2025届河南省郑州市第二中学英语八下期末检测试题含答案

2025届河南省郑州市第二中学英语八下期末检测试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、InBritain,peoplewon’ttouchyouorpushpastyouifyou’re________.A.ontheirway B.intheirway C.bytheway D.inthisway2、—It’skind________himtohelpmewithmystudy.—Yes,heisalwayskind________everyone.A.for,of B.of,to C.to,of D.to,to3、—________Iusethecomputer,Mom?—Yes,youcan.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.Would B.Should C.Must D.Can4、—Letmehavearestfirst.I’m________towalkanyfurther.—Comeon!Weonlyhavefivekilometersleft.A.weakenough B.tooweak C.quiteweak D.soweak5、—DoesJimenjoyhisstayinChina?—Yes.NotonlyJimbutalsoLucy________quiteafewwonderfulcitiessincetheycametoChina.A.willvisit B.visited C.hasvisited D.havevisited6、ZhangGuimei________asateacherinYunnanProvincesince1990.A.works B.hasworked C.isworking D.willwork7、Thecatfelloffthetreeandhurt________.A.himself B.herself C.itself D.myself8、—I’dlikesomepancakesforlunch.—I’msorry,sir.They________onlyforbreakfast.A.areserved B.areserving C.willserve D.haveserved9、Icouldn’tfindmyaunt’shousebecauseshegavemeawrong________.A.address B.answer C.name10、—Canyoucometodayortomorrow?—I’mafraid________ispossible.Howaboutthedayaftertomorrow?A.neither B.either C.none D.any二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、Totellyouthet________,IlikeEnglishbetterthananyothersubject.12、Mr.GreenhaslivedinHangzhous________2000andithasbeen23yearssofar.13、Therearefourseasonsinayear,s________,summer,autumnandwinter.14、你想感叹时间过得飞快，可以这么说：_______________________________________________________________!15、Shenzhou-16launchedonMay30,2023.It’sanother__________tryinspaceindustry.（success）三、补全对话（10分）16、阅读对话，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案完成对话。A:Hello,John.Icalledyousomanytimesyesterday,butyoudidn’tanswer.___1___B:Sorry,Mary.Ileftmyphoneathome.Iwenttoseethedoctor.A:___2___B:Ihaveasoreback.Don’tworry,I’mfeelingbetternow.Bytheway,whydidyoulookforme?A:Ihadsometroubleingettingonwellwithmynewteachersandclassmates.___3___B:Whydon’tyoucommunicatemorewiththem?Communicationisausefulwaytoknoweachother.A:Iwillhaveatry.Thanksforyouradvice.B:___4___Ihavetogonow,becauseImustfinishmybookreviewtoday.A:___5___B:LittleWomen.Ihavealreadyfinishedreadingit.A:Wow,you’resofast.Hopeeverythinggoeswell.1.A.Howoftendoyouexercise? B.Wheredidyougo?C.Whatareyoudoing? D.Whatdidyoudowithit?2.A.Whatshouldyoudo? B.Whatareyourhobbies?C.Whenareyoufree? D.What’swrongwithyou?3.A.WhatshouldIdo? B.Whodoyouaskforhelp?C.Wheredoyoumeetthem? D.Whydoyougooutnow?4.A.Sorrytohearthat. B.Soundsunusual.C.Mypleasure. D.CatchyouonMonday.5.A.HowdoyoulikethebookLittleWomen? B.Areyougoodatwritingabook?C.Whichbookdoyoudecidetowriteabout? D.Whatareyoutalkingabout?四、阅读理解（40分）17、CurtMcArdle,aBritishman,begantoliveinGuizhouaboutfiveyearsago,teachingEnglishinavillageschoolnearGuiyang.Whenheisfree,helikesmakingvideos（录影）abouthistripstovillagesnearhisschool.Hesharedmorethan20suchvideosonYouTube.McArdlesawthebigchangesinthosevillagesduringhistripsovertheyears.Thebrokenroadsinthevillagesbecomemuchbetternow.HealsosaidthatGuiyangopenedtwonewmetro（地铁）linesinthelasttwoyears.“Nowyoucaneasilyspendadayinavillage.Youcangotoarestauranttobuysomefood.Iusedtofillmybagwithallkindsoffoodbeforetravelingtothevillages.YoucangotoasmallvillageinthemiddleofnowhereandpayforeverythingwithWeChatorAlipay.Thereisalways5G,soIcanusethemaponmyphonetogetbacktotheschool,”saysMcArdle.Insomevillages,peopletoldhimthattheycouldselllocalproducts（当地特产）easilythankstothegrowingnumberofvisitorsbroughtinwiththehelpofgoodtransport（交通）.McArdlethinksit’sChina’seffortsatpovertyallevaition（扶贫）thatmaketherechangeshappen.HehopestogoonmakingvideostoshowtherealChinatotheworldanddosomethingtohelpdevelopthevillageschool.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.WhatdoesCurtMcArdleliketodoinhisfreetime?A.Helikesstayingathomeandwatchingvideos.B.HelikeslearningChinesebywatchingvideos.C.Helikesmakingvideosabouthistripstovillages.2.Whichquestioncanthethirdparagraphanswer?A.Whydidn’tMcArdleusemapsinChina?B.Howcanpeoplepayinthevillagesnow?C.WhendidMcArdlecometothevillageforthefirsttime?3.Whycanpeopleinthevillagesmakemoremoneynow?A.Becausethelocalproductsarebetterthanotherproducts.B.Becausepeoplecansellmoreproductsthrough5G.C.Becausethetransportmakesiteasierformorevisitorstocome.4.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.McArdlesharedover50videosabouthistripstovillagesonYouTube.B.McArdlewishestoplayaroleinthedevelopmentofthevillageschool.C.McArdlecouldbuyfoodeasilywithWeChatwhenhefirstcametothevillage.5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.ABritishmanrecordschangesintheChinesecountryside.B.ABritishmantakestripstodifferentvillagesinChina.C.China’seffortsatpovertyalleviation.18、Teachinggoodmannerstokidsisveryimportant.It’sbesttoletthemdevelopgoodtablemannerswhentheyareyoung.Sotheycancarrythesewhentheygrowup.Goodeatingmannersbeginwithgoodtablemanners.Tellyourkidsthatdinnertimeisfamilytime.Thereshouldbenomobilephonesortextmessagesatthetable.Instead,mealtimeshouldbeusedfortalkingaboutfamilythings.Kidsshouldsay“please”and“thankyou”whenaskingforthingsonthetable.Theyshouldnotreachoverotherpeopletogetthingsthattheywant.Teachyourchildrennottoeatwiththeirmouthsopenortalkwiththeirmouths.Ifit’shardforthemtounderstand,tryshowingthemhowitlooksandsounds.Whentheyseethis,they’llunderstandhowtheylooktootherpeople.Theyshouldalsoeatslowlyandtakesmallbites(咬).Washinghandsbeforeandaftereatingisimportanttohealth.Wheneatingatafriend’shouse,tellyourkidstoremembertothankthehostforthemeal.Letthemputtheirowndishesinthesinkafterdinner.Forelderchildren,theycanhelpdothedishes.1.Whatisbestforkidstolearnwhenthey’reyoung?A.Righttablemanners. B.Somefamilythings.C.Howtowashhands. D.Themeaningoffamily.2.WhatshouldkidsNOTdoaccordingtoA. B. C. D.3.Whatdoesthewords“reachover”mean?A.close B.pass C.hold D.weigh4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Kidscanonlytalkaboutschoolthingsduringmealtime.B.Kidscanreachoverpeopletogetthingswheneating.C.Kidsshouldthankthehostforthemealaftereating.D.Kidsshouldeatasquicklyaspossiblewhileeating.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Askkidstohelpparentscook.B.Teachkidsaboutgoodmanners.C.Whatkidsshoulddotoeathappily.D.Whatkidsshouldeattokeepfit.19、阅读下面两篇短文，从各题所给的四个选项（ABCD）中，选出最佳选项。At5,hestartedtoplaythedrums.At7,helearnedtoplaytheguitar.At13,MikePetillofromNewJersey,US,couldplaytheguitar,drums,bass(低音电吉他)andkeyboard.“Ifhehadafewmorehands,hecouldprobablyplayaconcertbyhimself,”thewebsitereported.Petilloactuallydidturnasingingactivityintohisownconcert.Once,hetookpartinasingingcompetitionacrossNewJersey,NewYorkandConnecticut.Hehadtolearn26songsinjusttwomonths.Buthedidit.Hisbandwasthemostpopulargroupinthecompetition.Besidesmusic,Petilloisatopstudentinhisclass.Buthesayshewillkeepmakingmusicwhenhegrowsup.Hethinksthatmusicwillplayalargerole(角色)inhislife,onewayoranother.“Ican’tthinkofanyotherway,”hesaid.1.WhatcouldPetilloplaywhenhewas6?A.Theguitar. B.Thedrums. C.Thebass. D.Thekeyboard.2.IttookPetillo_______tolearn26songsforthecompetition.A.oneyear B.halfayear C.twomonths D.twoweeks3.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A.Petillogetsgoodgradesinschool. B.Petillowon’tmakemusicinthefuture.C.Petilloneverdoeshomeworkathome. D.Petillowantstoplaysomerolesinmovies.20、阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能回答问题的最佳答案。It’sahotdaytoday.Whenyoujumpintoaswimmingpooltokeepcool,doyouknowhowanimalsfightagainsttheheat?Animalshavetheirownwaystokeepcoolintheheat.Herearesomeexamples.Fewanimalscansweatlikehumansdo,buthorsescan.Theysweattokeepcool.Ifahorsekeepsexercisingforonehour,itcanlose5litersoffluid(液体)bysweating.Dogscannotsweat,buttheycankeepcoolbypanting(气喘).Pantingmeansbreathingshortlyandquickly.Insummer,weoftenseedogsputtingouttheirtonguesandbreathingshortlyandquickly.AnAfricanelephant’searscangrowtobe1.8meterslongand1.2meterswide.Onthebackofanelephant’sears,therearemanytinybloodvessels(血管).Whenthetemperatureoftheelephant’sbloodishigherthanthetemperatureoftheenvironment,heatisreleasedfromtheears.Besides,elephantsalsoflap(拍打)theirearstocreatecoolwind.Thewindcanmaketheelephantfeelcool,too.Generallyspeaking,anelephant’searscancoolitsbodybyupto5°C.Isn’titamazing?1.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“sweat”?A.出汗 B.喘气 C.吃甜食 D.乘凉2.Howmanyanimalsarementionedinthepassage?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.3.HowdoesanAfricanelephantkeepcoolintheheat?A.Byswimminginthepool. B.Bysweating.C.Bypanting. D.Throughtheirears.4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Manyanimalscansweatlikehumansdo.B.Dogscankeepcoolbybreathingshortlyandquickly.C.Flap(拍打)theirearstocreatecoolwindistheonlywayforanAfricanelephanttocoolitsbody.D.Horsesanddogskeepcoolinthesameway.5.Whichpartfromanewspapermaythispassagecomefrom?A.Sports. B.Pet. C.Science. D.Environment.五、完形填空（10分）21、先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。Thebusiestdayinmylifeisalwaysmybirthday.Igetupbeforethe___1___goesup,andthenIdoexercise.Whenthemorningcomes,itfindsmeinthe___2___preparingthefoodformybirthdayparty.It’s___3___tocookformyselfonmybirthday.Ilovethesmellofcookingfoodandthe___4___thatpotsandplatesmake.Iusuallymakepancakesandpies.Icookalotof___5___foodfortheparty.Thefoodalwayscosts___6___alotofmoney.Afterfinishingcookingallthefood,Istartto___7___therooms.IputlanternsandcandleseverywhereandIpaint（涂料）thewallsbrightpurpleandpink.___8___allthisisfinished,Istillhavetimetopreparemybirthdaycostume.I___9___mysister’shighbootsandmygrandmother’shatwithsomeflowersonthetop.Mymake-up（化妆）isvery___10___.Ionlyusealittlecosmetics（化妆品）ofmysister’sand___11___brushitonmyface.Nowtheguestsmay___12___.Peoplecometomybirthdaypartywithgreatexpectations（期待）andtheyarenever___13___.Igreeteverybodyatthedoor,takethepresentsand___14___themtothetabletotastemyfood.Thereismusic,thereisdancing,andeverybodycangohome___15___satisfaction1.A.sun B.moon C.star D.earth2.A.study B.garden C.kitchen D.bathroom3.A.tiring B.happy C.terrible D.boring4.A.smell B.sound C.shape D.color5.A.easy B.bad C.delicious D.cheap6.A.him B.it C.me D.us7.A.draw B.build C.change D.decorate8.A.When B.So C.If D.Because9.A.takeoff B.puton C.throwaway D.giveup10.A.simple B.difficult C.beautiful D.impolite11.A.healthily B.luckily C.sadly D.quickly12.A.arrive B.leave C.cook D.sing13.A.sorry B.excited C.disappointed D.busy14.A.accept B.invite C.make D.give15.A.from B.through C.with D.for六、阅读表达（10分）22、请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整切题，并把答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。Readingshouldbepartofourlife.Buttheproblemisthatthere’stoomuchtoreadthesedaysandwehavetoolittletimetoread.Ifwewanttoreadmorebooksandgetmoreknowledgebyreadingbooks,weshouldtrytolearnsomereadingskills.Herearesomeskills.Preview—ifthematerialsarelongandhard.Previewingisveryusefulforgettingageneral(总结)ideaoflongarticlesandreports.Wecanreadthefirsttwoparagraphsandthelasttwoparagraphscarefully,andthenwecanonlyreadthefirstsentenceoftheotherparagraphs(段落).Skim—ifthematerialsareshortandeasy.Skimmingisagoodwaytogetageneralideaofpopularmagazinesorthesports,starsandmoviesofdailypaper.Whileskimming,getoureyestomovefastandsweepthemacrosseachline.Wecanpickuponlyafewkeywordsineachline.Everybodyskimsdifferently.Peoplemaynotpickupthesamewordswhenweareskimmingthesamenews,butusuallywecangetthesameideasofwhatitisallabout.1.What’sourprobleminreading?_____________________________________________2.Whatcanwedoifwewanttoreadmorebooks?_____________________________________________3.Howmanyreadingskillsdoesthepassagetalkabout?_____________________________________________4.Whatshouldwedoifwewanttoreadalongarticlequickly?_____________________________________________5.Whatshouldoureyesdowhenweareskimming?_____________________________________________七、书面表达（20分）时光荏苒，初中生活还剩一年。回想过去的两年初中生活，你是否觉得自己改变了许多?请你根据以下提示，以“SomeChangesinMyLife”为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈上初中后，你在哪些方面发生了变化。提示：1.生活和学习方面的变化；2.对这些变化的看法。要求：1.包括以上内容要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；2.80词左右，标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。SomeChangesinMyLifeHowtimeflies!IthasbeentwoyearssinceIwenttothemiddleschool._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、B【解析】【详解】句意：在英国，如果你挡了他们的路，人们不会碰你或从你身边推开。考查介词短语。ontheirway在他们的路上；intheirway挡住他们的路；bytheway顺便；inthisway用这种方式。根据“peoplewon’ttouchyouorpushpastyouifyou’re...”可知，如果你挡了他们的路，人们不会碰你或从你身边推开。故选B。2、B【解析】【详解】句意：——他帮助我学习真是太好了。——是的，他对每个人都很友好。考查介词辨析。It’s+形容词+forsb.todosth，形容词常用于表示事物的特征、特点；It’s+形容词+ofsb.todosth的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词。第一个空前kind形容他这个人的品德，故用of。第二个空，bekindtosb.对某人友好，固定搭配。故选B。3、D【解析】【详解】句意：——我能用一下电脑吗，妈妈？——当然，你可以用。但是你首先要完成家庭作业。考查情态动词辨析。Would将要；Should应该；Must必须；Can能。根据答句“Yes,youcan.”可知，此处为请求允许。故选D。4、B【解析】【详解】句意：——让我先休息一下。我太虚弱了，走不动了。——加油！我们只剩下5公里了。考查副词辨析。weakenough足够虚弱；tooweak太虚弱；quiteweak十分虚弱；soweak如此虚弱。根据“Comeon!Weonlyhavefivekilometersleft.”可知，此处表达“走不动了”，句意表否定，结合后面的“towalkanyfurther”可知，此处是too…to“太……而不能”的用法。故选B。5、C【解析】【详解】句意：——吉姆喜欢待在中国吗？——是的。自从他们来到中国以来，不仅吉姆，露西还参观了许多很棒的城市。考查时态和主谓一致。根据“since...”可知句子用现在完成时“have/hasdone”；notonly...butalso连接的成分作主语时，遵循就近原则，根据“Lucy”可知助动词用has。故选C。6、B【解析】【详解】句意：张桂梅自1990年起在云南省任教。考查动词时态。根据“since1990”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，故选B。7、C【解析】【详解】句意：猫从树上摔下来，把自己弄伤了。考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；herself她自己；itself它自己；myself我自己。根据分析句子可知，主语是cat“猫”，指的是动物，固定短语“hurtoneself”意为“伤到某人自己”。故选C。8、A【解析】【详解】句意：——我午餐想吃些煎饼。——对不起，先生。它们只在早餐时供应。考查时态和语态。They指代上文提到过的煎饼，与动词serve之间是动宾关系，此处用一般现在时的被动语态areserved。故选A。9、A【解析】【详解】句意：我找不到我姑姑的房子，因为她给了我一个错误的地址。考查名词辨析。address地址；answer答案；name名字。根据“Icouldn’tfindmyaunt’shouse”可知是姑姑给错了地址信息。故选A。10、A【解析】【详解】句意：——你今天还是明天能来？——恐怕两天都不行。后天怎么样？考查不定代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者之一；none（三者或三者以上）全部都不；any任何一个。根据“Howaboutthedayaftertomorrow?”可知，今天和明天都不可以，neither符合题意。故选A。二、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）11、(t)ruth【解析】【详解】句意：说实话，和任何其他科目相比，我更喜欢英语。根据“Totellyouthe...”可知此处是结构totellyouthetruth“说实话”。故填(t)ruth。12、(s)ince【解析】【详解】句意：格林先生自2000年以来一直住在杭州，到目前为止已经23年了。根据“Mr.GreenhaslivedinHangzhous...2000andithasbeen23yearssofar.”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，故填(s)ince。13、(s)pring【解析】【详解】句意：一年有四个季节，春、夏、秋、冬。根据“fourseasons”以及“summer,autumnandwinter”可知，空处缺少spring“春天”。故填(s)pring。14、Howtimeflies【解析】【详解】表达时间过得真快可用感叹句“Howtimeflies!”，其构成为“How+主谓”，意为“光阴似箭”。故填Howtimeflies。15、successful【解析】【详解】句意：神舟十六号于2023年5月30日发射升空。这是太空工业的又一次成功尝试。success“成功”，名词，此处应用其形容词successful“成功的”，作定语修饰名词try。故填successful。三、补全对话（10分）16、1.B2.D3.A4.C5.C【解析】【导语】本文是Mary向John寻求一些关于与新老师和同学相处的方式，John给出了一些建议，并且谈论写书评的情况。【1题详解】根据“Icallusomanytimesyesterday,butyoudidn’tanswer.”以及“Sorry,Mary.Ileftmyphoneathome.Iwenttoseethedoctor.”可知，此处应该是问对方没接电话的原因，且是问去哪里了，B选项“你去哪儿了”符合，故选B。【2题详解】根据“Ihaveasoreback.”可知，此处应是问对方怎么了，哪里不舒服，D选项“你怎么了”符合，故选D。【3题详解】根据“Ihadsometroubleingettingonwellwithmynewteachersandclassmates.”以及“Whydon’tyoucommunicatemorewiththem?Communicationisausefulwaytoknoweachother.”可知，此处应是问对方自己该怎么办，选项A“我该怎么办”符合，故选A。【4题详解】根据“Iwillhaveatry.Thanksforyouradvice.”可知，此处应是回答“不客气”，选项C“别客气”符合，故选C。【5题详解】根据“Ihavetogonow,becauseImustfinishmybookreviewtoday.”以及“LittleWomen.Ihavealreadyfinishedreadingit.”可知，此处是问对方要写哪本书的评论，选项C“你决定写哪本书”符合，故选C。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一位英国人McArdle在中国贵州的所见所闻，包括乡村的巨大变化和他在学校的教学工作。他通过拍摄和分享旅行视频，向世界展示了真实的中国，并希望为乡村学校的发展做出贡献。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whenheisfree,helikesmakingvideos（录影）abouthistripstovillagesnearhisschool.”可知，当他有空的时候，他喜欢制作关于他去学校附近村庄旅行的视频。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“YoucangotoasmallvillageinthemiddleofnowhereandpayforeverythingwithWeChatorAlipay.”可知，可以用微信或支付宝支付一切费用，第三段回答了“现在村里的人怎么能付钱？”这个问题。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Insomevillages,peopletoldhimthattheycouldselllocalproducts（当地特产）easilythankstothegrowingnumberofvisitorsbroughtinwiththehelpofgoodtransport（交通）.”可知，由于有了良好的交通工具，越来越多的游客涌入，他们可以很容易地销售当地产品。故选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“HehopestogoonmakingvideostoshowtherealChinatotheworldanddosomethingtohelpdevelopthevillageschool.”可知，他希望继续制作视频，向世界展示真实的中国，并为乡村学校的发展做出贡献。故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一位英国人McArdle在中国贵州的所见所闻，包括乡村的巨大变化和他在学校的教学工作。他通过拍摄和分享旅行视频，向世界展示了真实的中国，并希望为乡村学校的发展做出贡献。故选A。18、1.A2.D3.B4.C5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍一些餐桌礼仪。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“It’sbesttoletthemdevelopgoodtablemannerswhentheyareyoung.”可知培养好的餐桌礼仪很重要。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thereshouldbenomobilephonesortextmessagesatthetable.”可知，在餐桌边不应该玩手机。故选D。【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Theyshouldnotreachoverotherpeopletogetthingsthattheywant.”可知，为了得到他们想要的东西而越过其他人是不行的，根据所给词，应是“pass”经过。故选B。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“Wheneatingatafriend’shouse,tellyourkidstoremembertothankthehostforthemeal.”可知，在朋友家吃饭，要记得谢谢主人的饭。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍好的餐桌礼仪。故选B。19、1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了MikePetillo的一些爱好等情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“At5,hestartedtoplaythedrums.At7,helearnedtoplaytheguitar.”可知，他六岁时可以打鼓，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hehadtolearn26songsinjusttwomonths.”可知，他在短短两个月内学会26首歌。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“Besidesmusic,Petilloisatopstudentinhisclass.”可知，Petillo在学校成绩很好，故选A。20、1.A2.B3.D4.B5.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了动物们是如何在炎热天气保持凉爽的。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Ifahorsekeepsexercisingforonehour,itcanlose5litersoffluidbysweating.”可知马锻炼后会流失液体，可以推测sweat指“出汗”。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Fewanimalscansweatlikehumansdo,buthorsescan.”、“Dogscannotsweat”和“AnAfricanelephant’searscangrowtobe1.8meterslongand1.2meterswide.”可知本文介绍了马、狗和大象三种动物。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whenthetemperatureoftheelephant’sbloodishigherthanthetemperatureoftheenvironment,heatisreleasedfromtheears.Besides,elephantsalsoflaptheirearstocreatecoolwind.”可知天气太热了，大象通过耳朵释放热量，也可以扇耳朵来降温。故选D。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“Dogscannotsweat,buttheycankeepcoolbypanting(气喘).Pantingmeansbreathingshortlyandquickly.”可知狗狗通过短而快的气喘来降温。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了动物的降温方式，因此可能出现在科学杂志。故选C。五、完形填空（10分）21、1.A2.C3.B4.B5.C6.C7.D8.A9.B10.A11.D12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文主要写的是作者对生日的看法以及生日当天一系列的活动。【1题详解】句意：在太阳升起之前我就起床了，之后我做锻炼。sun太阳；moon月亮；star星星；earth地球。根据“Igetupbeforethe…goesup…”可知，只有太阳会在早上升起。故选A。【2题详解】句意：当早晨到来的时候，它发现我在为我的生日聚会准备食物。study书房；garden花园；kitchen厨房；bathroom浴室。根据“preparingthefood”可知，准备食物发生在厨房里。故选C。【3题详解】句意：在我生日的时候给自己做饭很开心。tiring令人疲倦的，累人的；happy开心的；terrible糟糕的；boring无聊的。根据后文“Ilovethesmellofcookingfood…”可知，作者喜欢做饭，做饭会开心。故选B。【4题详解】句意：我喜欢烹饪食物的味道还有锅和盘子碰撞发出的声音。smell气味；sound声音；shape形状；color颜色。根据“potsandplatesmake”可知，锅和碗碰撞会发出声音。故选B。【5题详解】句意：我为聚会做了很多可口的食物。easy容易的；bad坏的，差的；delicious可口的；cheap便宜的。容易的不能修饰食物，排除A；根据最后一段“satisfaction”可知客人对食物很满意，排除B；根据后文“costs…alotofmoney”可知，食物不便宜，排除D。故选C。【6题详解】句意：食物总是要花费我很多钱。him他；it它；me我；us我们。根据“Icookalotof…”可知，是文中的“我”在做饭买食材。故选C。【7题详解】句意：做完所有的食物后，我开始装饰房间。draw画；build建筑；change改变；decorate装饰。根据“IputlanternsandcandleseverywhereandIpaint（涂料）thewallsbrightpurpleandpink.”可知，灯笼、蜡烛等是用来装饰房间的。故选D。【8题详解】句意：当这一切都完成了，我还有时间准备我的生日服装。When当……时候；So所以；If如果；Because因为。根据“Istillhavetimetopreparemybirthdaycostume.”可知，当一切都完成后我还有时间准备服装。故选A。【9题详解】句意：我穿上了姐姐的高筒靴，戴上了祖母的帽子，帽子上插着一些花。takeoff脱下；puton穿上；throwaway扔掉；giveup放弃。根据前文作者已经准备了服装和“mysister’shighboots”可知，作者要穿上高筒靴。故选B。【10题详解】句意：我化的妆非常简单。simple简单的；difficult困难的；beautiful美丽的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“Ionlyusealittlecosmetics（化妆品）ofmysister’s…”可知，作者仅仅用了一点化妆品，妆容比较简单。故选A。【11题详解】句意：我只用我姐姐的一点化妆品，然后快速地把它刷在脸上。healthily健康地；luckily幸运地；sadly伤心地：quickly快速地。根据前文作者仅仅用了一点化妆品，及后文“Nowtheguestsmay…”可知，时间有限，客人要到了，作者要快速化妆。故选D。【12题详解】句意：现在我的客人可能到了。arrive到达；leave离开；cook做饭；sing唱歌。根据后文“Peoplecometomybirthdayparty…”人们来到聚会上，可知宾客已至。故选A。【13题详解】句意；人们带着很大的期望来参加我的生日聚会，但他们从来没有失望。sorry抱歉的；excited激动的；disappointed失望的；busy忙碌的。根据单词“satisfaction”可知客人很满意，不会失望。故选C。【14题详解】句意：我在门口迎接每个人，接过礼物并且邀请他们去桌子上品尝我的食物。accept接受；invite邀请；make制作；give给。根据“tastemyfood”可知，作者邀请客人去品尝食物。故选B。【15题详解】句意：有音乐，有舞蹈，每个人都可以满意地回家：我们今天过得很愉快。from来自；through通过；with带着；for为了。根据“satisfaction”可知，带着满意符合语境。故选C。六、阅读表达（10分）22、1.Ourproblemisthatthere’stoomuchtoreadthesedays.2.Weshouldtrytolearnsomereadingskills.3.T