2025年全国高考一卷英语真题（解析版）

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国一卷)英语学科本试卷满分150分,考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.CARS—BatteriesBatteriesareenergy-efficientandelectriccarscanplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.Newsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglecharge.TRAINS—ElectricitySometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelcellsHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucks,butmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.SHIPS—LiquidammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport,butitishardtoignite(点燃)andrequiresanengineredesign.Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebitmind-blowing,”saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It’sestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothetask.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.1.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%.2.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?A.Planes. B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships.3WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?A.Limitingfuelconsumption. B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.C.Improvingenergyefficiency. D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%(道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.(Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。BInmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.4.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A.Ninthgraders. B.Students’parents.C.Modernwriters. D.Fictionalcharacters.5.Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime. B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion. D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A.Mixed. B.Amazing. C.Similar. D.Disturbing.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Teachingislearning. B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Knowledgeispower. D.Practicemakesperfect.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(结果是staggering。学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggering意为“令人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teachingislearning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。CWhilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad. B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore. D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.9.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?A.Keeptheircitieslivable. B.Promoteculturaldiversity.C.Helptheneedyfamilies. D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars. B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.C.Theywongovernmentsupport. D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheRush? B.What’sNext?C.WheretoStay? D.WhotoBlame?【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.(虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,

aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sleda

campaigntostopthedestructionofher

localpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)to

champion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”(最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.

Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.

(尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?(我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“WhytheRush?

(为何匆匆？)”质问“rushthrough

(匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。DMicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene,polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake.“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”12.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert. B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byprovidingstatistics.13.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?A.Thehardnessofwater. B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.CThefrequencyoffiltering. D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling. B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater. D.Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.15.WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay’ssuggestionabout?A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods. B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers. D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.(至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydiffcult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.(尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的““Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”(格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师卡罗琳·高肖特-林赛（CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay）没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示的微塑料是如何通过煮沸过程被捕获的方式很好。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，这样它们就能去除微塑料。”)”可知，Gauchotte-Lindsay提出了这项发现的潜在应用，升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore._____16_____CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks._____17_____Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime._____18_____“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,”Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek._____19_____“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe”Murphysaid._____20_____Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.【答案】16E17.D18.C19.F20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。【16题详解】根据上文“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.(课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.(这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Notonly...also...”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】根据上文“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.(她在机器之间来回制作饮品。)”及下文“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.(当顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D选项“Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.(完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishinganorder”衔接“makethedrinks”，“callsoutthename”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。【18题详解】根据上文“Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.(墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.(我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.(有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrivesearly”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“servethestudentsearly”呼应“liketomakecoffeeforthestudents”，展现其敬业精神。故选C项。【19题详解】根据上文“JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.(乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.(赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.(去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“startsherdayoffgood”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerfulmood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F项。【20题详解】根据下文“Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.(她完全打算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.(她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’timagineworkinganywhereelse”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn’tseendaylightsincemywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy___21___thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe___22___weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplaceto___23___oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill___24___withthingsthat,whilenotparticularly___25___,didn’tbelonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional___26___,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour___27___daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice($0)andrepostedit.The___28___:“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase.___29___,Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe___30___Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto___31___thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave___32___.Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthe___33___thatshareoursmallspace.Itake___34___inknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis___35___somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus.21.A.paintingover B.lookingaround C.emptyingout D.pullingdown22.A.hotel B.office C.cottage D.apartment23.A.store B.display C.sell D.repair24.A.covered B.decorated C.stuffed D.equipped25.A.conventional B.valuable C.complicated D.tolerable26.A.fees B.photos C.receipts D.models27.A.move B.pay C.market D.work28.A.warning B.request C.description D.reply29.A.Confused B.Interested C.Disappointed D.Encouraged30.A.visits B.reports C.advice D.money31.A.remove B.spare C.find D.check32.A.investigated B.recognized C.encountered D.recommended33.A.giveaways B.posts C.contributions D.belongings34.A.joy B.part C.care D.time35.A.anticipating B.appreciating C.delivering D.withdrawing【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.B27.A28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A.paintingover粉刷覆盖；B.lookingaround环顾四周；C.emptyingout清空；D.pullingdown拆除。根据上文“ MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouse”和下文“thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A.hotel酒店；B.office办公室；C.cottage小屋；D.apartment公寓。根据文章最后一段“Isitinmyapartmenttoday”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A.store储存；B.display展示；C.sell出售；D.repair修理。根据上文“rentedaplace”以及下文“oursupposedlyimportantobjects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A.covered覆盖的；B.decorated装饰的；C.stuffed塞满的；D.equipped配备的。根据上文“rentedaplaceto

3oursupposedlyimportantobjects”以及下文“withthings”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A.conventional传统的；B.valuable有价值的；C.complicated复杂的；D.tolerable可容忍的。根据上文“whilenotparticularly”以及下文“didn’tbelonginalandfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A.fees费用；B.photos照片；C.receipts收据；D.models模型。根据上文“Itookapictureofthevase”及“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A.move搬家；B.pay支付；C.market市场；D.work工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“daydrewnear”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A.warning警告；B.request请求；C.description描述；D.reply回复。根据上文“Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline”以及下文“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A.Confused困惑的；B.Interested感兴趣的；C.Disappointed失望的；D.Encouraged受鼓励的。根据上文“Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A.visits拜访；B.reports报告；C.advice建议；D.money钱。根据上文“Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouse”以及“Mydailyposts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A.remove移除；B.spare省得；免去；C.find发现；D.check检查。根据上文语境以及下文“thelandfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A.investigated调查；B.recognized认出；C.encountered遇见；D.recommended推荐。根据上文“anotherpersonImightnototherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A.giveaways赠品；B.posts帖子；C.contributions贡献；D.belongings所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“Isitinmyapartmenttoday”以及下文“shareoursmallspace”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A.joy快乐；B.part部分；C.care关心；D.time时间。结合语境，再根据上文“lovingeachofthe13thatshareoursmallspace.”以及下文“inknowingthat,somewherenearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A.anticipating期待；B.appreciating欣赏；C.delivering递送；D.withdrawing撤回。根据上文“Itake13inknowingthat,somewherenearby”以及下文“somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,____36____originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.Goisoneof____37____earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.ThemovementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy,accordingtoTuNingning,whoisinchargeoftheexhibitio