广东省深圳市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试卷 - 原卷

2024~2025学年度高一下学期期中考试英语考生注意：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：外研+人教版必修Book2Unit3~Book3Unit1.第一部分单项选择（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.______byhisteammates'support,theyoungathletefinallyrealizedhisgoal.A.Havinginspired B.Inspiring C.Inspired D.Toinspire2.Thevolunteerworkedtirelessly______awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.A.beingraised B.havingraised C.raised D.toraise3.Thegovernmenthas______newmeasurestoaddresstherisingissueofhomelessness.A.increased B.introduced C.affected D.afforded4.Thescientistsaregoingto______theremotemountainareafornewspeciesofplants.A.explore B.gather C.attack D.imagine5.Thecompanyplanstoexpanditsbusiness______byestablishingpartnershipsinEuropeandAsia.A.illegally B.actually C.forever D.further6.Theteachergaveaclear______ofthenewtopic,makingiteasyforstudentstounderstand.A.explanation B.suggestion C.imagination D.arrangement7.Hewas______abouttheexam,eventhoughhehadstudiedwell.A.busy B.excited C.anxious D.happy8.Thetouristguidebook______usefultipsaboutbudgettravelisavailableattheinformationdesk.A.contained B.containing C.tocontain D.beingcontained9.Afterthelonghike,theyfeltagreatsenseof______whentheyfinallyreachedthetopofthehill.A.achievement B.disappointment C.failure D.confusion10.Notuntiltherescueteamarrived______howmuchdamagethefloodcaused.A.theyrealized B.theyhadrealizedC.hadtheyrealized D.didtheyrealize11.Shefeltreally______afterfinishingthedifficultprojectontime.A.confused B.proud C.guilty D.familiar12.Therewasabig______intheclassroomwhentheteacherannouncedthesurprisetest.A.reaction B.presentation C.competition D.collection13.TheDragonBoatFestival,______featuresdragonboatraces,iscelebratedinmemoryofQuYuan.A.where B.when C.which D.who14.Sofarthissemester,Sarah______herpublicspeakingskillssignificantlybypracticingdailyinfrontofamirrortotakepartintheschooldebatecompetitionnextmonth.A.improved B.hadimproved C.hasimproved D.isimproving15.Herkindwordsgavemealotof______whenIwasfeelingdown.A.comfort B.danger C.pressure D.honour16.Theflightwasdelayedforthreehours.______,wereceivednoapologyfromtheairline.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise17.The“ZeroWaste”campaignencouragespeopleto______single-useplasticsindailylife.A.express B.quit C.describe D.consider18.______technologymakescommunicationfasterandeasier,peoplecanstayconnectedwithlovedonesfromafar.A.Until B.Unless C.Although D.Since19.Theancienttraditionofstorytelling______inmanycultures,preservinghistorythroughgenerations.A.helpsout B.holdson C.diesout D.liveson20.Shereceivedalotof______fromherfriendswhenshestartedhernewjob.A.tension B.support C.gratitude D.confusion第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFuturescape:WhereAIMeetsSpace&Sustainability●RobotsoftheFuture(FirstFloor):EngagewithadvancedAIrobotsthroughdynamicdemonstrationsandhands-onprogrammingactivities.Experiencereal-timemachinelearninginteractionsandhumanoidrobotcommunicationinthiscontinuouslyupdatedexhibition.●SpaceExploration(SecondFloor):Journeythroughspacehistorywithauthentic(真实的)NASAhistoricalobjects,includingraremoonrocksamplescollectedduringtheApollomissions.Thispopularexhibitionoperatesonlyonweekendsduetothedelicatenatureofitslunarsamples.●Eco-Planet(ThirdFloor):FightclimatechangethroughimmersiveVRgamesthatrecreaterenewableenergyprojects.Designwindfarms,restorecoralreefs,orbalanceurbanecosystemsinouraward-winninginteractivestations.Admission&Discounts:●Adults:￥60|Students(withID):￥30●Grouprates:10%discountforgroupsof10+visitors●Freeentryforchildrenunder6andseniorsover70SpecialEvents:SolarCarWorkshop(Ages12+):Buildfunctionalsolar-poweredvehiclesusingrecycledmaterialsatthisfreeworkshop.Limitedto30participants.Date:Saturday,April20(2:00-4:00PM)Registration:RequiredbyApril18atthefrontdeskVisitorGuidelines:●Nofood/drinksinexhibitionzones●Photographypermitted(turnoffflashtoprotectexhibits)●Stroller(婴儿车)parkingavailablenearelevatorsPlanYourVisit:OpenTuesday-Sunday(9AM-5PM).Allow2-3hoursforfullexperience.Downloadourappforaugmented(增强)realityexhibitguides!21.Whatdoallthreeexhibitionfloorshaveincommon?A.Displayhistoricalobjects. B.Showcasefuturetechnology.C.Focusonyoungchildren. D.Offerinteractiveexperiences.22.Howmuchwouldagroupof15studentspayintotal?A.¥405. B.￥300. C.¥450. D.¥495.23.Whatactivityrequiresadvanceregistration?A.VRgames. B.Robotinteraction.C.Solarcarworkshop. D.Photography.BSeventeen-year-oldMeimissedhergrandmother'slivelycountrysidegardenaftermovingtoagraycityapartment.Thebusystreetsandcrowdedelevatorsmadeherfeellonely.Onerainyafternoon,shefoundarooftopcoveredwithtrashandbrokentiles(瓦片).Rememberingalessonabouthowplantscouldimprovecities,Meidugintoherpocketandfoundadrysunflowerseedfromheroldhome.Withtremblinghands,sheplanteditinabrokenflowerpot,determinedtobringlifetotheemptyspace.ClassmateslaughedatMei'sidea,sayingplantscouldn'tgrowinthepollutedair.Shedidn'tlisten,collectingoldbucketsandplasticbottlestouseasplanters.Everyweekend,shecarriedheavysoilfromnearbybuildingsitesuntilhershouldersached.Butherfirstplantsturnedyellowintherain,andstrongwindsblewawayherpots.JustasMeifelthopeless,Ms.Chen,anexperiencedgardenerlivingdownstairs,noticedherstruggles.ShebroughtMeibamboosticksandtaughthertogrowplantsupwardonmetalpipes,wheretheairwascleaner.Together,theybuilttallbamboosupportsforclimbingvegetables.Slowly,greenleavesappeared:sunflowersgrewtallerthanMei,herbsfilledtincanswithfreshsmells,andredtomatoesbrightenedthegrayrooftop.Neighborsbeganvisitingteenagershelpedmixleftoverfoodintoplantsoil,whilechildrenpaintedsmilingfacesonoldbottles.Duringapowerfultyphoonthatfloodedthestreets,thegarden'sbamboopipesdirectedtherainwateraway,protectingtheirbuildingfromdamage.PeoplewhooncedoubtedMeinowwateredtheplantsdaily.Attheautumnfestival,therooftopwasfullofcolor.Meigaveoutbasilplants(罗勒植物)inreusedyogurtcups,explaininghowthegardenconnectedeveryone.Ms.Chensmiledasfamiliessharedstories,theirclothesdirtyfromsoilandpaint.Therooftop,oncesilent,nowbuzzedwithbeesandchildren'slaughter.Againstthecoldcitybuildings,goldensunflowersstoodlikebravesoldiers,provingthateveninthehardestplaces,life—andhope—couldgrow.24.WhatdirectlyinspiredMeitostartherrooftopproject?A.Alessononurbangreenspaces. B.Supportfromherfriends.C.Advicefromaplantexpert. D.Encouragementfromneighbors.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMei'sprojectinparagraph2?A.Interestingandsimple. B.Costlyanddemanding.C.Challengingandcreative. D.Ineffectiveandprogressing.26.Whatroledidtherooftopgardenplayduringthetyphoon?A.Foodsupplyforresidents. B.Buildingstructuresupport.C.Safeplaceforanimals. D.Flooddamageprevention.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PollutionCrisis:UrbanChallenges.B.GreenRevival:HealingBrokenSpaces.C.ElderWisdom:AgriculturalRevival.D.StormDefense:EngineeringSuccess.CMarinescientistshavebuiltarobotfishnamedBionicSwimmertosavestrugglingcoral(珊瑚)areas.Weighingjust1.2kg—aboutasheavyasathickdictionary—thisrobotfishmoveslikearealfishwithitssoftrubber-likematerialfinsthatwavegently.Designedasahiddenobserverofthesea,itnavigatesthroughcoralgardenswithoutfrighteningmarinelife.Ittakesclearpicturesofcoralsthatarelosingcolorandchecksthewater’stemperatureandacidity(酸度).Unlikenoisyunderwatermachinesthatscareseaanimalsaway,BionicSwimmerfitsperfectlywithunderwaterhabitats.Thisrobotfishcanworknonstopfor12hoursandmapfadingcoralareas20%fasterthanhumandivers.Unliketraditionalunderwatermachinesthatscaresealifewithloudnoisesitusesaflexible,fish-liketailtomovequietly.Duringa2023missiononAustralia’sGreatBarrierReef,itcheckedriskyareas35%fasterbyusingtinysensorstocheckwaterchangesinrealtime.However,whendivingdeeperthan50meters,40%ofitsdatadisappearsbecausewaterpressureweakenssignals—likeatextmessagethatdoesn’tgetdelivered.Thisshowsthechallengesofexploringthedeepsea.Tofixthis,MITscientistsaddedlight-uptoits“skin,”inspiredbybioluminescentanglerfishthat“talk”withself-madelightindarkwater.Thesespotsblinklikeacodetosenddataupwards.Testsincompletedarknessunderhighpressureshowedthatthis“lightlanguage”works85%ofthetime.“Deep-seacreaturesgaveusthissmartmethod,”saysprojectleaderDr.ElenaTorres,“especiallyhowbioluminescentanimalslearnedtocommunicateindarkness.”By2025,upgradedBionicSwimmerswilluselong-distancelaser(激光)technologytosendreal-timewarningsfromthedeepestpartsoftheocean.Theseroboticprotectorscankeepwatchoncoralareasallthetime,noticingdangeroustemperatureincreasesfromfartherawaythancurrentsystems.Imaginebrightrobotfishswimmingthroughacoralarea—theirnewtoolssendingsignalsacrosswideunderwaterspacestokeepsealifesafe!28.WhatisthemaintaskofBionicSwimmer?A.Exploringdeep-seavolcanoes. B.Testingoceanmaterialresistance.C.Monitoringcoralhealthsecretly. D.Replacingunderwaterphotographers.29.HowdoesBionicSwimmerdifferfromolderequipment?A.Divingbeyond100meters. B.Usingsolarenergy.C.Managingextremepressure. D.Silentfish-likemovement.30.Whatdoes“bioluminescent”meaninParagraph3?A.Survivingwithoutoxygen. B.Sensingtemperatureshifts.C.Producingnaturallight. D.Hidingfromhunters.31.Whatisexpectedtoimproveperformance?A.Expandingsignalrange. B.Increasingswimmingspeed.C.Attractingseacreatures. D.Cuttingproductioncosts.DSchooldininghallsdiscoveredasurprisingfact:Whenstudentsface6jamchoices,theybuy10timesmorethanwhenoffered24options.This“choiceoverload,”studiedbypsychologistBarrySchwartz,nowaffectsteenagerseverywhere.Frompickingschoolcoursestochoosingdrinkflavors,endlessoptionsleaveteensstressedinsteadofexcited.Schwartz’sresearchhighlightsaparadox(矛盾):whilefreedomofchoiceseemsdesirable,toomanyoptionsoftenleadtoanxietyandindecision,makingithardertotakeaction.Brainscienceshowswhythishappens.Toomanychoicesactivatethebrain’sfearcenter,triggeringfeelingsofuncertainty,andtirethedecision-makingarea,whichhandleslogicaljudgments.Forexample,a10thgraderfromacoastalcityadmitsspending40minutesdailysurfingavideoapp.“Ican’tstopsearchingfortheperfectshortvideo,”hesays.Thisillustrates“decisionfatigue(疲劳)”—amentalexhaustioncausedbyconstantsmallchoices.Overtime,thistakesenergyneededforcriticaltaskslikehomeworkorplanningfuturegoals.PhilosopherHannahArendt’sideaabout“smallevils”fromthoughtlessactionsfindsnewmeaningtoday.Shearguedthatrepetitive,unthinkingbehaviorscouldleadtoharmfulconsequences.Modernlifemirrorsthis:endlesstrivial(琐碎的)decisions—likepickingsnacksoradjustingphotofilters—dullourabilitytomakemeaningfulchoices.Automaticscrollingreplacesdeepthinking,muchlikeblindlyfollowingordersoncenormalizedharmfulhistoricalacts.Arendt’swarningurgesustoreflect:Arewelosingthecapacitytofocusonwhattrulymatters?Schoolsarefightingback.AhighschoolineasternChinareducedelectivecoursedropoutsby55%using“decisioncleanliness”—amethodofferingonly3optionspersubject.Thisapproachsimplifieschoices,allowingstudentstofocusonqualityoverquantity.Asoneheadmasterexplains,“Limitingoptionsreducesstressandhelpsstudentscommittotheirdecisions.”Otherstrategiesincludesimplifyingcafeteriamenusandsettingscreen-freetimeblocks.Thesepracticesenableteenstoregainmentalenergy,provingthatsometimes,lesstrulyismore.32.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheschooldininghallexperiment?A.Morechoicesdrivesales. B.Feweroptionsaiddecisions.C.Foreignfoodstemptyouth. D.Adultsdecidemorequickly.33.Whichtermbestdescribesthestudent’s40-minutesurfinghabit?A.Efficienttask-switching. B.Schoolworkstressrelief.C.Creativecontentbrowsing. D.Decision-makingfatigue.34.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningHannahArendtinparagraph3?A.Mindlessactscauseharm. B.Choicesshapeactions.C.Habitsweakenthinking. D.Reflectionpreventsmistakes.35.WhatsolutionworkedintheeasternChinahighschool?A.Banningsmartphoneusage. B.Offeringlimitedoptions.C.Extendingdecisiontime. D.Increasingteacherguidance.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Smartlearningisn’tjustaboutstudyhours—it’saboutstudyskills.Toremembermore,trythesescience-backedmethods.Short,spacedstudysessionsaremoreeffective.Forexample,studying30minutesdailyforaweekbeats5hoursthenightbeforeatest.___36___Activerecallisbetterthanpassivereading.Insteadofrereadingnotes,testyourself.___37___Thisforcesyourbraintoaccessknowledge,strengtheningmemoryandimprovingretention.___38___Mixingsubjectsinonesession(math,history,science)helpsyouspotconnections.Forinstance,linkinghistoricaleventstoscientificdiscoveriesdeepensunderstanding.Italsopreventsboredomandkeepsyourmindengaged,makingstudysessionsmoreefficient.Metacognitionmeanscheckinghowwellyouknowsomething.___39___Ask:“Whatdon’tIunderstand?”Usetoolslikemindmapstovisualize(可视化)knowledgegaps.Thisself-awarenesshelpsyoufocusonweakareasandadjustyourstudyplanaccordingly.Finally,restandexercisematter.Sleephelpsyourbrainsavememories.___40___A10-minutewalkincreasesbloodflowtothebrain,keepingyouawake.Evenlightstretchingcanimproveconcentrationduringstudysessions.Aimfor30minutesofexercisedailytoimproveoverallbrainfunction.A.Combinedifferentsubjectsduringstudytime.B.Studyinaquietenvironmentforbetterfocus.C.Reflectonyourunderstandingandfindgaps.D.Physicalactivityandrestimprovementalfocus.E.Writedownwhatyourememberoruseflashcards.F.This“spacingeffect”strengthenslong-termmemory.G.Somelearningmethodsaremoreeffectivethanothers.第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Adecadeago,Ibegananinvestigationintothesecretsofluck.Iwantedtoknowwhysomepeoplewere___41___intherightplaceattherighttime,whileothersalwaysexperiencedmisfortune.I___42___noticesinnewspapersaskingthosewhofeltluckyorunluckytocontactme.Hundredsvolunteeredformy___43___.Overtheyears,Iinterviewedthemandhadthem___44___variousexperiments.Iconductedasimple___45___todetermineifdifferencesinluckwereduetodifferencesintheirabilityto___46___opportunities.Igavebothgroupsanewspaperandaskedthemtocountthephotographs.Ihad___47___placedabold(加粗)messagemidwaysaying,“Telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandwin$50.”This___48___occupiedhalfthepage,writteninovertwo-inchtype.Itstaredeveryoneintheface,yettheunluckytendedto___49___itwhiletheluckyspottedit.Unluckypeoplearegenerallymore____50____,andthisanxietyweakenstheirabilitytonoticethe____51____.Asaresult,theymissopportunitiesbyover-focusingonspecificgoals.Theyattendeventsjustforfindingapartner,missingchancestomakefriends.Theylookthroughnewspapers____52____tofindcertaintypesofjob,missingothertypesofjobs.Luckypeoplearemorerelaxedandopen,seeingwhatisthere____53____exactlywhattheyneed.Myresearchsuggestedthatluckypeoplecreategoodfortuneviafour____54____.Theyaregoodatrecognizingchanceopportunities,makingintuitive(直觉)decisions,formingself-fulfillingprophecies(预言)withpositiveexpectations,andadoptinganattitudethat____55____badluckintogood.41.A.never B.always C.sometimes D.seldom42.A.posted B.edited C.created D.read43.A.game B.adventure C.research D.contest44.A.participatein B.calloff C.lookinto D.carryout45.A.observation B.experiment C.competition D.discussion46.A.share B.predict C.decline D.identify47.A.hesitantly B.carelessly C.secretly D.excitedly48.A.copy B.message C.diagram D.introduction49.A.miss B.pass C.revise D.misunderstand50.A.nervous B.careless C.awkward D.pitiful51.A.unaffected B.unexplained C.unchanged D.unexpected52.A.confident B.disappointed C.determined D.surprised53.A.asto B.butfor C.regardlessof D.ratherthan54.A.goals B.preferences C.principles D.beliefs55.A.throws B.transforms C.takes D.forces第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Keepingahealthyweightisn’taboutextremedietsbutrequires___56___(organize)strategies.Researchshowsthatpeopletracking(跟踪)bothnutritionandexercisehavea50%___57___(high)chanceofachievinglong-termsuccessthanthosefocusingonlyoncaloriecounting.Theprocessbeginswith___58___(set)realisticgoals.___59___isrecommendedthattheycreateweeklymealplansrichinfiberinsteadofaimingforrapidweightloss.___60___(interesting),drinkingwaterbeforemeals,thoughasimplehabit,canreduceovereatingby30%.Itis___61___roleofphysicalactivitythatequallymatters.Studiesconfirmthatcombiningaerobic(有氧的)exercises___62___strengthtrainingimprovesmetabolism(新陈代谢)moreeffectively.Alittleeachdayisbetterthanalotonce—20-minutedailywalks___63___(prove)beneficialsincetheirintroduction.Psychologicalfactorscannot___64___(avoid).Keepingajournaltorecordemotionsli