阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧课件-高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

Welcome!细节题解题

—细心就能做对Spotthedifferences大家来找茬教育部2024高考大纲：

阅读理解部分“要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义；（4）作出简单判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。高考英语阅读理解题考查方式词义猜测题主旨大意题推理判断题细节理解题细节理解题的题型考察占比最大占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点年份卷别体裁题目类型细节理解推理判断词句猜测主旨大意2023全国乙卷应用文·记叙文说明文·说明文8610全国甲卷应用文·记叙文说明文·说明文58112022全国乙卷应用文·夹叙夹议文说明文·说明文7611全国甲卷应用文·说明文记叙文·夹叙夹议文9213新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文·说明文说明文·说明文67112021全国乙卷应用文·说明文记叙文·说明文7512全国甲卷说明文·说明文记叙文·议论文6612新高考全国Ⅰ卷应用文·记叙文说明文·议论文9312考情分析稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你02综合信息题近三年细节理解题考情分析考点要求考题统计考情分析直接信息题3年8考【命题规律】根据新高考三年的考情分析，细节理解题主要集中考查：直接信息题、间接信息题；数字计算题。【命题预测】2024年高考还会集中考查细节理解的这三种形式，而且细节理解题仍然占阅读理解的较高比重。间接信息题3年37考数字计算题3年3考2细节理解题的常见设问方式01.特殊疑问句形式what,which,who,when,where,why（6ws）和howmuch/many等疑问词引出的问题。02.判断是非形式含有TRUE/FALSE/NotTRUE或EXCEPT等的判断是非的问题。此时要注意题干中是否有否定词，如not,never等。

03.用“Accordingto”进行的提问形式。04.填空形式如The

biggestchallengeformostmothersisfrom_______.细节理解题选项特征(内容符合原文，但和题干不搭边);

(符合常识但不是文章的内容，答非所问);

(与原文内容及其相似，只是在某个细节处有变动)（与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反）（部分正确部分错误）简化归纳原文信息使用同义词或变换词性语态

以偏概全（以文章个别细节词冒充关键词）正确答案的特征①正确答案经常与中心思想有关。②正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。③从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some.④正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。错误答案的特征第一大层次：①无中生有(未提及的概念);②正反混淆(选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);③所答非所问(虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边)第二大层次：①过分绝对;②扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);③因果倒置;④常识判断;⑤推得过远;⑥偏离中心;1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutexercise?A．Onlineexerciseismuchbetter.Honestly，youdon’tevenneedtogotoagym，becausetherearedifferentkindsofexerciseonline。命题句B．Takingexerciseinagymisuseless.C．Wemustspendalotoftimeonexercise.D．Itisimportanttochooseexercisethatishelpfultous.Youcanevenstretch(伸展)for15minuteseveryday.Justchoosewhateverworksforyou.Exercisecanimproveourabilitytosleep，reducestress(压力)andmakeushealthy.错误类型示例

同意换说

无中生有

颠倒是非

曲解文意D

InhersuccessfulblogposttitledTheJobIHaveSpenttheLastYearLearningIsNottheOneIWillHave,authorJennySuranestates,“Printisanexpensiveproducttolove.Andgeneralmanagers,publishersandeditorsmustnowfigureoutaprofitablewaytogettheirnewsintoreaders’heads.”Shegoesontostatethatpeopledon’tfeellikepickingupanewspapernowandwouldratherscroll(滚屏)throughtheirTwitterfeed,andgetnewsfrommanydifferentsources.2．WhatinformationisconveyedinJenny’sblogpost?A．Twitterisnotverypopular.B．Itishardtomanageonlinejournalism.C．Printstillhasitsownadvantages.D．Peoplehavemoreoptions(选择)togetinformation.错误选项特征1.张冠李戴

(内容符合原文，但和题干不搭边);2.无中生有(符合常识但不是文章的内容);3.曲解文意(与原文内容及其相似，只是在某个细节处有变动)4.颠倒是非（与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反）5.正误参半（部分正确部分错误）6.以偏概全（以文章个别细节词冒充关键词）偷换主语曲解文意无中生有

同意换说1、精确定位关键词3、细致分析理解比对2、锁定文中定位区域4、排除干扰，得出答案英语阅读中细节理解题解题技巧一定二找三比对技法一直接信息题——定位比对找答案

直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。设问方式多为以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。解此类试题常用“定位比对”法。解题流程如下：1.直接信息题解题策略直接定位法2022全国甲卷阅读A篇StDavid’sHallStDavid’sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartofCardiff’sentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,StDavid’sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.

Itpresentsliveentertainment,

includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,worldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusic.TheHayes,CardiffCF101AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk21.WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted?A.AttheNewTheatre. B.AttheGleeClub.C.AtShermanCymru. D.AtStDavid’sHall.1.直接信息题解题策略直接定位法2021·新高考卷I阅读BByday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova-notasamusicianbutasherpageturner.“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”24.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.ReadMusicB.PlaythepianoC.SingsongsD.Fixtheinstruments.技法二间接信息题——同义转换定答案

间接信息题常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，会涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题语境。解此类试题常用“同义转换”法。解题流程如下：2.间接信息题解题策略“分析、概括、归纳”法2022·全国甲·B篇

Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia，havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild，thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment，cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape，andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.2.间接信息题解题策略“分析、概括、归纳”法2021全国Ⅰ卷A篇CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,DCDuration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforDCnewcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,DCinahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.

B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.

D.Enjoyinterestingstories.错误选型类型：曲解文意/以偏概全2.间接信息题解题策略“分析、概括、归纳”法2018年全国Ⅲ卷·34…ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtime…Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toshowaparent’slove.C.Totrainhisattention.D.Tohelphimstartahobby.技法三数字计算题——整合推算得答案

数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。设问方式以when，inwhichyear，howmany/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。解题流程如下：3.数字计算题解题策略加减乘除法2022年全国乙卷阅读AAdmission

￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4.

B.￡8.

C.￡12.

D.￡16.3.数字计算题解题策略加减乘除法2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6，800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1，000;Africa2，400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3，200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6，000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400.C.About2,400. D.About1,200.4.综合信息题“分析、概括、归纳”法2021·全国乙卷阅读AAllthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.·Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150，000.Opened：May1，1989.·MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107，601.Opened：October1,1927.·BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity：106，572.Opened：September17，1960.·OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity：104，944.Opened：October7,1922.·KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity：102，512.Opened：September24，1927.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium. B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium. D.KyleField.

规范答题提高正确率1.实践细节理解题解题技巧2.规范答题（卷面要求：圈出题干定位词；勾画出命题句并

注明题号；在错误选项表述错误处画×）3.积累词汇扩大词汇量（词汇积累仅限题干、选

项和命题句中的生词；每篇文章积累至少8个以

上词汇或短语并注明汉语意思）left备考指南1.以读攻读。阅读在高考中占的比重非常大，常有人说“得阅读者得高考”。要阅读得高分，必须通过大量的阅读才可实现。因此，在复习的过程中要坚持每天阅读，至少一篇，基础好的可多篇。而且要读懂，要消化，要抄录你遇到的“生词”，并有意识地去记。2.得词汇者得阅读。读懂文章的前提是词汇过关，词汇又可在阅读中得到巩固。因此，为阅读过关要猛攻词汇，为词汇过关要疯狂阅读。3.掌握解题技巧，轻松应对高考。March6th

ThamesIslandsbyMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames?A.MirandaVickers.

B.MalcolmTucker.C.ChrisLewis. D.LizPayne.Directinformation1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇节选）GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.23.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery.

D.DamSquare.Directinformation【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.(旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。2.【2023年全国乙卷A篇】（节选）PRACTITIONERSRebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.Directinformation23.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?AJacquelineFelicedeAlmania. B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry. D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【答案】D【解析】运用“跳读法”，就可以迅速在文章最后一个人物介绍的第二句原词出现thefirstAfricanAmericanwoman，可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一个拥有医学学位的非裔美国人。Howtodealwithit?Step1：Findthe__________ofthequestion.Step2：___________therelevantinformationinthetext

throughskimmingandscanning.Step3:Comparetheinformationanddeterminethe

answer.ConclusionkeywordsLocateCalculation数字计算细节理解题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，从数学的角度讲，计算都比较小，计算容易。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些暗信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是这类题的关键。Commonquestions:Howlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrive…?Howmuchshouldhepaytovisit…?Howmanylanguagesarespokenby…?CalculationADMISSIONAdult：￡4.90Child：￡2.20Family：￡12.00（2adults+upto3children）Howmuchistheadmissionforafamilyoftwogrown-upsandtwochildren？A.￡9.80B.￡12.00C.￡14.20D.￡16.40稿定PPT02

Prices（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇）Calculation2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.【答案】C稿定PPT022.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解A篇节选）

ExplorersCamp•Fulldaycampforkidsaged5-13.•Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.Week1|July8-1223．Week2|July15-19Week3|July22-26•Registerforasingleweekormultipleweeks.•Fees:$365perweek.•Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune15.CampStructureThedayisdividedintotwothematicsessionsperagegroup.Campershaveathree-hourmorningclassengagingwithamorningtheme(9amto12noon)andaone-hourlunchbreak,followedbyanotherthree-hourclassengagingwithanafternoontheme(1pmto4pm).Snackperiodsareheldthroughouttheday.Allcampersshouldbringtheirownbaggedlunchandsnacks.

1.Howmanyhoursofclasswillyouhavealtogetherifyouregisterforasingleweek?A．15.

B．21. C．30.

D．42.Calculation

Specialwords:

decade

a.折扣

fortnightb.二十

double

c.十年

couple

d.减价

score

e.十二

dozen

f.两个

offg.两周

discounth.两倍

CalculationIndirectinformationCommonquestions:1.Accordingtotheauthor/passage,…2.Whatcanwelearnabout…?3.Which

of

the

following

statements

is

correct/true?4.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?Tips:Step1:阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息；Step2:定位题干关键词的转换形式；Step3:利用正确选项特征，确定答案。Whatformscanthekeywordsbetransformedinto?Confucius...assumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatmake

menstandout.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelieved...WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.Family B.Potential

C.KnowledgeD.Community近义词SynonymIndirectinformation稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你021.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇节选）CThegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Indirectinformation稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你02()28.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.(这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。Indirectinformation稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你022.（2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解B篇节选）Terri,whonowrentsahouse