专题01阅读理解记叙文()-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解

十年（20122021）高考英语真题分项详解（）阅读理解·记叙文1.（2021年6月，浙江高考）LeslieNielsen'schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislifehisuncle,whowasawellknownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer（职业）inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeanotalent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,beingafulltime,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn'tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn'tuntil198032yearsintohiscareerthathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehisedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingtheedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemighthejustaroundtheer.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen'sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.21.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.22.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfuledyactor.23.WhatdoesNielsen'scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It'snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere'sawillthere'saway.答案与解析：21.C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareerinacting”可知，尼尔森的叔叔所受到的赞赏和尊敬激励着尼尔森他想在表演上干出一番事业。由此可知，尼尔森想成为一名演员是因为他有想成为像他叔叔一样的人的思想所致。故选C。22.D细节理解题。题干定位:根据题干中的inthesecondhalfofhiscareer可将本题题眼锁定在第二段。根据第二段中的“Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehisedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhen...”可知，尼尔森在其事业的后半段因为电影Airplane而成为一名成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。23.D推理判断题。本文主要介绍了尼尔森受叔叔的影响在进入演艺圈，并且32年后因一部电影让其喜剧天分发挥到极致而一举成名，从而实现了他想成为喜剧演员的梦想。由此可知，有志者事竟成。故选D。2.（2021年6月，浙江高考）Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwoparkslessthan10minutes'walkfromhomewhereneighbourhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreenanyscreenandstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today'schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguningupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsago,filmmakerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay"chocolate"intohisthreeyearoldson'searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself"marketingdirectorforNature".Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWildNetworkagroupoforganisationswiththemongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature."Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,"DavidBondsays."Thereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeahabitforlife."Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenow:"Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottoebackinforawhile."Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.24.Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor'schildren?A.Theyoftenannoytheneighbours.B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheirhomework.C.TheyhavenofriendstoplaywithD.Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong.25.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?A.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"charts"inparagraph2A.recordsB.predictsC.delaysD.confirms27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LetChildrenHaveFunB.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTireC.MarketNaturetoChildrenD.DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren答案与解析：24.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.”可知，作者的孩子们放学后想做的第一件事就是拿起一个屏幕任何一个屏幕—盯着它看上几个小时。说明作者的孩子的问题是花在屏幕上的时间太多。故选D。25.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself...,afilmwhichchartsthebirthofthewildNetwork,agroupoforganizationswiththemongoalofpettingchildrenoutintonature”可知，David是一个电影导演，利用媒体来向孩子们推销大自然，记录了自己的活动，并且拍成了一部电影ProjectwildThing，由此可知他是通过制作纪录片的形式来倡导自己的想法的。故选A。26.A词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前面的句子“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople”可知其中的“documented”意为“记录”。因此，结合划线词后面的“thebirthoftheWildNetwork”可知，他的纪录片记录了一个组织的诞生，顾“charts”意为“记录”，故选A。27.C主旨大意题。作者通过回忆自己小时候在外面玩，以及现在自己的孩子花费在屏幕上时间太多，而不再出去玩了，过渡并叙述了很多人们意识到了这个问题，并且以电影导演DavidBond为例，拍摄纪录片，倡导让孩子们到户外，到大自然中去等，因此C项符合题意。3.（2021年1月，浙江高考）Morethan25yearsago，SarooBrierleylivedinrural（农村）India.Oneday，heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone，the4﹣year﹣olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim﹣sohegoton.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets，andtheninanorphanage（孤儿院）.There，hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.Ashewritesinhisnewbook，ALongWayHome，Brierleycouldn'thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks，butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname，findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram'ssatellitepictures.In2011，hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown'scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird's﹣eyeview.Hethought，"Ontheright﹣handsideyoushouldseethethree﹣platformtrainstation"﹣andthereitwas."Andontheleft﹣handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain"﹣andthereitwas.Everythingjuststartedtomatch.Whenhestoodinfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild，hesawaladystandingintheentrance."There'ssomethingaboutme，"hethought﹣andittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays，"MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward，andIwalkedforward，andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain，youknow，itwaslikeanuclearfusion（核聚变）.Ijustdidn'tknowwhattosay，becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldeveretrue.AndhereIam，standinginfrontofher."21．WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago？A.Hegotonatrainbymistake.B.Hegotlostwhileplayinginthestreet.C.Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner.D.HewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily.22．HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown？A.Byanalyzingoldpictures.B.BytravellingallaroundIndia.C.Bystudyingdigitalmaps.D.Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook.23．WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkaboutintheinterview？A.Hisloveforhismother.B.Hisreunionwithhismother.C.Hislongwaybackhome.D.Hismemoryofhishometown.答案与解析：21．【解析】根据第一段最后一句中的the4yeaolddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhimsohegoton以及第二段中的Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.可知,布赖尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。【答案】A.22．【解析】根据第四段中的Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram'ssatellitepictures.In2011，hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.可知，布赖尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。【答案】C23．【解析】根据最后一段中的MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered..becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldeveretrue.可知，布赖尔利在采访中讲述了与母亲团聚时的心情与感受。故选B项。【答案】B4.（2020年1月，浙江高考）Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson’sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanythingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.“Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,”Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou’dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.IrememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMrs.Calloway?A.diet. B.Strict. C.Humorous. D.Considerate.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A.Desiretoread. B.LoveforMrs.Calloway.C.Interestingames. D.Fearofthelibraryrules.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.guidebook. B.anautobiography. C.anewsreport. D.bookreview.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。1.推理判断题。根据第一段中Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.（我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs.Calloway很严格。故选B。2.词义猜测题。根据下文Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。3.推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。5.（2019年6月，浙江高考）ZachariahFikehasanunusualhobby.Hefindsoldmilitary(军队的)medalsforsaleinantiquestoresandontheInternet.Butunlikemostcollectors,Zactracksdownthemedals’rightfulowners,andreturnsthem.HisefforttoreunitefamilieswithlostmedalsbeganwithaChristmasgiftfromhismother,aPurpleHeartwiththenameCorradoA.G.Piccoli,foundinanantiqueshop.ZacknowsthemeaningofaPurpleHeart—heearnedonehimselfinawarasasoldier.Sowhenhismothergavehimthemedal,heknewrightawaywhathehadtodo.ThroughtheInternet,ZactrackeddownCorrado’ssisterAdelineRockko.Butwhenhefinallyreachedher,thewomanfloodedhimwithquestions:“Whoareyou?Whatantiqueshop?”However,whenshehungup,sheregrettedthewayshehadhandledthecall.SoshecalledZacbackandapologized.SoonshedrovetomeetZacinWatertown,N.Y.“Atthatpoint,Iknewshemeantbusiness,”Zacsays.“Todriveeighthourstoetoseeme.”ThePiccolisgrewupthechildrenofItalianimmigrantsinWatertown.Corrado,atranslatorfortheArmyduringWWII,waskilledinactioninEurope.BeforehearingfromZac,Adelinehadn’trealizedthemedalwasmissing.Likemanymilitarymedals,theoneZac’smotherhadfoundwasafamilytreasure.“Thismedalwasveryprecioustomyparents.Onlyonspecialoccasions(场合)wouldtheytakeitoutandletusholditinourhands,”Adelinesays.Asachild,Adelinecouldn’tunderstandwhythemedalwassosignificant.“ButasIgrewolder,”Adelinesays,“andmissedmybrothermoreandmore,Irealizedthatwastheonlythingwehadleft.”CorradoPiccoli’sPurpleHeartmedalnowhangsattheItalianAmericanCivicAssociationinWatertown.ZacrecentlyreturnedanotherlostmedaltoafamilyinAlabama.SincehefirstreunitedCorrado’smedal,Zacsayshisrecordisnow5for5.4.WheredidZacgetaPurpleHeartmedalforhimself？A.Inthearmy.B.Inanantiqueshop.C.Fromhismother.D.FromAdelineRockko.5.WhatdidZacrealizewhenAdelinedrovetomeethim？A.Shewasveryimpolite.B.Shewasseriousaboutthemedal.C.Shesuspectedhishonesty.D.Shecamefromawealthyfamily.6.WhatmadeAdelinetreasurethePurpleHeart?A.Herparents’advice.B.Herknowledgeofantiques.C.Herchildhooddream.D.Hermemoryofherbrother.【答案】4.A5.B6.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。ZachariahFike有一个不同寻常的业余爱好：他在网上和古董店里寻找旧的军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。4.细节理解题。根据第二段中的ZacknowsthemeaningofaPurpleHeart—heearnedonehimselfinawarasasoldier.Sowhenhismothergavehimthemedal,heknewrightawaywhathehadtodo.可知，当Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了一枚PurpleHeart。故A项正确。5.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Todriveeighthourstoetoseeme.”可以推知，Adeline为了那枚PurpleHeart开车八个小时来见Zac，由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地。故B选项正确。6.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Corrado,atranslatorfortheArmyduringWWII,waskilledinactioninEurope.和倒数第三段中的“ButasIgrewolder,”Adelinesays,“andmissedmybrothermoreandmore,Irealizedthatwastheonlythingwehadleft.”可知，这枚勋章寄托了Adeline对于去世的哥哥Corrado的回忆和思念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故D选项正确。6.（2018年11月，浙江高考）Istarteverysummerwiththebestofintentions:toattackonebigbookfromthepast,aclassicthatIwassupposedtohavereadwhenyoungandambitious.Oftenthepairingsofbooksandsettingshavebeenpurelyaccidental:"MobyDick"onathreedaycrosscountrytraintrip:“TheMagicMountain”inaNewEnglandbeachsidecottagewithnolocksonthedoors,notelephonesortelevisionsintherooms,andlittletodobeyondrowonthesaltpond.Attempting"TheManWithoutQualities"onareturntoHawaii,mynativestate,however,waslessfruitful:Imadeitthroughoneandaquartervolumes(册),thendecidedthatI'dgotthepointandwentswimminginstead.ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.I’mnotquiteinterestedinBalzac,say,or“TristramShandy.”There’salwaysWarandPeace,whichI'vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes,onlytogetboggeddowninthe"War"part,setitasideforawhile,andrealizethatIhavetostartoverfromthebeginningagain,havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank.Howappealingtosimplyfallbackonafavoriteoncemoreinto“TheWaves”or“Justine,”whichfeelsalmostlikecheating,tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.Andthenthere’sStendhal’s“TheRedandtheBlack,”whichhappenstobethenameofmyfavoritecocktail(鸡尾酒)ofthesummer,createdbyMichaelCecconiatSavoyandBackForty.Itiseasytodrink,andknockingbackthreeorfourseemslikesuchadelightfulidea.Cecconi'stheory:"Itakewhatever’sfreshatthegreenmarketandturnitintoliquid."Theresultisapureshotofafternooninthepark,makingonefeelcheerfulandpeacefulallatonce,lyingonuncutgrasswitheyesshut,sunbeatingthroughthelids...7.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.HehasacottageinNewEngland.B.Heshowstalentsforliterature.C.Heenjoysreadingwhentraveling.D.Headmiresalotofgreatwriters.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"getboggeddown"inparagraph2mean?A.Getconfused.B.Becarriedaway.C.Beinterrupted.D.Makenoprogress.9.Whydoestheauthorsayreadinghisfavoritebooksfeelslikecheating?A.Hefinishesthemquickly.B.Heshouldreadsomethingserious.C.Hebarelyunderstandsthem.D.Hehasreadthemmanytimesbefore.10.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheBooksofSummerB.MySummerHolidaysC.ToReadorNottoReadD.It’sNeverTooLatetoRead【答案】7.C8.D9.B10.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢暑期旅游读书，并和我们分享了自己读书的体会。7.推理判断题。根据第一段中"MobyDick"onathreedaycrosscountrytraintrip:“TheMagicMountain”inaNewEnglandbeachsidecottage……"TheManWithoutQualities"onareturntoHawaii,等内容可知，作者在旅行中喜欢读名著，故选C。8.猜测词义题。根据句中coveredsomedistanceseveraltimes和setitasideforawhile及读后的结果havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank.可知，作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边。句中画线的“getboggeddown”指的是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。与Makenoprogress同义，故选D。9.推理判断题。根据第二段Howappealingtosimplyfallbackonafavoriteoncemoreinto“TheWaves”or“Justine,”whichfeelsalmostlikecheating,tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.可知，作者再次读到自己最喜欢的书时，感到非常刺激和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与严肃的作品不适合，所以这时候会有cheating的感觉，认为自己应该读一些严肃的东西。故选B。10.主旨大意题。文章第一段开头作者就点明everysummer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段myfavoritecocktail(鸡尾酒)ofthesummer,再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，TheBooksofSummer适合作为标题，故选A。7.（2018年6月，浙江高考）In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteampoweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalfdozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.11.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.12.DickensisparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________.A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature13.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.【答案】11.C12.D13.A【解析】本文写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。11.细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteampoweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors...Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.可知，印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、不正常的，或者毫无价值可言。故选C。12.推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’greatnessisunchallenged.和列举的CharlesDickens小说的影响可知，把他和MonaLisa相比是为了说明CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要性和MonaLisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。13.写作意图题。根据文中对CharlesDickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知，本文是写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。8.（2017年11月，浙江高考）WhenIwasinfourthgrade,Iworkedparttimeasapaperboy.Mrs.Stanleywasoneofmycustomers.She’dwatchmeingdownherstreet,andbythetimeI’dbikeduptoherdoorstep,there’dbeacolddrinkwaiting.I’dsitanddrinkwhileshetalked.Mrs.Stanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“Mr.StanleyandIwentshoppingthismorning.”she’dsay.Thefirsttimeshesaidthat,soda(汽水)wentupmynose.ItoldmyfatherhowMrs.StanleytalkedasifMr.Stanleywerestillalive.Dadsaidshewasprobablylonely,andthatIoughttositandlistenandnodmyheadandsmile,andmaybeshe’dworkitoutofhersystem.Sothat’swhatIdid,anditturnedoutDadwasright.Afterawhilesheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusbandoveratthecemetery(墓地).Ifinallyquitdeliveringnewspapersanddidn’tseeMrs.Stanleyforseveralyears.Thenwecrossedpathsatachurchfundraiser(募捐活动).Shewasspooningmashedpotatoesandlookinghappy.Fouryearsbefore,she’dhadtoofferherpaperboyadrinktohavesomeonetotalkwith.Nowshehadfriends.Herhusbandwasgone,butlifewenton.Iliveinthecitynow,andmypaperboyisaladynamedEdnawiththreekids.SheasksmehowI’mdoing.WhenIdon’tsay“fine”,shesticksaroundtohearmyproblems.She’slivedinthecitymostofherlife,butsheknowsaboutmunity.munityisn’tsomuchaplaceasitisastateofmind.Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou’redoingbecausetheycare,andnotbecausethey’regettingpaidtodoso.Sometimesit’sgoodtojustsmile,nodyourheadandlisten.14.Whydidsodagouptheauthor’snoseonetime?A.Hewastalkingfast. B.Hewasshocked.C.Hewasinahurry. D.Hewasabsentminded.15.WhydidtheauthorsitandlistentoMrs.StanleyaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Heenjoyedthedrink. B.Hewantedtobehelpful.C.Hetookthechancetorest. D.Hetriedtopleasehisdad.16.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“workitoutofhersystem”?A.recoverfromhersadness B.moveoutoftheneighborhoodC.turntoheroldfriends D.speakoutaboutherpast17.Whatdoestheauthorthinkpeopleinamunityshoulddo?A.Openuptoothers. B.Dependoneachother.C.Payforother’shelp D.Careaboutoneanother.【答案】14.B15.B16.A17.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是作者曾经是一个报童，他听从父亲的建议，关心一位丧偶的顾客Mrs.Stanley，每次去Mrs.Stanley家送报都会停留一会儿倾听她的故事。而作者多年后又被自家的报童关心着。由此作者感悟到社区邻里之间应多互相关心。14.推理判断题。根据第二段中Mrs.Stanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“Mr.StanleyandIwentshoppingthismorning,”she’dsay.Thefirsttimeshesaidthat,soda(汽水)wentupmynose.可推测，作者第一次听到Mrs.Stanley一直谈死去的丈夫时，汽水喝呛了，可以推断出作者当时极为震惊的。故选B。15.推理判断题。根据第三段中Dadsaidshewasprobablylonely,andthatIoughttositandlistenandnodmyheadandsmile可知，爸爸说她很孤独，作者应该倾听她说话，并点头微笑，因此推断作者倾听Mrs.Stanley说话是为了消除她的孤独，对她有帮助。故选B。16.短语猜测题。根据第三段最后一句Afterawhilesheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusbandoveratthecemetery(墓地).可知，Mrs.Stanley看来已从失去丈夫的悲痛中走了出来，说明画线部分描述的是：她可能“消除自己的悲伤情绪，从悲伤中走出来了”。故选A。17.推理判断题。根据最后一段Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou’redoingbecausetheycare,以及作者的经历，作者想要表明的观点是社区邻里间应该互相关心。故选D。9.（2017年6月，浙江高考）BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel’shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱）.Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin’scousins,Mr.Pennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin’sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin’sparentsifhemighttaketheboytoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awellknownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,＂Thosetwobooksweremypanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.＂Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.18.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Benjamin’svisittoPhiladelphia.B.Williams’influenceonBenjamin.C.ThebeginningofBenjamin’slifeasanartist.D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.19.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C.Benjaminwouldleave