2025届上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1上海市金山区2025届高三下学期二模英语试卷I.Grammarandvocabulary(20分)SectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Stand-upcomedyinChinaStand-upcomedy,originatingintheUnitedStates,hasgainedglobalappeal,includinginChina.___1___thefirstChinesestand-upcomedyclubwassetupinShenzhenin2009,thisformofentertainmentwasrelativelyunknowntomostChineseaudiences.Butthegrowingpopularityofstand-upcomedyinChina___2___(demonstrate)thathumorhasnoborders.Anothertwostand-upcomedyindustryleadersinChina___3___(establish)in2014and2017respectively.WangXuebin,aprofessoratthePartySchooloftheCPC,explains___4___stand-upcomedyissopopularinChina.Accordingtohim,thecomedymatchesmodernonlinetrends.Comediansoftentalkaboutcurrentsocialissuesinshortanddirectways,___5___fitswellwiththefast-paced,shortvideospeopleenjoyonline.Thetopicsarealsocloselyrelatedtoyoungpeople,whoareakeyaudience.Headdsthatstand-upcomedyiseasytostartbecauseitdoesn’trequirespecialskills.Anyone,___6___ageorgender,cantryit.ThismakesitwidelyappealinginChina.Inaregularcomedyshow,eachcomedianusuallyperformsforabout15minutes.However,inacomedyspecial(专场)___7___(focus)ononecomedian,theperformancelastsaround60minutes.Thislongerformatrequiresmoreworkonthescript(稿),makingthecontent___8___(rich),sotheaudiencealwaysfeelsit’sworththeirtime.Stand-upcomedy,withperformers’rawpersonalstruggles___9___(transform)intouniversallyrelatablehumor,hasgrownfromsmall,undergroundclubstobecomingamainstreampartofpopularculture.Thecompetitionisintense,withnewshowsconstantlyappearingandolderonesinnovating____10____(stay)relevant.Onethingisclear:whatwasonceaniche(小众的)activityisnoweverywhereinChinaandshowsnosignsofdisappearing.【答案】1.When2.demonstrates3.wereestablished4.why5.which6.regardlessof7.focusing8.richer9.transformed10.tostay【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了脱口秀起源于美国，在中国逐渐流行，分析了其在中国受欢迎的原因、表演形式，还指出它已从小众活动成为主流文化。【1题详析】考查状语从句。句意：当2009年第一家中国脱口秀俱乐部在深圳成立时，这种娱乐形式对大多数中国观众来说还相对陌生。“thefirstChinesestandupcomedyclubwassetupinShenzhenin2009”是时间状语从句，结合语境，这里表示“当……时候”，用从属连词when引导该从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填When。【2题详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但脱口秀在中国日益增长的受欢迎程度表明幽默无国界。demonstrate(表明)是谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是“thegrowingpopularity”是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填demonstrates。【3题详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：另外两家中国脱口秀行业的领军机构分别于2014年和2017年成立。establish(建立)是谓语动词，与主语“Anothertwostandupcomedyindustryleaders”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in2014and2017respectively”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，助动词用were。故填wereestablished。【4题详析】考查宾语从句。句意：中共党校教授王学斌解释了脱口秀为什么在中国如此受欢迎。“____standupcomedyissopopularinChina”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里要表达解释的内容是“为什么”脱口秀受欢迎，用连接副词why引导该从句并在从句中作原因状语。故填why。【5题详析】考查定语从句。句意：喜剧演员经常以简短直接的方式谈论当前的社会问题，这很符合人们在网上喜欢的快节奏短视频。“____fitswellwiththefastpaced,shortvideospeopleenjoyonline”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。【6题详析】考查介词短语。句意：任何人，无论年龄和性别，都可以尝试。根据语境，这里表示“无论”年龄和性别，用介词短语regardlessof。故填regardlessof。【7题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在一场专注于一位喜剧演员的脱口秀专场中，表演持续约60分钟。“(focus)ononecomedian”作后置定语，focus(专注)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“acomedyspecial”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填focusing。【8题详析】考查形容词比较级。句意：这种较长的形式需要在剧本上做更多的工作，使内容更丰富，所以观众总是觉得很值得花时间。根据“Thislongerformatrequiresmoreworkonthescript”可知，和普通表演相比，内容会“更丰富”，用形容词rich的比较级richer，作宾语补足语。故填richer。【9题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：脱口秀将表演者真实的个人奋斗转化为普遍能引起共鸣的幽默，已经从地下小俱乐部发展成为流行文化的主流部分。“withperformers’rawpersonalstruggles(transform)intouniversallyrelatablehumor”是with的复合结构，transform(转化)是宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“performers’rawpersonalstruggles”之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填transformed。【10题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：竞争很激烈，新节目不断涌现，老节目不断创新以跟上潮流。“(stay)relevant”是“olderonesinnovating”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填tostay。SectionB(10分)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.changesB.currentC.delaysD.enclosedE.identifiableF.includeG.matchingH.movementsI.occurredJ.overridingK.worksWeneedafourthwhitetrafficlighttoeasetrafficjamsEngineersproposeaddingawhitetrafficlighttoletself-drivingcarseasetrafficjams.Studiesshowthisfourthlightcouldhelpautonomousvehicles(AVs)managetrafficflowandreducetraveltime.Normally,thefour-lightsystemworkslike___11___three-lightsystems—redmeansstop,greenmeansgo.However,whenenoughself-drivingcarsapproachacrossroads,thewhitelightactivates,___12___thestandardsignals.ThistellshumandriversthatAVsarenowdirectingvehicle___13___viawirelesscommunication.Humandriversmustsimplyfollowthecarahead—___14___itsstopsormovements.Aresearcher,Dr.Ali,said,“Our‘whitephase’concepttapsintothecomputingpowerofAVsthemselves.EntitlingsomeofthetrafficflowcontroltoAVs___15___inanyAVcase.Butwemust___16___thewhitelightconceptatcrossroadstoclarifythesituationforhumans.”Thecolourofthe‘whitelight’doesn’tmatter.What’simportantisthatthereshouldbeasignalthatisclearly___17___bydrivers.Testsshowedthatsmallimprovementsintrafficflow___18___whenaslittleas10percentofthevehiclesatacrossroadswereautonomous.DrAlisaid,“Forexample,when10percentofvehiclesareautonomous,yousee___19___reducedby3percent.When30percentareautonomous,theyarereducedby10.7percent.”WhileAVsaren’treadyforimmediateuse,researcherssayitwouldrequireonlyminor___20___tocrossroadsandAVsoftwareupdates.Criticswarnthatrelyingonhumanstofollowthe“leader”ruleposesrisks,buttheteambelievesthisbalancesinnovationwithclearcommunicationduringthetransitiontoAVs.【答案】11.B12.J13.H14.G15.K16.F17.E18.I19.C20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。工程师提议增设白交通灯助自动驾驶车疏堵，介绍其运作及效果，虽有风险但只需小改动即可实现。【11题详析】考查形容词。句意：通常情况下，四灯系统的工作方式与当前的三灯系统类似——红灯停，绿灯行。分析句子可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰“three-lightsystems”，current，表示“当前的”，符合语境，故选B。【12题详析】考查现在分词。句意：然而，当足够多的自动驾驶汽车接近十字路口时，白灯亮起，优先于标准信号。分析句子结构，这里可用现在分词作伴随状语，overriding，表示“优先于；凌驾于”，符合“白灯亮起时会优先于标准信号”的意思。故选J。【13题详析】考查名词。句意：这告诉人类司机，自动驾驶汽车现在正通过无线通信指挥车辆的移动。分析句子可知，vehicle后需要一个名词，movements，表示“移动；运动”，符合“指挥车辆移动”的语境，故选H。【14题详析】考查现在分词。句意：人类司机只需跟随前面的车——匹配它的停车或移动。分析句子结构，这里可用现在分词作伴随状语，matching，表示“匹配；与……相符”，符合“人类司机的操作要与前面车的动作相匹配”的意思。故选G。【15题详析】考查动词。句意：在任何自动驾驶情况下，将部分交通流量控制权交给自动驾驶汽车都是有效的。分析句子可知，这里需要一个动词作谓语，works，表示“起作用；有效”，符合语境。故选K。【16题详析】考查动词。句意：但我们必须在十字路口包含白灯概念，以便为人类澄清情况。分析句子可知，must后接动词原形，include，表示“包含；包括”，符合“要把白灯概念包含在十字路口的交通规则中”的意思。故选F。【17题详析】考查形容词。句意：重要的是应该有一个能被司机清楚识别的信号。分析句子可知，is后可接形容词作表语，identifiable，表示“可识别的；可辨认的”，符合“信号要能被司机清楚识别”的语境。故选E。【18题详析】考查动词。句意：测试表明，当十字路口只有10%的车辆是自动驾驶时，交通流量就会出现小幅改善。分析句子可知，这里需要一个动词作谓语，occurred，表示“发生；出现”，符合“交通流量出现改善”的语境。故选I。【19题详析】考查名词。句意：例如，当10%的车辆是自动驾驶时，你会看到延误减少了3%。分析句子可知，see后接名词作宾语，delays，表示“延误；延迟”，符合“交通延误减少”的语境。故选C。【20题详析】考查名词。句意：研究人员表示，这只需要对十字路口进行微小的改变和自动驾驶软件更新。分析句子可知，minor后应接名词，changes，表示“改变；变化”，符合“对十字路口进行小的改变”的语境。故选A。II.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Tenyearsago,KavitaFavellewasenjoyingabeertastingeventwhensheandotherbeerenthusiastswereeachgivensmallpiecesofpapertoputintheirmouths.Thebite-sizedpapercontaineda(n)___21___ofabitterchemical.Byneedingtospititout,the52-year-old___22___herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters.“Yourtastetypeisdeterminedbyhowstronglyyou___23___thisbittertaste,”saysAndrewCostanzo,expertinfoodandnutrition.“Super-tastersfindit___24___,normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall.”Whichofthesethreegroupsyoufallintocanplayaroleinwhatyouchoosetoeatwith___25___effectstohealth.Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.Onthepositiveside,thismeanstheyarelesslikelytosmokeordrinkalcohol.Onthenegativeside,theytendto___26___certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds.___27___thiswasthoughttobewhysuper-tastershaveahigherriskofsomecancersthannon-tasters,“butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.“Theyhavegenerallyless___28___dietspossiblybecausetheyaremorecarefulabouttryingnewthings.”Andthiscouldconsequentlylowertheirgenerallevelofnutritionandexposureto___29___compounds.Super-tastersalsotendtoaddmoresalttotheirfood,assalt____30____bitterness,whichmightleadtonegativehealtheffectslikeraisingbloodpressure.Mediumornormaltasterstendtohaveabroaderabilitytotastebecausetheyareneither____31____tobitter-tastingfoods,nordotheyneedtosoaktheirfoodinsaucestomakeittasty.Whilesuper-tastersavoidcertainfoods,non-tastershavetheoppositeissue.Theytendtobehigherinweightthansuper-tasters,possiblybecausetheyneedhigherquantitiesofhighfat,highsugarfoodstosatisfytheir____32____needs.Besides,thefactthattheirtasteisn’tsosensitivemightalsohavea(n)____33____influenceonimmunity(免疫力).It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.____34____,theyhadworsesymptoms(症状)whentheydid.Primarily,whatdetermineswhetheryouareasuper-tasteroranon-tasterisgenetics.Whilewecan’tchangeourgenes,wecan____35____ourtaste-budsinwaysthatmakeusfeelmorecomfortableeatingmoreofthethingsweshouldandlessofthoseweshouldn’t.Nomatterwhattypeyouare,understandingyourtastepreferencescanhelpyoualotwithyourhealth.21.A.sample B.component C.stock D.product22.A.introduced B.revealed C.adjusted D.allowed23.A.digest B.neglect C.perceive D.transform24.A.fantastic B.appealing C.nasty D.plain25.A.chain B.side C.mirror D.exposure26.A.comeupwith B.getdownto C.runawayfrom D.givewayto27.A.Originally B.Essentially C.Inevitably D.Increasingly28.A.healthy B.damaging C.controversial D.diverse29.A.additional B.organic C.chemical D.protective30.A.replaces B.hides C.strengthens D.removes31.A.accustomed B.reluctant C.familiar D.opposed32.A.emotional B.psychological C.survival D.flavour33.A.noticeable B.unpleasant C.insignificant D.temporary34.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Instead35.A.trick B.convert C.reverse D.perfect【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.D30.B31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同味觉类型对食物选择的影响，以及这些选择如何进一步影响个人的健康状况。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这块一口大小的纸里含有一种苦味化学物质的样本。A.sample样品；B.component成分；C.stock库存、股票；D.product产品。根据下文“Byneedingtospititout,the52-year-old_____herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters.”可推测，这里说的是给每个人一小片纸，里面含有一种苦味化学物质的样本，让他们品尝。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过把纸放入口中品尝并吐出这个行为，这位52岁的女士表明了自己是占人口25%的被称为“超级味觉者”的一员。A.introduced介绍；B.revealed表明、透露；C.adjusted调整、适应；D.allowed允许。根据空后“herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters”可知，通过这个行为，她表明了自己是一个超级味觉者。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：食品与营养专家AndrewCostanzo说：“你的味觉类型是由你对这种苦味的感知程度决定的。超级味觉者觉得这种苦味令人讨厌，普通味觉者对此并不介意，而25%的非味觉者则完全尝不出这种苦味。”A.digest消化、理解；B.neglect忽视；C.perceive感知、理解；D.transform转变、改造。根据下文“Super-tastersfindit_____,normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall”可知，味觉类型是由你对这种苦味的感知程度决定的。故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：食品与营养专家AndrewCostanzo说：“你的味觉类型是由你对这种苦味的感知程度决定的。超级味觉者觉得这种苦味令人讨厌，普通味觉者对此并不介意，而25%的非味觉者则完全尝不出这种苦味。”A.fantastic极好的；B.appealing有吸引力的；C.nasty令人厌恶的；D.plain普通的、简单的。根据上文“Byneedingtospititout”以及下文“normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall”可推测，超级味觉者觉得这种苦味令人讨厌，会吐掉。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你属于这三类人群中的哪一类，会影响你对食物的选择，进而对健康产生连锁反应。A.chain链条；B.side边、侧面；C.mirror镜子；D.exposure暴露。根据下文“Onthenegativeside,theytendto_____certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds._____thiswasthoughttobewhysuper-tastershaveahigherriskofsomecancersthannon-tasters,“butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.”可知，味觉类型会影响你选择吃什么，进而对健康产生连锁反应。考查短语：chaineffect，意为“连锁反应”，符合句意。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：从消极的方面来看，他们往往会远离某些含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜——但这些蔬菜也含有抗癌化合物。A.comeupwith提出、想出；B.getdownto开始做；C.runawayfrom逃离、远离；D.givewayto让步于。根据上文“Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.”可知，超级味觉者倾向于避免吃他们认为苦的食物，所以他们会远离某些含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜。故选C。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，人们认为这就是为什么超级味觉者比非超级味觉者患某些癌症的风险更高，“但事实证明，问题不止如此，”Costanzo说，“他们的饮食通常不太多样化，可能是因为他们在尝试新事物时更加谨慎。”A.Originally起初；B.Essentially本质上、基本上；C.Inevitably不可避免地；D.Increasingly越来越多地、日益地。根据下文““butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.”可推测，人们起初以为超级味觉者不吃苦的食物，所以患癌症的风险更高。但是，事实并非如此。故选A。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初，人们认为这就是为什么超级味觉者比非超级味觉者患某些癌症的风险更高，“但事实证明，问题不止如此，”Costanzo说，“他们的饮食通常不太多样化，可能是因为他们在尝试新事物时更加谨慎。”A.healthy健康的；B.damaging有害的；C.controversial有争议的；D.diverse多样化的、不同的。根据上文“Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.”以及下文“becausetheyaremorecarefulabouttryingnewthings”可知，超级味觉者的饮食通常不太多样化。故选D。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可能会因此降低他们的总体营养水平，减少他们接触保护性化合物的机会。A.additional额外的、附加的；B.organic有机的、生物的；C.chemical化学的；D.protective保护性的。根据上文“Onthenegativeside,theytendto_____certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds.”可知，超级味觉者远离的含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜含有抗癌化合物，而这减少了他们接触保护性化合物的机会。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：超级味觉者还倾向于在食物中添加更多的盐，因为盐能掩盖苦味，而这可能会导致一些负面的健康影响，比如血压升高。A.replaces替代、取代；B.hides隐藏；C.strengthens加强；D.removes移除。根据上文“Super-tastersalsotendtoaddmoresalttotheirfood”以及常理可知，超级味觉者倾向于在食物中加更多盐，因为盐能掩盖苦味。故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中等味觉者或普通味觉者往往具有更广泛的味觉能力，因为他们既不排斥苦味食物，也不需要把食物浸泡在酱汁里来让它变得美味。A.beaccustomedto习惯于……；B.bereluctantto不情愿做某事；C.befamiliarto对……而言是熟悉的；D.beopposedto反对……、排斥……。根据上文“Mediumornormaltasterstendtohaveabroaderabilitytotaste”可知，中等味觉者或普通味觉者往往具有更广泛的味觉能力。由此可推测，他们并不排斥苦味食物。故选D。【32题详析】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：他们的体重往往比超级味觉者要高，这可能是因为他们需要更多高脂肪、高糖的食物来满足他们的味觉需求。A.emotional情感的；B.psychological心理的；C.survival生存；D.flavour味道。根据上文“Whilesuper-tastersavoidcertainfoods,non-tastershavetheoppositeissue.”以及常理可知，非味觉者的味觉不敏感，由此可推测，他们摄入高脂肪、高糖的食物是为了满足他们的味觉需求。故选D。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们味觉不那么敏感这一事实，也可能对免疫力产生不良影响。A.noticeable明显的、显著的；B.unpleasant不愉快的、不好的；C.insignificant不重要的；D.temporary暂时的、临时的。根据下文“It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.”可知，他们味觉不那么敏感这个事实可能对免疫力有不好的影响。故选B。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，当他们感染时，症状也更严重。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Moreover此外；D.Instead反而。根据上文“It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.”以及下文“theyhadworsesymptoms(症状)whentheydid.”可知，上文说非超级味觉者感染新冠病毒阳性的可能性更大，而空后则指出他们的症状更严重。“moreover”表递进关系，符合语境。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们无法改变自己的基因，但我们可以用一些方法“欺骗”我们的味蕾，让我们能更自在地多吃一些我们应该吃的东西，少吃一些不应该吃的东西。A.trick欺骗；B.convert转换；C.reverse颠倒、反转；D.perfect使完美。根据上文“Whilewecan’tchangeourgenes”可知，我们无法改变自己的基因；再根据下文“thatmakeusfeelmorecomfortableeatingmoreofthethingsweshouldandlessofthoseweshouldn’t.”可知，我们可以用一些方法欺骗我们的味蕾，让我们更舒服地吃更多应该吃的东西，少吃不应该吃的东西。故选A。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whenyou’redrivingaroundthesameblock,keepingsearching,becausethere’snowheretoparkyourcar,anysuggestionthatAmericadevotestoomuchspacetoparkingmightseemfoolish.Butconsiderthis:inatypicalyear,thecountrybuildsmorethree-cargaragesthanone-bedroomapartments.Eventhecrowdedcitiesreservelotsofstreetspacetostoreprivatevehicles.Andlocallawsacrossthecountryrequirehouseandapartmentbuilderstoprovideoff-streetparking,whetherresidentsneedit.Stepbacktoassesstheresult:it’sobviousthatmoresquarefootageisdevotedtoparkingeachcarthantohousingeachperson.ThatAmericanslikedrivingishardlynews,butalltheabovetalkingisn’tfindingfaultwithcars.Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Overtheyears,citiesandtownshavetorndowngrandoldstructurestomakewayforit.Allthose9-foot-by-18-footrectanglesofasphalt(柏油路)haven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseonce-valuedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.Thismisplacedpriorityhasputthecountryinabind.Fordecades,evenasrentsrocketedandclimatechangeworsened,theprevalence(盛行)ofparkingspacesdiscouragedanyonefromnoticingtheirsocialimpact.Buttheparkingspacehasbeeneatingupourlivingspaceforsure,withorwithoutourknowledge.Hereanoptimistmaygivetheexcusethatsomeofthecountry’slargestcitieshavenochoicebuttorenegotiatetherelationshipamongpeople,cars,andparkingspaces.However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.Someofthemostconsequentialsocialproblemsaretheoneshidinginplainsight,butparkingisn’tevenhiding.It’sjusteverywhere—forustotakeseriously.36.Inwhichsectioncanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Travel. B.Features.C.Frontpage. D.Publicwelfare.37.Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.leadthecountrytotroubleB.discourageresidentsfrombuyingcarsC.annoythelocalresidentsD.weakenthecountry’soverallstrength38.Whatcanweimplyaboutparkingspace’sroleinthe20thcenturycities?A.Itfailedtomeetthegrowingparkingdemands.B.Itcompletelydominatedurbanplanningpriorities.C.Itwasanecessaryrenegotiationbythecitygovernment.D.Itunexpectedlybroughtaboutproblemstopeople’sdailylife.39.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Americashouldcontinueexpandingparkingthoughitisharmful.B.Citiesinthe21stcenturyshouldabsolutelystopbuildingmoregarages.C.Excessiveparkingspaceisdamagingthesocietysoitshouldbelimited.D.Housingandotherproblemsarenotasurgentasinsufficientparkingspace.【答案】36.D37.A38.B39.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出美国为停车分配了过多空间，这不仅破坏环境和建筑风格，还影响住房可负担性，呼吁改变规则，限制停车位。【36题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.(人们所抱怨的是停车问题——更确切地说，是我们为停车所放弃的一切。所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停车位，不仅破坏了环境和那些曾经备受珍视的建筑风格，还扰乱了住房可负担性这一至关重要的社会目标)”可推知，文章讨论了美国停车空间过多带来的一系列社会问题，如破坏环境、影响住房等，这与公共福利相关，所以文章最有可能出现在公共福利板块。故选D项。【37题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.Thismisplacedpriorityhasputthecountryinabind.(所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停车位，不仅破坏了环境和那些曾经备受珍视的建筑风格，还扰乱了住房可负担性这一至关重要的社会目标。这种错误的优先事项putthecountryinabind)”的“damaged”、“upset”和“misplacedpriority”可推知，过多的停车位带来了诸多问题，使国家陷入麻烦。所以“putthecountryinabind”意思是“让国家陷入麻烦”，与“leadthecountrytotrouble”同义。故选A项。【38题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.(然而，停车位在20世纪对城市的“占领”已然如此彻底，以至于到了21世纪，人们需要认识到相关规则必须改变，而且持续增加停车位的做法已经在削弱城市的发展，还排挤了其他方面的需求)”可推知，在20世纪，停车位完全主导了城市规划的优先事项。故选B项。【39题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.(人们所抱怨的是停车问题——更确切地说，是我们为停车所放弃的一切。所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停车位，不仅破坏了环境和那些曾经备受珍视的建筑风格，还扰乱了住房可负担性这一至关重要的社会目标)”和最后一段“However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.Someofthemostconsequentialsocialproblemsaretheoneshidinginplainsight,butparkingisn’tevenhiding.It’sjusteverywhere—forustotakeseriously.(然而，停车位在20世纪对城市的“占领”已然如此彻底，以至于到了21世纪，人们需要认识到相关规则必须改变，而且持续增加停车位的做法已经在削弱城市的发展，还排挤了其他方面的需求。一些最重要的社会问题隐藏在人们的视线中，但停车甚至没有隐藏。它无处不在，值得我们认真对待)”可推知，过多的停车位正在损害社会，应该加以限制。故选C项。(B)SteppingStonesisanonprofitofferingavarietyofwaystosupportlife-changingservicesforchildren,teenagersandadultswithdisabilities.Since1963,SteppingStoneshashelpedpeoplewithdisabilitiesinOhiofindpathstoindependencethatimprovetheirlivesandenablethemtomorefullyparticipateintheircommunities.Today,SteppingStonesoffersavarietyofyear-roundprogramsandservesmorethan1,100childrenandadultswithdisabilitiesatfourprogramlocations.

WanttoSupportSteppingStones?BrowseopportunitiestosupportSteppingStones’programsbelow.AnnualFundTheAnnualGivingFundisestablishedtohelpSteppingStonesmeettheincreasingandchangingneedsoftheextraordinarypeopleweserve.SteppingStonesdependsonfundraisinggrantsandgiftstotheAnnualGivingFundtobalancethebudget.TheAnnualGivingFunddonationsareusedforavarietyofimportantprogramslikeCampershipstoSummerCamp,AdultDayServicesetc.EndowmentsTheEndowmentFundisestablishedforrestrictedgiftsforthelong-termsupportoftheobjectivesandmissionofSteppingStones.TheFundisaseparatefundofcash,securitiesandotherassets(资产)thatareheldasrestrictedfundswithinthegeneralassetsofSteppingStones.Endowmentgiftsareoftenintheformofcashorsecuritiesbutalsomayincludegiftsofrealestate,appreciatedpropertyandplannedgivingoptions.Endowmentgiftscanbepaidoveraperiodofyearsandmaybedesignated(指定)forspecificnamedfundsandscholarships.Gifts-in-KindDoyouhaveaproduct,serviceorotheritemthatcouldbenefitSteppingStones?YoumaydonateitasaGift-in-Kind.Non-cashgiftscanincludedesignorprintingservices,advertisingspace,food,beverages,books,eventauctionitems,officeequipmentorotheritems.MatchingGiftsAgreatwaytoincreaseyourdonationtoSteppingStonesisthroughyouremployer.Manycompaniesofferamatchinggiftprogramtotheiremployees,directors,employees’husbandsorwivesasanaddedbenefit.Withtheseprograms,acompanywillmatchanemployee’sgifttocharitableandeducationalorganizations.ContactyourHumanResourcesofficetoseeifyourcompanyhasamatchinggiftsprogramthatcanbeusedtomatchyourcontributiontoSteppingStones.40.Whatcanwelearnabout“endowmentgifts”toSteppingStones?A.Theyareusedimmediately.B.Theyshouldbeintheformofcash.C.Theycanbereservedforaparticularpurpose.D.Theyaremainlyusedfordailyoperationalexpenses.41.XiaoLiwantstodonatehisbonustoSteppingStones.Whichprogramwillmaximizehisdonation?A.Annualfund. B.MatchingGifts.C.Endowments. D.Gifts-in-kind.42.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TointroducethehistoryofSteppingStones.B.ToshowtheimportanceofSteppingStones.C.TopresentvariouswaystosupportSteppingStones.D.TodescribetheprogramsofferedbySteppingStones.【答案】40.C41.B42.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非营利组织SteppingStones的使命、服务内容以及支持该组织的方式，包括年度基金、捐赠基金、实物捐赠和配对捐赠等。【40题详析】推理判断题。根据文章表格Endowments部分中的“TheEndowmentFundisestablishedforrestrictedgiftsforthelong-termsupportoftheobjectivesandmissionofSteppingStones.(捐赠基金是为了接受限定用途的捐赠而设立的，用于对“垫脚石”的目标和使命进行长期支持)”以及“Endowmentgiftscanbepaidoveraperiodofyearsandmaybedesignated(指定)forspecificnamedfundsandscholarships.(捐赠基金的款项可以在数年时间内分期支付，并且可以指定用于特定的命名基金和奖学金项目)”可知，捐赠基金可以指定用于特定的命名基金和奖学金，即可以为特定目的预留。故选C。【41题详析】推理判断题。根据文章表格MatchingGifts部分中的“AgreatwaytoincreaseyourdonationtoSteppingStonesisthroughyouremployer.Manycompaniesofferamatchinggiftprogramtotheiremployees,directors,employees’husbandsorwivesasanaddedbenefit.Withtheseprograms,acompanywillmatchanemployee’sgifttocharitableandeducationalorganizations.(增加你对“垫脚石”捐赠金额的一个好办法是通过你的雇主来实现。许多公司为其员工、董事、员工的配偶提供配对捐赠项目，作为一项额外福利。通过这些项目，公司会对员工向慈善和教育机构的捐赠进行等额匹配)”可知，通过雇主的配对捐赠项目，公司会对员工向慈善和教育机构的捐赠进行等额匹配，所以小李通过这个项目捐赠奖金，公司会匹配相同金额，能使他的捐赠最大化。故选B。【42题详析】推理判断题。文章开篇“SteppingStonesisanonprofitofferingavarietyofwaystosupportlife-changingservicesforchildren,teenagersandadultswithdisabilities.(“垫脚石”是一家非营利组织，它提供多种方式来支持为残障儿童、青少年和成年人提供的改变人生的服务项目)”介绍了“SteppingStones”是一个非营利组织，接着简述了其自1963年以来的发展情况和服务内容。然后以“WanttoSupportSteppingStones?”引出下文，详细介绍了支持“SteppingStones”的多种方式，包括年度基金、捐赠基金、实物捐赠和配对捐赠。也就是说，文章的主体部分就是在介绍不同的支持方式。故选C。(C)Intoday’sdigitalage,itischallengingtogoaboutdailylifewithouthearingthetermartificialintelligence(AI)mentioned.AIentersconversationsinalmosteveryindustry.ThisAIrevolution(革命)reliesonincreasingdatacentercapacity,thephysicallocationsequippedwiththecomputingserversneededtopowerthistechnology.Withsuchexpensiveandtemperature-sensitivetechnologyunderoneroof,thesefacilitiesrequirebuildingproductswithreliableinsulatingpropertiesthatcaneffectivelyhousetheseinnovativesystemstokeepthemrunningsmoothly.Reliabilityiswhereinsulatedmetalpanels(IMPs)entertheconversation.IMPshaveproveneffectivebuildingmaterialsfordatacentersnationwide.Datacentersrequirealotofenergytofunction.Onaverage,aChatGPTquestionneeds10time