第09讲七选五提升年新高二英语暑假课（译林版2020选择性）

第09讲七选五提升（解析版）【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）【学习目标】1．掌握七选五的基本做题技巧2．提升该题型的做题正确率【基础知识】解题策略一、略读文章大意以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however,but后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。二、阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。三、关注文中结构在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，也可通过观察语言结构将选择范围大大缩小。标题结构如果考查段落标题，先看看其他标题的语言形式，同一文章中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。如果其他标题是名词短语，该题答案也是名词短语；如果其他标题是祈使句，该题的答案也是祈使句。句子结构如果正确选项只是某个句子的一个部分，就要看看空后这个部分是不是句子，如果是句子，看看是否有连词，如果没有连词，要选的正确选项就应是短语或是带有连词的从句。例如：Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.

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,buythebestfitting,bestbuiltrunningshoesyoucanfind.A.

AftersixdaysB.

ForagoodmarathonrunnerC.

BeforeyoubeginyourtrainingD.

Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileE.

Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthemF.

TimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingG.Nowyouarereadyoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime【答案】C【解析】从句式结构上看，逗号后是祈使句，没有连词，正确答案要么是带有连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有A、B、C、E四个选项符合，这样就缩小了选择范围；根据空前句中的preparation(准备)，和常识可知是“训练前”，故选C项。四、注意词语复现作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现；以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现(adult是teacher,parent的上义词，而teacher,parent就是adult的下义词)。例如：

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Ifyou'vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere'sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha"victimmentality".A.LearntoreallytrustyourselfB.ItisputtingconfidenceinsomeoneC.StopregardingyourselfasthevictimD.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbeartoletithappenagain..F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn'tmeanyou'reignoringwhathappened.【答案】C【解析】要求选段落主题句。空后句三次出现victim一词，七个选项中只有选项C中有victim，原词复现。将选项C"不要把自己当作受害者，代入空格处，与下文衔接紧密，故选C项。本段结构：总（总领）一分（细说）。五、不可忽视的代词我们知道，七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。例如：Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou'recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it'stimetogetdowntobusiness.

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Evenifyoucan'tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriends'feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.G.Thenfindawaytocalmdown.【答案】E【解析】本段主题句是“Trytosolvetheproblem”，空后句又有solveit，其中it指什么？当然是theproblem，因此，前句中一定会出现problem一词，七个选项中只有E项符合。答题技巧一、根据逻辑关系判断英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡等逻辑关系，这些关联词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。（a）并列与递进关系：and，or，also，neither......

nor，either......or，......istosay，aswellas，besides等；（b）因果关系：because，for，since，as，thus，hence，therefore，so，so......that，asaresult等；（c）转折让步关系：but，however，yet，ratherthan，insteadof，despite，inspiteof等；（d）时间关系：atlast，finally，first，firstly，next，second，secondly等。例如：Practicesafewearandcareofcontactlenses（隐形眼镜）.ManyAmericansusecontactlensestoimprovetheireyesight.Whilesomefollowthemedicalguidanceforwearingcontactlenses,manyarebreakingtherulesandputtingtheireyesightatrisk._________Otherwise,youmayhaveproblemssuchasredeyes,painintheeyes,oramoreseriouscondition.A.EatyourgreensB.EyecareshouldbeginearlyinlifeC.TheycanproperlyprotectyoureyesD.StayingoodshapebytakingmorevitaminsE.Parentsusuallydon'tcareabouttheirowneyesightF.Alwaysfollowthedoctor'sadviceforappropriatewearG.Thisfrequenteyeactivityincreasestheriskforeyetiredness【答案】C【解析】本段讲的是正确配戴隐形眼镜的问题。要听从医生建议，恰当配戴，否则，也许会有红眼病，眼疼或者更加严重的眼部疾病，根据后文关联词otherwise，表示“否则，不然”可知前面是应该要做的事或者做了之后会出现的好的结果。故C正确。二、从词汇线索上判断做题时注意线索词，最主要的线索词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时应注意在选项中查找相关同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。例如：Frommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon'tcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.

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.MoneyisatopicI'llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.

Makethreeorfourinstead.D.

Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.

【答案】B【解析】空前主题句中提到ability,money,time三个主要原因，空后提到了money与time,所以这里应是谈ability,故选B项。三、从试题位置上判断如果问题在段首通常考察段落主题句。应着重阅读空白后第一二句，并锁定线索词，选出正确答案。如果是段落过渡句，要瞻前顾后，结合上下文语境，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，选出正确答案。例如：

Accordingtosomepsychologists,ifparentsarealwaystellingachildthatheorsheisafooloranidiot,thenthechildismorelikelytokeepdoingsillyandfoolishthings.Soitisprobablybetterforparentstosayverypositivethingstotheirchildren.A.Ahealthybodycontributestoone'sintelligence.B.Parentsshouldalsobecarefulaboutwhattheysaytoyoungchildren.C.Whatpeoplewanttoexpressislikethis.D.Thechildrenarethenmorelikelytogrowupbrightandintelligent.E.Itneedsexercise.F.Youaresuchasmartchild.G.Theseareveryoldquestionsandtheanswerstothemarestillnotclear.【答案】B【解析】问题在段首，阅读空后内容可知“根据一些心理学家的观点，如果父母总是说孩子傻，那么孩子就有可能做傻事，因此父母应该多说一些积极的话，根据“挖空位置在段首，通常是段落主题句”的原则，可以推出挖空内容一定与父母对孩子所说的话相关，很容易推断出B是主题句。如果问题在段尾（a）空白前的一句或两句是重点所在，并且通常是选表结论、概括的语句。所以注意在选项中查找表示结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore，asaresult，thus，inshort，inaword等词语.（b）与前文是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词；与前文是并列或排比关系，在这种情况下，通常是要求补全本段主题的其他细节.例如：Thereisnodoubtthatanalyzingtheexactdataisimportanttoassessmentofanactualevent.Butdatashouldbedealtwithwisely.Weoftengetwrongdatawhichmisleadus.Remember,datahavenofeelingbutwehumanshave.Datadonotmeanmuchtopeopleifwedonothavetheabilitiestoanalyzethedatawiththeknowledgeandconfidencetojudgewhethertheyaretrueorfalse.

.A.Weshouldtryourbesttobewisethinkers.B.Datacanmakeourlifeeasierandmorefortable.C.Butsometimeswemayfindthatdataaren'teverything.D.Sometimesourheartsandmindaremoresensitivethandata.E.Nowandthenthesocalledspecificdatapuzzleusverymuch.F.Theexactdatashouldefromassessmentofanactualevent.G.Therearemanythingsinourlifewhichcannotbemeasuredbydata.【答案】A【解析】从空白前面的句子可知，如果我们没有能力去判断对错，数据对我们什么都不是。问题在段尾，可总结出选A“我们要做聪明的思考者”。如果问题在段中如果问题在段中，则其所填写句子的含义应与前、后句保持一致。因此，在做题时要学会瞻前顾后，关注体现前后句逻辑关系的关联词。例如：Thereareanumberofthingsyoucandotobeatyourfears.Oneimportantapproachistobeeanexpertinyourproblem.Therearecountlessbooksandwebsitesprovidinguptodatetheoriesandexplanationsaboutfears.

Ifyoubeeanexpertinyourfear,youwillbeabletomakegooddecisionsaboutthebesttreatmenttoovereit.A.Youcanalsogotolecturesandworkshops.B.Makingsomesimplechangestoyourdietcanmakeyoulookgood.【答案】A【解析】本例句挖空于段中，根据“上下求索，瞻前顾后"的原则，答题时要关注体现前后句关系的关联词。空格前句子内容为克服恐惧的方法；阅读选项后，可锁定含有also的A项，其内容也是进一步克服恐慎的方法。【考点剖析】考点一：段首题例1．___14___Peoplewhoarelonelytendtofallintodestructivementalhabits.Theytrytoavoidthepainofnotbeingunderstoodandbeingdisconnectedbynotgivingpeopleanopportunitytounderstandandconnectwiththem.Sothesolutionistoshareyourthoughtsandfeelingswithothersandtodosoopenlyandfearlessly.A.Whateverthereasonis,B.Whenyoufeelreallylonely,C.Ifyouwanttomakefriendswiththem,D.Whetherit’scoincollectingorvideogames,E.Youshouldbeopenaboutyourthoughts,ideasanddesires.F.Endinglonelinessissomethingthatyoucanandshouldpursueactively.G.However,moreandmoreofusfindourselveshavingtostandloneliness.【答案】14.E【解析】根据本段最后一句Sothesolutionistoshareyourthoughtsandfeelingswithothersandtodosoopenlyandfearlessly.所以解决的办法就是和别人分享你的想法和感受，而且要公开地、无所畏惧地分享。可知，此处作为本段主旨句应该选与保持对自己的想法、主意和愿望开放的心态，故选E项。◆Installyoursecuritysystemintherightspot___12___，buttheyalsomakeiteasyforburglarstoseeinsideyourhome.Installyoursecuritykeypadinaspotthatisnotvisiblefromthedoorstepsonoonecanseeifyouralarmisset.A.LetyourneighborsbeyoureyesB.LowerthevolumeofyourtelephonefingerC.BesuretodoublecheckthatlockafterthisseeminglyinnocentpersonleavesD.Asimplesolutioniskeepingimportantdocumentsandobjectsinyourchild’sroomE.DecorativeglassorlargewindowsmaybeimportantforyourfrontentrancefengshuiF.Ifyoususpectthatsomeoneistryingtobreakintoyourhome，pressthe“Panic”buttonG.Insomecities，burglaryratesforthesystemaremuchlowerthanthoseofnonParticipants【答案】12.E【解析】由“buttheyalsomakeiteasyforburglarstoseeinsideyourhome”可知，但它们也让窃贼很容易看到你家里面的情况。由连词but可知，小题2要与后句话形成转折关系。故E选项“装饰性玻璃或大窗户可能对你的前门风水很重要”符合句意。故E选项正确。考点二：段中题例2．Manypeoplewouldliketoreturntoschooltoincreaseearningpotential,realizedreams,orfinishsomethingtheystartedlongago.However,somehavefamiliesandjobs,andgettingtodaycourses—orevennightschool—canbeanimpossiblething.___11___ThankstotheInternetandotherformsofquickmunication,e­learningforstudentshasbeethebusyperson’spreferredmethodforachievingeducationalgoals.___12___Belowaresomeexamples.Ifyoualreadyhaveayearortwoofyourdegreebehindyou,e­learningcanhelpyoupleteyourrequirements.Education­mindedemployersoftengiveemployeesincentives(激励)topletetheirdegreesonline.Ifyouareastay­at­homemomordadandlookingtoreturntotheschoolthenyouareabestcandidatefore­learning.___13___Aslongasyoucanmeetdeadlinesandperformhigh­qualitywork,youcanachievethehighesteducationalgoals.A.Whatapitythattheyarekeptaway!B.Nowtheyhaveanewchoice—e­learning.C.Butitshigh­qualityeducationcanbeenjoyedworldwidenow.D.TheInternetprovidesyouanewformoflearningtorealizedreams.E.Inreality,almostanyonecanbenefitfromtheflexibilityofe­learning.F.Manye­coursesallowyoutousethelearningsystemwheneveryoucan.G.Manypeoplehavemotivationsforfurthereducationpasttheundergraduatedegree.【答案】11.B12.E13.F【解析】11.根据上文“However,somehavefamiliesandjobs,andgettingtodaycourses—orevennightschool—canbeanimpossiblething.(然而，有些人有了家庭和工作，要在白天上课甚至夜校——是不可能的事)”以及后文“ThankstotheInternetandotherformsofquickmunication,e­learningforstudentshasbeethebusyperson’spreferredmethodforachievingeducationalgoals.(由于互联网和其他形式的快速交流，网上学习对学生已经成为忙碌的人实现教育目标的首选方法)”可知，本句属于过渡句，上文提到了有些人在白天上课甚至是夜校是不可能的事情，后文则提到了网上学习是新的首选方法，说明本句旨在引出下文，提出网上学习这个方式。故B选项“现在他们有了一个新的选择——网上学习”符合语境，故选B。12.根据上文“ThankstotheInternetandotherformsofquickmunication,e­learningforstudentshasbeethebusyperson’spreferredmethodforachievingeducationalgoals.(由于互联网和其他形式的快速交流，网上学习对学生已经成为忙碌的人实现教育目标的首选方法)”以及后文“Belowaresomeexamples.(下面是一些例子)”可知，上文提到了网上学习成了忙碌人群的首选方法，后文则给出了网上学习益处的例子，故本句是在说明人们可以从网上学习中获益。故E选项“实际上，几乎任何人都可以从网上学习的灵活性中获益”符合语境，故选E。13.根据上文“Ifyouareastay­at­homemomordadandlookingtoreturntotheschoolthenyouareabestcandidatefore­learning.(如果你是一个在家全职妈妈或爸爸，并希望重返学校，那么你是一个网上学习最佳的候选人)”以及后文“Aslongasyoucanmeetdeadlinesandperformhigh­qualitywork,youcanachievethehighesteducationalgoals.(只要你能在最后期限前完成高质量的工作，你就能实现最高教育目标)”可知，上文提到了在家全职妈妈或爸爸是网上学习的最佳候选人，可推知本句应当是在说明网上学生适合他们的原因。故F选项“许多网上课程允许你随时使用学习系统”符合语境，故选F。◆StorevaluablescarefullyThievesalreadyknowyou’restoringvaluables，soupgradeyoursecrethidingplacestoonesthatarehardertodetect.___11___.Thievesoftensearchdrawersinthemasterbedroombuttendtoleavekids’roomsuntouched.Justmakesureit'saplaceyourchildcan’teasilyaccess，1ikeonahighclosetshelf.A.LetyourneighborsbeyoureyesB.LowerthevolumeofyourtelephonefingerC.BesuretodoublecheckthatlockafterthisseeminglyinnocentpersonleavesD.Asimplesolutioniskeepingimportantdocumentsandobjectsinyourchild’sroomE.DecorativeglassorlargewindowsmaybeimportantforyourfrontentrancefengshuiF.Ifyoususpectthatsomeoneistryingtobreakintoyourhome，pressthe“Panic”buttonG.Insomecities，burglaryratesforthesystemaremuchlowerthanthoseofnonParticipants【答案】11.D【解析】由“Thievesalreadyknowyou’restoringvaluables，soupgradeyoursecrethidingplacestoonesthatarehardertodetect.Thievesoftensearchdrawersinthemasterbedroombuttendtoleavekids’roomsuntouched.Justmakesureit'saplaceyourchildcan’teasilyaccess，1ikeonahighclosetshelf.”可知，小偷已经知道你存放了贵重物品，所以贵重物品的秘密藏身处升级到更难被发现的地方。小偷经常搜查主卧室的抽屉，但往往不去碰孩子们的房间。但要确保贵重东西要放在孩子不容易接近的地方，像放在一个高高的衣橱架子上。所以小题1在句中要起到承上启下的作用。故D选项“一个简单的解决办法是把重要的文件和物品放在你孩子的房间里”符合句意。故D选项正确。考点三：段尾题例3．Youshouldbedeterminedtoactivelyendyourloneliness.Weoftenenduppassivelywaitingforsomeoneelsetomakeusfeellesslonely.Youmayfeelthatyourlonelinessindicatesthatnobodyiswillingtoconnectwithyou.Andthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit.Butthatisfarfromthetruth.____12____A.Whateverthereasonis,B.Whenyoufeelreallylonely,C.Ifyouwanttomakefriendswiththem,D.Whetherit’scoincollectingorvideogames,E.Youshouldbeopenaboutyourthoughts,ideasanddesires.F.Endinglonelinessissomethingthatyoucanandshouldpursueactively.G.However,moreandmoreofusfindourselveshavingtostandloneliness.【答案】12.F【解析】根据本段第一句Youshouldbedeterminedtoactivelyendyourloneliness.你应该下定决心主动去结束你的孤独。可知，此处应选与主动结束孤独有关的选项，故选F项。◆PayattentiontobathroomwindowsBurglarsareoftenpeopleyou’veseenbefore，likeaservicemanworkingonyourhouse.Ifayardworkerorunknownvisitorusesthebathroom，hemayopenthewindowsohecangainentrylater.___14___.A.LetyourneighborsbeyoureyesB.LowerthevolumeofyourtelephonefingerC.BesuretodoublecheckthatlockafterthisseeminglyinnocentpersonleavesD.Asimplesolutioniskeepingimportantdocumentsandobjectsinyourchild’sroomE.DecorativeglassorlargewindowsmaybeimportantforyourfrontentrancefengshuiF.Ifyoususpectthatsomeoneistryingtobreakintoyourhome，pressthe“Panic”buttonG.Insomecities，burglaryratesforthesystemaremuchlowerthanthoseofnonParticipants【答案】14.C【解析】由“Burglarsareoftenpeopleyou’veseenbefore，likeaservicemanworkingonyourhouse.Ifayardworkerorunknownvisitorusesthebathroom，hemayopenthewindowsohecangainentrylater”可知，窃贼通常是你以前见过的人，就像一个在你家里工作的服务人员。如果一个院子里的工人或不知名的访客使用浴室，他可能会打开窗户，以便稍后进入。所以面对可能窗户被打开的情况，小题4要告诫读者如果出现了这样的情况该怎么办。故C选项“在这个看似没有问题的人离开后，一定要再次仔细检查窗户锁”。故C选项正确。【真题演练】20202021江苏省常州市武进区奔牛高级中学高二上学期10月月考英语试卷根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GetaHealthyHomeMostofushavespentmoretimeathomein2020thanweeverimaginedpossible.____1_____Thesetipscanhelpmakeyourhomebetterforyourbodyandmind.Takeoffyourshoesatyourdoor.Thinkaboutkeepingyourhomecleantheminuteyouwalkin.AUniversityofArizonastudyfoundthattheaverageshoecontainsnearly421000differentbacteria(细菌),includingEscherichiacoilandstrep.Pesticides(杀虫剂)andcleaningchemicalscanalsoeintoyourhomeviayourshoes.____2_____Freshenthewalls.Ifthewallsinyourhomefeelasifthey'reclosingin,maybeit'stimetofindanewcoatofpaint.____3_____ResearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatblueboostscreativity,whileredincreasesattentiontodetail.____4_____Inasmallstudy,volunteersworkedfromnoonto8p.m.inaroomlitprimarilybydaylightoronelitprimarilybyartificiallight.Bytheendofthesecondday,thosewhohadworkedinthesunlitroomwerelesssleepyandperformedbetteronperformancetestsconnectedwithmentalprocess.Cleantheairinyourhome.____5_____TheDepartmentofEnergyrequiresthatitcanremove99.97percentofpollutantsandparticlesintheair.Portablehighefficiencyparticulateairfilters(过滤器)callcleanasingleroomortheentirehouse.A.Worknearawindow.B.Studyintheartificiallight.C.Studieshaveshownthatcolorcaninfluenceyourmood.D.Maybeyouhaverealizedtheimportanceofahealthyhome.E.Leaveapairofshoesyouwearinthehousebythefrontdoor.F.Ahighefficiencyparticulateair(HEPA)filtercancostmuch·G.Thegoldstandardisahighefficiencyparticulateair(HEPA)filter.【答案】DECAG【解析】1.根据上文Mostofushavespentmoretimeathomein2020thanweeverimaginedpossible.可知，到2020年，我们大多数人待在家里的时间比我们想象的要多。故此空应该强调家的重要性。D项意为“也许你已经意识到一个健康家庭的重要性”。承接上文，符合语境。故正确答案为D。2.根据上文Pesticides(杀虫剂)andcleaningchemicalscanalsoeintoyourhomeviayourshoes.可知，杀虫剂和清洁剂也可以通过你的鞋子进入你家。故此空应该与鞋的做法有关。E项意为“把一双你穿的鞋子放在房子的前门”。承接上文，符合语境。故正确答案为E。3.根据下文ResearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatblueboostscreativity,whileredincreasesattentiontodetail.可知，英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，蓝色激发创造力，而红色增加对细节的关注。故此空应该与家的颜色有关。C项意为“研究表明，颜色会影响你的情绪”，引出下文，符合语境。故正确答案为C。4.根据本空后两句Inasmallstudy,volunteersworkedfromnoonto8p.m.inaroomlitprimarilybydaylightoronelitprimarilybyartificiallight.Bytheendofthesecondday,thosewhohadworkedinthesunlitroomwerelesssleepyandperformedbetteronperformancetestsconnectedwithmentalprocess.可知，在一项小型研究中，志愿者们在一间主要靠日光照明的房间或一间主要靠人造光照明的房间从中午工作到晚上8点。到第二天结束时，那些在阳光充足的房间里工作的人不再那么困倦了，而且在与心理过程有关的测试中表现得更好。故此空应该与靠近日光照明有关。A项意为“在靠近窗户的地方工作”，引出下文，符合语境。故正确答案为A。5.根据本空后两句TheDepartmentofEnergyrequiresthatitcanremove99.97percentofpollutantsandparticlesintheair.Portablehighefficiencyparticulateairfilters(过滤器）cancleanasingleroomortheentirehouse.可知，能源部要求它能去除空气中99.97%的污染物和颗粒。便携式高效微粒空气过滤器可以清洁一个房间或整个房子。故此空应该与便携式高效微粒空气过滤器有关。G项意为“标准是高效微粒空气（HEPA）过滤器”，引出下文，符合语境。故正确答案为G。20202021学年江苏省常州市省常中高二上学期开学调研试卷Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.___1___Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking”.___2___Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.___3___Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.___4___Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.___5___It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!”Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】GACBD【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了成为一个好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。1.G承接句。上句提到Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。空格处G项:However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。themajorityofpeople承接上文Someindividuals，traintobe承接上文arebornwithagift。2.A过渡句。上句提到Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking”.很多时候，当你站起来发表演讲时，你关注的是“公众”，而不是“演讲”。以及下句Focusonthespeaking.专注于演讲。空格处A项Dotheopposite.反其道而行之。3.C承接句。上句提到So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。空格处C项:Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接。4.B承接句。上句提到Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。空格处B项Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.你想成为一个有影响力的演说家。与上句衔接，说明我们演讲的真正目的。5.D主题句。下文提到Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.你的演讲总是比预期的要短一点。最好让你的听众意犹未尽，而不是坐立不安地在座位上等待你的演讲结束。空格处D项:Whenitestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.谈到公开演讲，少则多。符合该段的主题。20202021学年江苏省常州市天宁区田家炳中学高二上学期10月月考英语试卷Peoplehavealwayshadtofindwaystokeepfoodsafetoeat.Methodstodry,smokeandsaltfoodwereinventedthousandsofyearsago.(1)___________Thisstoragemethodkeepsfoodsafetoeatforlongperiodsoftime.Today,canningisoneofthemostpopularmethodsofstoringfood.Cleanfruitsorvegetablesareplacedinglassbottles.Thefoodcanbeputintothebottleseitherhotorcold.Thecoldmethodisusedforsoftfruitsandvegetablesthatcouldlosetheirshapeortaste.(2)___________Theytakeuplessspaceinthebottles.Afterthefoodhasbeenplacedinglassbottles,boilingwaterispouredintothebottlestoaboutthreecentimetersbelowthetop.(3)____________Thebottlesareplacedinalargecontainerfilledwithwarmwaterthatisthenbroughttoaboil.Thewatermustpletelycoverthebottles,fromthreetofivecentimetersoverthetop.Whenthewaterboils,anyairinthebottleswillbeexpelled.Theboilingcontinuesforseveralminutes.Thenthebottlesareallowedtocool.Finally,theyareplacedbrieflyintocoldwater.(4)______________Inotherwords,avacuum(真空）iscreated.Whenthebottlesarepletelycool,notescanbeplacedonthemtoidentifywhatisinside.Thebottlescanthenbestoredinacool,darkplaceatatemperatureofbetween4°Cand21°C.(5)_____________Itisalsoagoodwaytostorefoodforsixmonthstoayear,orevenseveralyears,incaseofanemergency.Itdoesnotcostmuchtocontinuecanningeveryyearoncetheequipmenthasbeenpurchased.Theprocessofcanningismuchmorerecent.Thismakesastrongbarriertokeeptheairout.Onepopularmethodofcanningusesawaterbath.Firmerfruitsandmostvegetablesareusuallycooked.Canningusesheattokillbacteriathatcausepoisonstoforminfood.Thencoversareplacedonthebottles,buttheyarenotturnedalltheway.Canningallowsyourfamilytoenjoyfoodsthatmightnotefreshthroughouttheyear.【答案】ADFBG【解析】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了如何制作罐头来延长食品的保质期。空格前一句Methodstodry,smokeandsaltfoodwereinventedthousandsofyearsago.(干燥、烟熏和加盐的方法是几千年前发明的保存食物的方法）讲到了传统保存食物的方法。空格后Today,canningisoneofthemostpopularmethodsofstoringfood.(今天，罐头是最流行的储存食物的方法之一）讲到了现代的事物保存方法。由此我们可以推断出，横线处应该是讲从传统的方法到现在的保存法。那么A项Theprocessofcanningismuchmorerecent.(装罐的过程是最近才开始的）很好地起到了过渡的作用。故此题选A。本段讲到了食物储存会放入两种罐子中。空格前一处讲到Thecoldmethodisusedforsoftfruitsandvegetablesthatcouldlosetheirshapeortaste.(冷法是用来处理软的水果和蔬菜，它们可能会失去形状或味道）那么空格后应该将用热法来储存质地较硬的事物。那么D项Firmerfruitsandmostvegetablesareusuallycooked.(较硬的水果和大名数法节通堂是煮熟的）满足这一意义。故选D。前文说到Afterthefoodhasbeenplacedinglassbottles,boilingwaterispouredintothebottlestoaboutthreecentimetersbelowthetop.（把食物放进玻璃瓶后，把开水倒进瓶子里，大约在瓶口以下三厘米处）可知这一句话是在讲如何制作罐头。空格后讲到这些瓶子被放在一个装满温水的大容器里。所以我们推断出横线处还是在讲装食物的瓶子的具体情况。所以F项Thencoversareplacedonthebottles,buttheyarenotturnedalltheway.（然后在瓶子上盖上盖子，但它们不会一直转动）具体讲瓶子里装好水后的下一步，就是盖上盖子，满足此处过渡。故选F。通过下一句Inotherwords,avacuum(真空）iscreated.（换句话说真空就形成了）我们可以得知，上一句是在讲如何创造真空。那么B项B.Thismakesastrongbarriertokeeptheairout.（这就形成了一个强大的屏障来阻止空气）满足制造真空的条件。故选B。横线下一句Itisalsoagoodwaytostorefoodforsixmonthstoayear,orevenseveralyears,incaseofanemergency.（这也是一个很好的方法，以储存粮食半年至一年，甚至数年，以防紧急情况）可知，横线前一句应该是在讲罐头事物的保存时间，那么G项Canningallowsyourfamilytoenjoyfoodsthatmightnotefreshthroughouttheyear.（罐头可以让你的家人享受可能一年都不新鲜的食物）就是在讲罐头事物的保质期。故选G。20202021学年江苏省常州市武进区奔牛高中高二上学期期中模拟测试英语试卷从短文后的选项中选出能填入出的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwe’reyoungchildren,manyofusseemtohavelittletroublemakingnewfriends.（1）________.Asadults,wetendtobeemoreguardedwithnewpeopleandhavelesstimetodevotetofriendships.Consequently,mostofusfinditmuchhardertomakenewfriends.Ifyou’veneverexperiencedaclosefriendship,evenasachild,youmayfinditevenharder.Butweallneedandwantgoodfriends,eventhoseofuswhomaysometimespretendotherwise.Theneedforfriendsisinstinctual(本能的).Oursurvivalusedtodependonhavingfriendstohuntandfindfoodwith,tohelpusbuildshelterandkeepourfamiliessafe.（2）________Theyaddmeaningtolife.Theyhelpyouenjoythegoodtimesandoverethedifficultones.Whilestrongrelationshipswithfriendscanbeahugesourceoffunandpleasure,theyarealsoimportantforyourphysicalandemotionalhealth.Goodfriendscan：●（3）________Evenifit’sjusthavingsomeonetoshareyourproblemswith,friendscanhelpyoucopewithseriousillness,thelossofajoborlovedone,thebreak­upofarelationship,oranyotherchallengeinlife.●Helpyoutoreachyourgoals.Whetheryou’retryingtogetfit,giveupsmoking,orotherwiseimproveyourlife,encouragementfromafriendcanreallyboostyourwillpower.（4）________●Improveyourmood.Happinesscanbeinfectious.（5）________●Reducestressanddepression.Havinganactivesociallifecanbenefityourimmunesystemandhelpreduceisolation,amajorfactorfordepression.A．Friendshipstaketimetoformandevenmoretimetodeepen.B．Providesupportwhenyou'regoingthroughtoughtimes.C．Butasweage,friendshipsgrowanddevelopdifferently.D．Spendingtimewithpositivefriendscanbehappy.E.Yettheyarelessimportantnowadays.F.Italsoincreasesyourchancesofsuccess.G.Today，goodfriendsarejustasimportant.【答案】CGBFD【解析】1．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到了小时候的友谊，后句则提到了成人后的友谊，而C选项内容Butasweage,friendshipsgrowanddevelopdifferently.“但随着年龄的增长，友谊会以不同的方式成长和发展”符合语境。起到承接作用，故选C。2．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到过去，我们的生存依赖于有朋友一起打猎和寻找食物，帮助我们建造庇护所，保证家人的安全，后句说它们给生活增添了意义，说明现在朋友也重要，而G选项Today，goodfriendsarejustasimportant.“今天，朋友同样重要”。符合语境，故选G。3．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文内容可知朋友在困难时候能提供帮助，所以本段主要关于在你经历困难的时候他们提供帮助。而B选项Providesupportwhenyou'regoingthroughtoughtimes.“在你经历困难的时候他们会提供帮助”。符合语境，故选B。4．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据小标题帮助你实现你的目标，可知此段将朋友的益处，而F选项Italsoincreasesyourchancesofsu