2024-2025学年陕西省安康市高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省安康市2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMostBeautifulIslandsintheWorldNothingbeatsabeautifulisland.Thesearethefourmostbeautifulislandsaroundtheworld.BoraBora,FrenchPolynesiaShapedlikeabighat,thisvolcanicislandstarsinmanySouthPacificdaydreams.Fish,turtlesandsharksswimintheclearwaters.Theisland,ofcourse,isclearlyFrench,withmouthwateringfoodtomatch.Divingisexcellentinthesurroundingreefs,andhikingpathswindthroughthepalmtrees.BoraBoraishometoluxurious(奢侈的)resorts,whereyoucanfallasleeptothegentlesoundsofthesea.Palawan,PhilippinesTheislandofPalawanishometosomeofthemostbeautifulbeachesintheworldandisthePhilippines’answertoparadise.Themostamazingareaandwhatsetsthisislandapartfromothersarethecliffs(悬崖)andbeachesonthenorthendofPalawan,nearthetownofElNido.Seychelles,KenyaThisfairlyuntouchedgroupof115coralandgraniteislandsisfullofattractionstovisit,fromUNESCO-listedjunglesandlivelycoralreefstobeacheslinedwithpalmtrees.TheSeychellesalsofeaturesomeoftheplanet’srichestfishinggrounds,makingthisatopdestinationforfishinglovers.Santorini,GreeceThespectacularSantoriniscorestoppointsforitsbeauty.Blue-domedchurchesstandupagainsttheshiningsea.OthergreatattractionsofSantoriniincludeAkrotíriArchaeologicalSite,AncientThira,theblacksandbeachofPerissa,andofcourse,theextremelybeautifulsunsets.1.InwhichplaceisBoraBoralocated?A.Philippines. B.FrenchPolynesia. C.Greece. D.Kenya.2.WhatmakesPalawanspecial?A.Thepopularresorts. B.Thedeliciousfood.C.Theclearwaters. D.Thecliffsandbeaches.3.WhatcanpeopledointheSeychelles?A.Enjoynicesunsets. B.Stayinluxuryhotels.C.Gofishingandvisitjungles. D.Watchsometypesofsharks.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个最美丽的岛屿。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据BoraBora,FrenchPolynesia部分中“Shapedlikeabighat,thisvolcanicislandstarsinmanySouthPacificdaydreams.(这个火山岛形状像一顶大帽子，是许多南太平洋白日梦的主角)”可知，BoraBora位于FrenchPolynesia(法属波利尼西亚)。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Palawan,Philippines部分中“Themostamazingareaandwhatsetsthisislandapartfromothersarethecliffs(悬崖)andbeachesonthenorthendofPalawan,nearthetownofElNido.(最令人惊叹的地区以及使这个岛屿与众不同的是巴拉望岛北端靠近埃尔尼多镇的悬崖和海滩)”可知，使Palawan特别的是悬崖和海滩。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Seychelles,Kenya部分中“Thisfairlyuntouchedgroupof115coralandgraniteislandsisfullofattractionstovisit,fromUNESCO-listedjunglesandlivelycoralreefstobeacheslinedwithpalmtrees.TheSeychellesalsofeaturesomeoftheplanet’srichestfishinggrounds,makingthisatopdestinationforfishinglovers.(这组115个几乎未受破坏的珊瑚和花岗岩岛屿充满了值得游览的景点，从被联合国教科文组织列入名录的丛林和生机勃勃的珊瑚礁到长满棕榈树的海滩。塞舌尔群岛还拥有地球上一些最丰富的渔场，是钓鱼爱好者的首选目的地)”可知，人们在塞舌尔群岛可以钓鱼和参观丛林。故选C。BInSouthAfrica,aformerpassengertrainnowservesasatravellingmedicalcentertoprovidehealthservicestopeopleinneed.ThetrainisknownasPhelophepa,whichmeans“good,clean,health”.IttravelsacrossSouthAfricatoprovidemedicalcaretoamixofpatientsforwhomusualhealthcareisunavailable(难以获得的)orrare.Thetrainhasbeenoperatingsincetheearly1990s.Thetraincarriesmedicalprofessionalsaroundthecountry,eventothemostruralvillages.Officialssaytheservicehelpsatleast375,000SouthAfricanseachyear.Thecarepatientsreceiveisdifferentfromthegovernment’smainpublichealthcaresystem.Thatsystemservesanestimated84percentofthepopulation.Butgovernmentinsuranceplansaretoocostlyformanypeopletopayfor.ThethiweMahlanguhasusedthehealthtrainandrecentlyspoketothemediaaboutherexperiences.Shesaidlocalhealthclinicsinherarea—inTembisa—cannoteffectivelyserveherneeds.“Therewearenottreatedwell,”Mahlangusaid.Shenotedthatwhenpeopleaskaboutsuchquestions,themedicalworkerssaytheysimplyneedbiggerhospitals.Whenthetrainbeganin1994,manypeopleinSouthAfricastilllivedinruralvillageswithlittleavailabilitytohealthcenters.ThetimewasaperiodofgreatchangeinSouthAfrica.Today,thetrainassiststhegrowingpopulationsofthecapital,Pretoria,aswellasJohannesburg,thecountry’seconomiccenter.ShemonaKendiah,thetrain’smanager,saidthatthetraincouldremaininoneplaceforlotsofdaystoseeasmanypeopleaspossible.Thosegoingtomajorpopulationcenters—likeTembisa—canendupstayinguptotwoweeks.Thepatient,JaneMabuza,gotafullhealthexaminationaswellasservicesforherteeth.Shebelievesthetrainwillbeabletoreachmanymorepeopleinotherareas.“Hereonthetrainyouneverhearthatanythinghasbeenfinished,”Mabuzaadded.4.WhatchallengedomanySouthAfricansfaceingettinghealthcare?A.Localhealthclinicsrefusetotreatthem. B.Thecountrylacksmedicalprofessionals.C.ThePhelophepatraincannotreachruralareas. D.Governmentinsuranceisnotaffordableforthem.5.WhydoesMahlangupreferthePhelophepatraintolocalclinics?A.Localclinicshavenopropermedicalfacilities. B.Thetrainprovidesfasterservicethanhospitals.C.Thetrainoffersmorespecializedtreatments. D.Localclinicstaffoftenrejectpatients.6.HowdoestheauthorstresstheimpactofthePhelophepatrain?A.Sharingfictionalstories. B.Listingsomemedicalterms.C.Usingdirectquotationsfrompatients. D.Comparingwithotherhealthcareprograms.7.HowdoesJaneMabuzafeelaboutthePhelophepatrain?A.Hopeful. B.Doubtful. C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了Phelophepa医疗列车，它是一列改造自客运列车的流动医疗中心，旨在为南非偏远地区和医疗资源匮乏的人群提供医疗服务。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butgovernmentinsuranceplansaretoocostlyformanypeopletopayfor.(但政府保险计划的成本太高，许多人无法支付)”可知，政府保险费用高，导致许多人无法负担。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Shesaidlocalhealthclinicsinherarea—inTembisa—cannoteffectivelyserveherneeds.“Therewearenottreatedwell,”Mahlangusaid.Shenotedthatwhenpeopleaskaboutsuchquestions,themedicalworkerssaytheysimplyneedbiggerhospitals.(她说，她所在地区坦比萨的当地诊所无法有效满足她的需求。Mahlangu说：“我们在那里没有得到很好的待遇。”。她指出，当人们问到这些问题时，医务人员说他们只是需要更大的医院)”可推知，Mahlangu认为当地诊所无法满足需求，Phelophepa医疗列车可以提供更加专业的治疗。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ThethiweMahlanguhasusedthehealthtrainandrecentlyspoketothemediaaboutherexperiences.Shesaidlocalhealthclinicsinherarea—inTembisa—cannoteffectivelyserveherneeds.“Therewearenottreatedwell,”Mahlangusaid.Shenotedthatwhenpeopleaskaboutsuchquestions,themedicalworkerssaytheysimplyneedbiggerhospitals.(ThethiweMahlangu使用了健康训练，最近向媒体讲述了她的经历。她说，她所在地区坦比萨的当地诊所无法有效满足她的需求。Mahlangu说：“我们在那里没有得到很好的待遇。”。她指出，当人们问到这些问题时，医务人员说他们只是需要更大的医院)”以及最后一段“Thepatient,JaneMabuza,gotafullhealthexaminationaswellasservicesforherteeth.Shebelievesthetrainwillbeabletoreachmanymorepeopleinotherareas.“Hereonthetrainyouneverhearthatanythinghasbeenfinished,”Mabuzaadded.(病人JaneMabuza接受了全面的健康检查和牙齿护理。她相信这列火车将能够到达其他地区的更多人。Mabuza补充道：“在火车上，你永远听不到任何事情已经完成。”)”可推知，文章通过直接引用患者的话语来增强真实性和说服力，强调Phelophepa医疗列车的影响力。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shebelievesthetrainwillbeabletoreachmanymorepeopleinotherareas.(她相信这列火车将能够到达其他地区的更多人)”可知，Mabuza认为火车服务好，物资充足，并希望更多人受益，这表明她对Phelophepa列车充满希望。故选A。CWithMelRobbins’newbook,TheLetThemTheory,lotsofpeoplearetalkingaboutboundaries(边界).Asrelationshipexperts,boundariesareoneofthemostimportantpartsofourwork.Whyarewesofocusedonboundaries,asexpertswhowanttohelppeoplebeclosertooneanother?Becausehealthyboundariesarethecorefoundationofanyhealthyrelationship.First,let’sreviewwhatboundariesare.Imaginethatyouhaveabubble(气泡)ofpersonalspacearoundyou.Aboundaryisadecisionyoumakeaboutwhatyouletinsideofthebubble.Forexample,youmightwanttoletpeopleinsidethebubbleiftheybringyoujoy,ifyoucareabouttheirwell-being,orifyou’reworkingonsomethingmeaningfultogether.Wecanhavelotsofbubblesofdifferentsizesfordifferentaspectsofourlives.Importantly,keepingontheseboundariesisallaboutwhatyoudo,notwhatothersdo.Youcan’tforcesomeonetobehavedifferentlywithinyourbubble;theirbehaviorisnotwithinyourcontrol.Sowhatdoyoudoifsomeoneviolates(冒犯)yourboundary?Youcanmoveyourbubbleawayfromthembychangingyourownbehavior:Forexample,youmightinvestlessemotionallyintherelationship,physicallyleavethesituation,sharelessinformationaboutyourself,belessopen,orevencutofftherelationshiptotally.Healthyrelationshipsrequireafoundationofmutual(相互的)respect,andthisincludesrespectingotherpeople’srighttomaketheirowndecisions—evenifwedon’tlike,agreewith,ortoleratetheirchoices.Sohowdoweletotherpeoplemaketheirownchoiceswithoutlettingthemharmusorviolateourpersonalspace?Wesetandholdstrongboundaries.Boundariescertainlyprotectourownindividualwell-being,buttheyalsoprotectanddevelopourrelationshipswithothers.Keepingourboundariesallowsustobuildtrustinourselvessothatwecankeepourselvessafe,regardlessofwhatotherpeoplesayordo.Andthissenseofsafety,inturn,allowsustotaketheriskofbeingweakinconnectionwithothers.8.Whydorelationshipexpertsfocusonboundaries?A.Theywanttotakeadvantageofpeople’sbehavior.B.Boundarieshelppeoplebecomemoreindependent.C.Healthyboundariesareessentialforfinerelationships.D.It’seasiertoworkwithpeoplewhohaveclearboundaries.9.Whatisaboundaryaccordingtothetext?A.Arulethatothersmustfollow. B.Awaytoforceotherstobehave.C.Aphysicalbarrieraroundaperson. D.Adecisionaboutwhatentersone’spersonalspace.10.Whatcanyoudoifsomeoneviolatesyourboundary?A.Arguewiththem. B.Ignorethemcompletely.C.Adjustyourownbehavior. D.Trytochangetheirbehavior.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.MelRobbins’newbookanditsinfluence.B.Importanceofmaintaininghealthyboundaries.C.Waystoavoidpersonalboundariesbeingviolated.D.Differencesbetweenphysicalandemotionalboundaries.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“边界”这一概念，阐述了其在人际关系中的重要性。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whyarewesofocusedonboundaries,asexpertswhowanttohelppeoplebeclosertooneanother?Becausehealthyboundariesarethecorefoundationofanyhealthyrelationship.(作为想要帮助人们彼此更亲近的专家，我们为什么如此关注边界呢？因为健康的边界是任何健康关系的核心基础。)”可知，关系专家关注边界是因为健康的边界对于良好的关系来说是必不可少的。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“First,let’sreviewwhatboundariesare.Imaginethatyouhaveabubble(气泡)ofpersonalspacearoundyou.Aboundaryisadecisionyoumakeaboutwhatyouletinsideofthebubble.(首先，让我们回顾一下什么是边界。想象一下，你周围有一个个人空间的气泡。边界是你做出的关于让什么进入这个气泡的决定。)”可知，边界是关于什么进入一个人个人空间的决定。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sowhatdoyoudoifsomeoneviolates(冒犯)yourboundary?Youcanmoveyourbubbleawayfromthembychangingyourownbehavior:Forexample,youmightinvestlessemotionallyintherelationship,physicallyleavethesituation,sharelessinformationaboutyourself,belessopen,orevencutofftherelationshiptotally.(那么，如果有人冒犯了你的边界，你该怎么办呢？你可以通过改变自己的行为，将你的气泡从他们身边移开：例如，你可能会在这段关系中投入更少的情感，从身体上离开这种情况，分享更少关于你自己的信息，变得不那么开放，甚至完全切断这段关系。)”可知，如果有人冒犯了你的边界，你可以调整自己的行为。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇由MelRobbins的新书引出边界的话题，接着阐述了边界的定义、当边界被冒犯时的做法，重点强调了健康的边界对个人和人际关系的重要性。所以B选项Importanceofmaintaininghealthyboundaries.(维持健康边界的重要性。)，符合文章主旨。故选B。D8-year-oldS.Hariraj,aFoldscope(折叠显微镜)lover,hasbeenusingitfor2yearsnow.TheFoldscoperevealsaworldofmicroorganisms.“TheFoldscopetaughtmethattheworldweseearounduscanbeverydifferentfromwhatweassume.It’slikehavingathirdeye.”The8-year-oldistalkingaboutadevicethatisafullyfunctionalpapermicroscope.EverythingyouneedtoconstructtheFoldscopecomesinasmallbag:Asheetofpaperwithfourmainpartstopunch(打孔)outtobuildthemicroscope.ThemainpartoftheFoldscopeisonelongsheetofpaper.Magnets(磁铁)sticktoeachend,holdingfrontandbacktogether.There’salens(镜片)inthebag—andaholetoshowwhereitshouldgo.OnceputtogethertheFoldscopeisthesizeofabookmark.TheFoldscopeistheinventionofManuPrakashandhiscolleagueJimCybulski.TheinspirationcamewhenPrakash,44,wasgrowingupinanorthernIndiancity.NowaprofessoratStanfordUniversity,heremembersanafternooninGrade6whenheandhisclassmateswerestumpedbyasingletestquestion.“Wewereaskedtodrawamicroscope,”hesays.“Noneofuscouldbecausewejusthadn’tseenone.Growingup,Iknewthatthespiritofexplorationwascriticaltothestudyofscience,”saysPrakash.“Andit’snotjustforbeginners.Manyscientistsandresearchersapplyittotheirwork,”saysKarthikBalasubramaniam,ascientist.TheFoldscopehashelpedmakehisfieldworkeasier.Hestudiesamicroscopickindofseaplants,collectingwatersamplesfromacrossthecountrytoassessbiodiversityandpollution.“Carryinganexpensivemicroscopeontothefieldtostudyeachwatersamplecanbehard,”hesays.“TheFoldscopeisn’taspowerfulasalabmicroscope.Butitcanletmeseewhethermywatersamplehasseaplantsornot.”12.WhydoesHarirajcomparetheFoldscopetoathirdeye?A.Itcontributestohisinsightsintotherealworld. B.Itcanbeusedtoreplacearealhumaneye.C.Itissmallinsizeandconvenienttocarry. D.Ithelpstoimprovehisvision.13.WhatdomagnetsservetodoinmakingtheFoldscope?A.Increasetheweightofitscentralpart. B.Indicatewherethelensshouldbefixed.C.SimplifytheprocessofmakingtheFoldscope. D.Fixbothendsofasheetofpapertoeachother.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumped”inparagraph3mean?A.Attracted. B.Scared. C.Shamed. D.Beaten.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutFoldscopefromthelastparagraph?A.Itmatchesalabmicroscopeinallrespects. B.Itsuitsprofessionalsaswellasamateurs.C.ItfirstappearedbeforeHariraj’sbirth. D.Itisundervaluedbysomeresearchers.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了折叠显微镜Foldscope的诞生、制作方法与用途。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheFoldscopetaughtmethattheworldweseearounduscanbeverydifferentfromwhatweassume.It’slikehavingathirdeye.(折叠显微镜让我明白，我们周围的世界可能与我们想象的大不相同。这就像有了第三只眼睛)”可知，Hariraj将折叠显微镜比作第三只眼睛，是因为它有助于Hariraj加深对现实世界的理解。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Magnets(磁铁)sticktoeachend,holdingfrontandbacktogether.(磁铁吸附在两端，将前后固定在一起)”可知，在制作折叠显微镜时，磁铁的作用是将一张纸的两端固定在一起。故选D。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“heandhisclassmateswere(他和他的同学们)”，“byasingletestquestion(被一个简单的测试题)”以及下文““Wewereaskedtodrawamicroscope,”hesays.“Noneofuscouldbecausewejusthadn’tseenone.Growingup,Iknewthatthespiritofexplorationwascriticaltothestudyofscience,”saysPrakash.(“们被要求画一台显微镜，”他说。普拉卡什说道：“我们谁都画不出来显微镜是因为我们根本就没见过这东西。在成长过程中，我就意识到探索精神对于科学研究来说是至关重要的。”)”可知，Prakash和他的同学们被一道测试题难住了，因为他们都没见过显微镜，所以不会画。由此可知，画线词意思是“难住，使困惑”。故选D。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Andit’snotjustforbeginners.Manyscientistsandresearchersapplyittotheirwork,”saysKarthikBalasubramaniam,ascientist.(“而且（折叠显微镜）并不仅仅适用于初学者。许多科学家和研究人员也将其应用于他们的工作中，”科学家卡尔蒂克·巴拉苏布拉马尼亚姆说道)”可知，折叠显微镜不仅适合初学者，许多科学家和研究人员也将其应用于他们的工作中，即折叠显微镜既适合专业人士也适合业余爱好者。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BestClassroomPracticesinTeachingEnglishasaSecondLanguageTeachingEnglishasasecondlanguageforbeginnersisrewarding,butitsurelyfeelsalittlefearfulwhenyou’resteppingintotheclassroomforthefirsttime.___16___OnegreatwaytopromotelearningistoencouragestudentstouseEnglishinsteadoftheirmothertongue.ThishelpsusetheirknowledgeofEnglishandfurtherdevelopit.Italsoprovidesteachingmomentsforteachersandlearningopportunitiesforstudents.___17___Itworkswellwiththe“repeatafterme”or“answerme”approach.Askastudentaquestionandgivehim/herachancetoanswerinEnglish.Whenexplaininganactivityorgivingdirections,givebothverbal(口头的)andwritteninstructions.Doingsoallowsyourstudentstohearwordsandseetheminprintatthesametime.___18___Printoffdirectionstoanactivityanddistributethemtostudentsbeforeyouexplainanactivity.Taketimeinclasstoobserveyourstudents’learningprogress,suchasaskingthemtogiveathumbs-uporthumbs-downsign.Avoidquestionslike“Doyouunderstand?”or“Doesanyonehavequestions?”___19___Walkaroundandtalktostudentstoseeiftheyarehavingtrouble.Makeyourselfavailableasmuchaspossiblewhenstudentsaredoingin-classactivitiesorotheractivities.___20___Thishelpsensureyoudon’tloseyourstudents’attention.Feelfreetogoafewminutesoverifitwillaidyourlesson.Aftereachmini-lesson,switchtoatotallydifferentsortoflesson.Thiswillhelprefreshstudentsandkeeptheirattention.Changeyourmini-lessonsdaily.Trytoincorporateasmanydifferentlessonsaspossibletokeepyourstudents’attentionandtochallengethem.Changeyourstrategyoftenbutsticktothesamematerialuntilyourstudentsunderstandit.A.Itwillaidinwordslearningandpronunciation.B.Repeatthesemethodsasoftenasyoucaninclass.C.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourclassroompractices.D.ThisstrategyisbestsuitableforstudentswiththebasicsofEnglish.E.Youmightwanttogiveupaftermanyattemptswithoutgoodresults.F.Thesedon’tgiveyougoodinsightintohowyourstudentsarereallyfeeling.G.Breakthelessonintomini-courseswhenteachingbeginnersoryoungstudents.【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在英语作为第二语言的课堂教学中一些最佳实践方法，以帮助教师更好地教授初学者。【16题详析】根据上文“TeachingEnglishasasecondlanguageforbeginnersisrewarding,butitsurelyfeelsalittlefearfulwhenyou’resteppingintotheclassroomforthefirsttime.(教英语作为初学者的第二语言是有回报的，但当你第一次走进教室时，肯定会感到有点害怕)”可知，这里引出了教学中面临的情况，接下来应该是给出一些解决办法。C选项“这里有一些有助于改进课堂实践的建议”符合语境，能够承接上文，引出下文的具体建议。故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“OnegreatwaytopromotelearningistoencouragestudentstouseEnglishinsteadoftheirmothertongue.ThishelpsusetheirknowledgeofEnglishandfurtherdevelopit.Italsoprovidesteachingmomentsforteachersandlearningopportunitiesforstudents.

(促进学习的一个好方法是鼓励学生使用英语而不是母语。这有助于运用他们的英语知识并进一步发展它。它还为教师提供教学时间，为学生提供学习机会)”可知，这种方法是有一定前提条件的，需要学生有一定的英语基础才能更好地用英语交流学习。D选项“这种策略最适合有英语基础的学生”与前文内容相呼应，说明了该方法适用的学生群体。故选D。【18题详析】根据上文“Whenexplaininganactivityorgivingdirections,givebothverbal(口头的)andwritteninstructions.Doingsoallowsyourstudentstohearwordsandseetheminprintatthesametime.(在解释活动或给出指示时，同时给出口头和书面指示。这样做可以让你的学生同时听到单词并看到它们的印刷形式)”可知，这种方式对学生学习单词和发音有帮助。A选项“这将有助于单词学习和发音”是对前文做法效果的合理总结。故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Avoidquestionslike“Doyouunderstand?”or“Doesanyonehavequestions?”(避免问像“你明白了吗？”或“有人有问题吗？”这样的问题)”可知，接下来要说明为什么要避免这些问题。F选项“这些问题不能让你很好地了解学生的真实感受”解释了原因，符合语境。故选F。【20题详析】根据下文“Changeyourmini-lessonsdaily.Trytoincorporateasmanydifferentlessonsaspossibletokeepyourstudents’attentionandtochallengethem.Changeyourstrategyoftenbutsticktothesamematerialuntilyourstudentsunderstandit.(每天改变你的迷你课程。试着把尽可能多的不同的课程结合起来，以保持学生的注意力并挑战他们。经常改变你的策略，但要坚持使用相同的材料，直到你的学生理解它)”可知，这一段主要讲的是把课程分成小课程的教学方法。G选项“在教初学者或年龄较小的学生时，把课程分成小课”是对该段内容的概括，作为段首句引领全段。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文、从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项由选出可出填入空白处的最佳选项。Ataroundsixyearsold,LuisM.Morenometamanwhohadalittleguitarupforsale.Luiswantedtheguitar,andthemantoldhimtheguitarwashisifhecould____21____hewasabletoplayit.Afterplayingwiththestringsforawhile,Luisplayedalittle____22____,andthemangaveittohim.Thismomentmarkedthe____23____ofalifetimeofmusicforLuis.Hegrewupina(n)____24____situation,becominganorphan(孤儿)attheageof8.Hespenthischildhood____25____othermusiciansperforminthepubs.Later,he____26____totheUnitedStates,settlingdowninCaliforniainthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.Thatiswherehemethiswifeandcreative____27____,CarmenMoreno.Togethertheybecame____28____fortheirperformancesofMexicanfolkmusicontheradiothroughouttheLosAngelesarea.In1935,hebecameaprofessional____29____withtheAmericanFederationofLaborand____30____forworkersacrossthecountry,particularlyinthefoodandtobaccoindustries.Moreno’smostimportantworkincludedhiseffortsto____31____theLatinocommunity.In1938,hefoundedtheNationalCongressofSpanish-speakingPeoples,consideredoneofthefirstnational____32____tofightforbetterworking____33____andfairtreatmentforallLatinolaborers.Morethanacenturyaftertheirparents’birth,hisdaughters,RosemarySelzerandCarmencristinaMoreno,sharedtheirmemoriesofgrowingup____34____bymusicandthebittersweet____35____thattheirfatherleftbehind.21.A.prove B.explain C.guess D.imagine22.A.song B.tune C.rhythm D.sound23.A.reason B.process C.beginning D.change24.A.fortunate B.difficult C.peaceful D.easy25.A.feeling B.making C.watching D.helping26.A.responded B.moved C.pointed D.referred27.A.teacher B.parent C.partner D.friend28.A.anxious B.grateful C.famous D.suitable29.A.organizer B.singer C.worker D.manager30.A.searched B.thought C.called D.fought31.A.unify B.divide C.advertise D.control32.A.decisions B.efforts C.ways D.needs33.A.spaces B.schedules C.results D.conditions34.A.surrounded B.disturbed C.surprised D.covered35.A.promise B.dream C.wish D.relic【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.C26.B27.C28.C29.A30.D31.A32.B33.D34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了音乐家LuisM.Moreno生平，包括其音乐之路、奋斗经历及对社区的贡献。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Luis想要那把吉他，那人告诉他，如果他能证明自己能弹，那把吉他就是他的。A.prove证明；B.explain解释；C.guess猜测；D.imagine想象。根据下文“Afterplayingwiththestringsforawhile,Luisplayedalittle________,andthemangaveittohim.”可知，此处表示那人让Luis证明会弹吉他。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luis拨弄了一会儿琴弦，弹了一小段曲子，男人就把吉他给了他。A.song歌曲；B.tune曲调，曲子；C.rhythm节奏；D.sound声音。根据上文“Afterplayingwiththestringsforawhile,”可知，Luis拨弄琴弦后弹了一小段曲子。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一刻标志着Luis音乐生涯的开始。A.reason原因；B.process过程；C.beginning开始；D.change改变。根据上文“Ataroundsixyearsold,LuisM.Morenometamanwhohadalittleguitarupforsale.”以及语境可知，得到吉他开启了Luis的音乐生涯，所以是Luis音乐生涯的开始。故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在艰难的环境中长大，8岁时成了孤儿。A.fortunate幸运的；B.difficult艰难的；C.peaceful和平的；D.easy容易的。根据下文“becominganorphan(孤儿)attheageof8.”可知，Luis在8岁成为孤儿，推测Luis的成长环境艰难。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他童年时经常看其他音乐家在酒吧里表演。A.feeling感觉；B.making制作；C.watching观看；D.helping帮助。根据下文“othermusiciansperforminthepubs.”以及语境可知，此处表示在酒吧里，Luis观看其他音乐家表演。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他搬到了美国，20世纪上半叶在加利福尼亚定居下来。A.responded回应；B.moved移动，搬家；C.pointed指向；D.referred提及。根据下文“settlingdowninCaliforniainthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.”可知，此处表示Luis搬到美国，在加利福尼亚定居。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就是在那里，他遇到了他的妻子和创作伙伴CarmenMoreno。A.teacher老师；B.parent父母；C.partner伙伴；D.friend朋友。根据下文“Togethertheybecame________fortheirperformancesofMexicanfolkmusicontheradiothroughouttheLosAngelesarea.”可知，CarmenMoreno是他的妻子，也是他的创作伙伴。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一起因为在整个洛杉矶地区通过广播表演墨西哥民间音乐而出名。A.anxious焦虑的；B.grateful感激的；C.famous著名的；D.suitable合适的。根据下文“fortheirperformancesofMexicanfolkmusicontheradiothroughouttheLosAngelesarea.”可知，此处表示他们因表演墨西哥民间音乐而著名。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：1935年，他成为美国劳工联合会的专业组织者，为全国各地的工人，特别是食品和烟草行业的工人而奋斗。A.organizer组织者；B.singer歌手；C.worker工人；D.manager经理。根据下文“withtheAmericanFederationofLaborand________forworkersacrossthecountry,particularlyinthefoodandtobaccoindustries.”可知，此处表示Luis成为专业组织者，为全国各地的工人奋斗。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.searched搜索；B.thought思考；C.called呼叫；D.fought奋斗。根据下文“fortheirperformancesofMexicanfolkmusicontheradiothroughouttheLosAngelesarea.”以及“Moreno’smostimportantworkincludedhiseffortsto________theLatinocommunity.”可知，此处表示Luis做出的努力，为工人而奋斗。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moreno最重要的工作包括他努力团结拉丁裔社区。A.unify团结；B.divide分开；C.advertise做广告；D.control控制。根据下文“tofightforbetterworking________andfairtreatmentforallLatinolaborers.”以及语境可知，此处表示Luis做出的努力，团结拉丁裔社区。故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：1938年，他创立了西班牙语国家大会，被认为是首批为争取更好的工作条件和公平对待所有拉丁裔劳动者而奋斗的全国性努力之一。A.decisions决定；B.efforts努力；C.ways方式；D.needs需求。根据下文“tofightforbetterworking________andfairtreatmentforallLatinolaborers.”可知，此处表示Luis创立西班牙语国家大会他做出的努力。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.spaces空间；B.schedules日程安排；C.results结果；D.conditions条件。根据下文“andfairtreatmentforallLatinolaborers.”以及语境可知，此处表示争取更好的工作条件和公平对待拉丁裔劳动者。故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父母出生一个多世纪后，他的女儿RosemarySelzer和CarmencristinaMoreno分享了她们在音乐陪伴下成长的记忆，以及她们父亲留下的苦乐参半的遗产。A.surrounded围绕；B.disturbed打扰；C.surprised使惊讶；D.covered覆盖。根据上文“Thatiswherehemethiswifeandcreative________,CarmenMoreno.Togethertheybecame________fortheirperformancesofMexicanfolkmusicontheradiothroughouttheLosAngelesarea.”以及下文“bymusic”可知，这对父母都是音乐人士，所以他们的女儿会被音乐围绕，即成长过程中有音乐陪伴。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.promise承诺；B.dream梦想；C.wish愿望；D.relic遗产。根据下文“thattheirfatherleftbehind”可知，此处表示父亲留下的遗产。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分、满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Helpingoutinyourcommunityisagreatwaytoprotectourenvironment.Youcanjoinbeachcleanups,helpwithparkmaintenance(维护),orotherconservationprojects.Thisway,youmake____36____directimpactontheecosystem.Also,teachingyourlovedonesaboutenvironmentalissuescanencouragethem____37____(live)moresustainably(可持续地).It’skeytospreadthewordonthereasonfor____38____(protect)ournaturalresourcesforlastingchange.Therearemanywaystovolunteerfortheenvironment.Hundredsofeco-friendlyvolunteerchances____39____(offer)aroundtheglobe.Youcanjoingreencommunities,workwithanimals,orassistin____40____(ecology)reservesandsocialprojects.Plus,youmightgetfreeaccommodation(住宿),meals,classes,andfunactivities____41____returnforyourefforts.Youcanalsovolunteerindifferentplacesinthecountryorevenabroad.TheArborDayFoundation,NationalParkService,andYouthConservationCorpsaregroups____42____offertheseopportunities.Volunteeringletsyoumakearealdifference,learnnew____43____(skill),meetpeoplewhocareabouttheenvironment,andexperiencedifferentcultures.Everysmallaction____44____(help)protecttheenvironment.Whetherit’scleaningupacommunity,plantingtrees,____45____teachingothers,youreffortscount.So,lookinto