河南省2025届高三下学期2025届高考模拟冲刺联考 英语试题（含答案）

2025届河南省高三下学期高考模拟冲刺联考英语试题一、阅读理解StudyAbroadwithHarvardTeachersAroundtheWorldExpectatrueHarvardexperiencethissummer?DuringaHarvardSummerSchoolStudyAbroadprogram,youwillengageyourintellectualcuriositywithHarvardteachers,buildanewnetworkoffriends,andexpandyourunderstandingoftheworld.Ourofficehoursofoperationarefrom9:00amto5:00pmEasternTime,MondaytoFriday.Formoreaboutourprograms,pleaseemailusatSummerAbroad@Summer.H.HarvardSummerPrograminGreeceStudypoliticalandnaturalenvironmentsoftheEasternMediterraneanfromancienttimestothepresent.ProgramDirector:DimiterAngelovandGregoryNagyDate:FromJune28,2025toAugust3,2025Cost:$9,150Housing:HotelHarvardSummerPrograminKenyaExplorehumanity’sevolutionaryoriginsanddynamicfuturethroughclimatescience,ecology,andfossilexcavations(挖掘)inKenya’sRiftValley.ProgramDirector:DanielR.GreenDate:FromMay29,2025toJuly10,2025Cost:$12,000Housing:DormitoriesHarvardSummerPrograminMadrid,SpainStudySpanishlanguage,history,andcultureinSpain’sdynamic,elegantandhipcapitalcity.ProgramDirector:JohannaLianderDate:FromMay31,2025toJuly25,2025Cost:$11,700Housing:HomestayHarvardSummerPrograminShanghai,ChinaEncounterChina’smajorcity,Shanghai,andlearnaboutChina’splaceintheworld.Understanditstieswithinternationalfoodcultures.ProgramDirector:JoyceChaplinandErezManelaDate:FromJune15,2025toAugust9,2025Cost:$12,250Housing:Hotel1．Whichprogramlaststheshortest?A．TheoneinGreece. B．TheoneinKenya.C．TheoneinSpain. D．TheoneinChina.2．WherewillthestudentssigningupfortheprograminMadridliveduringtheirstudy?A．Inahotel. B．Inadormitory.C．Inalocal’shouse. D．Inthedirector’shome.3．WhatwilltheprograminShanghaioffertothestudents?A．Atourofbigcities. B．Atrainingcourseoncooking.C．AlanguagecourseinChinese. D．AcourseintheglobalroleofChina.AfterCharlotte,thegreenseaturtle,washitbyaboatin2008,Connecticut’sMysticAquarium(水族馆)quicklybecameitsnewhome.TheaccidentcausedCharlottetohavewhatmarinebiologistscall“bubblebuttsyndrome”—aconditionthattrapsairinthebackoftheturtle’sshellandtilts(倾斜)itsbackendupata45-degreeangle,whichisnotanaturalpositionforturtlestoswim.“Bubblebuttsyndrome”isbecomingmorecommon,asmoreseaturtles—whicharealreadyendangered—faceinjuriesfromhumanactivities.Asforseaturtles,thisconditioncannotonlycauseparalysis(瘫痪),butitcanmakeitdifficultforthemtoeatoravoidenemiesbecausetheycan’tmovewell.Whilesomeanimaldoctorshavetriedtoattachweightstotheshellsofturtleswiththiscondition,scientistshavejustcreatedaninnovativedevicethatcouldbecomethenewstandardforturtleslikeCharlotte.MysticAquariumreacheda3Dprintingcompany,whichworkedwithexpertstocreateaweightedbeltthatwouldhelpCharlotteswimmoreeasily.Afterafewtries,expertscreatedaflexible,lightweight,andadjustablebeltthatwrapsaroundtheedgeofCharlotte’sshellandcanbeeasilyremoved.AsCharlottegetsusedtowearingthebeltandbuildsstrengthinherbackflippers(鳍足),theteamatMysticAquariumwillslowlyaddweightstothebelttocounterCharlotte’s“bubblebutt”.Andmoreseaturtlescouldbenefitfromthisinthefuture.“Ourhopeisthatanaquariumcoulduploadascanofaturtle,haveaccesstoanonlinedesigntool,whichwouldallowthemtomakeafewdesigndecisions,andexportafile,whichwouldallowthemtobuildabeltonaprinter,”saidthe3Dprintingcompany’sdirector.“Thiswouldhelpimprovethequalityoflifefortheirturtles.”4．WhatcausedCharlottetodevelop“bubblebuttsyndrome”?A．Anaccidentaldisease. B．Amisfortune.C．Akindofimpropercare. D．Acarelessswim.5．Whatisthemainproblemforseaturtleswith“bubblebuttsyndrome”?A．Difficultyinfindingwater.B．Troubleinseeingotherseaturtles.C．Increasedriskofbeingkilledbyhumans.D．Difficultyinmovingandavoidingenemies.6．WhatcanweinferaboutthenewbeltdesignedforCharlotte?A．Itcanbechangedasneeded.B．Itismadeofaheavymaterial.C．Itwillbereplacedlaterbyotherdevices.D．Itneedstobeadjustedandmaintainedoften.7．Whatdothe3Dprintingcompany’sdirector’swordsmean?A．Thecompanywillprovidestandardbelts.B．Aquariumsneedtobuyadvanced3Dprinters.C．Onlysomeaquariumscanusethistechnology.D．Aquariumswillbeabletocreateandprintthebeltsthemselves.Ifyouconfidentlybelieveyou’rerightinadisagreementwithafriendoracolleague,anewstudysuggeststhatyoumayactuallybewrong.Researchersfoundthatpeoplenaturallyassumetheyhavealltheinformationtheyneedtomakeadecisionorsupporttheirpositions,evenwhentheydonot.Theresearcherscalleditthe“illusion(错觉)ofinformationadequacy”.“Wefoundthat,ingeneral,peopledon’tstoptothinkwhethertheremightbemoreinformationthatwouldhelpthemmakeamoreinformeddecision,”saidtheco-authorofthestudy.“Ifyougivepeopleafewpiecesofinformationthatseemtolineup,mostwillsay‘thatsoundsaboutright’andgowiththat.”Thestudyinvolved1,261Americanswhoparticipatedonline.Theyweredividedintothreegroupswhoreadanarticleaboutafictionalschoolthatlackedadequatewater.Thefirstgroupreadanarticlethatonlygavereasonswhytheschoolshouldmerge(合并)withanotherschoolthathadadequatewater;thesecondgroup’sarticleonlygavereasonsforstayingseparateandhopingforothersolutions;thethirdgroupreadalltheargumentsfortheschoolsmergingandforstayingseparate.Thefindingsshowedthatthetwogroupswhohadreadonlyhalfthestorystillbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtomakeagooddecision.Mostofthemsaidtheywouldfollowtherecommendationsinthearticletheyread.Thosewithonlyhalftheinformationwereactuallymoreconfidentintheirdecisionstomergeorremainseparatethanthosewhohadreadthecompletestory.Theywerequitesurethattheirdecisionswereright,eventhoughtheydidn’thavealltheinformation.Theco-authorsaid,“Peopleshouldmakesuretheyhavethefullstoryaboutasituationbeforetheytakeastandormakeadecision.Yourfirstmovewhenyoudisagreewithsomeoneshouldbetothink,‘IstheresomethingthatI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeseetheirperspectivesandunderstandtheirpositionsbetter?’That’sthewaytofightthis‘illusionofinformationadequacy’.”8．Whatdoesthenewstudysuggestaboutpeopleduringdisagreements?A．Theyrarelychangetheirminds.B．Theyusuallygivelotsofmade-upproofs.C．Theytendtooverestimatetheirknowledge.D．Theyalwayshaveallthenecessaryinformation.9．Accordingtotheco-author,whatdomostpeopledowhengivenlimitedinformation?A．Theyacceptitassufficientone. B．Theyseekmoreinformation.C．Theydoubttheinformation. D．Theyignoreitcompletely.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthereadingmaterialsgiventothefirsttwogroups?A．Theyfocusedonareal-lifeschoolissue.B．Theyinvolvedalargenumberofproblems.C．Theywouldbecompletedbythethirdgroup.D．Theypresentedonlyoneperspectivetotheproblem.11．Whatdidtheco-authoradvisepeopletodotoovercometheillusion?A．Acceptothers’views. B．Ignoredisagreements.C．Questiontheirownperspectives. D．Gathermoreinformation.Tothoseoutsideofeducation,itmaycomeasasurprisethatthehardestaspectofteachingisoftennotwhathappensintheclassroom,butthepreparationthatmusthappenoutsideit,beyondnormalworkhours.Thetoughestworkisintheplanningandstructuringoflessonsforclasseswithstudentsofvaryingknowledgeandskilllevels.Againstthatbackdrop,educationandcomputerscienceresearchersatStanfordUniversityhaveevaluatedlargelanguagemodels’(LLMs’)abilitytohelpmiddleschoolmathteacherscreatetiered(分层的)lessonsthatallowthemtonurturethosewhomighthavefallenbehindwhileholdingtheinterestofmoreadvancedstudentsatthesametime.Researchersintroducedthefirstevaluationframeworkforlessonscaffolding(脚手架)groundedinexpertteachers’processesandthefirstexperimentsthattestandadaptLLMsforthistask.BeforetheybeganexperimentingwithLLMs,Malik,aKnight-HennessyscholarstudyingeducationdatascienceattheStanfordGraduateSchoolofEducation,analyzedteachers’lessonplanningtounderstandthefundamentalsofscaffolding.“Thepreconditionoftheprojectwastoseewhattechnologycandotohelpteacherswiththatprocessoftakingacurriculumandmakingtheclassroomready,”saysMalik.“We’renotjustcreatingatool,butaframeworkthathelpsteachersscaffoldcurriculumeffectively,ensuringAI-generatedcontentmatchesrealclassroomneeds.”Intheiranalysis,theyidentifiedthreestepsteachersgothroughincreatinglessonplans:observation(evaluatingtheirstudents’skilllevels),formulationofaninstructionalstrategy,andimplementation(实施)throughascaffoldedlessonplanthatmeetstheneedsofallstudents.TheAImodelwasdesignedtogenerate“warm-up”exercisesthathelpstudentsactivatepriorknowledge.Inuserevaluations,theseAI-generatedexerciseswereratedbetterthanhuman-createdonesintermsofaccessibility,agreementwithlearningobjectives,andteachers’preference.AIisnotwithoutlimitations,theresearchersstress.LLMsarequitegoodatgeneratingtext-basedcontent—storyproblemsandwrittendescriptions—buttheystrugglewithvisualapproaches,diagrams,graphs,andsoon,whichareanessentialpartofmathinstruction.Theresearchersareworkingtoaddresstheselimitationsnow.12．Whatmightteachersthinkofasthemostchallengingpartofteaching?A．Deliveringlessonsintheclassroom.B．Usingtechnologytoenhanceteaching.C．Designinglessonstomeetvaryingneeds.D．Evaluatingstudents’performanceduringclass.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nurture”inparagraph2mean?A．Declare. B．Assist. C．Restrict. D．Convey.14．WhatisMalik’sattitudetotheresearchprogram?A．Confident. B．Skeptical. C．Indifferent. D．Concerned.15．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheFutureofAIinReplacingHumanTeachers.B．AIHelpsMathTeachersBuildBetter“Scaffolds”.C．TheLimitationsofLLMsinClassroomTeaching.D．LLMsHavetheAbilitytoDesignanInterestingLesson.Teachingstudentstoaskgoodquestionsengagesthemandactsasanongoingassessment.Herearesomeofthebenefitsofinquiry-basedlearning.QuestionsrevealinterestWeaskquestionswhensomethingcatchesourattentionandsurprisesus,orwhenwehearsomethingwewantmoreinformationabout.16.Itislikesaying,“Hey!Iampayingattention,andIwanttoknowmore!”Askingagreatquestionisevenmorerevealing.Questionsrevealbothgapsandstrengthsinunderstanding17.Infact,itmakesourjobaloteasierwhenweareaskedaquestionthatcanclarifyamisunderstandingorexplainsomethinginabetterway.Teachingstudentstoaskeffectivequestionscanrevealwhatachilddoesn’tunderstand,allowingustofillinthegapsandlikelyimproveunderstandingforotherstudentstoo.18Researchshowsthatwhenweaskaquestionourselves,wearemorelikelytoremembertheinformationwereceive.Itmakessense—wearelikelytoaskaboutsomethingthatisinterestingorrelevanttous,andbyaskingthequestion,webecomepersonallyinvestedintheanswer.QuestionskeeplearnersengagedIfweareopentochildren’squestionsandleaveroomfordiscussion,thelessoncanquicklybecomemoreinterestingwhenthechildren’sownquestionsguideit.19.Aquestioncanmakestudentspersonallyengagedinthetopicoractivity.QuestionsbuildafoundationfornewknowledgeTherearemanybenefitsofinquiry-basedlearning.Anysubjectortopicstartsoutwithbroad,foundationalinformationthatformsthebasisformorein-depthorspecificknowledge.Aquestionposedattherighttimebuildsessentialknowledge.Withthatunderstanding,themorecomplexandmoreinterestingknowledgehasroots.20.A．QuestionsimprovememoryB．QuestionsshowyourexcellenceC．AndthelearningprovidesachancetogrowD．AndtheygetalotofbenefitsfromaskingquestionsE．ThereisadifferencebetweenagoodquestionandabadoneF．AskingalmostanyquestionisaclearsignaltoshowourinterestG．Asteachers,weknowthatnoteverythingwesaywillbeunderstood二、完形填空WhenIwasateenager,Imanagedtobothskipmyfreshmanyearofhighschoolandgainentryintoadual-credit(双学分)highschoolprogram.Foreverycollege21Itookthroughtheprogram,IwouldgainhighschoolcredittowardgraduationandanAssociate’sdegree.Itwasthere,inmyjunioryear,thatIfoundmy22weaknessinacademia:chemistry.Mindyou,thecollegewasawareofhighschool23beingintegratedintotheirclasses.However,theprofessor24weallhadtakenchemistrybefore—abig25forstudentslikemewhohadn’t.Withnobasicteachingandastrict“nodroporswitchcourses”26,mypeersandIweredoomed(注定的)toaclasswithnobasicfoundation.Mygrades27sharply,andsodidmyconfidence.Oneevening,afterweeksofstudying,tutoring,andpractice,I28afailedexampaper.I’dscoredjust58,andtearsfilledmyeyes.Myfour-year-oldbrothersawmesittingonthefloornearmydesk.Heplacedhisstuffedcatbesideme,climbedontomylap,and29pattedmyface.“Don’tbesad,”hesaidsoftly.“I’mheretobeyour30soyoucanbehappy.”Throughoutthemessofthatchemistrycourse,thatistheshining31Isawattheendofthetunnel.Iendedup32theclass,butmybrotherhelpedmeseethattherewasan33tothatnightmare.Sometimeslittlebrothersknewthewarmthingtosayoutofinnocentloveand34.Mybrother’sloveshowedmethatfailureis35,andthatsupportfromlovedonescanturneventhehardestdaysintohopefulones.21．A．course B．major C．program D．task22．A．current B．slight C．fatal D．minor23．A．teachers B．students C．educators D．leaders24．A．insisted B．suggested C．said D．assumed25．A．style B．misunderstanding C．desire D．permission26．A．rule B．schedule C．device D．recognition27．A．closed B．quit C．dropped D．increased28．A．talkedaround B．askedabout C．calledfor D．staredat29．A．proudly B．gently C．merely D．madly30．A．gift B．goal C．dream D．eagerness31．A．chance B．line C．light D．gold32．A．attending B．failing C．calling D．discussing33．A．.end B．aim C．edge D．opinion34．A．ideal B．permission C．curiosity D．concern35．A．curable B．essential C．temporary D．realistic三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenDunhuangismentioned,themostlastingimpressionisitshistoricalheritage,36(particular)themust-visitpaintedgrottos(石窟)oftheMogaoGrottos.Inadditionto37(preserve)thistreasuredheritage,thecityinGansuProvinceisnowseeking38(become)morecontemporaryandmeetdifferentneedsbysettingupmultifunctionalculturalplacesandofferingexperienceswithamoderntouch.TheDunbuangBookCenterissuchaplace.Likeotherbookstores,itisfilled39booksandcreativeculturalitems,butitisalsoundoubtedlyofDunhuang,with40(it)uniquedesign,titlesandgoodsinspiredbythegrottosandthemurals(壁画).ItopenedinApril2022.Twoyearslater,it41(earn)aspotonthe“mostbeautifulbookstoresoftheyear”listattheThirdNationalConferenceonReadinginKunmingCity,YunnanProvince.Coveringaround800squaremeters,itincludessome25,000bookscategorizedunder42(section)suchasDunhuang’shistory,murals,andcalligraphy.AllthebooksinthecenterareaboutDunhuang.Seventypercentofthemhave“Dunhuang”43(write)ontheircovers.Thecenteralsoboastsitsown“librarycave”,areferencetoCave17,44isfamousforthe50,000historicalartifacts.Theseincludemanuscripts,documents,textilesandritualware,fromthe4thtothel4thcentury,foundinsideitwhenitwasreopened.Inhonorofthecave,thecentersetup45uniquespacededicatedtomorethan1,200publicationsonDunhuangmanuscripts.四、书信写作46．假定你是李华，你校上周举办了一场主题为“中国茶文化”的讲座。请给你的外国朋友Anny写一封邮件，内容包括：1.讲座的主要内容；2.你的收获。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAnny,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。First,hereareafewthingsyouneedtoknowaboutmydad.Hewasaslightlyimpatientkindofguy.Ifhewantedsomethingdone,hewanteditdonenow,ifnotsooner.Second,youneedtoknowthatDadwasanearlyriser.Everysingleday.Noexceptions.Noexcuses.Workornowork.Holidaysorvacationdays,therewasmyfather,upandreadytogo.We’doftenstartvacationtripsat3:00amor4:00am“tobeatthetraffic”.Oh,andyoushouldknowthatMomwasanightowl,uplatewatchingalatemovieorawrestlingmatch.Itdidn’tmattertoMom.Sheenjoyedstayinguplate,late,late.Hereisonemorethingaboutmydad.Heiscolor-blind.Thatusuallydoesn’tmatter.Andhewasafairlyconservativekindofperson.Forinstance,heboughtournewhomeoutinthecountryandobjectedimmediatelytothestucco(粉饰灰泥)beingapalepeachcolor.Itwastoo“flashy”forDad.Hehiredapaintertocoverupallthatpeachwithanice,not-flashygray.Dadwasfondofgrayanyway.Andso,wearrivedattheSaturdaymorningwhenDadpoppedoutofbedasbright-eyedandbushy-tailedasever,feltrestless,andlookedaroundforsomethingthatneededdoing.Momwassoundasleep,asusual.MybrotherandIsleptinabit.TherewasnobodyaroundtokeepaneyeonDadandwhateverhedecidedtodonext.So,Daddecidedthattheporch(走廊)onournewlygrayhouseneededafreshcoatofpaint.Heheadedofftothehardwarestoretogetpaintandpaintingsupplies.Hedidnottellanyofus.Nordidheinviteanyofusalong.Wewerenotsurewhathappenedatthehardwarestore.ButwewereallprettysurethatDadhadnocluewhatcolorhewaspaintingthewoodenporch.Heworkedhardatthetask.MybrotherandIwokeup,wonderedwhereDadwas,andwentlookingforhim.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wefoundhimontheporch.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________MomshookherheadandmybrotherandIgrinned(咧嘴笑)—thepinkporchwouldsuredrawinterestingcomments.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________