译林版高考英语复习学案 模块五 Unit3 Science and nature

模块五Unit3Scienceandnature

写作句型锤炼

核心句型升级

A先熟读背诵一精彩句型烂熟于心

(2017.全国卷H)假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸

(paper—cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【参考范文】

DearHenry,

Howiseverything?Iamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinapaper—cuttingshow

tobeheldthisSunday.

ItisreportedthattherewillbeaChinesepaper-cuttingshowthisSunday

intheartgallery,whichisexpectedtolastabouteighthoursfrom8：00amto4：

00pm.IknowyouarealwaysinterestedintraditionalChineseculture.©The

moreyouknowaboutit,thebetteryouwilllikeit,soIthinkwecangothere

together.②Notonlywillallkindsofpaper—cuttingworksbeondisplay,but

thecraftsmenwillshowvisitorshowtocutpaperintodifferentshapesonthespot.

IamsureyouwillfeelamazedatthistraditionalChineseart.Wouldyouliketo

attendtheshowwithmethisSunday?

I'mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yours,

LiHua

A后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来

＞根据句①仿写

1.Theharderyoutrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.

你越努力打败他，你就越有可能被击中。

＞根据句②仿写

2.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenfined,butalsohehadbeensentto

prison.

这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被关进了监狱。

Part”白主学习主干知识

I.重点单词一识记.联想.运用

［会书写］

一、核心单词

1.breakthroughn.突破

2.relationn.关系；亲戚

3.incomen.收入，收益

4.ordinaryadj.普通的，一般的

5.confirmvt.&vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信

6.favourn.赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒

7.clonevt.克隆

n.克隆出来的动物或植物

8.conductvt.实施；指挥乐队

二、阅读单词

1.physiciann.医师；内科医生

2.transformvt,使改变外观或性质（尤指向好的方向）；

使改变形态

3.conceptn.概念；观念

4.crimen.罪，罪行

5.summaryn,总结；概括，概要

6.nutritionn.营养

7.profitn.利润，收益

vi.&vt.获益；对...有用

8.agriculturen.农业

9.tissuen.生物的）组织；纸巾

三、拓展单词

1.profession〃.职业,行业—professional。力.专业的,职业的

2.originaL如力.原来的,起初的；首创的；非复制的一origin九起源;出身，来历

-^originate次.起源

3.judgement凡判断力;看法，评价；（法律）判决fjudge0.判断

4.小nduct".实施;指挥乐队->conductor〃.售票员:（乐队）指挥

5.majority——&多数，大多数fmajor。的'.王要的oi.主修〃.专业fminority〃.少数

民族；少数派

6.consideration=仔细考虑;体谅，顾及fconsidero.考虑,认为一consideringmep.

鉴于，考虑到一considerate。次体贴的

7.£gliablee4.可信赖的,可依靠的frely式.依靠,依赖

8accurate。的•.准确的,精确的faccuratelyatfo.准确地,精确地faccuracy〃.精确,

准确

9.迎tual时.真实的，实际的factuallya加事宾卜,实际上

10.frighten”.使惊吓，使惊恐ffrightening。力.令人害怕的一frightenedadj.（人）感

到害怕的

ll.pprmission〃.准许,许可，批准fpermit”.许可,准许〃.许可证

12gxacta的•.精确的,准确的fexactlya而.精确地:准确地

13.intention〃.意图,目的；企图fintend”.打算,想要

14.理ixiety〃.忧虑,焦虑，不安anxiousadj.担忧的,焦急的

15@dopt".收养,领养；米用，采纳fadopted。力.收养的fadoption〃.采用:收

养

16.9世。的•.法律许可的，合法的一逗如。的.非法的

17.consequence〃.结果，后果fconsequent。力.随之发生的consequentlyado.因

此，所以

1.源于动词短语的合成词

©breakthroughn.突破

②income”.收入，收益

③overthrowv.推翻

©inputv.&n.输入

⑤outputo.&〃.输出

©upliftv.举起

⑦outstandingadj.杰出的

2.形形色色“有缘词”

©tissue机组织fissue机问题

②dessert儿甜点—desertv.&〃.舍弃；沙漠

③affect”.影响—effect机影响

©principle〃.信条fprincipal〃.校长

3.有病不可乱投“医”

①physiciann.内科医生

②surgeonn.外科医生

③dentist".牙医

④eyedoctorn.眼科医生

⑤chemist".药剂师，化学家

4.“犯罪”相关词小结

©crimen.罪，罪行

②offencen.冒犯，犯罪

③guilt机犯罪，有罪

©accusevt.控告；指控

⑤chargevi.控告

©commitvt.犯（罪）

⑦punishvt.惩罚；处罚

⑧sentencevt.判决；宣判

5.“情绪”名词集锦

①anxiety焦虑，忧虑

②depression沮丧；抑郁症

③sorrow悲伤；悲痛

©sadness悲伤，难过

⑤grief悲伤；伤心事

6-“字”之差，意义大不同

①adaptO.适应fadopt。.收养

②content仇&〃.内容fcontext〃.上下文

③sweatv.&机汗水—sweet。力•.甜的

④march0.前进matchv.&〃.比赛

⑤stealo.偷一stee".钢

7.结识“一or”人

①conductor售票员；(乐队)指挥

②visitor参观者，来访者

③director导演；负责人

④instructor讲师；教员

⑤translator译员，翻译者

⑥inventor发明者，发明家

［会应用］用所给词的适当形式填空

1.It'siHega］(legal)toreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.

2.Consequently(consequence),Ithrewmyselfheartilyintomyworkfortherestof

theschoolyear.

3.Nowadayswerelyincreasinglyoncomputersforhelpsoyoursoftwaremustbe

reliable,(rely)

4.Fromthegirl?sfrightenedlook,weknewthefrighteningsnakefrightened

her.(frighten)

5.Walkingdogsisnotpermittedinourcityandwithoutpermission,youcan'tkeep

petsathome.(permission)

6.Failureintheinterviewcausedanxietyandhewasanxioustoaskhisfriendsfor

advice.(anxiety)

7.Consideringhisyoungage,itisquiteconsiderateofhimtoconsiderotherpeople

beforemakingdecisions.(consider)

8.MysisterintendstogotoBeijingUniversitywiththeintentionofstudying

art.(intention)

9.Topredicttheweatheraccuratelyandgiveusmoreaccurateinformation,the

observerstrytheirbesttoguaranteetheaccuracyoftheirobservation,(accurate)

10.OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglish

finditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(majority)

II核心短语一识记•联想・运用

［会书写］

l.on(the)onehand...ontheotherhand...一方面...另一方面...

2.toywith戏弄，摆弄；把..当作儿戏

3.pushaheadwith义无反顾地进行，努力推进

4.forsale供出售，待销售

5.be/getburntout耗尽体力，累垮

6.followinone'sfootsteps效仿某人

7.take...intoconsideration/account认真考虑

8.infavourof赞同，支持

9.pointofview观点

lO.makesense有意义，有道理，讲得通

11.put...inplace准备就绪，布置妥当

12.ratherthan而不是

13.dealwith处理，对付

14.comparedwith与..相比较

15.pointout指出

16.insummary概括地说

17.inagreementwith同意；与...一致

18.tumout结果是，证明是；生产

1.“累垮”的多种表达

©be/getburntout

②be/getwornout

③be/gettiredout

@be/getexhausted

2.“考虑”短语小结

©oconsideration认真考虑

②oaccount认真考虑

③takeaccountof考虑

④thinkover仔细考虑

3.“加+%+of”短语荟萃

①infavourof支持，赞同

②inmemoryof为了纪念

③inhonourof为了纪念

(4)inviewof鉴于；由于

⑤intermsof就...而言

@incaseof以防；万一

©inneedof需要

@inplaceof代替；取代

⑨insearchof寻找，寻求

4.学会“总结”好处多

①insummary②inshort(3)inbrief④inconclusion

⑤ina/oneword@tosumup

［会应用］选用上表左栏短语填空

l.SunYanginspiredmanyyoungpeopletofollowinhisfootsteps.

2.Takingeverythingintoconsideration，theeventwasagreatsuccess.

3.Ifyoucontinuetopushaheadwiththereform,theriskwillrisefurther.

4.Beforeyouleavetheoffice,everythingshouldbeputinplace.

5.WhileBrucewasreadingastory-book,hetoyedwithapen.

6.Asamanagerofthecompany,sheisalwaysbusywithdealingwithalotof

affairs.

7.Nooneseemedtolistentomypointofview.Ifeltembarrassed.

8.Wehavemanydifferenttypesofsecond-handcomputersforsale.Someofthem

arerealbargains.

此经典句式一分析•背诵・仿写

句型公式1：the行出/雕皿业/…什儿小加人诟常接不定式4。do)作定语。

［教材原句］Thefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwas

Dollythesheep.

第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。

［句型仿写］Theassistantworksveryhard.Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthe

lasttoleave.

这位助理工作非常努力，她总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。

句型公式2：more...than...意为“与其说……倒不如说……

［教材原句］Theboywasmorefrightenedthanhurt.

这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。

［句型仿写］Musicismoreawayoflifethananinterest.音乐与其说是一种爱好，不

如说是一种生活方式。

句型公式3：否定词与形容词比较级连用表示最高级含义。

［教材原句］Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.

转基因食品就是最好的例子。

［句型仿写］Whatawonderfulsong!I

haveneverheard@moremovingon已

多么好的一首歌！我从未听过比这更感人的了。

IV.语篇填空一回顾.补全.热诵

根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Eversincethefirsthumanembryowascloned,it1,hascaused(cause)

muchdebateroundtheworld.Somescientistspointoutthat2.inthiswaytheycan

producevaluablehumantissuestobeused3.tosave(save)humanlives,but

manypeopledisagreeandareafraidthatifmankindtoyswithnaturelikethis,we

maybeonourwaytod.producing(produce)areal-lifeFrankenstein^

monster.5.However,ingeneralmostscientistswerepraisedforthescientific

advance.IanWilmut,theScottishscientist6.who/thatcreatedDolly,thinksthat

researcheffortsshouldconcentrateoncreatingnewtissuesandorgansthatcanbe

usedtocurediseaseslikecancer.Eventhoughhumancloningiscausingalotof

7.anxiety(anxious),itisgoodnewsforwomenwhocannothavea

baby.8.While/Though/Althoughcloninghumanembryosisillegalinmany

countries,somescientistsarepushingaheadwithresearch.InChina,scientists

havefocusedtheirefforts9.oncloninganimals,aswellasclonedtissuestobe

usedinmedical10.treatment(treat).

Part2师生共研核心考点

［核心词汇］

l.adopt也收养，领养；采用，采纳

(l)adoptapolicy采用某项政策

adoptone'sadvice/plan采纳某人的建议/计划

adoptanorphan收养孤儿

(2)adoptedadj,收养的

(3)adoptionn.收养；采纳

①Artmovementmeansastyleofpaintingadopted(adopt)byagroupofartists.

艺术运动指的是一些美术家共同采纳的一种绘画风格。

②Aftermuchconsideration,wealldecidedtoadoptmydeskmate'sadvice.

经过再三考虑之后，我们决定采纳我同桌的建议。

③Shetreatedheradopted(adopt)sonasifhewereherownchild.

她对待养子好像他是自己的孩子一样。

[名师指津]adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt意为“适应；改

编，改写“。

2.consequence〃.结果，后果

asaconsequence]

(1),因此，结果

inconsequenceJ

asaconsequenceof]

(2),「由于/因为……缘故

inconsequenceorJ

(3)consequentadj.必然的；由...引起的

consequentlyadv.因此；结果

①Ifwetoywithnature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.(教材原句)

如果我们玩弄自然，我们将不得不承担各种后果。

②Shedidn'tstudyhard,andasaresultfailedtheentranceexam.

一Shedidn'tstudyhard,andasaconsequencefailedtheentranceexam.

她学习不努力，结果没有通过入学考试。

(3)Asaresultofglobalwarming,thesealevelrisesinmanyareas.

一Asaconsequenceo"Inconsequenceofglobalwarming,thesealevel

risesinmanyareas.

由于全球变暖，许多地方的海平面都上升了。

3.transform诃.&试使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态；转化；转

换；改造

(1)transform...into...把...变成....

transformsb/sthfrom...把某人/物从...中转变

⑵transformationn.变化，转变；改观

transformationfrom...to...从...到....的转变

①Onapersonalnote,cloningwouldtotallytransformmylife.(教材原句)

依我个人来看，克隆将彻底改变我的生活。

②Inonly30yearsChinahasbeentransformedintoanadvancedindustrialpower.

在仅仅三十年里中国已变成了一个工业强国。

(3)Inrecentyearsthefilmindustryhasexperiencedacompletetransformation

(transform).

近年来，电影业经历了彻底的改变。

［名师指津］表示“把……变成……"的其他表达：

①turn...into...©o...

4.majority%多数，大多数

(l)a/themajorityof.......的大多数

ina/themajority占大多数

by/withamajorityof以多数票...

⑵minorityn.少数

intheminority占少数

①ThewhiteareinthemajorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeople

intheminority.

在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。

②Themajorityofthepeoplepresentatthemeetingare(be)infavorofbanning

smoking.

出席会议的大多数人支持禁烟。

③Amongtradeunionleaders,themajorityis/are(be)againsttheproposalput

forwardatthemeeting.

在工会领导中，大多数不支持会议上提出的建议。

［名师指津］

(1)“a/themajorityof+名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名

词的数。

(2)them可ority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。

5.confirm式•证实，证明；确认；使确信

confirmatheory/rumour证实一^中理论/谣言

confirmone'sbelief坚定某人的信念

confirmthat...确定/证实...

Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已确定/证实...

①Theyworkedoutaneffectivemethod,whichwasconfirmed(confirm)bythe

leadership.

他们制定了一种有效的方法，这种方法得到了领导的认可。

②Therecentairplanecrashconfirm，mybeliefthatstrongersafetyregulations

areneeded.

最近的空难坚定了我的信念，那就是更需要安全规则。

③Ithasbeenconfirmedthatallhadpassedthemathexam.

已经证实所有的人数学考试都及格了。

6.favour(=favor)%赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒

(l)infavourof赞同，支持

insb'sfavour对某人有利；有助于某人

(2)dosbthefavourtodosth给某人帮忙做某事

dosbafavour/doafavourforsb给某人以恩惠；帮某人一^忙

askafavourofsb=asksbafavour请某人帮忙

©Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?(教

材原句)

难道我们为了保护自然就应该停止发展吗？

②Pleasedomeafavourandgototheshopforme.

请你帮我一个忙，替我去商店一趟。

③Thedecisionwentinhisfavour,whichdelightedhim.

这一决定对他有利，这使他很高兴。

7.frighten诃•使惊吓,使惊恐

(1)frighten...away/off把...吓跑/吓走

frightensbinto/outofdoingsth恐吓某人做/不做某事

(2)frightenedadj.惊恐的

befrightenedtodosth害怕做某事

befrightenedtodeath被吓得要死

(3)frighteningadj.令人恐惧的

①Thefrightening(frighten)shootinginAmericahascaused59deathsandover500

injuries.

在美国发生的令人恐怖的枪击事件已造成59人死亡500多人受伤。

②Iwillneverbefrightenedintostayingsilentonthismatter.

在这种事情上，我永远不会因怕惊吓而保持沉默。

③HethreatenedtheintruderswithagunandfrightenedthemofVaway.

他用枪威胁闯入者，把他们吓跑了。

8.permission〃.准许，许可，批准

(l)askforpermission请求许可

withoutpermission未经许可

(2)permitv£.&vi.允许

n.许可证

permitsbtodosth允许某人做某事

permit(sb's)doingsth允许(某人)做某事

sthpermitting..........许可的话(独立主格)

©Timepermitting(permit),Iwillseeyouafterthemeeting.

时间允许的话，会议结束后我去看你。

②Yousimplyaskhowtoapplyforalibrarycard,whichwillpermityoutotake

(take)booksoutregularly.

你只要问明白怎样申请借书证就行了，用借书证你可以经常把书借出来。

(3)Noreferencebooksaretobetakenoutofthereadingroomwithoutpermission.

未经许可，本阅览室的参考书不得带出去。

9.on(the)onehand...ontheotherhand...一方面...另一方面...(常用来引出

相矛盾的两个方面)

(l)foronething...foranother...一则...;二则....(用于引出并列的理由)

(2)first(ly)...;secondly)...;last(ly)第一...;第二....,最后....

①Ontheonehandthisisanovel,butontheotherhand,itcanbelooked

onasabiography.

一方面这是一部小说，另一方面，它又可以被看作一部传记。

②Foronething,sheiswell-educated;foranother,sheispretty.

首先，她受过良好的教育，再者她长得漂亮。

10.followinone飞footsteps效仿某人

followone'sexample以某人为榜样

followone'sadvice/directions听从/遵循某人的建议/指示

asfollows如下，如下所述

①Sheworksintelevision,following(follow)inherfather'sfootsteps.

她继承了父亲的事业，在电视行业工作。

②Therearegoodreasonsnottofollow(follow)thosebadexamples.

有很好的理由不去以那些不好的例子为榜样。

③Thegoodpointsofthenovelmaybesummarizedasfollows.

这部小说的优点概括起来有以下几方面。

ll.oconsideration认真考虑

(l)showconsiderationto对...表示关心/体谅

(2)considerv.考虑；认为

(3)consideringprep.考虑到

considerateadj.体贝占的

considersb/sthtobe/as...认为...是...;把....看作....

considerdoingsth考虑做某事

①Youshouldtakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.

你买汽车时应把燃油消耗量考虑在内。

②Mydaughterisconsideringbuying(buy)adigitalcamera,whichisconsidered

tQbe(be)agreathelptoherwork.

我女儿正在考虑买个数码相机，她认为这会对她的工作有很大的帮助。

③Sheisalwayspoliteandconsiderate(consider)towardsheremployees.

她对待雇员总是客客气气，关心体谅。

[重点句型]

l.Thepiammal[e[kmedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwas

Dollythesheep.

第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。

(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、thenext,theonly,thelast等

修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语

(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability,chance,

ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等

①It'srequiredthatthelastonetoarrive(arrive)paythemeal.

要求最后一个到的请客。

②Hewasgratefulforachancetorelax(relax)attheweekend.

他很感激在周末能有机会放松。

©Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptstocontact

(contact)youfailed.

在那个遥远的村庄没有信号，我所有联系你的努力都失败了。

2.Theboywasmorefrightenedthanhurt.

这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。

句中的more…than..•结构意为“与其说...倒不如说....句此结构强调more

后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比。more和than后接不定式、

形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。

nomorethan仅仅；只不过

nomore...than...和...一样不....

notmorethan不超过

notmore...than...没有...刃B样...

morethan多于，超过；不仅仅；非常，很；超出

①Don'tbetoohardonhim.He'smorecheatedthanstupid.

别对他太苛刻了，与其说他愚蠢倒不如说他被欺骗了。

②Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5，500yearsago.

第一个城市可能仅仅是在5500年前建立的。

（3）1wasmorethaoalittleangrywhenIsawhowthey'druinedit.

当我见到他们是怎样把它破坏时，我非常愤慨。

Part3综合演练单元要点

［当堂达标］

।.单词拼写

l.Trytoharvest（U攵获）thefruitbeforethefirstsnow.

2.Manycountriesconsidercloninghumanembryostobeillegal（非法的）.

3.Hepreferstobeasurgeonratherthanaphysician（内科医生）.

4.Theyadopted（收养）ahomelessgirlaftertheseriousearthquake.

5.Ouroriginal（起初的）planwastogotoSpain,butitwastooexpensive.

6.Peopleonfixedincomes（收入）arehurtbypriceincreases.

7.Insert（插入）ourfingersbetweenthelayersandpressthemapart.

8.Thisisaverysubjectivejudgement（判断）ofherabilities.

9.Thecompanyconducted（实施）asurveytofindoutwhosealbumwasthebest­

seller.

lO.Thenewtaxescameasashocktoordinary（普通的）Americans.

11.单句语法填空

1.It'sdifficulttoaccomplishthetaskinnomorethanoneweek.

2.Shewasthefirstathletetowin（win）thegoldmedalinthe29thOlympicGames.

3.Amarketsurveyconducted（conduct）aboutsalesinJulyshowsthefoodpricehas

increasedby20%.

4.Yourteacherswilltakeyourrecentillnessintoconsideration（consider）when

markingyourexams.

5.Throughouttheyears,hehasalsoinspiredmanyyoungarchitectstofollowinhis

footsteps.

6.It'sveryimpoliteofhertoleavewithoutsayinggoodbyetoanyone.

7.Themothersarefrightened(frighten)ofthechildrengoingcamping,fortheymay

getlostinthemountain.

8.Electricheatershavetheirelectricenergytransformedintoheat.

9.1lookedattheX-rayagain,andmoretestsconfirmed(confirm)itwasn'tthe

cancer.

lO.SecurityshouldbetakenintoconsiderationwithanyWebsite.

Ill.单句改错

l.Ontheonehand,manypeoplegoabroad,butonotherhand,alotofpeoplereturned

homehurriedly.other前力口the

2.Theboys，facedwiththissomewhatfrightenedcreature,hadlosttheir

tongues.frightenedffrightening

3.1needtocallmydadandaskforpermitbeforewegoout.permitfpermission

4.Thebookseemstobemuchadictionarythanagrammarbook.much—more

5.Thesuggestionmadebytheforeignexpertadoptedbythemanageratthe

meeting.adopted前力口was

IV.一句多译

1.很遗憾地告诉你我们不打算考虑你提出的要求。

①Weregrettedtotellyouthatwewillnottakeyourrequestintoaccount.

②Weregrettedtotellyouthatwewillnot

takeyourrequestintoconsideration.

2.请再次输入密码，确认是否正确。

①Pleasereenteryourpasswordtocoefimiitiscorrect.

②Pleasereenteryourpasswordtomakesureitiscorrect.

3.当我在英国遇见她时，我非常惊讶。

①IwasverysurprisedwhenImetherinEngland.

②IwasmorethaosurprisedwhenImetherinEngland.

4.现在下着雨，因此比赛将不得不被推迟了。

①Itisrainingnowandasaresult,thematchwillhavetobedelayed.

②Itisrainingnowandasaconsequence,thematchwillhavetobedelayed.

(3)Itisrainingnowandconsequently,thematchwillhavetobedelayed.

5.请你帮我一个忙关上门好吗？

©Willyouhelpme（to）shutthedoor?

②Willyoudomethefavourtoshutthedoor?

©Willyouassistmeinshuttingthedoor?

［课下作业］

A卷

I.单词拼写

l.Hemadeaprofit（U攵益）offiftythousandUSdollars.

2.1t'simportantthatchildrenlearntounderstandtheconcept（木既念）ofsharing.

3.Hismother-in-lawisanexpertatfoodscienceandnutrition（营养）.

4.Acrime（犯罪）isabadactionoractivityforwhichapersoncanbepunishedby

law.

5.Don,tblameherforthat.Shehasnointention（意图）ofhurtinganyonehere.

6.Manycagedbirdslivelongerthantheirfellows（同类）inthewild.

7.Thenewevidencehasconfirmed（证实）thefirstwitness9sstory.

8.Shewasabletogivethepoliceanaccurate（准确的）descriptionofherattacker.

II.单句语法填空

l.HereturnedwiththeintentionofspendingNewYearwithhisfamily.

2.Hewasabrightandeagerstudentand,consequently（consequence）,didwellin

school.

3.Wearguedherintotheadoption（adopt）oftheplan.

4.Thisstoryisnomoreinterestingthantheoneourteachertoldusinclass.

5.Theeconomicframeworkofthe21stcenturyisgoingthroughnewtransformation

（transform）.

6.One-thirdofthecountryiscoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensare

（be）blackpeople.

7.Goodmorning,David.Idroppedintoaskyouafavour.

8.1wouldliketogivemyopinioninrelation（relate）tothisproblem.

”.选词填空

forsale,comparedwith,insummary,pushaheadwith,infavourof,toywith

l.Ifyoutoywithnature,youwillbepunishedsoonerorlater.

2.Ourgovernmentshouldpushaheadwiththeregulationstoprotecttherightsof

ordinarypeople.

3.Thereareafewhousesforsaleinmyneighborhood,andI'11trytofindasuitable

one.

4.Comparedwithsmallneighborhoodstores,supermarketssellvariousgoodswe

needinourdailylife.

5.Insummaryyitismyopinionthatthismeetingwasagreatsuccess.

6.1thinkallthepeopleatthemeetingwillbeinfavourofyouropinion.

IV.完成句子

l.Yourplanisn'tpractical,soVmnotinfavourofit.

你的计划不太实用，因此我不赞同。

2.Themajorityofthedamagewascausedbytunamiaftertheearthquake.

大多数的破坏是由震后的海啸引起。

3.1haveneverspentamoreworryingday.

我从没有过过比这一天更心烦的日子。

4.Notmorethanaquarterofyourincomeshouldgoinrent.

你的收入用于房租不应超过四分之一。

5.Ithasnotbeenconfirmedthattheagreementistobesigned.

有关签订协议的消息尚未得到证实。

V.阅读理解

（2018•广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试）

Accordingtoateamofresearchers,ananimal'sabilitytoperceive（感

知）timeislinkedtotheirpaceoflife.

“Ourresultslendsupporttotheimportanceoftimeperceptioninanimals

wheretheabilitytoperceivetimeinaveryshorttimemaybethedifference

betweenlifeanddeathforfastmovingcreatures,“commentedtheleadauthor

KevinHealyfromTrinityCollegeDublin.

Thestudywasdonewithavarietyofanimalsusingaphenomenonbased

onthemaximumspeedofflashesoflightanindividualcanseebeforethelight

sourceisseenasconstant.Dogs,forexample,haveeyeswitharefreshratehigher

thanhumans.

Oneexampleofthisphenomenonatwork,theauthorssay,isthehousefly

anditsabilitytoavoidbeinghit.Theresearchshowsfliesobservemotionina

shortertimethanourowneyescanachieve,whichallowsthemtoavoidbeing

hit.

ProfessorGraemeRuxtonoftheUniversityofStAndrewsinScotland,

whoworkedjointlyontheresearchproject,saidinastatement,Havingeyesthat

sendupdatestothebrainatmuchhigherfrequenciesthanoureyesdoisofno

valueifthebraincannotprocessthatinformationequallyquickly.Thus,thiswork

highlightstheimpressiveabilitiesofeventhesmallestanimalbrains.Fliesmight

notbedeepthinkers,buttheycanmakegooddecisionsveryquickly.”

Incomparison,thetigerbeetle（虎甲虫）runsfasterthanitseyescankeep

up,basicallybecomingblind,whichrequiresittostopperiodicallytore­

evaluateitsprey's（猎物）position.

Ourresultssuggestthattimeperceptionoffersanasyetunstudied

dimensioninwhichanimalscanspecializeandthereisaconsiderablerangeto

studythissysteminmoredetail.

【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，动物感知时间的能力和它们

的生活节奏有关，对于快速移动的动物来说，在短时间内感知时间的能力决定着

它们的生死。文章列举了家蝇、狗和虎甲虫等动物，证明了动物感知时间的能力

的重要性。

1.Whatistheresearchmentionedinthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Paceoflifeofanimals.

B.Timeperceptionofanimals.

C.Lifetimeofsmallanimals.

D.Impressiveabilitiesofanimals.

答案B［主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：动物感

知时间的能力和它们的生活节奏有关，故B项正确。］

2.WhatdoesKevinHealy'scommentmeaninPara.2?

A.Theabilityofanimalstoperceivetimedependsontheirhighmovingspeed.

B.Thesurvivaloffastmovinganimalsreliesontheirabilitytoperceivetime.

C.Animalswithquickerpaceoflifehavebetterperceptionoftime.

D.Animalswithpoorabilityoftimeperceptionhaveashorterlife.

答案B［细节理解题。根据第二段KevinHealy所说的话“Ourresultslend

supporttotheimportanceoftimeperceptioninanimals...betweenlifeanddeathfor

fastmovingcreatures”可知，该句快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知

能力，故B项正确。］

3.Whycanhousefliesavoidbeinghit?

A.Theycanthinkverydeeplybeforetheyact.

B.Theycanflymuchfasterthantheireyescankeepup.

C.Theycanprocessinformationasquicklyastheyreceiveit.

D.Theycansendinformationtothebrainmorequicklythantotheireyes.

答案C［细节理解题。根据第四段的“Theresearchshowsfliesobservemotion

inashortertimethanourowneyescanachieve,whichallowsthemtoavoidbeing

hit"可知，家蝇能比我们在更短的时间内感知到物体的运动，这是它们得以避免

被拍死的原因，故C项正确。］

4.Whatwillatigerbeetlehavetodotocatchamovingprey?

A.Trytorunasfastasitcan.

B.Preventitselffrombecomingblind.

C.Slowdowntogainitstimeperception.

D.Stopoccasionallytospotthepreyagain.

答案D［细节理解题。根据第六段“Incomparison,thetigerbeetle（虎甲虫）runs

fasterthanitseyescankeepup...??可知，虎甲虫虽然奔跑的速度快，但是视力跟

不上奔跑的速度，需要偶尔停下来重新确定猎物的位置，故D项正确。］

VI.完形填空

HonestThanks

Isatdownatmydeskandstartedwriting.Iwroteanemotionalletterof

gratitude.!putthenotecardintothe1,sealeditandstuckthestampsonit,

butwhenitcametoactuallyplacingtheletterintothemailbox...12.

TheletterwastoaschoolmatewithwhomIkeptincontactviaFacebook

3.Shehadinspiredmetolivea(n)4life一forexample,by§more.

Hervolunteereffortsweren't6-shewasn'tbuildingwellsinUganda,

but7shewasdoingsmall,localgooddeeds,suchasservingasacrossing

guard.ThesewerethingsIcoulddo,too.ShemademegIcouldmakea

differencehereathome.IfeltIshouldletherknowhowher9positively

influencedmylife.Icouldhaveeasilysentherane-mail,10thatseemeda

bitlameforsuchanimportantthankyou.ThafswhyIendedup11the

letter.ButnowIstoodbeforethemailbox,unabletoplacetheenvelope

inside.Whatwas12me?Whywasthisso13todo?IguessIfelt

strangebecauseitwasn'tlikeshewasmybestfriend.Ijustknewher.uPeople

don't14dothis,“Ithoughttomyself.However,15thinkingitover,I

stillfelta(n)16toletherknowhowgratefulIwas.Finally,Iputtheenvelope

inthemailbox.

WeekslaterIreceivedherreply.Shewas17atoughtimeandmyletter

meantthe18toher.Shedidn'tknowshehadsucha(n)19onothers.Not

onlydidthislettermakeherhappy,butherresponsetoitincreasedmy20of

happiness.Idecidedtowriteagratitudelettertosomeoneeachmonth.Cultivating

gratitudeisagreatskilltopractice.Lifeistooshortnottodoit.

【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”在脸书上认识了一个朋友，她鼓

励“我”参加志愿活动，“我”因此感受到了不同的人生。为了表示感谢，“我”

给她手写了一封信，没想到她收到信时正经历人生的艰难时刻，“我”的信鼓舞

了她，她的回复也提高了“我”的幸福程度。

l.A.envelopeB.drawer

C.handbagD.pocket

答案A［根据该句中的“sealeditandstuckthestampsonit"可知，"我”将便

笺卡放进信封，然后封上，再贴上邮票。A