2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案及解析（卷三）

2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案及解析（卷三）写作题目：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthefollowingquestion.Shouldparentsdecidechildren'scareerforthem?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.参考范文Inmodernsociety,theissueofwhetherparentsshoulddecidechildren'scareerforthemhassparkedaheateddebate.Someparentsfirmlybelievethattheyhavetherightandexperiencetomakecareerdecisionsfortheirchildren.Theythinktheycanoffervaluableinsightsbasedontheirlifeexperiencesandknowledgeofthejobmarket.However,Iholdtheviewthatchildrenshouldhavetherighttochoosetheirowncareers.Firstly,childrenareindividualswithuniqueinterestsandtalents.Forcingthemintoacareerthattheyarenotinterestedinmayleadtoalackofmotivationandenthusiasm.Secondly,intoday'srapidlychangingworld,newcareeropportunitiesareemergingconstantly.Children,beingmoreintunewiththecurrenttrends,mayhaveabetterunderstandingoffuturecareerprospects.Inconclusion,whileparents'advicecanbehelpful,childrenshouldbegiventhefreedomtopursuethecareersthattheytrulydesire.Thisway,theyaremorelikelytoachievesuccessandsatisfactionintheirprofessionallives.答案分析：文章先引出话题，提及部分家长认为自己能为孩子做职业决定。接着表明自己观点，阐述孩子应自主选择职业的两个理由，一是孩子有独特兴趣和天赋，二是孩子更了解当下趋势和未来职业前景。最后总结观点，强调孩子应有追求心仪职业的自由。听力短对话1.听力原文：M:Ileftmyraincoatinmyoffice.WaitwhileIgobacktogetit.W:Don'tbother.Theweatherreportsaiditwouldclearupbynoon.题目：Whatdoesthewomanmean?答案：Thereisnoneedforthemantogobackforhisraincoat.答案分析：男士要回去拿雨衣，女士说不用麻烦，天气预报说中午会放晴，意味着男士没必要回去拿雨衣。2.听力原文：M:Iwonderifyoufindmyexperiencerelevanttothejob.W:Yes,certainly.Butifonlyyouhadsentinyourapplicationletteraweekearlier.题目：Whatdoesthewomanimply?答案：Themanmissedthechance.答案分析：女士肯定男士经验与工作相关，但说要是男士早一周寄申请信就好了，暗示男士错过了机会。长对话听力原文W:Bob,doyouknowwhoIsawtheotherday?OldJake,lookingterriblydepressed.Didhegetpensionedoffatlast?M:Yes.Theymadehimretireafter50yearsatsea.Heisprettyupsetaboutit.W:Heisallalone,isn'the?M:Yes,hiswife'sbeendeadforyears.Theyhadonedaughter,Dories.Butshewentofftotownassoonassheleftschool.Andhehasn'theardfromhersince.Ihearsheismakinggoodmoneyasamodel.W:Maybesomeonecouldgetintouchwithher.Gethertocomebackforawhiletohelp?M:Idon'tsupposeshe'dcome.Shenevergotonwithherfather.Heisbitofatoughcharacterandsheisratherselfish.Oh,IexpectoldJakewillgetby.Heishealthyatleast,plentyoffreshairandexercise,youknow.W:Yes,couldbe.Hemighttakeupgardening.That'sbeengoodforpeopleofhisage.M:Yes,maybe.Thetroubleishe'sbeenontheoceanformostofhislife.He'llhardlyknowwhattodowithhimself.W:Hecouldgofishingbythelake.M:He'dlikethat.Buthecan'tgetaboutinawheelchair.He'dneedsomebodytohelphimgetoutofthehouse.1.题目：WhydoesoldJakelookterriblydepressed?答案：Hehasbeenforcedtoretire.答案分析：女士说老杰克看起来很沮丧，男士回答说他在海上工作50年后被强制退休了，所以他很沮丧。2.题目：WhatdowelearnaboutJake'sdaughter?答案：Shehasnotgotonwithherfather.答案分析：男士提到杰克的女儿和父亲关系不好，她很自私，所以不太可能回来帮忙。短文听力听力原文Arecentstudyshowsthatmeatconsumptionisoneofthemainwaysthathumancandamagetheenvironment,secondonlytotheuseofmotorvehicles.Sohowcaneatingmeathaveanegativeeffectontheenvironment?Forastart,allanimalsmustbefedandthatrequiresalotofcrops.Buttheprocessofgrowingcropsforanimalfeedemitsmuchgreenhousegas.It'struethatraisinglivestockcanproduceorganicfertilizer.Yetmanyfarmerstodaystruggletofindplacestostorethefertilizer.Moreover,tofeedsomanyanimals,farmersneedtoproducemoreandmoregrains.Farmersusuallyusemanychemicalstocontrolweedsandpests.Thesechemicalspollutewaterresourcesandharmtheenvironment.Also,cattleandsheepproducealotofmethane,whichisanotherdangerousgreenhousegas.Andthenthere'stransport:bringingtheanimalstomarketrequiresfuel.Whentheanimalsarekilled,thetransportandstorageofthemeatalsousealotofenergy.1.题目：Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?答案：Theenvironmentalimpactofmeatconsumption.答案分析：文章开头指出肉类消费是人类破坏环境的主要方式之一，接着阐述了吃肉对环境产生负面影响的多方面原因，所以主要谈论的是肉类消费对环境的影响。2.题目：Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutgrowingcropsforanimalfeed?答案：Itemitsmuchgreenhousegas.答案分析：文中明确提到为动物饲料种植作物的过程会排放大量温室气体。阅读理解选词填空原文Youprobablyknowthatsleepisimportantforgoodhealth.Butwhatyoumaynotknowisthatgettingenoughsleepcanalsohelpyoulookyourbest.Lackofsleepcanleadtodarkcirclesunderyoureyes,andevenprematurewrinkles.Sleephelpsyourskintorepairitself.Duringsleep,yourbodyproducesmoreofahormonecalledhumangrowthhormone(HGH),whichisimportantforcellrepairandregeneration.Thismeansthatwhileyou'resleeping,yourskincellsarebusyrepairingandrenewingthemselves.Buthowmuchsleepdoyouneedtolookyourbest?Formostadults,7to9hoursofsleeppernightisrecommended.However,somepeoplemayneedmoreorlesssleepdependingontheirindividualneeds.It'salsoimportanttoestablisharegularsleepschedule.Goingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeverydaycanhelpregulateyourbody'sinternalclock,makingiteasierforyoutofallasleepandwakeupfeelingrefreshed.Inadditiontogettingenoughsleep,thereareotherthingsyoucandotoimproveyourskin'sappearance.Eatingahealthydiet,drinkingplentyofwater,andavoidingsmokingandexcessivealcoholconsumptioncanallcontributetohealthy,glowingskin.题目及答案1.Theword“premature”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_.答案：early答案分析：“prematurewrinkles”指过早出现的皱纹，“early”意思最接近。2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesHGHdo?答案：Itisimportantforcellrepairandregeneration.答案分析：文中提到“humangrowthhormone(HGH),whichisimportantforcellrepairandregeneration”。3.Howmanyhoursofsleepisrecommendedformostadults?答案：7to9hours.答案分析：原文明确提到“Formostadults,7to9hoursofsleeppernightisrecommended”。长篇阅读原文PassageATheImportanceofRecyclingRecyclingisanessentialpracticethathelpstoconservenaturalresources,reducepollution,andsaveenergy.Whenwerecyclematerialssuchaspaper,plastic,glass,andmetal,weareabletoreusetheminsteadofextractingnewrawmaterialsfromtheearth.Thisnotonlyreducesthedemandforvirginresourcesbutalsominimizestheenvironmentalimpactassociatedwiththeirextractionandprocessing.Forexample,recyclingpapersavestrees,whichareavitalpartofourecosystem.Treesabsorbcarbondioxide,agreenhousegasthatcontributestoglobalwarming,andreleaseoxygenintotheatmosphere.Byrecyclingpaper,wecanhelptopreserveforestsandreducetheamountofcarbondioxideintheair.Recyclingalsoplaysacrucialroleinreducingpollution.Whenwasteissenttolandfills,itcanreleaseharmfulchemicalsandgasesintotheenvironment.Thesepollutantscancontaminatesoil,water,andair,posingathreattohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Byrecycling,wecandivertwastefromlandfillsandpreventthesepollutantsfrombeingreleased.Inadditiontoconservingresourcesandreducingpollution,recyclingcanalsosaveenergy.Theprocessofmanufacturingproductsfromrecycledmaterialsgenerallyrequireslessenergythanproducingthemfromvirginmaterials.Forinstance,makingaluminumcansfromrecycledaluminumuses95%lessenergythanproducingthemfrombauxiteore.PassageBTheChallengesofRecyclingWhilerecyclingisanimportantpractice,italsofacesseveralchallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisthelackofawarenessamongthepublic.Manypeoplearenotfullyinformedaboutthebenefitsofrecyclingorhowtorecycleproperly.Thiscanleadtoconfusionandlowparticipationratesinrecyclingprograms.Anotherchallengeisthecomplexityoftherecyclingprocess.Differentmaterialsrequiredifferentrecyclingmethods,anditcanbedifficultforpeopletounderstandwhichmaterialscanberecycledandhowtopreparethemforrecycling.Forexample,someplasticscanonlyberecycledincertainfacilities,andotherscannotberecycledatall.Thecostofrecyclingisalsoasignificantchallenge.Recyclingrequiresspecializedequipmentandfacilities,andthecostofoperatingthesefacilitiescanbehigh.Insomecases,thecostofrecyclingmaybehigherthanthecostofdisposingofwasteinlandfills.Thiscanmakeitdifficultformunicipalitiesandrecyclingcompaniestojustifytheinvestmentinrecyclinginfrastructure.题目及答案1.WhatisthemainideaofPassageA?答案：Theimportanceofrecyclinginconservingresources,reducingpollutionandsavingenergy.答案分析：文章开头点明主旨，接着分别从节约资源、减少污染和节省能源三个方面阐述了回收利用的重要性。2.AccordingtoPassageA,howdoesrecyclingpaperhelptheenvironment?答案：Itsavestreesandreducestheamountofcarbondioxideintheair.答案分析：文中提到回收纸张可以拯救树木，树木能吸收二氧化碳释放氧气，从而减少空气中二氧化碳含量。3.WhatarethemainchallengesofrecyclingmentionedinPassageB?答案：Lackofpublicawareness,complexityoftherecyclingprocessandhighcost.答案分析：文章明确指出回收利用面临公众缺乏意识、回收过程复杂和成本高这三个主要挑战。仔细阅读原文Inthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan'tfigureouthowtochangepeople'shabits,”saidDr.Curtis,thedirectoroftheHygieneCenterattheLondonSchoolofHygiene&TropicalMedicine.“Wewantedtolearnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewbehaviorsthathappenautomatically.”ThecompaniesthatDr.Curtisturnedto—Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever—hadinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsfindingthesubtlecuesinconsumers'livesthatcorporationscouldusetointroducenewroutines.Ifyoulookhardenough,you'llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday—chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.Acenturyago,fewpeopleregularlybrushedtheirteethmultipletimesaday.Today,becauseofcannyadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrands.Afewdecadesago,manypeopledidn'tdrinkwateroutsideofameal.Thenbeveragecompaniesstartedbottlingtheproductionoffar-offsprings,andnowofficeworkersunthinkinglysipbottledwateralldaylong.Chewinggum,onceboughtprimarilybyadolescentboys,isnowfeaturedincommercialsasabreathfreshenerandteethcleanserforuseafterameal.Skinmoisturizersareadvertisedaspartofmorningbeautyrituals,slippedinbetweenhairbrushingandputtingonmakeup.1.Accordingtothepassage,whathavecompaniesperfectedinthepastdecade?答案：Theartofcreatingautomaticbehaviorsamongconsumers.答案分析：文章首句提到“manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—hab