2025年雅思考试阅读专项模拟试卷：社会问题与解决方案

2025年雅思考试阅读专项模拟试卷：社会问题与解决方案考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、词汇理解要求：根据上下文选出正确的同义词或反义词。1.Thegovernmenthasimplementedstrictregulationstoreducepollution.a)relaxedb)lenientc)stringentd)permissivee)lenient2.Manypeopleareconcernedabouttheimpactofclimatechangeonfuturegenerations.a)indifferentb)worriedc)complacentd)obliviouse)indifferent3.Thecityhasallocatedadditionalfundstoimprovepublictransportation.a)diminishedb)reducedc)increasedd)decreasede)allocated4.Theenvironmentalistsarguedthatthenewfactorywouldharmthelocalecosystem.a)protectb)preservec)harmd)damagee)benefit5.Thegovernmenthasintroducedanewpolicytopromoterenewableenergysources.a)discourageb)discouragec)encouraged)discouragee)promote6.Therisingcostoflivinghasbecomeasignificantissueformanypeople.a)decreasingb)increasingc)stabled)fluctuatinge)decreasing7.Thecommunityhasorganizedaclean-upcampaigntoimprovethelocalenvironment.a)degradeb)degradec)enhanced)degradee)degrade8.Thegovernmenthasallocatedresourcestosupporteducationinruralareas.a)withdrawb)allocatec)transferd)distributee)withdraw9.Thelocalauthoritieshaveimplementedmeasurestoreducetrafficcongestion.a)alleviateb)aggravatec)increased)decreasee)alleviate10.Thecompanyhasinvestedinnewtechnologytoreduceitscarbonfootprint.a)expandb)decreasec)increased)enhancee)reduce二、阅读理解要求：根据文章内容回答问题。文章：Inrecentyears,theissueofplasticpollutionhasbecomeamajorconcernforenvironmentalistsandthegeneralpublic.Plasticwasteisasignificantproblembecauseittakeshundredsofyearstodecomposeandcancauseharmtowildlifeandecosystems.Manycountrieshaveimplementedbansonsingle-useplastics,suchasstrawsandbags,toreducetheamountofplasticwastegenerated.However,someexpertsarguethatamorecomprehensiveapproachisneededtoaddressthisissueeffectively.Questions:1.Whatisthemainproblemcausedbyplasticpollutionaccordingtothearticle?a)Deforestationb)Plasticwastec)Airpollutiond)Waterpollutione)Noisepollution2.Whatmeasureshavemanycountriesimplementedtoreduceplasticpollution?a)Banningsingle-useplasticsb)Encouragingrecyclingc)Promotingsustainabledevelopmentd)Investingincleanenergye)Alloftheabove3.Whatdosomeexpertsargueisneededtoaddresstheissueofplasticpollutioneffectively?a)Moreregulationsb)Banningallplasticsc)Comprehensiveapproachd)Recyclingprogramse)Publicawarenesscampaigns4.Whatisthemainconcernofenvironmentalistsregardingplasticpollution?a)Economicimpactb)Healthrisksc)Wildlifeharmd)Ecosystemdestructione)Climatechange5.Howlongdoesittakeforplasticwastetodecomposeaccordingtothearticle?a)Weeksb)Monthsc)Yearsd)Decadese)Centuries6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?a)Topromoterecyclingb)Todiscusstheimpactofplasticpollutionc)Toadvocateforacomprehensiveapproachd)Tohighlighttheeconomicbenefitsofreducingplasticpollutione)Toprovidesolutionstotheplasticpollutionproblem7.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneoftheconsequencesofplasticpollutiononwildlife?a)Starvationb)Habitatdestructionc)Pollutionofwatersourcesd)Lossofbiodiversitye)Alloftheabove8.Howdoesthearticledescribetheeffectivenessofthebansonsingle-useplastics?a)Ineffectiveb)Partiallyeffectivec)Highlyeffectived)Unnecessarye)Inconclusive9.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedbyexpertsregardingtheissueofplasticpollution?a)Banningallplasticsistheonlysolutionb)Moreregulationsareneededc)Comprehensiveapproachisnecessaryd)Recyclingistheonlysolutione)Publicawarenesscampaignsarenoteffective10.Howdoesthearticleend?a)Byprovidingasolutiontotheplasticpollutionproblemb)Bydiscussingtheeconomicimpactofplasticpollutionc)Bysummarizingthemainpointsofthearticled)Byhighlightingtheneedforpublicawarenesscampaignse)Bydiscussingtheroleofgovernmentsinreducingplasticpollution四、判断正误要求：判断以下句子是否正确，正确的写T，错误的写F。1.Plasticpollutionisaglobalissuethataffectsbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.(

)2.Thedecompositionofplasticwasteinlandfillstakesseveralmonths.(

)3.Recyclingplasticreducestheamountofplasticwasteintheenvironment.(

)4.Banningplasticbagscompletelyisthemosteffectivesolutiontoreduceplasticpollution.(

)5.Theuseofbiodegradableplasticshassignificantlyreducedplasticpollution.(

)6.Plasticpollutionhasnoimpactonhumanhealth.(

)7.Themajorityofplasticpollutionisfoundinoceansandcoastalareas.(

)8.Governmentsworldwidehavetakenstrictmeasurestobansingle-useplastics.(

)9.Publicawarenesscampaignshavebeensuccessfulinreducingplasticpollution.(

)10.Theproductionofplasticproductsisexpectedtoincreaseinthecomingyears.(

)五、信息匹配要求：将下列句子与正确的选项匹配。A.ThegovernmentofChinahasannouncedaplantoreduceplasticuseby50%by2030.B.Manycompanieshavestartedusingbiodegradablepackagingtoreducetheircarbonfootprint.C.Agroupofenvironmentalistshaslaunchedacampaigntocleanupbeachesfromplasticwaste.D.TheuseofplasticstrawshasbeenbannedinmanyEuropeancountries.E.Astudyhasshownthatmicroplasticshavebeenfoundinhumanorgans.1._______isanexampleofalocalcommunityinitiativetotackleplasticpollution.2._______isanexampleoftheimpactofplasticpollutiononhumanhealth.3._______isanexampleoftheglobaleffortstoreduceplasticuse.4._______isanexampleoftheenvironmentalimpactofplasticwasteonwildlife.5._______isanexampleoftheactionstakenbycompaniestobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.六、完形填空要求：根据文章内容，选择正确的单词或短语填空。Theissueofplasticpollutionhasbeenatopicofconcernformanyyears.Itisacomplexproblemthatrequiresa_______approachtoaddresseffectively.The_______ofplasticwasteinoceansandonbeachesisavisiblesignoftheproblem,butitisjustthetipoftheiceberg.The_______ofplasticinourdailylivesisimmense,frompackagingtosingle-useitems.1.a)globalb)simplec)complexd)immediate2.a)accumulationb)decreasec)distributiond)production3.a)reductionb)increasec)controld)elimination4.a)usageb)disposalc)recyclingd)ban本次试卷答案如下：一、词汇理解1.c)stringent2.b)worried3.c)increased4.c)harm5.e)promote6.b)increasing7.c)enhance8.b)allocate9.a)alleviate10.b)decrease解析思路：1.根据句意，政府实施了严格的法规，因此应选择表示严格的同义词。2.根据句意，许多人担心气候变化对后代的影响，因此应选择表示担心的词。3.根据句意，城市为改善公共交通分配了额外的资金，因此应选择表示增加的词。4.根据句意，环保主义者认为新工厂会损害当地生态系统，因此应选择表示损害的词。5.根据句意，政府推出了新政策来促进可再生能源的使用，因此应选择表示促进的词。6.根据句意，生活成本的上升已成为许多人面临的一个重大问题，因此应选择表示增加的词。7.根据句意，社区组织了一场清理活动来改善当地环境，因此应选择表示增强的词。8.根据句意，政府为支持农村地区的教育分配了资源，因此应选择表示分配的词。9.根据句意，当地当局采取了措施来减少交通拥堵，因此应选择表示减轻的词。10.根据句意，公司投资于新技术来减少其碳足迹，因此应选择表示减少的词。二、阅读理解1.b)Plasticwaste2.a)Banningsingle-useplastics3.c)Comprehensiveapproach4.c)Wildlifeharm5.e)Centuries6.b)Todiscusstheimpactofplasticpollution7.d)Lossofbiodiversity8.b)Partiallyeffective9.c)Comprehensiveapproach10.d)Byhighlightingtheneedforpublicawarenesscampaigns解析思路：1.根据文章第一段，塑料污染是一个主要问题，因为它需要数百年的时间来分解，并能对野生动物和生态系统造成伤害，因此选择b)Plasticwaste。2.根据文章第二段，许多国家实施了禁止一次性塑料的规定，因此选择a)Banningsingle-useplastics。3.根据文章第三段，一些专家认为需要更全面的方法来有效解决这个问题，因此选择c)Comprehensiveapproach。4.根据文章第四段，环保主义者担心塑料污染对野生动物的危害，因此选择c)Wildlifeharm。5.根据文章第一段，塑料垃圾需要数百年的时间来分解，因此选择e)Centuries。6.根据文章全文，文章主要讨论了塑料污染的影响，因此选择b)Todiscusstheimpactofplasticpollution。7.根据文章第五段，塑料污染的一个后果是生物多样性的丧失，因此选择d)Lossofbiodiversity。8.根据文章第六段，禁止一次性塑料的规定部分有效，因此选择b)Partiallyeffective。9.根据文章第七段，专家们认为需要更全面的方法来解决这个问题，因此选择c)Comprehensiveapproach。10.根据文章最后一段，文章强调了提高公众意识的重要性，因此选择d)Byhighlightingtheneedforpublicawarenesscampaigns。四、判断正误1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.T10.T解析思路：1.根据文章内容，塑料污染是一个全球性问题，影响发达和发展中国家，因此判断为正确。2.根据文章内容，塑料垃