟在某些及物动词的后面。常见的此类动词有：afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,manage,pretend,plan,refuse,hope,want,wish等。HowIwishtoseemyoldfriendsagain!我是多么想再见到我的老挚友啊！[巧学助记]决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选安排，同意要求帮一帮。(2)跟动词ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)有：enjoy,admit,avoid,escape,consider(考虑),delay,putoff,giveup,advise,suggest,dislike,mind,miss,practise,risk,appreciate,beusedto(习惯于),feellike,lookforwardto,getdownto,can'thelp(不由自主)等。Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我很感谢两年前给我出国学习的机会。[巧学助记]坚持练习不躲避，建议完成少延期。享受忍受不介意，避开否定与嫉妒。思索冒险想象力，承认过错宽恕你。(3)动词不定式或动词ing形式作宾语时，假如其后跟宾语补足语，这时常用it作形式宾语，把不定式或动词ing形式后置。Wethinkitquiteimportanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell.我们认为学好一门外语很重要。Weconsideritnousearguingwithher.我们认为和她争辩是没用的。(4)既接动词不定式也接动词ing形式的动词①有些动词接不定式和动词ing形式时没有很大区分，如continue,begin,start,prefer,like,love,hate等。②有些动词或动词短语后面接不定式和动词ing形式作宾语，意思却完全不同。eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgettodosth.遗忘要做某事,forgetdoingsth.遗忘做过某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(remembertodosth.记得要做某事,rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodosth.准备做某事,meandoingsth.意味着做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth.试图做某事,trydoingsth.试着做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth.停下来去做某事,stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(regrettodosth.缺憾/愧疚要做,regretdoingsth.懊悔做过某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(goontodosth.接下来做另外一件事,goondoingsth.接着做原来的事情))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(can'thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事,can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事))Ireallyregretmissing/havingmissedhislecture.我很懊悔错过了他的讲座。Iregrettotellyouthatyouhavebeendismissed.我很缺憾地告知你你被开除了。2．动词不定式和动词ing形式作宾语补足语(1)跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise,allow,beg,tell,ask,order,persuade,cause,force,forbid,invite,request,want,warn等。Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。(2)有些动词，如make,let,have,see,watch,hear,notice等用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to。Isawhimgointotheclassroom.我望见他走进了教室。(3)动词ing作宾语补足语时，宾语和宾语补足语之间是主动关系，且强调动作正在进行或持续。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时，我听见她在唱英文歌。Don'thavethelightsburningallthenight.不要让灯整夜都亮着。[名师点津]感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示动作已经发生；跟动词ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行。3．动词ing形式和动词ed形式作定语(1)动词ing形式作定语与被修饰词之间是主动或进行关系；动词ed形式作定语与被修饰词之间是被动或完成关系。Thesleepingboyismyson.那个正睡觉的男孩是我儿子。HaveyoureadanyshortstoriestranslatedbyLuXun?你读过鲁迅先生翻译的短篇小说吗？(2)某些具有使动意义的动词ed形式表示心理感受或心理状态，常被译作“感到……的”，而其ing形式常表示事物的性质特征，常译作“令人感到……的，令人……的”。afrightenedlook一个胆怯 的表情afrighteninglook一个令人胆怯 的表情4．动词ing形式和动词ed形式作表语动词ing作表语表示主语的性质；动词ed作表语表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受。Theshoutwasfrighteningandtheboysfeltfrightened.那声大喊令人胆怯 ，那帮男孩胆怯 了。集中演练11－1.单句语法填空①So,whatkindsoffooddoyouavoideating(eat)?②Idon'tallowsmokinginmydrawingroomandIdon'tallowmyfamilyto_smokeatall.(smoke)③AsIwillbeawayforatleastayear,I'dappreciatehearing(hear)fromyounowandthentelling(tell)mehoweverythingisgoing.④Andwealsogavehimtheboiled(boil)riceandwater.⑤It'stimeIgotdowntothinking(think)aboutthatessay.⑥Ithinkitessentialto_reserve(reserve)airtickets.⑦Theresultofthetalkwassatisfying(satisfy),sowehadabigdinnertogetherlastnight.⑧Thefrightened(frighten)boystartedcryingandlookedforhismothereverywhere.⑨Ifinallypersuadedmymotherto_give(give)memorefreedomonweekends.⑩Harrygotexcited(excite)whenheheardthenewsthathehadbeenchosentobeanexchangestudent.1－2.单句改错⑪Thepolicemanwasastonishingtofindthedriverwasanineyearoldboy.astonishing→astonished⑫AndIoftenhearbirdssung.sung→singing⑬Thereareancientdescriptionsofcrossbowshidingatthetomb'sentrance.hiding→hidden⑭“I'lltreatyoutoabigdinnerifIwin.”hesaidinanexcitingvoice.exciting→excited⑮Weshouldthinkofawaytomakehimbecomeinterestinginoureresting→interested⑯Don'tworry,Susan.I'llhavePetertohelpyouatonce.去掉to⑰Assheislookingforwardtohearfromme,pleaseremembertopostthisletteronyourwaytoschool.hear→hearing⑱Mr.Greenwarnedhissonnottodrivingafterdrinking.driving→drive⑲NowletmetotellyouwhatIaminterestedin.去掉to⑳Everyhighschoolstudentwantstogetintofamousuniversitiesandtheyspendmostoftheirtimereviewlessons.review→reviewing语法点二连系动词1．连系动词本身有肯定意义，但不能独立作谓语，必需和表语一起构成复合谓语。常见的连系动词有：(1)状态系动词：be,remain,keep,stay；(2)表示“看起来”的系动词：seem,appear,look；(3)表示“……起来”的感官系动词：feel,smell,sound,taste,look；(4)改变系动词：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come等。Whenshesawthis,sheturnedred.她看到这，脸红了。Youlookyoungforyourage.就年龄而言，你看上去很年轻。Allourdreamwillcometrueoneday.我们全部的幻想总有一天会成真的。2．连系动词后面除可跟形容词外，也可接like,asif/asthough等短语或句型。Hesoundsasifhewerecryingwhilesheappearslikeahappygirl.他听起来似乎在哭，而她看起来像一个欢乐的女孩。集中演练22－1.完成句子①Atthenews,shebecame_very_angry.听到这个消息，她变得很生气。②Theseflowerssmell_very_sweet.这些花闻起来很香。③Sheturned_nurseasshehadexpected.她如愿成为一名护士。④Itlooks_like_a_horseatfirst.一起先它看起来像一匹马。2－2.翻译句子⑤她病了一星期了。(fall)It's_a_week_since_she_fell_ill.⑥天看起来似乎要下雨。(look)It_looks_as_if_it_is_going_to_rain.⑦那些橘子很好吃。(taste)Those_oranges_taste_good.⑧天气变得越来越温煦了。(get)The_weather_is_getting_warmer_and_warmer.[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Theyarerequiredto_process(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.解析：考查非谓语动词。requiresb.todosth.意为“要求某人做某事”，其中不定式作宾补，变成被动语态为berequiredtodosth.，故填toprocess。2．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,laying(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格内的词与digging，building为并列关系，一起作include的宾语，故填laying。3．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantsto_prove(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.解析：考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事”，其中不定式作宾语，故填toprove。4．(2024·北京高考)Jimhasretired,buthestillrememberthehappytimespent(spend)withhisstudents.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆已经退休了，但是他依旧记得和学生一起度过的欢乐时间。句子已经有谓语了，逻辑主语time和spend之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。5．(2024·江苏高考)Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehidden(hide)withinthework.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：进行艺术评论时，你得假设艺术家在作品中藏了一个隐秘信息。hide与message之间是被动关系，故填hidden作后置定语。6．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Yangshuois(be)reallybeautiful.AstudyoftravelersconductedbythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.解析：阳朔真的很美丽。此处是客观陈述，故应当运用一般现在时。由下句中的谓语动词name运用一般现在时也可知道答案。7．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeopleliving(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.解析：住在上海和香港的人们。由于people和动词live之间是主谓结构，故应当运用living作定语修饰名词people，相当于定语从句wholiveinShanghaiandHongKong。8．(2015·浙江高考)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearitbeing_performed(perform)liveisquiteanother.解析：句意：在家听音乐是一回事，去听现场演奏又是另一回事。宾语it与perform之间是被动关系，应当用被动形式，beingperformed表示正在进行的被动动作。9．(2014·福建高考)Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstayingconnected(connect)．解析：句意：对那些远离家庭成员的人来说，个人电脑和电话对保持联系来说是重要的。stay是系动词，“人”和“联系”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作表语。[针对演练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Beforeleaving,wespenthalfanhourplaying(play)withthestudentsthere.2．Theycanchooseto_live(live)inmanyenvironmentsandinawidevarietyofways.3．Thestorytold(tell)byMr.Wangisinteresting(interest)．4．Iheardthesongsung(sing)inEnglish.5．Shewasbroughtupinabigfamily,soshehadbeenusedtosharing(share)whatshehadwithothers.6．Thepublicgotshocked(shock)whentheyheardthenewsthatmorethan3,000peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.7．Thebossexpectedmeto_take(take)hisplace,butIrefusedbecauseIdidn'thavemuchexperience.8．Whentheteachercaughthimcheating(cheat)intheexam,shestoppedhimatonce.9．Mr.Linagreedto_give(give)ussomehelpwhenwesetupourowncompany.10．It'spleasing(please)tothinktheselovelychildrenaremystudents.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Ourteacheroftenencourages_us_to_findourowndifferentwaystolearnwell.我们老师常常激励我们找到自己不同的方法学好学问。2．Iremembered_to_lock_the_doorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butIforgot_to_turn_offthelights.我离开办公室前记得去锁门，但却忘了关灯。3．Bookswritten_in_easy_EnglishareverypopularamongChinesemiddleschoolstudents.用简洁的英语写的书在中国的中学生中很流行。4．Onherwayhome