高二年级第二次阶段性测试英语试卷

江苏省通州高级中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级第二次阶段性测试英语试卷出卷人：审核人：第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Fixtheseats. B.Repairalight. C.Replaceawindow.2.Whatwillthespeakersdotonight?A.Playmobilegames. B.Watchamovie. C.Dotheirhomework.3.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Askingtheway. B.Puttingupasign. C.Walkingtothepark.4.Whatdoesthemanfeelregretfulfor?A.Losingtouchwithfriends.B.Havingsomebadmemories.C.Rememberinglittleaboutchildhood.5.WhereisTom?A.Atagarden. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atasupermarket.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanneedmostnow?A.Biscuits. B.Water. C.Apples.7.Whichplacewillthespeakersgonext?A.Toaforest. B.Toashop. C.Toahill.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakersgoingattheweekend?A.Toagolfcourse. B.Toafarm. C.Tothetown.9.Whyarethespeakersmakingtheplan?A.Totakearest. B.Totalkaboutbusiness. C.Tocelebrateabirthday.10.Whenarethespeakersleaving?A.OnFridaymorning. B.OnFridayafternoon. C.OnFridayevening.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatpictureisontheman’sshirt?A.Afamouscity. B.Adog. C.Aband.12.Whenwastheman’sgrandfatherprobablyborn?A.In1950. B.In1951. C.In1961.13.WhatdoweknowaboutThreeDogNight?A.Theychangedtheirname.B.Theymainlyplayedpopmusic.C.TheyonceworkedwithRedwood.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisinterview?A.Abitworried.B.Greatlyconfident.C.Terriblydisappointed.15.WhydidthewomanapplytotheUniversityofMichigan?A.It’sherdreamuniversity.B.Herfatherwantshertogothere.C.Shebelievesit’sagreatmedicalschool.16.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?A.Areporter. B.Ateacher. C.Adoctor.17.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates. B.Strangers. C.Classmates.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatfoodisrichinvitaminD?A.Bones. B.Oilycake. C.Cheese.19.A.30%. B.46%. C.72%.20.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?A.Anintroductiontocancer.B.Differenttreatmentsforcancer.C.VitaminD’sbenefitforpeoplewithacertaincancer.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInagrowingnumberofschools,educatorsbelievethathavingstudentstakepartbystartingwithpracticalproblemsisagreatmotivator.Project-basedlearningthatfreelycrossesdisciplinesprovidesaneducationsuperiortothetraditional“mathsatagenine,historyatten,literatureateleven”structure.Examplesofprojectsapplicabletothehereandnowareasfollows:SoilSuperheroesProjectKingMiddleSchool,MaineAfricanWildlifeDNAProjectHighTechHigh,CaliforniaSeventhgraderslearnaboutsoilbacteria(细菌)bycreatingmultimediainformationbrochures.Theyconsultprofessionalmicrobiologistsandcartoonists,conductresearch,andthendistributetheirworkstolocalgardencentersandflowershops.AneleventhgradebiologyclassusesDNAtohelpprotectAfricanwildlife.Thestudentssharetheirfindingswithwildlife-protectionofficialsandhavetraveledtoTanzaniatoleadbushmeat-identificationworkshops.WaterWheelProjectFerrywaySchool,MassachusettsBridgeProjectKentuckyElementarySchool,OhioFifth-gradersexplorehistory,science,technology,andengineeringbydesigningtheirownwaterwheels.BythetimetheyvisitthenearbySaugusIronWorks,whichdatesbacktothe1640s,they'vealreadytestedandmasteredthecenturies-oldtechnology.Studentsconductsurveys,doresearch,buildmodelsandtakefieldtripswiththegoalofdeterminingthebestkindofnewbridgetobuildovertheOhioRiver.Studentsdon'trestrictthemselvestoonedisciplinebutratherlookintomaths,literature,history,science—whateverisappropriatetothestudy.21.Whatisthecharacteristicofproject-basedlearning?A.Followingstrictdisciplines.B.Engaginginreal-worldissues.C.Startingsubjectsatdifferentages.D.Adoptingteacher-centeredclassmodes.22.Whichprojectincludesafieldtriptoahistoricsite?A.SoilSuperheroesProject. B.AfricanWildlifeDNAProject.C.WaterWheelProject. D.BridgeProject.23.WhatishighlightedinBridgeProject?A.Convenience.B.Integration.C.Efficiency.D.Popularity.BImagineancientmathematicianscarvingsymbolsontowoodenblocks.Withoutaconceptofzero,howwouldtheircalculationsoperate?ForcivilizationslikeEgyptandGreece,zerohadnoplaceintheirframeworkandtheyreliedoncontextualunderstandingintheirmathematicalexpressions.GreekmathematicianssuchasAristotleevenquestionedtheverynatureofzero,strugglingtodefine“nothing”inamathematicalsense.Theabsenceofzeromeantthatancientarithmetic(算术)wasfarmorecomplexandrestrictedinitscapabilities.ThefirstclearrecordeduseofzeroasafigureappearedinancientIndiaaroundthe5thcenturyCE.Brahmagupta,anIndianmathematician,formalizedtheconceptofzeroinhisworkBrahmasphutasiddhanta(628CE).Hedescribedzeroasanumberandestablishedrulesforarithmeticoperationsinvolvingzero.Forexample,hedefinedaddingzerotoanumberdoesnotchangeitsvalue,andmultiplyinganynumberbyzeroresultsinzero.Indianscholarsrecognizedzero’spotentialasanumber,pavingthewayformodernmathematicalsystems.Followingfromthis,theadoptionofzerorevolutionizedmathematicsandzeroextendsbeyondpuremathematics.Inthe1600s,IsaacNewtonandGottfriedWilhelmLeibniz,thefoundersofcalculus(微积分),builttheirtheoriesaroundthefundamentalroleofzero.Laterinphysics,theconceptofabsolutezerorepresentsthelowestpossibletemperature.IntheDigitalAge,zeroiskeytocomputerscienceanddigitaltechnology.Binarycode,thefoundationofallcomputingsystems,isbasedonsequences(序列)ofOsand1s.Withoutzero,thedigitalrevolution,includingeverythingfromsmartphonestoartificialintelligence,wouldnotbepossible.Zeromayappeartobeasimpleconcept,butitsjourney—fromanancientIndianinnovationtoaglobalcornerstone—revealshow“nothing”transformedcivilization.Ithasreshapedmathematics,science,andtechnology,provingthatevenemptinessholdslimitlesspower.24.Whatdidtheabsenceofzerobringaboutinancienttimes?A.Theslowdevelopmentofmaths.B.Doubtsaboutancientcivilizations.C.Thelowlevelofhumanintelligence.D.Misreadingsaboutmathematicallanguage.25.WhatcontributionsdidBrahmaguptamakeconcerningzero?A.Recordingitsfirstuse.B.Promotingitsfurtherspread.C.Settingupitsoperationrules.D.Changingitsoriginalconcept.26.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thefutureofzero. B.Thenatureofzero.C.Theinfluenceofzero. D.Thehistoryofzero.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthejourneyofzero?A.Zeroishero. B.Everythingisnothing.C.Zerorulestheworld. D.Mathscomesfromnothing.CThedebateoverbirthorderandpersonalitytraits(特性)hasbeenongoingforoveracentury.Afterdecadesofcontestedclaims,ahandfulofrecentstudiesfoundtherewaslittleevidenceformeaningfuldifferences.Butinastudypublishedlastweek,psychologistshavepushedbackandclaimthereisaneffectafterall.Inoneofthelargeststudieseverconductedonbirthorder,familysizeandpersonality,Canadianresearchersgathereddatafrommorethan700,000volunteersandfoundthatonaverage,middlechildrenscoredhigherthantheirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)ontraitsseenasimportantforcooperation.Scoresforthesametraitswerealsohigherinfamilieswithmorechildren,suggestingthatpeoplemaybemorelikelytodevelopacooperativepersonalitywhentheyareraisedaspartofabiggergroup.MichaelAshton,firstauthorofthestudy,notedthatindividualswithmoresiblingsweremorelikelytodevelopcooperativepersonalities.“Acommonsensepossibilityisthatwhenonehasmoresiblings,onemustmorefrequentlycooperateratherthanactonselfishpreferences.Thisongoingsituationmightthenpromotethedevelopmentofcooperativetendenciesgenerally".Researchershaveguessedabouttheimpactofbirthorderformorethanacentury.In1874,thepolymathFrancisGalton,theyoungestofninesiblings,gatheredhistoriesonagroupofEnglishscientistsandfounda

largeproportionwerefirstborns.Hesuspectedtheeldestreceivedmoreattentionfromtheirparents,propellingthemtogreaterintellectualheights.Decadeslater,theAustrianpsychologistAlfredAdlerclaimedfirstbornswereoftenconscientiousandresponsible,whiletheyoungestmightbecomeindependentandcreativeastheylookedforwaystostandout.ThisnewresearchlendssomecredencetoAdler’sview,showingthatmiddlechildrenmayindeedbemorecooperativeduetotheuniquepositiontheyholdinthefamilydynamic.Theyareoftenrequiredtobalancetheneedsofbothyoungerandoldersiblings,fosteringskillslikenegotiationandcompromise.28.What’sthefindingoftheCanadianstudy?A.Siblingsarebornthesame.B.Middlechildrenshineincooperation.C.Birthorderhaslittleimpactonpersonality.D.Alargefamilycontributestosiblingharmony.29.WhatareMichaelAshton’swordsaimedat?A.Offeringanexplanation. B.Forecastingaglobaltrend.C.Presentinganewargument. D.Defendinghisresearchfinding.30.Whatdoesparagraph5ofthetextmainlyfocuson?A.Applicationsoftheresearchfinding.B.PasttheoriestheCanadianstudybuildson.C.Previousstudiesontheimpactofbirthorder.D.Furtherexplanationsoftheresearchmethods.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“credence”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Denial. B.Pardon. C.Confusion. D.Acceptance.DResearchersledbyJosieHughesintheCREATELabinEPFL’sSchoolofEngineeringwantedtodeveloparobotthatcouldgoacrossdiverseenvironmentsasskillfullyasanimalsbychangingformonthefly.WithGOAT(GoodOverAllTerrains)theyhaveachievedjustthat—andcreatedanewmodelforroboticmovementandcontrolintheprocess.“WhilemostrobotscomputetheshortestpathfromAtoB,GOATconsidersthetravelpatternaswellasthepathtobetaken,”Hughesexplains.“Forexample,insteadofgoingaroundanobstaclelikeastream,GOATcanswimstraightthrough.Ifitspathishilly,itcanpassivelyrolldownhilllikeaballtosavebothtimeandenergy,andthenactivelydriveasarover(漫游者)whenrollingisnolongerbeneficial.”Todesigntheirrobot,theCREATEteamtookinspirationfromacrosstheanimalkingdom,includingspidersandkangaroos.Theteam’sbioinspiredapproachledtoadesignthatishighlycompliant(顺应的),meaningitadaptsinresponsetointeractionwithitsenvironment,ratherthanremainingunchangeable.ThisallowsGOATtoactivelyalteritsshapetochangeitspassiveproperties,whichrangefrommoreflexibleinits‘rover’modeltostrongerasaball.CREATELabPhDstudentMaxPolzinexplainsthatcompliancealsoallowsGOATtonavigatewithminimalsensingequipment.Withonlyasatellitenavigationsystemandadeviceformeasuringtherobot’sowndirection,GOATcarriesnocamerasonboard.“Itdoesn’tneedcomplexsensing.Itcanusetheenvironment,evenwithverylimitedknowledgeofit,tofindthebestpath,”Polzinsays.Futureresearchincludesimprovedalgorithms(算法)tohelpwithGOAT’sdesign.Lookingahead,theresearchersseemanypotentialapplicationsfortheirdevice,fromenvironmentalmonitoringtodisasterresponse.32.WhatkeyfeaturedistinguishesGOAT?A.Rollingdownhilllikeaball.B.CalculatingtheshortestA-to-Bpath.C.Navigatingobstaclessuchasstreams.D.Efficientadaptationtovariedterrains.33.WheredidGOAT’sdesignersfindtheirsolution?A.Frompreviousrobots. B.Fromotherresearches.C.Fromotherspecies. D.Fromedginginformation.34.InwhichfieldwillGOATprobablybeapplied?A.Education. B.Climate. C.Finance. D.Medicine.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheFutureApplicationsofGOATB.TheDevelopmentofaNewRobot:GOATC.GOAT:ARobotforDiverseEnvironmentsD.HowGOATSavesTimeandEnergyinTravel七选五（每题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoOvercomeChallengesWhenLearningfromFailureFailureisabitterpilltoswallow,isn’tit?But,it’softeninthemostdifficultmoments,intheashesofdefeat,thatwefindourgreatestopportunitiesforgrowth.36Thisguidewilllookintothecommonchallengesassociatedwithlearningfromfailureandhowtoovercomethem.•DealingwithemotionalstressandburnoutFailureoftencomeswithaheavyemotionalburden.37Thefirststepinovercomingthischallengeisacknowledgingtheseemotions.It’sokaytofeeldisappointed—butdon’tletyourfailuredefineyou.Instead,viewitasatemporarysetback,notanendpoint.•MaintainingfocusandvisionAfterafailure,it’seasytolosesightofyouroriginalvision.Butmaintainingyourfocusonyourlong-termgoalsiscritical.Takeastepback,reflectonyourvision,andrearrangeyourstrategiesaccordingly.Yes,youmightneedtoadjustyourplansortimelines,butdon’tletfailureruinyouroverallvision.38•ContinuouslearningandskilldevelopmentThegreatestlessonfromfailureistheopportunitytolearn.

Developagrowthmindset

andinvestincontinuouslearning—attendworkshops,readbooks,ortakeonlinecourses.39Analyzeyourmistakes,drawlessons,andusethoseinsightstorefineyourstrategies.Witheachfailure,you’rebeginningwithmoreexperience.•Acceptingfailureasapathwaytosuccess40It’smerelyadetourontheroadtosuccess.Itoffersanincomparableopportunityforgrowthandinnovation.Byaddressingthesechallengeswiththerightmindset,youcantransformyoursetbacksintocomebacksandtransformfailureintoyourstepping-stonetowardssuccess!A.Don’tforgetthatfailureitselfisateacher.B.Learningfromfailurecanbecomplicated.C.Tostrikethisbalance,makedata-drivendecisions.D.Failureisnottheoppositeofsuccess—it’sapartofit.E.Youcanadapttochangesandavoidthesamemistakes.F.Youkickedoffthisjourneyforareason—holdontothat.G.Feelingsofinadequacy,stress,andfearcanquicklyleadtoburnout.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iusedtobe20kgoverweightandunfit.Afterstrugglingwithmy41allmylife,Ifinallysawadietitian.Ilost20kginninemonths.Myself-esteem(自尊)increasedandIhadmore42forlife.Losingtheweightmadeahugedifferencetomyabilityto43myselfanddomore.At54,I44a14-daytrek(旅行)toNepal.I’doncebeenabig45—IleftAustraliaattheageof23anddidn’treturnuntilIwas31,backpackingandlivingonthesmellofanoilyragforyears.Itfeltliketimeto46withtravel.ThatNepaltrekwasthebeginningofmy47forremotelandsandlong-distancewalking.Igotfitterandstronger.Iloved48inremotecountries,seeingwideopenspaces,fallingintoatenteverynightandsleeping10hours.Thenonsenseofmylifewas49.Therewasnothingto50exceptputtingonefootinfrontoftheotherand51theday.At70,I’mstillouttherehiking.Overthepast10yearsIhavedonesome52stuff:Nepal,SouthAmerica,AfricaandMongolia.Themore53,theharder,thebetter.Iworkhardatcreatinganinteresting54formyself.Icontinuetothinkbig,to55myself,tosettargetsthatIcannotimagineIcanmake.A.budget B.weight C.study D.identityA.energy B.help C.duty D.concernA.relax B.protect C.push D.expressA.droppedoutof B.signedupfor C.cutdownon D.thoughtbacktoA.dreamer B.consumer C.dealer D.travellerA.reconnect B.break C.wrestle D.liveA.passion B.greed C.respect D.talentA.volunteering B.working C.hiking D.settlingA.critical B.troublesome C.impressive D.forgottenA.leavebehind B.thinkabout C.weighup D.makeoutA.wasting B.saving C.celebrating D.finishingA.tough B.pleasant C.plain D.safeA.civilized B.remote C.diverse D.populousA.life B.job C.story D.bondA.amuse B.comfort C.accept D.challenge第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shouldyouorshouldyounotbecomeanartist?Itisonethatyoumustdecideentirelyforyourself;allthatIcandoistobringunderyournoticesomematerialsofthat56(decide).Iwillbegin,asIshallprobablyconclude,byassuringyouthatalldependsonthevocation.Toknow57youlikeisthebeginningofwisdom.Youthis58(whole)experimental.Theessenceofthoseanxiousyearsisignoranceofselfandlife.Theyoungmanbringsthesetwounknownstogetherrepeatedly,nowwiththegentlesttouch59nowwithabitterhug.Ifheisasensitiveperson60easilygetscarriedaway,theinterestoftheseexperimentsgrowsbeyondmerepleasure.Hisrewardis61(confirm)hisexistenceandtastelife’svariety.Ifyousensesuch62decisivepassion,donothesitate.Observethatthepassionmaynotburnconstantlyatfirst.Habitsharpenstalent;thenecessityofhardworkgrowslessdisgusting,63(grow)evenwelcomeinthecourseofyears;asmalltastedevelops64anexclusivepassion.Timewilldotherestifdevotionhelpsit;andsoonyoureverythought65(absorb)inthatbelovedoccupation.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文(满分15分)66.假定你是学校英语俱乐部的成员李明,为了引起同学们对文化遗产的关注与保护,你校英文俱乐部上周末组织大家去参观了市里的一处文化遗产,请你在校英文报上写一个活动总结,内容包括:（1）介绍此次活动;（2）保护文化遗址的建议。注意:（1）写作词数应为80个左右;（2）可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。