2024-2025学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅣGrammar课后演练提能北师大版选修7

PAGEPAGE10Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅣGrammar03课后演练提能[夯实·基础学问]Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空1.Youhaveworkedhardallday.You________betired.答案：must2.—CouldIhavethetelevisionon?—Yes,you________./No,you________.答案：can;can't3.Ifthatisthecase,we________aswelltry.答案：may/might4.—Whydidn'tyouanswermyphonecall?—Well,I________havebeensleeping,soIdidn'thearit.答案：must5.Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI________havedoneso.Theweatherwashot.答案：needn't6.Mike________havefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.答案：can't7.Candidates________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.答案：shall8.I________rathertheydidn'thearofthenews.答案：would9.People________diewithoutairorwater.答案：will10.He________speakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd.答案：dare/daren'tⅡ.完成句子1.Tom__________________theexamforheisveryhappynow.汤姆肯定已经通过考试了，因为他现在很兴奋。答案：musthavepassed2.Ifhe__________________，he__________________greaterprogress.他假如不是因病缺课太多的话，早已经取得更大的进步了。答案：hadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses;wouldhavemade3.IfI________you,I__________________tolookforhim.假如我是你，我就会去找他。答案：were;wouldgo4.Ifhe________here,everything__________________allright.假如他在这儿，一切都会好的。答案：were;wouldbe5.You________________morefromhim,ifyouhadfollowedhim.假如你跟着他学，你本可以向他学到更多东西的。答案：mighthavelearnedⅢ.句型转换1.Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Iwouldhavefailed.(转换为含蓄虚拟条件句)→_____________________________________________________答案：Without/Butforyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.2.IfIwereateacher,Iwouldhavelotsofstudents.(转换为省略句)→_____________________________________________________答案：WereIateacher,Iwouldhavelotsofstudents.3.IfweshouldvisitZhejiang→_____________________________________________________答案：ShouldwevisitZhejiang4.IfIhadenteredRui'anHighSchool,Iwouldnotsitherenow.(转换为省略句)→_____________________________________________________答案：HadIenteredRui'anHighSchool,Iwouldnotsitherenow.5.Withoutsunlightorwater,allthelivingthingsontheearthwoulddie.(转换为if条件句)→_____________________________________________________答案：Iftherewerenotsunlightorwater,allthelivingthingsontheearthwoulddie.Ⅳ.单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1.Thenewlawstatesthatpeople________driveafterdrinkingalcohol.答案：mustn't句意：新的法律规定，禁止酒后开车。“mustn't”不准。2.It________havebeenhertoleaveherchildalone.Sheisn'tsuchaperson.答案：couldn'tcouldn't表示对过去的否定推想。3.Itwasmyfault.I________(tell)youaboutthemeetingearlier.答案：shouldhavetold表示“本应当做但没有做”，用shouldhavedone。4.—CanIpaythebillbycheck?—Sorry,sir.Butitisthemanagementruleofourhotelthatpayment________bemadeincash.答案：shallshall与其次、三人称连用，表示规则，承诺或具有法律效力的事。5.Icouldn't________(go)throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.答案：havegone表示对过去状况的虚拟，应用情态动词＋完成式。6.Ican'tleave.ShetoldmethatI________stayhereuntilshecomesback.答案：must“must”必需，符合句意。7.________(persuade)himnottodoso,hewouldn'thavemadesuchaseriousmistake.答案：HadIpersuaded句意：要是我事先劝服他不那么做的话，他就不会犯这么严峻的错误了。题干中主句的谓语部分为wouldn'thavemade，表示该动作与过去事实相反，故条件句用haddone的虚拟结构，条件句中有had且省略if时，要将had提到主语之前。8.IfI________(learn)mylessonshard,Iwouldn'thavefailedinthefinalexam.答案：hadlearned依据主句中的“wouldn'thavefailed”可知，从句叙述过去的状况，故用过去完成时。9.Lookatthetroublewe'rein.Ifonlywe________(take)ourteacher'sadvice!答案：hadtaken后一句句意：要是我听从了老师的建议多好！表示与过去状况相反的虚拟，用过去完成时。10.—HowIwishIhadstudiedharderwhenIwasinseniorschool!—Ifyouhad,you________(be)auniversitystudentnow.答案：would/could/might/shouldbe句意：——我多么希望在中学的时候学习能再努力点啊！——假如你努力点学习，现在你就是一个高校生了。本题中从句是对过去的虚拟，主句中有时间状语now，是对现在的虚拟，所以用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”的形式。[提升·实战实力]Ⅴ.完形填空Ispoketoagroupofyoungpeoplenotlongago.WhenIfinished,they___1___metogooutwiththemtohaveagoodtime.eq\a\vs4\al(P1)WhenIwasattheir___2___，Iprobablywouldhavegivenintothattemptation(诱惑)andgone.ButI___3___thatevening.Afriendofmine,WesSmith,wroteahumor___4___calledWelcometotheRealWorld,andinithe___5___advicetofreshhighschoolandcollegegraduates.Hehadalineinthebookthatwasthe___6___Ifacedthatnight.Itsaid,“Havingadrinkwiththeboysafterworkeverynightisa___7___idea.Noticethatthe___8___doesn'tdoit.Thatiswhyheisthebossandtheyare___9___theboys.”Westoldmethathewrotethatlinewithagroupofhard­partying___10___businessmeninmind,andfiveyearsafterthebookcame___11___，heranintoeq\a\vs4\al(P2)oneofthem.Theguy___12___thathe'dreadthatlineinWes'sbookanddecided___13___togodrinkingafterworkagain.It___14___，hesaid.Hehadrisentoavicepresidencyatasavingsandloaneq\a\vs4\al(W1).Inmydrivetobecomeapublic___15___，Idevelopedthatkindoffocuseq\a\vs4\al(W2)，too.Thereisnotalotoftimeforhardpartyingifyouare___16___greatness.Itwasnotthattheseyoungfellowswerenotseriousabouttheirinterestinprofessionaleq\a\vs4\al(W3)speaking,___17___theywerejustseriousabouthavingagoodtime.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Idon'tbelievetheywere___18___ontheirgoals.Ratherthaneq\a\vs4\al(P3)thepartycrowd,Iprefertoseekoutpeoplewith___19___thatmightbeuseful.Iliketofindoutwhatbooks___20___peoplearereading.Iwantaccesseq\a\vs4\al(W4)totheinformationthatcontributestoeq\a\vs4\al(P4)theirsuccess.语篇导读：结合自己和挚友的经验，作者告知我们一个深刻的道理：要想胜利，就要执着追求。1.A．forcedB．advisedC．allowed D．invited答案：D依据上下文可知，一群年轻人邀请(invite)作者和他们一起出去。文中没有“逼迫”、“建议”或“允许”的意思。2.A．time B．ageC．place D．hope答案：B作者想到，当自己在他们这个年龄(age)的时候，或许会屈服于这种出去玩乐的诱惑。3.A．refused B．continuedC．hesitated D．succeeded答案：A联系下文尤其是第四段的描述可知，那天晚上作者并没有接受他们的邀请，而是拒绝(refuse)了。4.A．joke B．storyC．diary D．book答案：D依据第11空前的“...afterthebookcame...”可知，此处指Smith写了一本幽默“书籍”。5.A．passed B．offeredC．followed D．changed答案：B在Smith的书中，他给中学新生和高校毕业生们供应了一些建议。6.A．trouble B．conditionC．promise D．situation答案：D此处指作者那晚所面临的状况(situation)。7.A．bad B．goodC．real D．great答案：A依据其次段最终两句可知，老板不会像他们那样做，这就是他胜利的缘由。由此可推知，Smith认为每天下班后和其他人出去喝酒是一个坏(bad)办法。8.A．clerk B．soldierC．boss D．customer答案：C结合下句中的“这就是他为什么是老板的缘由”可推知，此处指老板(boss)是不会那么做的。9.A．even B．stillC．just D．also答案：B此处用老板的胜利对比这几个年轻人的不胜利，故still符合题意。10.A．old B．cleverC．rich D．young答案：D联系第5空后的内容可知，Smith的信是写给年轻人的，故此处指年轻的(young)生意人。11.A．out B．inC．up D．on答案：A此处指Smith的这本书出版五年后的一天。“comeout”出版。12.A．introduced B．agreedC．volunteered D．admitted答案：CSmith并没有要求他做什么，小伙子主动说自己读了Smith书里的那段话，故用volunteer。13.A．often B．neverC．always D．ever答案：B结合其次段倒数第三句Smith的观点可知，此处指小伙子说他确定下班后恒久不(never)出去喝酒了。14.A．wentalong B．tookplaceC．turnedup D．paidoff答案：D依据第三段最终一句可知，小伙子的事业有了起色，故他说自己的努力奏效(payoff)了。15.A．speaker B．teacherC．lawyer D．leader答案：A依据文章第一句“Ispoketoagroupofyoungpeoplenotlongago.”以及第17空前的“theirinterestinprofessionalspeaking”可推知，作者是演讲者(speaker)。16.A．showing B．owningC．pursuing D．enjoying答案：C本句意为：假如你追求(pursue)卓越，那你就没有太多时间聚会。17.A．and B．butC．or D．so答案：B分析上下文的逻辑关系可知，此处表达的是转折意义，故用连词but。18.A．based B．placedC．fixed D．focused答案：D依据上文可知，假如只想玩得欢乐，那他们就无法把留意力放在自己的目标上。“befocusedon”关注。19.A．knowledge B．powerC．information D．treasure答案：A依据上下文可知，作者不愿去参与聚会，而是去找出那些有有用的学问(knowledge)的人。20.A．wealthy B．positiveC．successful D．modest答案：C依据文章最终一句可知，作者想了解“胜利”人士所读的书，了解他们胜利的秘诀。Ⅵ.阅读理解Theidealeq\a\vs4\al(W1)relationshipbetweenbrothersandsistersisobviouslydifferentfromtherealisticeq\a\vs4\al(W2)relationshipsthatexistbetweenbrothersandsisters.eq\a\vs4\al(S)Anyonewhohashadeitherabrother,asisterorbothwillknowalittlebitaboutsibling_rivalry.Siblingrivalrydoesnotnecessarilystemfrom(源于)thedesiretobethe“favorite”amongone'sparents.Infacteq\a\vs4\al(P1)，siblingrivalrycanalsobeattributedtoasortofeq\a\vs4\al(P2)naturalcompetitionthatarisesbetweenpeople,especiallythoselivingclosetooneanother.Already,childhooddescribesandshapesthedevelopmentoftherelationshipsbetweensiblings.Sothattypeofhostileeq\a\vs4\al(W3)relationshipmaynotcontinuethroughoutthesiblings'lives.Thisobservationisapparentinmanysiblingrelationships,evenmyown.Yet,whatcanexplainthechangethathappens?Perhaps,ithassomethingtodowithmaturity(成熟).Maturityfocusesoneq\a\vs4\al(P3)one'srelationships,eventhosebetweensiblings.Whetherornotmaturitydirectlyaccomplishesthecreationoffriendlytermsbetweensiblingsisnotentirelyclear,butitisapparentthatmaturityhelpstoexplainwhysiblingstakefocusawayfromcreatingantagonism(对立)andinsteaddirectittowardscommunity.Iftheoldsaying,“Bloodisthickerthanwater”，isappliedtosiblingrelationships,wefindthatgeneticrelationshipscanenhanceeq\a\vs4\al(W4)socialrelationships.So,evenifwewantsiblingrelationshipstobepeacefulandloving,wecannotexpectthosefriendlytermstoexistalways.Whatisimportantinthistypeofrelationshipistheconceptofforgivenesseq\a\vs4\al(W5).Forgivenesscanhealanywound,andinthecaseofsiblingrelationships,itcanbethepathtoalifeoftogethernessandsolidarity(团结)．Therefore,itisentirelytruethatwecannotpickandchoosewhoisinourfamily.But,wecanlearntolivetogetherpeaceablydespiteourdifferences.Thisnotonlyappliestosiblingrelationships,buttoallrelationshipsingeneral.语篇导读：手足之争不肯定是来源于希望得到父母更多的爱，事实上还可能是出于一种人与人之间的自然竞争。本文作者对这一现象产生的缘由及其发展和影响进行了分析和解读。1.Theunderlinedphrase“siblingrivalry”inParagraph1probablymeans________.A.siblingscompeteformorelovefromtheirparentsB.parentscanhardlytreattheirchildrenequallyC.peoplewouldliketoliveclosetooneanotherD.studentsworkhardtogetherattheirlessons答案：A词义揣测题。依据上下文(第一段第一句到第三句)的意思可知，siblingrivalry在此处指“手足之争”，即兄弟姐妹们争相得到父母更多的爱。2.Whichofthefollowingcanleadtoapeacefulandsolidlife?A.Theconceptofdetermination.B.Thequalityofforgiveness.C.Thefriendlyrelationships.D.Thespiritofbravery.答案：B细微环节理解题。依据第四段最终一句可知，宽恕对稳固家庭关系很有帮助，有利于促进家庭的和谐与团结。3.Ifwewanttobuildgoodrelationships,weshould________.A.tryourbesttochooseoutgoingsiblingsB.bealwaysreadytohelpeachotherC.acceptallthedifferentpersonalitiesD.trytobequitedifferentfromothers答案：C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段其次句可知，接受各自的不同特性是建立良好关系的关键。Ⅶ.短文改错DearSmith，I'mdelightedthatyouhaveacceptedourinvitationtospeakatmyschoolthenextweek.Asyouagreed,you'llspeakoverthetopicPreparefortheFuture,theonewhichwillbeimportantlyforourcareer.AndIwritetoyoudiscussmoredetailsaboutyourspeech.First,couldyoupleaseletmeknowwhichki