高考英语非谓语动词和语法填空给提示词解题思路

高考英语非谓语动词和语法填空给提示词解题思路（一）确定是谓语动词/非谓语动词基本原则：一句话中谓语动词的数量=连接词+1⭐特殊情况：1.省略连接词that的情况(1)

(2020全国III卷)Theartistwas

(谓语动词)

sure

(that)

hewould

bechosen

(谓语动词),

but

when

hepresented

(谓语动词)

hismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed

(谓语动词).(2)

Youshouldconsider

(谓语动词)

carefully

whether

thecar

(that)

youwanttobuy

(谓语动词)

is

(谓语动词)

worththemoney.3.有连无主用非谓(2023全国乙卷)

Havingvisited(非谓语动词)

severaltimesoverthelast10years,I

was

amazed(谓语动词)

by

theco-existenceofoldandnew,

and

howacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage

(遗产)

while

constantly

growing.

(非谓语动词)练习-判断下面空格处需要谓语动词还是非谓语动词1.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation__________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.A．谓语

B．非谓语2.Theoldcouplemovedbacktothecountrysidein2018and__________(lead)ahappyandpeacefullifeeversince.

A．谓语

B．非谓语3.Jackisanoutgoingstudentwhooften__________(volunteer)tohelptheseniorinthenursing

home.A．谓语动词

B．非谓语动词4.Anumberofpeoplewehadexpectedall__________(arrive)here.A．谓语

B．非谓语5.Shebelievedhe__________(succeed)despiteallthechallenges,givenhisdeterminationand

hardwork.A．谓语

B．非谓语6.UkrainianPresidentsaidthatRussia'sattacks__________(destroy)about30percentof

Ukraine'spowerstations.A．谓语

B．非谓语1.【解析】句中无连词，已有一个谓语动词

decided，其余的动词处理成非谓语，故选

B。2.【解析】句中有连词

and，需要

2

个谓语，已有一个谓语动词

moved，空格处作第二个谓语，故选

A。3.【解析】分析句子成分可知，这是一个由

who

引导的定语从句，who

在定语从句中充当主语成分，空格处需填谓语动词。4.【解析】句中

wehadexpected

是定语从句，省略了作宾语的关系代词，句中需要

2

个谓语，已有一个谓语动词

hadexpected，空格处作第二个谓语，故选

A。5.【解析】句中

believed

后是省略了

that

的宾语从句，句中需要

2

个谓语，已有一个谓语动词believed，空格处作第二个谓语，故选

A。6.【解析】句中有引导宾语从句的

that，句中需要

2

个谓语，已有一个谓语动词

said，空格处作第二个谓语，故选

A。

（二）谓语动词的三大考点1.

被动语态结构：bedone判断方法：句意＞看空格后⭐__________________________________________________________________________________________（2023全国乙卷）Havingvisited

severaltimesoverthelast10years,I

67

(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.【答案】

wasamazed。①确定空格处需要谓语动词②根据句意：主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系/或者看空格后面有by，所以用被动语态；③下文“howacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；故填wasamazed。Thewater__________(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.【答案】

felt①确定空格处需要谓语动词②考查动词时态语态和系表结构。feltcool是系表结构，主动形式表示被动意义③结合后面的jumped，保持一致，都用一般过去时。故答案是felt。练习-请判断以下空格处是否需要用被动；如果用，请标明判断依据1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspired

byThePeonyPavilion,_____________(build)

attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.2.【2024全国甲卷】Whatshould____45____

(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.3.(2022新高考I卷)TheGPNP________________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.4.(2022浙江1月卷)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane_____________________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.5.(2022浙江卷)Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,composition,andlight.Buthowcanapainting________________(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?6.(2021全国甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It________________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).7.(2021浙江1月卷)Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25________________(consider)healthy.8.(2021浙江卷)Mary’sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome________________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.9.(2020新高考)Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic________________(call)galleriesorrooms.10.(2020全国III卷)Theartistwassurehewould________________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.11.(2020北京卷)Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey________________(throw)away.2.

时态(1)熟记常考时态结构________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)时态判断思路step1:根据固定结构判断①sb+was/weredoing

sth.

when

sb.

did...

②This/It/That

is

thefirst/second...timethatsb.

have/hasdone...③This/It/That

was

thefirst/second...timethatsb.

haddone...④sb

+had(just)done

sth.when＋一般过去时

⑤祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时

⑥It’s

(high)time

that...did/shoulddo

sth.step2:根据常考时间提示词⭐尤其关注【现在完成时的提示词】按考频由高到低排列①since②sofar/uptonow/tillnow③lately/recently④Itis+

次数

+

完成时⑤for+时间段step3:根据上下文的其他动词典例1.

(2024年辽宁省东北育才学校一模试题)

Workingwithabillion-dollarbudget,he

combined

them

to

createaworkofarchitecture

that

canexcite

visitorsasmuch

as

theartcollectioninside

(do).【答案】does①确定空格处需要谓语动词（有2个连接词that/as→需要3个谓语动词；目前只有combined和canexcite)②根据句意确定用主动（在10亿美元的预算下，他将它们结合在一起，创造了一件建筑作品，它可以像里面的艺术收藏一样让游客兴奋不已。）③无明显的时间提示词，所以根据同一句中的can确定用一般现在时；注意主语是theartcollection，第三人称单数，所以填does。练习-请判断以下空格处动词的时态并标明判断依据1.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】

“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout________(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.2.【2024全国甲卷】

They__________(be)

partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.3.(2023新高考II卷)Asalittlegirl,I________________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.4.(2023全国甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill________________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.5.(2023全国乙卷)Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I________________(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.6.(2023全国甲卷)Intheevening,whenItakeawalkintheschoolgarden,thesingingofinsectsbecomemoremeaningfultome.7.(2023全国甲卷)Iusedtoafraidofinsects,butlastFriday’sbiologyclass

_________________(make)

abigchangeinme.8.(2022新高考I卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat________________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.9.(2022新高考II卷)Henry________________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.10.(2022新高考II卷)HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly________________(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.11.(2022全国甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao________________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestmountain.12.(2022全国乙卷)ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety________________(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargesttea-producingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind,”hesaid.13.(2022北京卷)Eventually,theman________________(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!14.(2022北京卷)Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gasnaturally________________(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.15.(2022北京卷)Theuseofthoseplastics________________(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.16.(2022浙江1月卷)ButCobbandothers________________(be)nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,andchangingtheirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.17.(2022浙江1月卷)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists________________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.18.(2021新高考I卷)Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit________________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.19.(2021新高考II卷)Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto________________(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.20.(2021全国甲卷)We________________(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.21.(2020新高考)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,________________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumthatopenedin1759.22.(2020全国I卷)TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess________________(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.3.

主谓一致（三单）基本原则（关注就近原则）主谓一致

关键步骤语法一致

(1)动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。

(2)and，both...and...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现时，谓语动词用单数形式。(3)主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with，togetherwith，aswellas，like，but，except，alongwith，ratherthan，including，inadditionto等谓语的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

(4)“manya/morethanone＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。

(5)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。

就近一致(1)由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...but(also)...，not...but...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数通常与最近的主语保持一致。

(2)由there，here引起的句子中主语不止一个时，谓语的数通常和最近的主语保持一致。

意义一致

(1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family，class，team，group等。

(2)“the＋形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

(3)由分数、百分数或者partof等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。

典例1.

(2024新课标II卷)

Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,

inspired

byThePeonyPavilion,

______________

(build)

attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.【答案】wasbuilt主语为“asix-meter-tallpavilion”，单数，用被动语态。故填wasbuilt。典例2.

(江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题)

WearingtraditionalLicostumes,andfishinginstreams________

(be)amongvisitors’favoriteactivities.Danzhouhasalsoattractedvisitorsbyorganizingsportsevents.【答案】are主语为WearingtraditionalLicostumes,andfishinginstreams，谓语用复数。故填are。练习-请判断以下空格处动词的主谓一致并标明判断依据1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_______________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor

the

firsttime.2.(2023全国甲卷)Intheevening,whenItakeawalkintheschoolgarden,thesingingofinsects

____________(become)

moremeaningfultome.3.(2022新高考I卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat________________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.4.(2022新高考I卷)TheGPNP________________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.5.(2022新高考II卷)Henry________________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.6.(2022新高考II卷)HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly________________(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.7.(2022全国甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao________________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestmountain.8.(2022北京卷)Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gasnaturally________________(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.9.(2022北京卷)Theuseofthoseplastics________________(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.10.(2022浙江1月卷)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane________________________________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.11.(2022浙江1月卷)ButCobbandothers________________(be)nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,andchangingtheirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.12.(2022浙江1月卷)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists________________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.13.(2022浙江卷)Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,composition,andlight.Buthowcanapainting________________(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?14.(2021新高考I卷)Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit________________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.15.(2021新高考II卷)Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto________________(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.16.(2021全国甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It________________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).17.(2021北京卷)Asit________________(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.综合练习1．（2024高三上·浙江·专题练习）Citizensofhighersocialclasses

(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.【答案】werepermitted【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizensofhighersocialclasses构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填werepermitted。2．（23-24高三上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Accordingtosomeacademicstudies,sugarpainting

(date)backtotheMingDynastywhensugaranimalsandfiguresweremadeinmoulds(模具)aspartofasacrificeinreligiousceremonies.【答案】dates【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据一些学术研究，糖画可以追溯到明朝，当时糖制的动物和人物是在模具中制成的，作为宗教仪式中祭祀的一部分。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是单数名词“sugarpainting”，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。3．（23-24高三上·江苏南通·期末）Breakingdeeplyimbeddedhabitualtendenciessuchasprocrastination,impatience,criticalness,orselfishnessthatviolatebasicprinciplesofhumaneffectiveness

(involve)morethanalittlewillpowerandafewminorchangesinourlives.【答案】involves【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：打破根深蒂固的习惯倾向，如拖延、不耐烦、挑剔或自私，这些违反了人类效率的基本原则，需要的不仅仅是一点意志力和生活中的一些小改变。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的定语从句，主句中缺少谓语，所以involve做本句谓语，主语是Breaking，为第三人称单数，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填involves。4．（23-24高三上·福建·阶段练习）Theconstructionworkers

(plug)theholewithplasticbagsbeforeitrainedheavily.【答案】hadplugged【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在下大雨之前，建筑工人已经用塑料袋堵住了这个洞。根据时间状语从句beforeitrainedheavily可知，此处是描述在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时，故填hadplugged。5．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）Sofar,largequantities