高二上学期期中考试英语试题

第一学期期中考试高二年级英语科试题试题说明：本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。请注意：1.选择题的答案须填涂到答题卡上，非选择题的答案须转移到答卷上;2.选择题须按照题号顺序填涂答题卡。第一部分听力(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)第一节听下面3段对话。每段对话后一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1WhatisCathy’sfavoritesubjectnow?A.English.B.Chemistry.C.Math.2.Whatwillthemanprobablydothisweekend?A.Watchthegame.B.Seethedoctor.C.Playthegame.3.Atwhattimewilltheflightarrive?A.2:00pm.B.2:30pm.C.3:30pm.第二节听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第4段材料，回答第4至5题。4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Talkingoverthephone.B.Eatinginarestaurant.C.Playingonthebeach.5.WhydoesthewomanwanttogotoMexicoCity?A.Toenjoytheweather.B.ToeatMexicanfood.C.Tovisitherrelatives.听第5段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhatwasJennydoingthisMorning?A.Repairingherhouse.B.Sellingsomeofherbooks.C.Movingintoanewneighborhood.7.WhatdidJackadviseJennytodo?A.Callherfriendsforhelp.B.Findroomforherfurniture.C.Putanadvertisementonline.听第6段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisspecialaboutNewYorkHallofScience?A.ItisNewYork’sonlyhandsonsci.&tech.center.B.Itprovidesfreesciencefictionmovies.C.Ithasscienceclassesforallages.9.WhocanvisittheMuseumoftheMovingImageforfree?A.Adults.B.Teenagers.C.Twoyearoldkids.10.WhatdoestheChildren’sMuseumofManhattanallowchildrentodo?A.Createtheirownmusic.B.Watchcartoonsforfree.C.Learntopaint.听取信息：听第7段材料，回答第11至15题。BasicfactsaboutrabbitsLivingplacesOnall11exceptAntarctica(南极洲).12Wildrabbitsweighupto23poundsandreach16inchesinlength.Petrabbitscanbelargerandheavier.FoodFeedingonleafy13andbarkFurHavingover14differenttypesofcoatcolorsTeethRabbits’15teethgrowconstantlythroughoutlife.Rabbitshave28teethintotal.第二部分阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAteamofglobalbodylanguageexpertshaseupwiththislistofthebestbodylanguagecourses.1.BodyLanguageForBusinessmenThiscourseisparticularlyusefultobusinessmen.Itwillteachyouhowtousebodylanguagetoincreaseyoursuccess,influence,andine.Bytheendofthecourse,youwillunderstandtheroleofbodylanguageinbusinesssuccessandgetaCertificateofpletionafterpletingthecourse.2.BodyLanguageCourseThisbeginnerlevelcourseisusefultoanyoneeagertolearnhowtousebodylanguagetomunicateeffectively.Thecoursediscussestopicslikethesignificanceofmunicationandtipsofimprovingbodylanguage.Thecourseisdeliveredbyawardwinninginstructors.3.DigitalBodyLanguageThiscourseteacheshowtoimproveyourdigitalpersonalbrand.Itdiscussesavarietyoftopicslikepowerofface,personalityandconfidence,drawingattention,andwebpageessentials.Bytheendofthecourse,youwillperfectonlinepresence,masterbodylanguageonlineandlevelupyourdigitalbrand.4.HowToMakeAGreatFirstImpressionThiscoursewillmakeyourealizehoweyecontact,asmileandhandshakecanincreaseyourchancesofimprovingthefirstimpressionyoumakeontheotherperson,whichisquiteusefulforanyonestartinganewjob.Bytheendofthecourseyouwillpickuptheskillsandconfidenceyouneedtomakeagoodfirstimpression.1.Whichofthefollowingcoursesmaybestsuitaseniormanager?A.DigitalBodyLanguageB.BodyLanguageCourseC.BodyLanguageForBusinessmenD.HowToMakeAGreatFirstImpression2.WhatcanyoulearnifyoutakeDigitalBodyLanguage?A.Howtochangeyourcharacters.B.Howtoprotectyourselfonline.C.Howtobuildupasuccessfulpany.D.Howtoimprovepersonalinfluenceonline.3.WhoismorelikelytoattendHowToMakeAGreatFirstImpression?AAnewsreporter. B.Ajobseeker.C.Alabresearcher. D.Aninterviewer.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是一个由一支全球肢体语言专家团队列出的最佳肢体语言课程清单，针对四种不同需求的人而开出不同的课程。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Thiscourseisparticularlyusefultobusinessmen.”（本课程对商人特别有用）可知，该课程也适合高级经理（商人），符合题干要求。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段末句“Bytheendofthecourse,youwillperfectonlinepresence…”（课程学完后，你将提升完美你的网上形象表现……）可知，D项内容（如何提高你的个人网上影响力）与原文中的“perfectonlinepresence”意思一致。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“…whichisquiteusefulforanyonestartinganewjob.”(对那些想开始一份新的工作的人相当有用)可知，B项中的ajobseeker(一个求职找工作的人)与该句意思一致。故选B项。【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，整体浏览，掌握文章中心及每段大意。其次，细读题干，带着问题再去确定与哪段内容相关，寻找答案。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意在相关段落里查找有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。特别注意选项中的词汇往往与原文中的关键词是同义词，如第3题：原文中是“anyonestartinganewjob”，答案B选项中的是“ajobseeker”。BAfteruniversityin2011,Samuelwenttoaruralprimaryschoolfornativechildren,where,onhisfirstday,anotherteachertoldhim,"Samuel,youdon'thavetodomuch,they'rejustOrangAslinativechildren."ThiswaswhatSamuelwouldspendyearsfightingagainst.TheOrangAslimunityhasstruggledwithpoverty,meltingintosociety,andlosingtheirownidentityandcultureduetoothers'disregardofit.Themainbarrierinteachingthesechildrenwasthatmanyoftheteachersthoughtthatthenativechildrenwerenotworththeirefforts.Itwasthoughtthatwhateverwastaughtwouldmakenodifference,sonobodybotheredtotry.Thechildrenthemselvesendedupbelievingthesestigmas(污名),oftendoubtingwhattheycanachieve.Teachersskippedorsleptinclasses,andlittleeffortwasmadetocreateanappropriatelearningenvironment.Consequently,theschoolwasoneoftheworstperforminginthedistrict.Samuelcaredabouthisnativestudentsandacceptedtheirculture,leadinghimtoseetheirpotential.However,healsocametoseethattheydidnothaveequalopportunitiesparedtourbanschools,duetothelackoffacilities.Sohesetupacrowdfundingprojecttocreateafullyequipped21stcenturyEnglishclassroomwithtabletsandputers.TheOrangAslichildrennowlearntechnology,experienceEnglishandmunicateinEnglishwithvolunteersalloverMalaysiaandoverseas.Consequently,thestudentshaveimprovedinnationalstandardizedexaminations,fromapassrateof30%inEnglish(20082012)toanaverageof80%(20132017).Theseeffortshaveresultedinashiftofwhatlocalchildrenareconsideredcapableofacademically.4.Whatdidtheteacher'swordssuggestaboutthenativechildren?A.Theywereintelligent. B.Theywerehopeless.C.Theywereunfriendly. D.Theywereindependent.5.WhatmajorproblemdidSamuelneedtosolve?A.Thepovertyoflocalpeople. B.Thelackoffacilitiesinhisschool.C.Theunfairtreatmentofthenativekids. D.Theunsuitableteachingmethods.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thechangeofnativestudents.B.TheimportanceoflearningEnglish.C.Theimprovementofnativeeducation.D.Samuel'sworkforthenativekids.7.WhatcanwelearnfromSamuel'sstory?A.Respectmakesabigdifference.B.Theacademicperformanceesfirst.C.Everyonedeservesaccesstoeducation.D.Onemethodcan'tapplytoeachsituation.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Samuel尊重学生，提升了学生对自身文化的认同感、归属感，用自身的努力提升了学生的学习内驱力，创造了学业奇迹。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“youdon'thavetodomuch,they'rejustOrangAslinativechildren.（你不需要做太多，他们只是奥朗阿斯利族的孩子。）”和文章第二段“TheOrangAslimunityhasstruggledwithpoverty,meltingintosociety,andlosingtheirownidentityandcultureduetoothers'disregardofit.Themainbarrierinteachingthesechildrenwasthatmanyoftheteachersthoughtthatthenativechildrenwerenotworththeirefforts.（奥朗阿斯利社区一直在贫困中挣扎，融入社会，由于他人的忽视而失去自己的身份和文化。教这些孩子的主要障碍是，许多老师认为土著孩子不值得他们努力。）”可推知，本地学生被认为是没有希望的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Itwasthoughtthatwhateverwastaughtwouldmakenodifference,sonobodybotheredtotry…Consequently,theschoolwasoneoftheworstperforminginthedistrict.（人们认为无论教什么都不会有什么区别，所以没有人愿意尝试。孩子们最终相信了这些耻辱，常常怀疑自己能取得什么成就。教师在课堂上逃课或睡觉，几乎没有努力创造一个适当的学习环境。因此，这所学校是该地区表现最差的学校之一。）”可知，对于这些土著孩子的偏见是Samuel要解决的主要问题。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Samuelcaredabouthisnativestudentsandacceptedtheirculture,leadinghimtoseetheirpotential.…TheOrangAslichildrennowlearntechnology,experienceEnglishandmunicateinEnglishwithvolunteersalloverMalaysiaandoverseas.（塞缪尔关心他的本土学生，接受他们的文化，这让他看到了他们的潜力。然而，他也发现，与城市学校相比，由于缺乏设施，他们没有平等的机会。因此，他发起了一个众筹项目，用平板电脑和电脑打造一个装备齐全的21世纪英语教室。OrangAsli的孩子们现在学习科技，体验英语，用英语与马来西亚各地和海外的志愿者交流。）”可知，本段重点介绍Samuel为改善学生学习状态与学习环境所做的工作。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第一段老师看不起学生，到第二段中的关键词disregard（漠视不尊重），再到stigmas(污名)可知，这些孩子受到歧视，没有得到尊重，这也正是Samuel努力的方向。结合文章最后一段“Consequently,thestudentshaveimprovedinnationalstandardizedexaminations,fromapassrateof30%inEnglish(20082012)toanaverageof80%(20132017).Theseeffortshaveresultedinashiftofwhatlocalchildrenareconsideredcapableofacademically.（学生在全国标准化考试中的通过率从20082012年的30%提高到20132017年的平均80%。这些努力导致了当地孩子在学业上的能力的转变。）”可知，我们从文章中学到尊重能带来巨大的变化。故选A。CSavingthegiantpandafromextinctionisn'tjustgoodforthebearsit'sgoodforthebottomlinetoo,anewanalysisbyaninternationalteamofscientistshows.Theresults,publishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,highlighttheeconomicbenefitsthattheysaygohandinhandwithenvironmentalconservation.Inordertoprotectgiantpandas,thegovernmentmustprotecttheirforests,whichprovideahostofoftenunderappreciatedservicestothemunitiesthatliveinandaroundthem.Forexample,forestsallowforthegrowingofcropsandthegrazing(放牧）ofanimals,storecleanfreshwaterandsupplyfirewood,lumber(木材）andmanyusefulplants.Theymanagestormrunoffandhelppreventerosion(侵蚀）。ThepandasthemselvesalsoholdenormousculturalvaluethathasrisenrapidlyinrecentdecadesamongChineseresidents,thestudyalsopointsout."From1980to2010,theculturalvaluesofpandasandtheirreservesalmostdoubled,largelydrivenbytourismuse,rising500foldfrom1980to2010,"theysaid.Takingallofthesefactorsintoaccount,thescientistscalculatedatotaleconomicvalueofApproximately$2.6billionin2010inChina.Keepinmind,thecostsofpreservingpandahabitatatcurrentlevelsetoabout$255million.ThestudyauthorssaidthatincludingtheglobalculturalValueoftheanimalswouldincreasethetotaleconomicvalueto$6.9billionperyearorabout27timesthecostofhabitatpreservation.Theresearchersalsonotedthattheinvestmentinpandahabitathasimprovedthelivingconditionsoflocalresidents.TheypointedtodatafromtheChineseStatisticalYearbookshowingthattheannualineinSichuan,ShanxiandGansuprovinces,whichsitnexttopandareserves,rosebyanaverageof56%from2000to2010.Farmersincountieswithintheseprovincesthatwerenexttothepandareservessawtheirannualinesriseby64%,onaverage.Thefindingsprovideapromisingexampleofhowconservationeffortscanpayoff,andtheycouldbeappliedtomanyotherthreatenedandendangeredspecies,thestudyauthorssaid.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords"bottomline"referlointhefirstparagraph?A.Moralstandard. B.Economicprofits.C.Overalldevelopment. D.Environmentalconservation.9.Whichisoneoftheresultsofpreservingpandas?A.Lessfarmland. B.Moreforeigntrade.C.Moreforestfires. D.Betterfarmingconditions,10.InChina,abouthowmanytimesdoeconomicvaluesoutweighpreservingcost?A.26. B.10.C.4. D.3.11.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Protectingpandastakesgreatefforts.B.PandasareamajortourismattractioninChina.C.Conservationofpandasiseconomicallyrewarding.D.Pandasmakegreatcontributionstotheenvironment.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济效益也有好处。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Theresults,publishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,highlighttheeconomicbenefitsthattheysaygohandinhandwithenvironmentalconservation.”可知，发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益，因此此处是说拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济效益也有好处，由此可知，“bottomline”指的是“经济效益”，故B项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inordertoprotectgiantpandas,thegovernmentmustprotecttheirforests,whichprovideahostofoftenunderappreciatedservicestothemunitiesthatliveinandaroundthem.Forexample,forestsallowforthegrowingofcropsandthegrazing(放牧）ofanimals,”可知，为了保护大熊猫，政府必须保护熊猫生活的森林，这些森林为生活在它们周围的社区提供了许多经常被低估的服务，例如，森林可以种植农作物和放牧家畜，由此可知，保护大熊猫带来的其中一个结果是改善农耕条件，故D项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Keepinmind,thecostsofpreservingpandahabitatatcurrentlevelsetoabout$255million.

ThestudyauthorssaidthatincludingtheglobalculturalValueoftheanimalswouldincreasethetotaleconomicvalueto$6.9billionperyearorabout27timesthecostofhabitatpreservation.”可知，目前保护大熊猫栖息地的成本约为2.55亿美元，这项研究的作者说，包括大熊猫带来的全球文化价值在内，总经济价值将增加到每年69亿美元，约为栖息地保护成本的27倍，也就是说保护大熊猫带来的经济价值大约比保护成本多26倍，故A项正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Savingthegiantpandafromextinctionisn'tjustgoodforthebearsit'sgoodforthebottomlinetoo,anewanalysisbyaninternationalteamofscientistshows.”及第二段中的“highlighttheeconomicbenefitsthattheysaygohandinhandwithenvironmentalconservation.”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济效益也有好处，即：保护大熊猫在经济上是有益的，故C项正确。【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，对画线词上下文的理解是关键，因为其往往会对画线词的词义起到解释说明或暗示的作用，例如本篇第1题，根据第二段第一句“Theresults,publishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,highlighttheeconomicbenefitsthattheysaygohandinhandwithenvironmentalconservation.”可知，发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益，因此此处是说拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济效益也有好处，由此可知，“bottomline”指的是“经济效益”。DFormanyyears,schoolchildrenintheUShavetakenon“fieldtrips”toculturalinstitutionssuchasmuseumsofart.Educatorsarrangetheminthebeliefthatschoolsexistnotonlytoteacheconomicallyusefulskills,butalsotoproducecivilizedyoungpeoplewhoappreciatetheartandculture.Whilethereareparentswhowilltaketheirchildrentoculturalplacesintheirfreetime,thereareplentyofotherchildrenwhowillneverhavethiskindofopportunityunlessschoolsofferit.Soyoucouldsaythattakingschoolstudentsonfieldtripsisameansofgivingeveryoneequalaccesstotheirculturalheritage.However,theattitudetowardsfieldtripsinrecentyearsischanging,withthenumberoftoursorganizedforschoolgroupsfallingsignificantlyinmuseumsallaroundthecountry.Themostobviousreasonistheissueoffinance.Becausethereareincreasingdemandsontheirfunds,afterall,putersandsportsfacilitiesaren’tcheap,schoolsareforcedtomakeadifficultchoiceabouthowtospendthelimitedmoneytheyhave.Facedwiththisdilemma,fieldtripsareanobviousthingtocutsincetheyareseenbymanyasaluxury.Additionally,thenatureofthesefielddaysisalsochanging.Schoolsincreasinglyusetripstoamusementparksorsportingeventsasatreatforstudentsratherthananopportunityforculturallearning.Thisshiftcouldhaveabasisingenerationaldifferencesbetweenteachers’reasonsfororganizingdaysoutofschool.Arecentsurveyconductedamong500Arkansasteachersshowedthatolderteachersweresignificantlymorelikelytotaketheprimarypurposeofafieldtripasalearningexperiencethanyoungerteachers,whoviewitasfun.Someevidenceshowsthetrendoffewertripsmayhaveanegativeeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.AresearchledbyJayGreeneatArkansasUniversityfoundthatstudentswhoreceivedatourofanartmuseumgreatlyimprovedtheirknowledgeofartandtheabilitytothinkcriticallyaboutart.Theyalsodisplaystrongerhistoricalinterestandweremorelikelytovisitculturalplacesinthefuture.Theresearcherswarnthatifschoolscutfieldtripsorswitchtolesseducationaldestinations,valuableopportunitiestobroadenandenrichchildren’slearningexperiencesarelost.12.Whatistheinitialpurposeoffieldtripstoculturalinstitutions?A.Toleachstudentsusefulskillsineconomics.B.Tomakeeverystudentexposedtoartandculture.C.Toeducatestudentstopreserveculturalheritage.D.Toencourageparentstotaketheirchildrenthere.13.Whichfactormostprobablyleadstothetrendoffewerfieldtrips?A.Thedropinschoolfunds. B.Students’demandforfun.C.Thedilemmaofschoolfinance. D.Teachers’generationaldifferences.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Thisshift”inParagraph3referto?A.Theswitchfromoldgenerationstoyounggenerations.B.Theswitchfromsportingeventstoculturalexperiences.C.Thechangefromanopportunitytolearntoatreattoentertain.D.Thechangefromeducationaldestinationstoluxuriousattractions.15.WhatcanbeinferredaboutfieldtripsfromtheresearchbyJayGreene?A.Studentsarerewardedwithmoreculturalknowledge.B.Amusementparksenrichchildren’slearningexperiences.C.Cuttingfieldtripsiscriticaltothefutureofthemuseum.D.Fieldtripsguaranteebetterfutureacademicperformance.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美国的学生被带到艺术博物馆等文化机构进行“实地考察”给学生带来的好处及这些活动减少的原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Soyoucouldsaythattakingschoolstudentsonfieldtripsisameansofgivingeveryoneequalaccesstotheirculturalheritage.(所以你可以说，带学生实地考察是一种让每个人都能平等获得文化遗产的手段)”可知，学校设置实地考察的最初目的就是为了让每个人都能平等地获得文化遗产。即让每一个学生都能接触到文化艺术。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Themostobviousreasonistheissueoffinance.Becausethereareincreasingdemandsontheirfunds,afterall,putersandsportsfacilitiesaren’tcheap,schoolsareforcedtomakeadifficultchoiceabouthowtospendthelimitedmoneytheyhave.(最明显的原因是金融问题。因为对他们的资金的需求越来越大，毕竟，电脑和体育设施都不便宜，学校被迫做出一个艰难的选择，关于如何使用他们有限的钱)”可知，实地考察数量减少的原因就是财政问题，即：经费困难。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据所猜词前一句“Schoolsincreasinglyusetripstoamusementparksorsportingeventsasatreatforstudentsratherthananopportunityforculturallearning.(学校越来越多地把去游乐园或参加体育活动作为对待学生的方式，而不是学习文化的机会)”可知，学校让学生去游乐园或参加体育活动进行娱乐，而放弃学习文化的机会。由此可知，Thisshift指的是从一个学习的机会变成了一种娱乐。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AresearchledbyJayGreeneatArkansasUniversityfoundthatstudentswhoreceivedatourofanartmuseumgreatlyimprovedtheirknowledgeofandtheabilitytothinkcriticallyaboutart.Theyalsodisplaystrongerhistoricalinterestandweremorelikelytovisitculturalplacesinthefuture.(Arkansas大学JayGreene领导的一项研究发现，参观艺术博物馆的学生大大提高了他们对艺术的知识和批判性思考能力。他们也表现出更强的历史兴趣，更有可能在未来参观文化场所)”可知，Arkansas大学的JayGreene的研究表明通过参观艺术博物馆可以培养学生们艺术的知识和批判性思考，同时还会养成对历史的兴趣。由此可推知，学生们所得到的回报就是更多的文化意识。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wordshavethepowertobuildusuportearusdown.Itdoesn'tmatterifthewordsefromourselvesorsomeoneelse.Thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting.___16___We'reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit,though.Infact,wereallyshouldn'tbebecausemoreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit.This''selftalk''helpsusmotivateourselves,rememberthings,solveproblems,andcalmourselvesdown.Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofselftalktendstobenegative.___17___Often,wordseoutofourmouthswithoutusthinkingabouttheeffecttheywillhave.Butweshouldbeawarethatourwordscausecertainresponsesinothers.Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.___18___Wordspossesspowerbecauseoftheirlastingeffect.Manyofusregretsomethingweoncesaid.Werememberunkindwordssaidtousaswell.Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:___19___Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn'tpassthistest,thenit'sbetterleftunsaid.Wordspossesspower:bothpositiveandnegative.Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildselfesteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest.___20___Willweuseourwordstohurtortoheal?Thechoiceisours.A.Isitloving?B.HowshouldIsayit?C.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.D.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.E.Generallypeoplelikepositiveandpleasantwords.F.However,criticallanguagemaycauseangeranddefense.G.Soweshouldonlyspeakencouragingwordstoourselves.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.A20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言的力量。积极的语言可以激励我们，消极的语言会摧毁我们。【16题详解】后文We'reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit,though.(然而，我们通常觉得太尴尬而不承认)与C.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.(我们所有人都会时不时自言自语)承接自然，后文的it指代选项的内容，即“我们所有人都会时不时自言自语”，故选C项。【17题详解】前文Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofselftalktendstobenegative.(但是，要清楚多达77%的自言自语倾向于消极)与G.Soweshouldonlyspeakencouragingwordstoourselves.(因此，我们应该只对自己说鼓励的话)承接自然，前后句构成明显的因果关系，negative和encouraging是关键词，故选G项。【18题详解】前文Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.(例如，当把一件商品退回商店时，我们在交换期间可能会用温和、友好的语言。店员很可能会用同样的方式回复你)F.However,criticallanguagemaycauseangeranddefense.(然而，批评的语言可能会造成愤怒和抵抗)承接自然，前后是两种对比的情况，且构成明显的转折关系，friendly和critical是关键词，故选F项。【19题详解】前文Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:(在说话之前，我们应该问问自己)与A.Isitloving?(它是表示关爱的话吗？)承接自然，前文提出“问自己”，下文给出问题，故选A项。【20题详解】前文Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildselfesteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest.(当我们说积极的话时，我们周围的人会得到鼓励。我们可以提供帮助、建立自信以及激励他们做到最好)与D.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.(消极的话语会毁掉所有这一切)承接自然，前后部分分别陈述积极话语和消极话语的两种情况，选项里的those代指前文的Wecanofferhope,buildselfesteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest，故选D项。第三部分语言知识与应用(共两节，满分25分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Angelaneverlikedseeingplasticwastewashingupontheshorenearherhome.Shehadbeen___21___tocallonhermunitytocleanitup,tochangethe___22___,soshetriedtosetupanorganizationcalledWashedAshore:ArttoSavetheSea.Her___23___provedquiteasuccess.Here'showit___24___.Volunteershelpcleanup300milesofshoreline.Then,___25___onlypastiesfromthebeachcleanup,Angelaandmanyothervolunteerscreatesculpturesofsea___26___.Sheexplains,“Imeantocreatesculpturesthatmakepeopletakealookand___27___,‘Howcantherebethismuchwasteonthebeach?’____28____,thesesculptureswillmakepeopleconsiderwhattheyhave___29___intheirdailylifeandrealizehowsomuchplasticendsupintheoceans.”Sofar,about10,000_____30_____volunteershavecollected21tonsofwasteandhelpedcreatemorethan70worksofart.Fourtraveling_____31_____havedemonstrated.theartworksin18placesofthecountry.Oneofthesculptures,TurtleOcean,receiveda_____32_____honor.ItwasadmittedintotheNationalMuseum.TheWashedAshoreteamisnowworkingonsculpturesofadolphin,with_____33_____formoresculptures.“Untilwe_____34_____plasticonthebeach,theworkwillcontinue.Thesesculpturesarea(n)_____35_____forcleanoceans.”Angelasaysseriously.21.A.offering B.longing C.claiming D.hesitating22.A.landscape B.evaluation C.tendency D.situation23.A.attempt B.choice C.fantasy D.instruction24.A.describes B.ensures C.functions D.guarantees25.A.submitting B.presenting C.delivering D.employing26.A.waste B.floor C.waves D.creatures27.A.rethink B.remark C.confirm D.announce28.A.Generally B.Hopefully C.Fortunately D.Surprisingly29.A.achieved B.observed C.purchased D.remended30.A.devoted B.surprised C.grateful D.adventurous31.A.guides B.managers C.advertisements D.exhibitions32A.regular B.simple C.special D.sensitive33.A.plans B.calls C.elements D.exchanges34.A.getdownto B.keepawayfrom C.runoutof D.endupwith35.A.excuse B.appeal C.praise D.response【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.C33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Angela创立了名为“WashedAshore:ArttoSavetheSea(被冲上岸：拯救海洋的艺术)”的社区组织，致力于清理海岸垃圾，并将海岸垃圾创作出海洋生物雕塑以给人警醒：人们需要的是一个洁净的海洋。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直渴望号召她的社区将海滩清理干净，改变现状，所以她努力地成立了一个名为“冲上岸：拯救海洋的艺术”的组织。A.offering主动提供；B.longing渴望；C.claiming宣称；断言；D.hesitating迟疑；犹豫。根据后文“soshetriedtosetupanorganizationcalledWashedAshore:ArttoSavetheSea.”可知，她努力建立一个名为“被冲上岸：拯救海洋的艺术”的组织，因此她应是希望通过这个组织清理海岸上的垃圾，希望社区的人们一起来做这件事。longtodo，固定结构，意为“渴望做某事；希望……”，符合语境。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一直渴望号召她的社区将海滩清理干净，改变现状，所以她努力地成立了一个名为“冲上岸：拯救海洋的艺术”的组织。A.landscape风景；景色；B.evaluation评价；评估；C.tendency倾向；趋势；D.situation情况；形势。根据前文“Angelaneverlikedseeingplasticwastewashingupontheshorenearherhome.Shehadbeen___1___tocallonhermunitytocleanitup”可知，Angela希望能够呼吁社区的人们一起清理海岸垃圾，是为了改变这种状况。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的努力很成功。A.attempt尝试；努力；B.choice选择；C.fantasy幻想；想象；D.instruction说明；传授。分析可知，所选名词应与前文动词“triedto”含义相呼应，应是“努力”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下面是它的工作流程。A.describes描述；B.ensures保证；确保；C.functions起作用；正常工作；D.guarantees担保；保障。结合语境可知，it应是指代前文“anorganizationcalledWashedAshore:ArttoSavetheSea(名为“被冲上岸：拯救海洋的艺术”的组织)”，结合语境可知，本段后文在讲述该组织的工作流程。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，只是利用海滩清理工作中的糊状物，Angela和其他许多志愿者就能创作出海洋生物的雕塑。A.submitting提交；屈服；B.presenting展现；颁发；C.delivering发表；递送；D.employing雇佣；使用。根据后文“Angelaandmanyothervolunteerscreatesculpturesofsea____6___”可知，这些雕塑应是使用海滩清理来的垃圾创作而成。故选D项。26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，只是利用海滩清理工作中的糊状物，Angela和其他许多志愿者就能创作出海洋生物的雕塑。A.waste浪费；废弃物；B.floor地板；地面；楼层；C.waves海浪；风潮；D.creatures生物；动物。根据后文“Oneofthesculptures,TurtleOcean(其中一个雕塑是《海龟海洋》)”可知，他们创作的雕塑应是和海洋生物有关。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打算创作出让人们看到并重新思考“海滩上怎么会有这么多垃圾?”的雕塑。A.rethink重新考虑；重新思考；B.remark说起；谈论；评论；C.confirm证明；确认；D.announce宣布；宣告。结合语境可知，后文“Howcantherebethismuchwasteonthebeach?”应是人们看到雕塑后思考的内容，与后文consider相呼应，所填动词rethink。故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：希望这些雕塑能让人们思考他们在日常生活中购买了什么，并意识到如此多的塑料最终会流入海洋。A.Generally普遍地；广泛地；一般地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Surprisingly惊人地；出人意料地。根据后文“thesesculptureswillmakepeopleconsiderwhattheyhave___9___intheirdailylifeandrealizehowsomuchplasticendsupintheoceans”可知，Angela希望这些雕塑能够引起人们的思考。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：希望这些雕塑能让人们思考他们在日常生活中购买了什么，并意识到如此多的塑料最终会流入海洋。A.achieved实现；B.observed观察；庆祝；遵守；C.purchased购买；采购；D.remended推荐；举荐；介绍。根据前文“Imeantocreatesculpturesthatmakepeopletakealookand___7___.‘Howcantherebethismuchwasteonthebeach?’”可知，他们将海岸上的垃圾创作出雕塑，希望这些雕塑能够让人思考日常购买的日用品中有大量的塑料垃圾。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，大约1万名全心全意的志愿者已经收集了21吨垃圾，并帮助创作了70多件艺术品。A.devoted挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的；B.surprised惊奇的；惊讶的；C.grateful感激的；D.adventurous有冒险精神的；（指事物、方法、思想）新奇的。根据后文对于主语动作的描述“havecollected21tonsofwasteandhelpedcreatemorethan70worksofart”可知，能够收集了21吨垃圾，帮助创作了70多件艺术品的志愿者们应是全心全意保护海洋的人。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在全国18个地方举行了四场巡回展览。A.guides指导；向导；B.managers经理；主教练；C.advertisements广告；D.exhibitions展览。根据后文“havedemonstratedtheartworksin18placesofthecountry”可知，在全国18个地方展出了这些艺术作品，应是举行了巡回展。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一个雕塑，《海龟海洋》，获得了特别的荣誉。A.regular规则的；有规律的；定时的